Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)最新文献

{"title":"Executive Summary of the Consensus Document on the diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections in adults, children and adolescents","authors":"Luis Piñeiro,&nbsp;Mar Vera,&nbsp;César Sotomayor,&nbsp;Javier Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This executive summary presents the updated Consensus Document on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in Spain, promoted by the Ministry of Health and the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology. The document is the result of a multidisciplinary collaboration aimed at establishing a national reference guide for the comprehensive and equitable management of these infections, to provide a practical tool to improve STI control and reduce associated stigma and social inequalities. Methodologically, it is based on scientific evidence graded by the strength of recommendation. The document harmonizes clinical and microbiological procedures, prioritizing an etiological approach over a syndromic one. It also incorporates new chapters (viral hepatitis, STIs in children and adolescents, sexual assault, among others) and highlights the role of community organizations. As a dynamic document, it will be updated periodically as new evidence emerges in the field of public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 7","pages":"Article 503222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herpes Zoster recurrence and its associated risk factors: A population-based study in primary care in Madrid region (central Spain)","authors":"Laura Reques,&nbsp;Ana Maria Humanes-Navarro,&nbsp;Susana Jiménez-Bueno,&nbsp;Luis García-Comas","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although Herpes Zoster (HZ) recurrence rates seem to be increasing, there are few studies exploring them in the general population. We aimed to investigate the HZ recurrence rates and associated risk factors in a large population-based study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Primary Care Electronic Health Records from the Community of Madrid were used to identify initial HZ episodes from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2024. These cases were followed through December 31, 2024 to identify recurrences. Recurrence cumulative incidence rate was calculated. The association of multiple risk factors with recurrence was estimated by Cox regression, including multivariate analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 10,470 recurrences out of 290,170 initial episodes with a mean of 4.23 years of follow-up. The recurrence rate was 8.81 per 1000 person-years (3.6%). Risk factors significantly associated with recurrence were post herpetic neuralgia (PHN) [hazard ratio [HR]<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.69–3.36], other complications arising from HZ [HR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.71; 1.38–1.96], cardiovascular disease [HR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.20; 1.03–1.40], age over 60 years-old (1.20; 1.10–1.32) and sex (women) [HR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.08; 1.03–1.12].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results suggest that HZ recurrence is relatively frequent and multicausal. Complications of the first episode, specially PHN, play an important role in predicting recurrence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 7","pages":"Article 503185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148651578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of quantitative HBsAg testing in clinical microbiology laboratories in Spain: Results from a national GEHEP-SEIMC survey","authors":"Lucía Chaves-Blanco,&nbsp;Marta Illescas-López,&nbsp;Ana Fuentes,&nbsp;Raquel Carracedo,&nbsp;Alberto Delgado-Iribarren,&nbsp;Alberto Vázquez Blanquiño,&nbsp;Ana María Blázquez,&nbsp;Ruth Sáez,&nbsp;Ana Miqueleiz,&nbsp;María de los Reyes Vidal,&nbsp;Tomás Tosco,&nbsp;César Gómez,&nbsp;Luz Moldes,&nbsp;Noelia Calvo,&nbsp;Lucía Pérez Rodríguez,&nbsp;Matilde Trigo,&nbsp;María Dolores Ocete,&nbsp;María Jesús Alcaraz,&nbsp;María Asunción Iborra,&nbsp;Julio García,&nbsp;Federico García","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (qHBsAg) is increasingly recognized as a key biomarker for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) management. This study aimed to assess the adoption, practices, and barriers to qHBsAg testing in Spanish clinical microbiology laboratories.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey was distributed through the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) Viral Hepatitis Study Group (GEHEP). Clinical microbiology laboratory professionals across Spain were invited to complete an anonymous online questionnaire. The survey collected information on qHBsAg implementation, technical practices, barriers, and patient-related data. Descriptive statistics were applied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 118 laboratories invited, 91 responded (77.1%); only 37.4% performed qHBsAg. Among non-performing centers, 86% did not refer samples, mainly due to perceived low clinical demand (57.1%), plus lack of equipment/resources. Implementation correlated with hospital size (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.041): 0% (&lt;200 beds), 23.3% (200–500), 44.9% (500–1000), 62.5% (≥1000). Among performing labs, 57.6% quantified after a positive qualitative test, 27.3% on request, and 15.2% as initial screening. Proactive reporting was 69.7%, and 81.8% diluted samples above limits. In the last year, 40.7% of results were &lt;100<!--> <!-->IU/mL and 27.1% &gt;3000<!--> <!-->IU/mL; over five years (≈14,500 tests), 29.5% &gt;3000<!--> <!-->IU/mL and 27.3% &lt;100<!--> <!-->IU/mL, supporting the clinical relevance of these thresholds.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>qHBsAg testing is not uniformly implemented across Spanish clinical microbiology laboratories and workflows and reporting practices are heterogeneous. Given the descriptive design and potential selection bias, these results should be interpreted as a baseline assessment to inform harmonization efforts and future evaluations linking testing availability to clinical decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 7","pages":"Article 503215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characterization of cutaneous mucormycosis in patients receiving Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy with Ibrutinib: A new case report and comparative discussion","authors":"Borja González Rodríguez,&nbsp;Jorge Arroyo Andrés,&nbsp;Alfonso Gotor Rivera,&nbsp;Ana Pérez de Ayala Balzola,&nbsp;José Luis Rodríguez Peralto,&nbsp;Concepción Postigo Llorente","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Mucormycosis are invasive fungal infections caused by fungi of the order Mucorales that classically affect profoundly immunosuppressed patients. Recently, cases have emerged in patients receiving Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors like Ibrutinib, used for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We report a 58-year-old man with CLL on Ibrutinib and Venetoclax who developed a rapidly progressing necrotic ulcer on his leg after minor trauma. Histopathology revealed angioinvasive, non-septate hyphae; <em>Rhizopus</em> spp. was confirmed by culture. He was treated with surgical debridement, liposomal amphotericin B, and isavuconazole, with good outcome. We also reviewed published cases of cutaneous mucormycosis in Ibrutinib-treated patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Including our case, seven patients were identified. Most presented with single necrotic limb lesions after minor trauma. Median age was 69.5 years; median Ibrutinib exposure was 3 years. Liposomal amphotericin B was the most used antifungal; surgery was performed in over half of the patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Cutaneous mucormycosis is an emerging complication in Ibrutinib-treated patients. Early diagnosis and combined antifungal and surgical treatment are crucial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 7","pages":"Article 503201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148651577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building a national collaborative network for developing randomized clinical trials on infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance: A survey in Spanish hospitals","authors":"Marcela Salazar-Moscoso,&nbsp;Maria Giulia Caponcello,&nbsp;Patricia Cosano-Pérez,&nbsp;Paula Olivares-Navarro,&nbsp;Francesco Cogliati-Dezza,&nbsp;Lydia Barrera,&nbsp;Virginia Palomo,&nbsp;Pilar Retamar-Gentil,&nbsp;Jose Ramón Arribas López,&nbsp;Alberto Manuel Borobia Pérez,&nbsp;Alberto Moreno Conde,&nbsp;Jesús Moreno Conde,&nbsp;Isabela Alonso-González,&nbsp;Jesús Oteo-Iglesias,&nbsp;Julián Torre-Cisneros,&nbsp;Juan P. Horcajada,&nbsp;Jesús Rodríguez-Baño","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health challenge. Clinical trials are essential for evaluating novel and alternative therapeutic strategies. However, conducting randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in infectious diseases faces regulatory, logistical, and financial barriers, as well as challenges in patient recruitment. Collaborative research networks have demonstrated their effectiveness in overcoming these limitations. This study evaluates the capacity of Spanish medical centers to participate in RCTs on infectious diseases and AMR.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A structured feasibility survey was developed to assess infrastructure, research experience, patient recruitment potential, and willingness to collaborate in Spanish hospitals. Responses were collected using the REDCap platform and analyzed using Microsoft Excel, with results expressed as percentages.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 90 centers contacted, 65 centers from 17 autonomous communities responded. The majority (78.5%) had dedicated infectious disease departments or units, and 36.9% reported over 1000 annual hospital admissions for infectious diseases. Research experience was strongest in antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative (84.6%) and Gram-positive bacteria (78.5%). Phase II–IV RCTs were the most conducted trials, predominantly funded by private sources. While 75.4% of centers reported available human resources for research, specialized roles such as project managers (18.5%) and monitors (12.3%) were less common. Notably, 90% of centers expressed willingness to participate in a collaborative network for conducting unfunded RCTs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results highlight Spain's strong research infrastructure and expertise in infectious diseases, providing a solid foundation for establishing a national collaborative clinical trials network. However, variations in specialized research personnel and the low frequency of academic trials indicate areas for improvement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 7","pages":"Article 503205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148651579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent women and pelvic inflammatory disease – Do we know their importance?","authors":"Irene Mingueza,&nbsp;Jimena Pérez-Moreno,&nbsp;Paula Cabrera,&nbsp;Inés Ojeda,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Brincau,&nbsp;Javier López,&nbsp;María del Carmen Viñuela-Benéitez,&nbsp;María Palomo,&nbsp;Francisco Braojos,&nbsp;Arantxa Berzosa,&nbsp;María Luisa Navarro","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The rising incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is a global public health problem. STIs in adolescent women can be complicated by the development of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics and management of cases of PID in women under 18 years of age.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective, multicentre study was designed in which all STIs diagnosed in two tertiary hospitals in Spain between January 2016 and December 2022 were included.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 100 adolescent women diagnosed with an STI during the period studied. Among them, 26% (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->26) developed PID (95% CI 17.4%–34.6%). The median age at PID diagnosis was 17 years old [IQR 15–18]. All patients with PID consulted for the presence of symptoms. The most frequent form of presentation was abdominal pain (77%), pelvic pain (31%), abnormal vaginal discharge (19%) and fever (15%). Sixteen <em>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</em> (62%) and fifteen <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em> (58%) infections were detected. Among them, six (23%) were co-infections. Imaging was performed in 92% of patients and was abnormal in 77% of them. Most patients were admitted to the hospital (77%). All of them received combined empirical antibiotic therapy. The acute complication rate was 42%. Outpatient follow-up was performed in 73% of the adolescents. A new STI was reported in 8% of them.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A high suspicion of PID is necessary in any adolescent woman who engages in unprotected vaginal sex and presented non-specific abdominal pain, especially if does not response to usual treatment or evolve unfavourably.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 7","pages":"Article 503202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148651633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syndromic panels in critically ill pneumonia: beyond diagnosis","authors":"Francisco Javier Candel,&nbsp;Cruz Soriano,&nbsp;Ángel Estella","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503227","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 7","pages":"Article 503227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abdominal pain after a prolonged stay in the Brazilian Amazon: Contribution of molecular biology to etiological diagnosis","authors":"Manuel Gil-Mosquera,&nbsp;Ana Riesgo Gil,&nbsp;Ana Benítez-López,&nbsp;Mario Fernández-Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 7","pages":"Article 503200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148254188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"actHIVa Cataluña: Consensus to improve comprehensive care and long-term quality of life for vulnerable people living with HIV in Catalonia","authors":"Josep Maria Guiu Segura,&nbsp;Arkaitz Imaz,&nbsp;Xavier Espada-Trespalacios,&nbsp;Alejandro García-Lorenzo,&nbsp;Virginia García López,&nbsp;Roberto Güerri-Fernández,&nbsp;Juanse Hernández-Fernández,&nbsp;Roger Llobet,&nbsp;Rosa Mansilla,&nbsp;Montserrat Masip,&nbsp;Nuria Massana,&nbsp;Marta Navarro-Vilasaró,&nbsp;Eugènia Negredo,&nbsp;Assumpta Ricart,&nbsp;Nuria Rudi Sola,&nbsp;Joan Colom","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>People living with HIV (PLHIV) in situations of vulnerability in Catalonia, including those born outside Spain, at risk of social exclusion, or older adults, face greater barriers related to social determinants, mental health, stigma, and clinical complexity, which affect their adherence to ART and continuity of care. ActHIVa Cataluña was created with the objective of identifying strategic priorities, aligned with the Pla d’acció enfront del VIH i altres ITS 2021–2030, aimed at improving their comprehensive care and long-term quality of life.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A multidisciplinary group of 16 experts was convened to identify and prioritise lines of action through consensus, alongside conducting a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) to evaluate the potential impacts on health and equity of the proposed actions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twelve actions were agreed upon and grouped into four strategic objectives: early detection of risk determinants; assessment of quality of life and comprehensive care; strengthening of sociosanitary coordination; and involvement of PLHIV in decision-making. In a second phase, an HIA of the prioritized initiatives was carried out to estimate their potential effects on population health from an equity perspective.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results highlight the potential of the proposed actions to strengthen comprehensive care and improve the quality of life of vulnerable PLHIV, enhancing their ART adherence and continuity of care, and supporting progress toward a more equitable, person-centred, and sustainable care model in Catalonia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 7","pages":"Article 503218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home based intravenous antimicrobial therapy in immunocompromised patients. Limited clinical success?","authors":"Manuel Poyato-Borrego,&nbsp;José Miguel Cisneros-Herreros","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503184","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 7","pages":"Article 503184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148240822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}