Addiction Biology最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Cigarette Smoking and 3-Day Smoking Abstinence on Translocator Protein 18 kDa Availability: A [18F]FEPPA Positron Emission Tomography Study","authors":"Arthur L. Brody,&nbsp;Andre Y. Sanavi,&nbsp;Renee Beverly-Aylwin,&nbsp;Natalie Guggino,&nbsp;Anna K. Mischel,&nbsp;Alvin Wong,&nbsp;Ji Hye Bahn,&nbsp;Mark G. Myers,&nbsp;Brinda Rana,&nbsp;David Vera,&nbsp;Kishore K. Kotta,&nbsp;Jeffrey H. Meyer,&nbsp;Jared W. Young,&nbsp;Carl K. Hoh","doi":"10.1111/adb.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the many negative health consequences of cigarette smoking, quitting is known to improve health in multiple domains. Using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning, our group previously demonstrated that smokers have lower levels than nonsmokers of translocator protein binding both acutely and following overnight abstinence. Here, we sought to determine the effects of longer smoking abstinence on this marker of gliosis for microglia and astroglia, as well as explore associations between the marker and smoking-related symptoms. This observational study was performed in an academic VA medical centre. Fifty-nine generally healthy Veterans who were either nonsmokers (<i>n</i> = 15) or smokers (<i>n</i> = 44) participated in the study. Participants completed an intake visit to evaluate for inclusion/exclusion criteria, [¹⁸F]FEPPA PET/CT scanning and a structural magnetic resonance imaging scan. Smokers were alternately assigned either to smoke to satiety (<i>n</i> = 24) before scanning or undergo three nights of continuous abstinence prior to scanning using contingency management (<i>n</i> = 20 completed this protocol and scanning). The smoker satiety group had a significantly lower mean whole brain (WB) standardized uptake value (SUV) for [¹⁸F]FEPPA binding than both the nonsmoking (−15.3%) and abstinent smoker (−12.3%) groups. The nonsmoking control and abstinent smoker groups had mean WB SUVs that were not significantly different from one another (3.0% group difference). In an exploratory analysis, a significant inverse relationship was found between WB SUVs and mood ratings for smokers, indicating that higher levels of TSPO binding were associated with worse mood. The central findings here support previous studies demonstrating lower levels of the marker for gliosis in satiated smokers and imply normalization with elimination of cigarette smoke constituents from the body, although other explanations for study results (e.g., alterations in radioligand delivery or clearance of radioligand by cigarette smoke constituents) are possible. These findings may represent a previously unknown health benefit of quitting smoking.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Restores Cognitive Impairment in Morphine-Withdrawn Rats: Role of BDNF and Glial Cells in the Hippocampus","authors":"Somayeh Nazari,&nbsp;Saba Niknamfar,&nbsp;Hamed Ghazvini,&nbsp;Raheleh Rafaiee,&nbsp;Armin Allahverdy,&nbsp;Habibolah Khazaie,&nbsp;Seyedeh Masoumeh Seyedhosseini Tamijani","doi":"10.1111/adb.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a significant mental health problem, with prolonged usage potentially resulting in tolerance, addiction and cognitive decline, including learning and memory deficiency. At present, pharmacotherapy serves as the primary treatment approach for OUD. However, despite its status as a cornerstone of treatment, pharmacotherapy has certain limitations, thereby mandating the exploration of alternative modalities. This study evaluated the efficacy of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in multiple cognitive domains in morphine-withdrawn rats. To induce morphine dependence, the rats were administered 10 mg/kg morphine for 10 consecutive days. taVNS was administered to the left ear of each rat and continued for 2 weeks. After electrical stimulation, various cognitive and emotional functions were assessed through related behavioural tasks, including open field, Y-maze, novel object recognition and elevated plus maze tests. GFAP, Iba1 and BDNF expression levels in the hippocampus were determined via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Our investigation revealed that taVNS ameliorated the impairment of working and recognition memory induced by morphine in behavioural tests. Additionally, it exerts an anxiolytic effect. Moreover, taVNS counteracted the decreased concentration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and elevated levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) caused by morphine. Nonetheless, taVNS applied only at a frequency of 100 Hz has the potential to lower Iba1 levels independently of prior exposure to morphine. taVNS has been shown to exert a neuroprotective effect on morphine-withdrawn rats. This outcome indicates that taVNS can be employed as a supplementary therapy with other pharmacological interventions for OUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Matter Differences in Early-Stage Alcohol Use Disorder: Diffusion Tensor and Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Measures of Structural Integrity","authors":"Sunderland K. Baker,&nbsp;Eric D. Claus","doi":"10.1111/adb.70019","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adb.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Background. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is prevalent during young adulthood, and this risk may be linked to aberrations in neurodevelopmental processes. Prior studies examining white matter (WM) integrity in young adult individuals with AUD have shown considerable variability. This is due in part because traditional tensor related metrics such as fractional anisotropy are subject to limitations in estimation precision at sites of crossing or curving fibres. In response, to better understand differences in WM integrity of young adults with AUD, this study sought to uniquely employ two WM integrity measurement domains. Methods. Twenty-five participants (<i>n =</i> 14 female) diagnosed with AUD and 33 social drinkers (<i>n =</i> 19 female) underwent structural and diffusion-weighted imaging. Diffusion-weighted images were processed to extract diffusion tensor (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density (NODDI) metrics in major WM tracts for comparison between the two groups. Results. We identified decreased axial diffusivity in portions of frontolimbic and corticostriatal WM tracts, and increased orientation dispersion at overlapping tracts in participants with AUD relative to social drinkers. Conclusions. These results may represent early-stage neural immune system activation and axonal reorganization targeting frontolimbic and corticostriatal WM tracts, therein associated with behaviours linked to AUD. This is the first study combining DTI and NODDI metrics to identify early-stage indicators of alcohol-related neurobiological pathology in young adults with AUD compared to social drinkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystallin Alpha B Inhibits Cocaine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference via the Modulation of Dopaminergic Neurotransmission","authors":"Sun Mi Gu,&nbsp;Daejin Park,&nbsp;Sowoon Seo,&nbsp;Sanghyeon Kim,&nbsp;Young Eun Kim,&nbsp;Maree J. Webster,&nbsp;Heejong Eom,&nbsp;Dohyun Lee,&nbsp;Jin Tae Hong,&nbsp;Sang-Bae Han,&nbsp;Hye Jin Cha,&nbsp;Jaesuk Yun","doi":"10.1111/adb.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nonneuronal cells mediate neurotransmission and drug addiction. However, the role of oligodendrocytes in stress-induced cocaine relapses remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of the oligodendrocyte-abundant molecule crystallin alpha B (CRYAB) in cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) relapsed by restraint stress. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to identify oligodendrocytes and stress-associated molecules in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) of both drug users and cocaine-treated animals. Further, we studied which cell subtypes in the brain express CRYAB. The effects of stress hormones and cocaine on CRYAB expression were evaluated in vitro in human oligodendrocytes. CRYAB is upregulated in the NAcc of both cocaine-treated animals and drug users. CRYAB levels in the NAcc of mice increased during CPP development but decreased following stress-induced relapse. Interestingly, CRYAB is expressed in oligodendrocytes in the NAcc of mice. Extracellular CRYAB levels are regulated by cocaine and stress hormone treatments in oligodendrocyte cultures. Dopamine levels in the NAcc and CPP development of CPP are significantly increased by cocaine in CRYAB knockout (KO) mice. Further, we demonstrated that CRYAB binds to the excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) in the NAcc of mice treated with cocaine. We suggest that oligodendrocyte-derived CRYAB regulates dopamine neurotransmission and stress-evoked cocaine reward behaviour via the modulation of EAAT2 in the NAcc.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Epigenetic and Sex Differences in Opioid Use Disorder in Chronic Pain: A Real-World Study Linked With OPRM1 DNA Methylation”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/adb.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Agulló, L.</span>, <span>Escorial, M.</span>, <span>Orutño, S.</span>, <span>Muriel, J.</span>, <span>Sandoval, J.</span>, <span>Margarit, C.</span>, &amp; <span>Peiró, A. M.</span> (<span>2024</span>). <span>Epigenetic and Sex Differences in Opioid Use Disorder in Chronic Pain: A Real-World Study Linked With OPRM1 DNA Methylation</span>. <i>Addiction Biology</i>, <span>29</span>(<span>7</span>), e13422.\u0000 </p><p>The correct name of one of the authors is Samanta Ortuño-Miquel, not Samantha Orutño as it is currently presented.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Cerebellar and Lateral Frontoparietal Networks are altered in CUD: An SBM Analysis","authors":"Elena Lacomba-Arnau,&nbsp;Agustín Martínez-Molina,&nbsp;Alfonso Barrós-Loscertales","doi":"10.1111/adb.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Repetitive drug use results in enduring structural and functional changes in the brain. Addiction research has consistently revealed significant modifications in key brain networks related to reward, habit, salience, executive function, memory and self-regulation. Techniques like Voxel-based Morphometry have highlighted large-scale structural differences in grey matter across distinct groups. Source-based Morphometry (SBM) takes this a step further by incorporating the Independent Component Analysis to detect shared patterns of grey matter variation, all without requiring prior selection of regions of interest. However, SBM has yet to be employed in the study of structural alteration patterns related to cocaine addiction. Therefore, we performed this analysis to explore alterations in structural covariance specific to cocaine addiction. Our study involved 40 individuals diagnosed with Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) and 40 matched healthy controls. Participants with CUD completed clinical questionnaires assessing the severity of their dependence and other relevant clinical variables. Following the adjustment for age-related effects, we observed notable disparities between groups in two structural independent components, which we identified as the structural cerebellar network and the structural lateral frontoparietal network, which display opposing trends. Specifically, the individuals with CUD exhibited a heightened contribution to the cerebellar network but simultaneously demonstrated a reduced contribution to the lateral frontoparietal network compared to the healthy controls. These findings unveil distinctive covariance patterns of neuroregulation linked with cocaine addiction, which indicates an interruption in the typical structural development in an affected lateral frontoparietal network, while suggesting an extended pattern of neuroregulation within the cerebellar network in individuals with CUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Does Not Change Implicit Associations Against Alcohol in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Preregistered Clinical Trial","authors":"Tobias Schwippel,&nbsp;Philipp A. Schroeder,&nbsp;Janik Philipp,&nbsp;Simone Weller,&nbsp;Christian Plewnia","doi":"10.1111/adb.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Addictive behaviour is shaped by the dynamic interaction of implicit, bottom-up and explicit, top-down cognitive processes. In alcohol use disorder (AUD), implicit alcohol-related associations have been shown to predict increased subsequent alcohol consumption and are linked to the risk of relapse. Explicit cognitive processes, exerting prefrontal top-down control, are particularly significant during the critical period following the decision to abstain. This study aims to map implicit and explicit cognitive processes in recently abstinent individuals with AUD and to explore the effect of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on implicit associations by modulating top-down control. In this preregistered, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial, 30 abstinent individuals with AUD participated in two experimental sessions. They received either 2 mA cathodal tDCS to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) or sham tDCS in a crossover design. During tDCS, participants completed the alcohol approach implicit association test (IAT) and the drinking identity IAT, along with two control tasks. Additionally, we collected explicit ratings of the IAT stimuli and assessed craving before and after each experimental session. Preregistered ANOVAs revealed significant implicit alcohol–avoidance and non–drinking identity biases. Cathodal tDCS did not modulate IAT scores. Explicit ratings showed a preference for non-alcoholic drinks and non-drinking identity, correlating moderately with IAT scores. Exploratory analyses indicated that cathodal tDCS mitigated the increase in nicotine craving during the experimental session. This preregistered clinical trial provides robust evidence that single-session cathodal tDCS to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex does not modulate implicit associations in AUD, with Bayesian analyses corroborating the absence of tDCS effects. Our results emphasize the impact of contextual factors on the interplay between explicit and implicit cognitive processes and underscore the importance of investigating multisession stimulation paradigms in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treadmill Exercise Training Ameliorates Apoptotic Cells and DNA Oxidation in the Cerebral Cortex of Rats Exposed to Chronic Ketamine Abuse","authors":"Salar Sabziparvar,&nbsp;Kazem Khodaei,&nbsp;Javad Tolouei Azar","doi":"10.1111/adb.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ketamine abuse damages brain function and structure, increasing reactive oxygen species and apoptosis in the cerebral cortex, but moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) can enhance antioxidant defences and reduce apoptosis. Therefore, we aimed to answer whether MICT can reduce the side effects of chronic ketamine abuse.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>24 Wistar rats were split into control (CON), ketamine abuse (KET), exercise after ketamine withdrawal (KET + EX), and non-intervention ketamine withdrawal (KET + WD) groups. Ketamine intervention groups received 50 mg/kg/day ketamine for 8 weeks; KET + EX underwent 5 MICT sessions/week at 60–75% VO2max for 8 weeks post-withdrawal. Post-sampling of cerebral cortex, we evaluated histological changes, apoptotic cell numbers, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 mRNA/protein, 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (OXO) expression, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR) mRNA and other oxidative stress and antioxidant markers levels. Effect sizes (ES) were used to assess group differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MICT significantly reduced apoptotic cells (ES = 14.24, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), decreased Bax and caspase-3 protein expression, and increased Bcl-2 compared to the KET group (Bax: ES = 2.77, <i>p</i> = 0.005; caspase-3: ES = 7.73, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001; Bcl-2: ES = 12.11, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). It also lowered Bax and caspase-3 mRNA (Bax: ES = 4, <i>p</i> = 0.014; caspase-3: ES = 2.29, <i>p</i> = 0.024). MICT reduced OXO and increased GR and GPX mRNA and nitric oxide (NO) level (GR: ES = 2.02, <i>p</i> = 0.016; GPX: ES = 1.98, <i>p</i> = 0.035; OXO: ES = 11.39, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001; NO: ES = 3.52, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Levels of malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase remained unchanged between groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MICT seems effective in reducing apoptosis and oxidative damage in the cerebral cortex of rats with long-term ketamine abuse.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevance of Probabilistic Reversal Learning for Adolescent Drinking Trajectories","authors":"Juliane H. Fröhner,&nbsp;Maria Waltmann,&nbsp;Andrea M. F. Reiter,&nbsp;Anja Kräplin,&nbsp;Michael N. Smolka","doi":"10.1111/adb.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the many human capabilities acquired during adolescence is the adaptivity in changing environments. In this longitudinal study, we investigated this adaptivity, as measured by probabilistic reversal learning (PReL) tasks, in <i>N</i> = 143 adolescents at ages 14, 16 and 18. Computational modelling and functional magnetic resonance imaging were applied to identify the neurocognitive processes underlying reversal learning and its development. Previous studies have demonstrated a correlation between heavy alcohol use and impaired reversal learning. Our hypothesis was that PReL is negatively associated with current and future alcohol use and that alcohol use impairs PReL by altering neurocognitive processes. Behaviourally, PReL performance improved, which was associated with a lower probability of switching choices and was considered an adaptive process. Computationally, this was accounted for by higher learning rates, enhanced sensitivity to wins and reduced sensitivity to losses in older adolescents. Alcohol consumption increased but remained at a low level for most participants. More risky drinking was associated with less medial frontal activity elicited by reward prediction errors. These findings suggest that reversal learning may be more relevant for the maintenance or escalation of risky than for low-level drinking. Challenges and potential solutions for longitudinal studies such as reliability are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered Functional Connectivity Dynamics Serving Cognitive Flexibility in Regular Cannabis Users","authors":"Kellen M. McDonald,&nbsp;Mikki Schantell,&nbsp;Jason A. John,&nbsp;Anna T. Coutant,&nbsp;Ryan Glesinger,&nbsp;Lucy K. Horne,&nbsp;Hannah J. Okelberry,&nbsp;Seth D. Springer,&nbsp;Christine M. Embury,&nbsp;Yasra Arif,&nbsp;Tony W. Wilson","doi":"10.1111/adb.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite its widespread use and popularity, cannabis is known to impact higher order cognitive processes such as attention and executive function. However, far less is known about the impact of chronic cannabis use on cognitive flexibility, a component of executive function, and this is especially true for the underlying functional connectivity dynamics. To address this, we enrolled 25 chronic cannabis users and 30 demographically matched non-users who completed an interview probing current and past substance use, a urinalysis to confirm self-reported substance use and a task-switch cognitive paradigm during magnetoencephalography (MEG). Time-frequency windows of interest were identified using a data-driven statistical approach, and spectrally specific neural oscillatory responses were imaged using a beamformer. The resulting maps were grand-averaged across all participants and conditions, and the peak voxels in these maps of neural oscillatory activity were used as seeds to compute connectivity using a whole-brain cortical-coherence approach. Whole-brain neural switch cost connectivity maps were then computed by subtracting the connectivity map for the no-switch condition from that of the switch condition per participant. These switch cost functional connectivity maps were then correlated with the behavioural switch cost per group and probed for group differences in the neuro-behavioural associations. Our behavioural results indicated that all participants had slower reaction times during switch compared to no-switch trials. Regarding the MEG data, cannabis users exhibited altered associations between functional connectivity switch costs and behavioural switch costs along pathways connecting visual cortices and regions in the ventral attention network, within the theta, alpha and gamma frequency ranges. These results indicate modified multispectral associations between functional connectivity and behavioural switch costs among visual cortices and key brain regions underlying executive function in cannabis users.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}