Physics in Perspective最新文献_第6页

Enrico Fermi’s Discovery of Neutron-Induced Artificial Radioactivity: A Case of “Emanation” from “Divine Providence” 恩里科·费米发现中子诱导的人工放射性:一个来自“神意”的“散发”案例

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Physics in Perspective Pub Date : 2020-07-06 DOI: 10.1007/s00016-020-00258-w

Francesco Guerra, Matteo Leone, Nadia Robotti

引用次数: 1

Don’t Be Like Ike 不要像艾克那样

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Physics in Perspective Pub Date : 2020-06-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00016-020-00257-x

Robert P. Crease, Joseph D. Martin, Richard Staley

引用次数: 0

The Battle of the Astronomers: Johann Adam Schall von Bell and Ferdinand Verbiest at the Court of the Celestial Emperors (1660–1670) 天文学家之战:约翰·亚当·沙尔·冯·贝尔和费迪南德·韦尔比斯特在天庭上(1660-1670)

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Physics in Perspective Pub Date : 2020-06-02 DOI: 10.1007/s00016-020-00254-0

Stefano Salvia

{"title":"The Battle of the Astronomers: Johann Adam Schall von Bell and Ferdinand Verbiest at the Court of the Celestial Emperors (1660–1670)","authors":"Stefano Salvia","doi":"10.1007/s00016-020-00254-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00016-020-00254-0","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is focused on the two most outstanding figures among the Jesuit missionaries in seventeenth-century China: Johann Adam Schall von Bell and Ferdinand Verbiest. Schall aimed to introduce the telescope into Chinese astronomy, which was traditionally based on naked-eye observation and calculation. With the advent of the Qing dynasty, he became head of the Mathematical Board and director of the Imperial Observatory. Verbiest was called upon in 1660 to assist Schall in his project of reforming the Chinese traditional calendar. The political situation changed in 1661, with the Empire ruled by a regency hostile to the Jesuits, as were most of the mandarins at the observatory. This was the difficult context of the famous dispute between Yang Guangxian, Wu Mingxuan, and the two Jesuit mathematicians to compare the merits of Western and Chinese astronomy, which lasted from 1664 to 1669. What happened was more than a scientific contest and a court conspiracy: it was a cultural confrontation between the Jesuits and the traditionalist side of the ruling elite, which regarded the Europeans and their increasing influence as a threat for the Empire.","PeriodicalId":727,"journal":{"name":"Physics in Perspective","volume":"22 2","pages":"81 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00016-020-00254-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4088699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

When Missionary Astronomy Encountered Chinese Astrology: Johann Adam Schall von Bell and Chinese Calendar Reform in the Seventeenth Century 当传教天文学遇到中国占星术:约翰·亚当·夏尔·冯·贝尔与17世纪中国历法改革

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Physics in Perspective Pub Date : 2020-05-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00016-020-00255-z

Liyuan Liu

{"title":"When Missionary Astronomy Encountered Chinese Astrology: Johann Adam Schall von Bell and Chinese Calendar Reform in the Seventeenth Century","authors":"Liyuan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00016-020-00255-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00016-020-00255-z","url":null,"abstract":"Western missionaries played an important role as go-betweens, promoting communication and interaction between Europe and China in science, culture, and religion. In 1644, the Qing government appointed the Germany Jesuit missionary Johann Adam Schall von Bell head of the Bureau of Astronomy, placing him in charge of reforming the Chinese calendar. In the traditional calendar, in addition to dates based on astronomical calculation, there were annotations attached to each day, which included auspicious and inauspicious days with advice on what to do in daily life according to Chinese astrology. Schall reformed the time arrangements with Western astronomical methods. However, he hoped to go further and proposed to change the annotations on the basis of Western natural astrology. Why did Schall choose to import Western astrology into Chinese astronomy, rather than simply sticking to astronomy? I argue that his views were influenced by both the attitudes of the Roman Catholic Church and the Aristotelianism scholarly tradition. The underlying tensions between Europe and China did not involve conflicts between science and pseudoscience, but between different religious beliefs, as well as different natural philosophies and cosmologies. The encounter of two radically different cultural traditions reflected the complicated relationship between science and belief from a global point of view.","PeriodicalId":727,"journal":{"name":"Physics in Perspective","volume":"22 2","pages":"110 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00016-020-00255-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4874766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Concept of Fact in German Physics around 1900: A Comparison between Mach and Einstein 1900年前后德国物理学中的事实概念:马赫与爱因斯坦之比较

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Physics in Perspective Pub Date : 2020-05-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00016-020-00256-y

Elske de Waal, Sjang L. ten Hagen

引用次数: 7

Recentering the History of Physics 重新进入物理学史

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Physics in Perspective Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00016-020-00253-1

Robert P. Crease, Joseph D. Martin, Richard Staley

引用次数: 1

In Europe 在欧洲

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Physics in Perspective Pub Date : 2020-03-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00016-020-00252-2

Jeroen van Dongen

{"title":"In Europe","authors":"Jeroen van Dongen","doi":"10.1007/s00016-020-00252-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00016-020-00252-2","url":null,"abstract":"As the History of Science Society, which is based in America, holds its annual meeting in Utrecht, one of the key academic centers on the European continent, one may surmise that the field has returned home. Yet, this hardly reflects how today’s world of scholarship is constituted: in the historiography of science, “provincializing Europe” has become an important theme, while the field itself, as is the case across the world of academia, is centered around a predominantly American literature. At the same time, ever since historians of science emancipated themselves from the sciences a long time ago, they often have appeared, in the public eye, to question rather than to seek to bolster the authority of the sciences. How has this situation come about, and what does it tell us about the world we live in today? What insight is sought and what public benefit is gained by the historical study of science? As we try to answer these questions, we will follow a number of key mid-twentieth-century historians—Eduard Dijksterhuis, Thomas Kuhn, and Martin Klein—in their Atlantic crossings. Their answers to debates on the constitution of the early modern scientific revolution or the novelty of the work of Max Planck will illustrate how notions of “center” and “periphery” have shifted—and what that may tell us about being “in Europe” today.","PeriodicalId":727,"journal":{"name":"Physics in Perspective","volume":"22 1","pages":"3 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00016-020-00252-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4132483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“It’s better to forget physics”: The Idea of the Tactical Nuclear Weapon in the Early Cold War “最好忘记物理”:冷战早期战术核武器的想法

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Physics in Perspective Pub Date : 2020-03-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00016-020-00251-3

Christian P. Ruhl

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Einstein’s Gyros 修正:爱因斯坦的陀螺仪

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Physics in Perspective Pub Date : 2020-02-11 DOI: 10.1007/s00016-020-00250-4

József Illy

引用次数: 0

Einstein’s Gyros Einstein’s Gyros