Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)最新文献

{"title":"Bacterial load comparison of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) by real-time PCR (qPCR) between children with diarrhea and asymptomatic infection.","authors":"David Durand, Joaquim Ruíz, Theresa J Ochoa","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimce.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is a pathotype of diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) that causes acute and persistent diarrhoea in children, HIV-infected patients and travelers. However, EAEC can also be isolated in people without diarrhoea. The aim of this study was to evaluated if the EAEC bacterial load in stool samples is associated with diarrhoea in comparison with asymptomatic infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected 165 stool samples (children with diarrhoea: 80 and asymptomatic children: 85) that previously were identified as EAEC by Real-Time PCR for diagnostic of DEC from E. coli isolated from stool cultures. We extracted DNA from fecal samples using the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method and standardised a qPCR to evaluate the bacterial load using EAEC strain 042.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The detection limit of the qPCR was 10 copies ofaggR gene (5 bacterias)/mg stool and the reaction efficiency was ≥ 93%. We found a higher bacterial load in patients with diarrhoea [2781, 95% CI (688-6875) bacteria/mg feces] than in asymptomatic children [138, 95% CI (75-306) bacteria/mg feces], including samples with single pathogen infection and co-infections. Among diarrheal samples, the bacterial load was higher in boys than girls and in children older than 18 months than younger.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EAEC load in stool samples are higher in children with diarrhoea than in asymptomatic infection. This qPCR could be useful for studying the role of colonisation in children living in endemic areas where the isolation of this pathogen is similar in both groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outbreak of Schistosomiasis mansoni in a Spanish dance and percussion ensemble acquired in the Republic of Guinea.","authors":"Marta Arsuaga Vicente, Guillermo Ruiz-Carrascoso, Fernando De la Calle-Prieto, Javier Sotillo Gallego, Rosa De Miguel-Buckley, Mar Lago Nuñez, Daniel Mesado Martinez, Marta Díaz Menéndez","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimce.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease endemic in 78 countries worldwide. The acute phase, commonly referred to as Katayama fever, is more frequently observed in travelers than in migrants. Despite significant progress in understanding its pathology, many aspects of this disease remain unclear, posing challenges to timely diagnosis and management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational retrospective study was conducted at the National Referral Unit for Imported Tropical Diseases, located at Hospital La Paz-Carlos III in Madrid, Spain. The study included a total of 14 members of a dance and percussion ensemble that traveled to the Republic of Guinea from March 3 to March 18, 2023. Patients with confirmed or probable schistosomiasis were included in the analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve patients had suspected acute schistosomiasis. Of these, 78.5% were female. The predominant clinical manifestations included fever (91.6%), eosinophilia (100%), acute diarrhea (91.6%), and abdominal pain (83.3%). All patients reported a history of freshwater exposure in Guinea. Schistosoma serology was positive in all cases, and stool samples from five patients revealed the presence of Schistosoma mansoni eggs. Acute symptoms were managed with corticosteroids, leading to clinical improvement in all cases. Thereafter, all patients were treated with praziquantel at a dose of 40mg/kg/day, administered in two separate doses four weeks apart.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Freshwater exposure in tropical regions is the primary risk factor for acquiring schistosomiasis. Early diagnosis and treatment during the acute phase are crucial to prevent complications and long-term sequelae.</p>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External validation of the HANDOC score in a Spanish cohort-Analysis of blood culture scoring and time to positivity.","authors":"Pedro Manuel García-Ceberino, Francisco Anguita-Santos, Jara Llenas-García, Miguel Ángel Montero-Alonso, Natalia Chueca-Porcuna, Emilio Borrajo, Adolfo de Salazar, Ana María Hernández-Campillo, Emilio Guirao-Arrabal, Andrés Ruiz-Sancho","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.12.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimce.2024.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bacteremia caused by gram-positive cocci (GPC) remains challenging, particularly in assessing the risk of infective endocarditis (IE). Various scoring systems have been developed to guide the use of echocardiography. The HANDOC score was specifically designed for non-β-hemolytic streptococci (NBHS). This study aimed to validate the HANDOC score in a cohort across diverse geographic settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study enrolled patients with NBHS bacteremia from 2017 to 2021 at two Spanish hospitals. Cases of IE were defined according to European Society of Cardiology 2015 modified Duke criteria. Patient characteristics were extracted from medical records for the analysis of HANDOC score validation in our cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 280 patients diagnosed with NBHS bacteremia, 31 met the modified Duke criteria for infective endocarditis (11.1%). Using a cutoff of ≥3, the HANDOC score demonstrated a sensitivity of 95%, specificity of 74% and a negative predictive value of 98%. The same metrics were analyzed with an adapted score based on positive blood culture vials, yielding similar results. Time to positivity (TTP) was analyzed with different cutoffs or by each NBHS group showing no statistically significant difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The HANDOC score is a valuable tool for decision-making in NBHS bacteriemia in a Spanish cohort. Scoring by vials may be employed for blood culture item in different clinical settings. Time-to-positivity did not show a significant difference that would justify its potential inclusion in the score.</p>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Q fever in Majorca island 2017-2022. An underestimated problem.","authors":"Mercedes García-Gasalla, Sophia Pinecki Socias, Pablo A Fraile, Victoria Fernández-Baca, Aroa Villoslada, Antonio Adrover, Sandra Gregorio, Marta González-Moreno, Alfredo Pinheiro Martins, Alexander Zidouh, Gemma Mut, Meritxell Gavaldà, Melchor Riera, Luisa Martín Pena, Javier Murillas Angoiti","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimce.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Q fever (QF) is a zoonotic infection caused by Coxiella burnetii. Previous studies suggest that the incidence in the island of Majorca may be high. The objective was to know the epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic characteristics of acute QF (AQF) on the island of Majorca during the years 2017-2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of a series of cases of AQF diagnosed in 3 out 4 hospitals of the Health Service of the island of Majorca. AQF was considered if a clinically compatible syndrome was present with one of the following serological criteria: confirmed AQF if IgG seroconversion phase II, very possible if only IgG ≥1/128 is available in addition to a positive IgM, and AQF possible if IgG≥ 1/512 with negative IgM or if IgM positive with negative IgG in a single serological determination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>223 cases of AQF were diagnosed, of which 102 (45.7%) were confirmed, 84 (37.7%) very probable and 37 (16.6%) probable AQF. Prolonged febrile syndrome was the most frequent clinical diagnosis (107, 48.0%), followed by pneumonia with/without pleural effusion (49, 21.9%), acute hepatitis (38, 17.0%), pericarditis and/or myocarditis (6, 2.6%). Three patients developed endocarditis (one in the acute phase, two others during follow-up). The median number of cases per year was 34 (p25-p75: 31.7-40.25). AQF-related mortality was 1.8% (4 patients).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AQF is a preventable and little recognized zoonosis, causing significant morbidity and mortality in Majorca.</p>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical case report: Complicated puerperal mastitis.","authors":"Maialen Larrea Ayo, Begoña Vilar Achabal, Elena Urra Zalbidegoitia, Mikel Gallego Rodrigo","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimce.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of healthcare-associated urinary tract infections in Catalonia","authors":"Alex Smithson ,&nbsp;Nerea Roch Villaverde ,&nbsp;Raúl López Salas ,&nbsp;Evelyn Shaw ,&nbsp;Alexander Almendral ,&nbsp;Rosario Porrón ,&nbsp;Enric Limon ,&nbsp;Miquel Pujol ,&nbsp;on behalf of VINCat Program","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.06.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.06.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Healthcare-associated urinary tract infections (HCA-UTIs) account for an important number of infections in acute care hospitals (ACH) and long-term care facilities (LTCF). Our objective was to evaluate the prevalence of HCA-UTIs in Catalonia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Descriptive observational study in which we analyzed the prevalence of HCA-UTIs, including catheter-associated UTIs (CAUTIs) and non-CAUTIs, from point prevalence surveys conducted in 55 ACH (44,734 patients) and 97 LTCF (116,882 residents) between 2013 and 2022 as part of the VINCat program. Prevalence time trends were also assessed by using a Spearman correlation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In ACH, the overall prevalence of HCA-UTI was 1.6%. The prevalence of CAUTI was 3.9%, while the prevalence of non-CAUTI was 1%, with no significant changes over time. CAUTIs were more prevalent in large size and specialty hospitals. Among the 695 HCA-UTIs, 325 (46.8%) were CAUTIs and 370 (53.2%) non-CAUTIs. The overall prevalence of HCA-UTI in LTCF was 3.6%. The prevalence of CAUTI and non-CAUTI was 11% and 2.8%, respectively, with no significant changes over time. Among the 4190 HCA-UTIs, 1200 (28.6%) were CAUTIs and 2990 (71.4%) non-CAUTIs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Most HCA-UTIs, in ACH and LTCF, were non-CAUTIs although patients with a urinary catheter had a higher risk of HCA-UTIs. HCA-UTIs surveillance programs are essential for identifying at risk patients and developing preventive strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages S106-S114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in point-prevalence surveys of healthcare-associated infections in acute care hospitals from the VINCat program in Catalonia, Spain (2008–2022)","authors":"Irma Casas ,&nbsp;Jose Ángel Rodrigo ,&nbsp;Esther Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Dina Reina ,&nbsp;Dolors Ramirez ,&nbsp;Alexander Almendral ,&nbsp;Enric Limón ,&nbsp;Miquel Pujol ,&nbsp;on behalf of VINCat Programme Acute Care Hospital Prevalence Point Survey group","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Point prevalence surveys (PPS) offer valuable insights into the burden of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antibiotic utilization. Our objective was to analyze trends of HAIs, medical device use, and antibiotic administration among hospitalized adult patients from 2008 to 2022, drawing on data from the VINCat Program in Catalonia, Spain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study compares aggregated data from PPS carried out over three 5-year periods (2008–2012, 2013–2017, and 2018–2022) gathered in a one-day survey carried out in May of each calendar year. Trained infection control personnel collected demographic and clinical data and information on device use and antibiotic administration. Criteria from the ECDC were used to define active HAI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Surveys were conducted at 56 acute care hospitals and included 59,454 patients: 14,914 (period 1), 19,916 (period 2) and 24,624 (period 3). Overall, 3986 patients (6.7%, 95% confidence interval: 6.5–6.9) had one or more HAIs. The trend of HAIs showed a U-shape, falling overall since 2008 but rising during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although there was a significant increase in the use of invasive devices, surgical site infections (SSI) were the most frequently reported HAIs across the three periods. The prevalence of antimicrobial therapy exhibited a significant rise from 33.3% of patients during period 1 to 39.2% in period 3.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although there was an overall downward trend in HAIs during the study period, there was also a significant increase in antibiotic consumption. The data showed that SSI was the most prevalent HAI. This information was used to reinforce prevention activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages S3-S10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fever and skin lesions in a patient undergoing chemotherapy","authors":"José González Fernández ,&nbsp;Alejandro Tomás Esteban Escudero ,&nbsp;Mar García García","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 5","pages":"Pages 295-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143371448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upper limb abscess due to an unusual Clostridium species in an immunocompetent child","authors":"Iker Alonso-González,&nbsp;Nerea Antona-Urieta,&nbsp;Begoña Vilar Achabal,&nbsp;Clara Lejarraga-Cañas","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 5","pages":"Pages 301-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A lesion on the right arm for 30 years","authors":"Ali Mert ,&nbsp;Abdurrahman Kaya","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.09.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 5","pages":"Pages 297-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}