Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)最新文献

{"title":"Comprehensive surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility across adult and pediatric populations in Catalonia: Insights from community, hospital, and long-term care facility settings","authors":"Nieves Larrosa ,&nbsp;Montserrat Giménez ,&nbsp;Mónica Ballestero-Téllez ,&nbsp;Sergi Hernández ,&nbsp;Alexander Almendral ,&nbsp;Juan P. Horcajada ,&nbsp;Susana Melendo ,&nbsp;M Pilar García ,&nbsp;Albert Boada ,&nbsp;Enric Limón ,&nbsp;Miquel Pujol ,&nbsp;on behalf of the microbiologists of the participating laboratories in VINCat-PROA","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study presents comprehensive data on antimicrobial susceptibility across healthcare settings and age groups in Catalonia, Spain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Susceptibility data were collected from 37 microbiology laboratories between 2020 and 2022 for community-acquired infections (CAIs), and 2021 and 2022 for hospital and long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Susceptibility was calculated based on the proportion of susceptible strains among the total strains.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pediatrics: Community-acquired infections (CAIs): in urinary tract infections (UTIs), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production (ESBL-P) <em>Escherichia coli</em> was 3.8%. <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> was highly susceptible to penicillins (97.5%). Community-acquired methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> was 6.8%. Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs): ESBL-P in <em>E. coli</em> and <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> were 6.7% and 9.4%. Carbapenem resistance in <em>Enterobacter cloacae</em> complex was less than 1%. Extremely drug-resistant <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> was 1.6%.</div></div><div><h3>Adults</h3><div>CAIs: In UTIs, <em>E. coli</em> showed high susceptibility to fosfomycin (&gt;95%) and 9% of ESBL-P. In respiratory tract infections, <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> exhibited reduced susceptibility to macrolides (67%) and clindamycin (75.1%), while <em>Haemophilus influenzae</em> and <em>S. pneumoniae</em> remained susceptible to penicillins (78% and 96%). HAIs: <em>E. coli</em> showed 12.8% of ESBL-P and <em>K. pneumoniae</em> 20%. Carbapenem resistance was mainly identified in <em>E. cloacae</em> (2.8%) and <em>K. pneumoniae</em> (2.2%). <em>P. aeruginosa</em> showed high susceptibility to meropenem (87%). Methicillin-resistance was detected in 22% of <em>S. aureus</em>.</div><div>Long-term care facilities (LTCFs): <em>E. coli</em> causing UTI was highly susceptible to carbapenems (99%), nitrofurantoin (96%), and fosfomycin (93%) with 25.8% of ESBL-P. <em>K. pneumoniae</em> showed 40% ESBL-P and 2.9% of carbapenem resistance. <em>P. aeruginosa</em> exhibited decreased susceptibility to quinolones (69.5%) and highly susceptibility to meropenem (88.5%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The data underscore the necessity of stratified susceptibility reports by setting, type of infection, and age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages S80-S89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fresh frozen plasma for neutralizing SARS-CoV-2: “An exploratory cross-sectional study and review of the state of the art”","authors":"Marcial Delgado-Fernández ,&nbsp;Juan Diego Ruiz-Mesa ,&nbsp;Almudena Rojas-González ,&nbsp;Gracia Mar García-Gemar ,&nbsp;Ana Fuentes-López ,&nbsp;Adolfo de Salazar-González ,&nbsp;Federico García-García","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Restitution of humoral immunodeficiency is essential to clear SARS-CoV-2. Intravenous unspecific immunoglobulins are expensive and restricted. So recently donated fresh frozen plasma (FFP) could be useful in this scenario but, are all units neutralizing against SARS-CoV-2?</div><div>We explored this on 52 donations obtained from “Centro de Transfusión, Tejidos y Células de Málaga, Spain”, from April to June 2022. Donors status about SARS-CoV-2 previous infection or vaccination was unknown. Neutralizing activity (at dilutions<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->1/160) against real Delta (not circulating), BA.2 (dominant circulating variant), BA.5 (irrupting variant), and BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5 (not circulating yet) was determined.</div><div>Higher anti-Spike IgG antibodies cut-offs predicted efficacy of FFP. Different cut-offs have been reported in the literature, but all papers have in common that levels over the higher range of quantification can predict neutralizing activity of recently donated FFP against circulating variants of concern, if used early after donation, not requiring clinical data from donors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 5","pages":"Pages 282-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proptosis and head circumference enlargement during puerperium","authors":"Lucía Guillén Zafra ,&nbsp;Pedro Manuel García-Ceberino ,&nbsp;Diana Alejandra Pantoja Pachajoa ,&nbsp;Juan José Pomares Pomares","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 5","pages":"Pages 293-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ghost fly attacks unseen","authors":"Yolanda García Gambín ,&nbsp;María Asunción Iborra-Bendicho ,&nbsp;Laura Moreno Parrado ,&nbsp;Manuel Segovia-Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 5","pages":"Pages 299-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143371180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis mimicking Kaposi’s sarcoma in an HIV patient","authors":"Diego de la Vega Ruiz ,&nbsp;María Uxúa Floristán Muruzábal ,&nbsp;Fernando Javier Pinedo Moraleda ,&nbsp;María Velasco Arribas","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 5","pages":"Pages 304-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveillance of surgical site infections among caesarean section in VINCat hospitals: Results from 2008 to 2022","authors":"Ma Pilar Barrufet ,&nbsp;Alexander Almendral ,&nbsp;Àngels Garcia ,&nbsp;Oscar del Rio ,&nbsp;Carme Agusti ,&nbsp;Leonor Invernon ,&nbsp;David Coroleu ,&nbsp;Enric Limón ,&nbsp;Miquel Pujol ,&nbsp;members of VINCat caesarean section SSI surveillance","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The VINCat programme focuses on monitoring surgical site infections (SSI) in caesarean sections (CS) performed across affiliated hospitals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included CS performed from 2008 to 2022, with a follow-up of 30 days after the intervention. The analysis of cumulative incidence rate of SSI was stratified into three 5-year periods (Periods 1–3). SSI was defined according to the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) classification. SSI surveillance was carried out in accordance with the methodology established by the VINCat programme.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2008 to 2022, 36,387 CS were surveyed at 34 hospitals: 13,502 in Period 1, 12,985 in Period 2 and 9900 in Period 3. The mean age was 33 years. Overall, SSI incidence fell from 3.81% in Period 1 to 2.66% in Period 3 (rho<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.838; <em>p<!--> </em>&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001). Superficial SSI decreased from 3.1% in Period 1 to 2.15% in Period 3 (rho<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.795; <em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001). The rate of organ-space SSI remained consistent across all three periods, maintaining a rate of 0.27 (rho<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.092; <em>p<!--> </em>=<!--> <!-->0.745). Culture was performed in 58.9% of infections. The microorganisms most frequently identified were <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (20.64%), Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (13.52%), and <em>Escherichia coli</em> (11.27%). Antibiotic prophylaxis was appropriate in 73.76% of the procedures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Appropriate monitoring of post-CS SSI rates allows the implementation of preventive measures to reduce their incidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages S37-S43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in antimicrobial consumption at 72 adult and pediatric hospitals in Catalonia. Results of the VINCat Program 2008–2022","authors":"Ariadna Padullés ,&nbsp;Sergi Hernàndez ,&nbsp;Aurora Fernández-Polo ,&nbsp;Santi Grau ,&nbsp;Alexander Almendral ,&nbsp;Susana Melendo ,&nbsp;Enric Limón ,&nbsp;Miquel Pujol ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Horcajada ,&nbsp;on behalf of VINCat-PROA Hospital, Pediatric Group, Pharmacy Department members of the participating hospitals in VINCat-PROA","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) monitor antimicrobial consumption and implement interventions in order to improve their use. Here, we analyze the trends in antimicrobial consumption at hospitals participating in the VINCat Program over a 15-year period in Catalonia, Spain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a time-series analysis of systemic antimicrobial consumption in both adult and pediatric populations across 72 acute care centers. The annual measurement of systemic antibiotic and antifungal use was conducted using defined daily dose (DDD) in adults and days of therapy (DOT) in children. To analyze trends in antimicrobial use, we considered the annual consumption defined in DDD or DOT per 100 patient-days.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall adult consumption (2008–2022) of antimicrobials, antibiotics, and antifungals averaged 73.54, 70.08, and 3.46 DDD/100 patient-days respectively. There was a significant increase in overall antimicrobial (rho<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.554; <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.035) and also in antifungal (rho<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.657; <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.01) consumption during the study period. Antibiotic consumption showed an upward trend in the first period followed by an unchanged consumption in the following years (rho<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.482; <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.071). Penicillins were the most frequently used (33.5%), followed by cephalosporins (18.2%), quinolones (13.9%), and other systemic antibacterials (10.8%) and antifungals (4.7%). Pediatric consumption was analyzed between 2020 and 2022. Overall, antimicrobial, antibiotic, and antifungal use in this population averaged 60.04, 53.47, and 6.57<!--> <!-->DOT/100 patient-days respectively. As in adults, in children penicillins were the most used family (34.3%); within this group, penicillin combinations with beta-lactamase inhibitors (21.1%) were the most used, followed by cephalosporins (19.3%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Participation on the VINCat Program was high at both adult and pediatric hospitals. Fifteen-year trends showed a significant increase in overall antimicrobial consumption in adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages S69-S79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in point-prevalence studies of healthcare associated infections in long-term care facilities: A nationwide surveillance program in Catalonia, Spain (2013–2022)","authors":"M.ª Pilar Garcia ,&nbsp;Olga Vázquez ,&nbsp;Julio Duran ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Horcajada ,&nbsp;Alexander Almendral ,&nbsp;Rosario Porrón ,&nbsp;Enric Limón ,&nbsp;Miquel Pujol ,&nbsp;on behalf of VINCat Programme Long-Term Care Facilities Prevalence Point Survey group","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>From 2013 to 2022, annual point-prevalence studies (PPS) of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) were conducted in 97 long-term care facilities (LTCF) within the VINCat Program in Catalonia, Spain. The objective was to analyze trends in HAIs and antibiotic use to evaluate the burden of HAIs in this setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We compare PPS data from two 5-year periods. Period 1 (2013–2017) involving 50,378 residents and period 2 (2018–2022) involving 65,997 residents. Variables included demographic characteristics, patient conditions, medical devices on the day of PPS and recent surgery. Source of HAI, causative microorganisms, antibiotics and indication were recorded. HAIs were defined according to ECDC criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 116,375 residents were included, median age of 82 years (range: 73–88), 56.7% female. Although severe dependency was more common in period 1, the presence of vascular and urinary catheters increased in period 2. Overall, 9943 (8.5%) residents had one or more HAIs. The HAI prevalence rate significantly decreased from 9.3% in period 1 to 8% in period 2, being urinary tract infections the most prevalent HAI in both periods, followed by respiratory tract infections. <em>Escherichia coli</em> was the most frequently identified microorganism. No significant differences in the prevalence of antibiotic use between periods (11.8 vs 12.1 respectively) were found, although there was a shift toward more targeted prescriptions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite a significant reduction over the study period, the prevalence of HAIs remains high in LTCFs of Catalonia, affecting 8% of residents. Implementation of infection prevention and control interventions are highly required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages S11-S18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"19 years of VINCat program: Exploring the past, present, and future of infection prevention in Catalonia","authors":"Miquel Pujol ,&nbsp;Enric Limón","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.12.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 ","pages":"Pages S1-S2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and oxidative balance score in patients with tuberculosis infection","authors":"Yan Yong,&nbsp;Li-hong Zhou,&nbsp;Sheng-ya Yang,&nbsp;Xiao-qin Ran,&nbsp;Qing-shan Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous study had reported the imbalance of pro- and anti-oxidants in tuberculosis (TB), which was involved in the TB progression. This study aimed to identify the key oxidative stress indicator associated with oxidative balance in patients with TB infection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Overall, 339 participants with TB were included in this study. The oxidative balance score (OBS) was composed of scores of dietary and lifestyle factors. Trend regression analysis, generalized additive model, polynomial regression, and threshold effect analysis, were used to examine the relationship between the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 25(OH)D3 and OBS. Moreover, the correlation between serum 25(OH)D3 and OBS components was explored via Pearson analysis, and mediation analysis was used to explore the function of OBS components.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Linear regression analysis showed that among 6 oxidative stress indicators, only serum 25(OH)D3 was independently related to the OBS. A positive association between them was then found (<em>P</em> for trend<!--> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05) in a non-linear relationship (all <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05). The 25(OH)D3 concentration of 51.9<!--> <!-->nmol/L was identified as the key turning point by threshold effect analysis, and their association was only found when it &lt;51.9<!--> <!-->nmol/L. Further, we revealed that 25(OH)D3 mainly correlated with 2 OBS components including BMI and riboflavin. Moreover, BMI and riboflavin were found to mediate the association of serum 25(OH)D3 with OBS by mediation analysis (all <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In summary, our study revealed relationship between the serum 25(OH)D3 and OBS in patients with TB, which provided a piece of evidence that vitamin D can assist the treatment of TB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 5","pages":"Pages 260-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}