Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.)最新文献_第9页

Human Somatosensory Processing and Artificial Somatosensation 人体体感觉加工与人工体感觉

Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2021-07-02 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9843259

Luyao Wang, Lihua Ma, Jiajia Yang, Jinglong Wu

{"title":"Human Somatosensory Processing and Artificial Somatosensation","authors":"Luyao Wang, Lihua Ma, Jiajia Yang, Jinglong Wu","doi":"10.34133/2021/9843259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/2021/9843259","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few years, we have gained a better understanding of the information processing mechanism in the human brain, which has led to advances in artificial intelligence and humanoid robots. However, among the various sensory systems, studying the somatosensory system presents the greatest challenge. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the human somatosensory system and its corresponding applications in artificial systems. Due to the uniqueness of the human hand in integrating receptor and actuator functions, we focused on the role of the somatosensory system in object recognition and action guidance. First, the low-threshold mechanoreceptors in the human skin and somatotopic organization principles along the ascending pathway, which are fundamental to artificial skin, were summarized. Second, we discuss high-level brain areas, which interacted with each other in the haptic object recognition. Based on this close-loop route, we used prosthetic upper limbs as an example to highlight the importance of somatosensory information. Finally, we present prospective research directions for human haptic perception, which could guide the development of artificial somatosensory systems.","PeriodicalId":72764,"journal":{"name":"Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44083594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Application of Interactive Video Games as Rehabilitation Tools to Improve Postural Control and Risk of Falls in Prefrail Older Adults 应用互动视频游戏作为康复工具改善体位控制和老年人跌倒风险

Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9841342

Hammad Alhasan, P. Wheeler, D. Fong

{"title":"Application of Interactive Video Games as Rehabilitation Tools to Improve Postural Control and Risk of Falls in Prefrail Older Adults","authors":"Hammad Alhasan, P. Wheeler, D. Fong","doi":"10.34133/2021/9841342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/2021/9841342","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine whether interactive video game (IVG) training is an effective way to improve postural control outcomes and decrease the risk of falls. A convenience sample of 12 prefrail older adults were recruited and divided into two groups: intervention group performed IVG training for 40 minutes, twice per week, for a total of 16 sessions. The control group received no intervention and continued their usual activity. Outcome measures were centre of pressure (COP), mean velocity, sway area, and sway path. Secondary outcomes were Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go (TUG), Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), and Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC). Assessment was conducted with preintervention (week zero) and postintervention (week eight). The intervention group showed significant improvement in mean velocity, sway area, Berg Balance Scale, and TUG (p < 0.01) compared to the control group. However, no significant improvement was observed for sway path (p = 0.35), FES-I (p = 0.383), and ABC (p = 0.283). This study showed that IVG training led to significant improvements in postural control but not for risk of falls.","PeriodicalId":72764,"journal":{"name":"Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43964753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Noninvasive Human-Prosthesis Interfaces for Locomotion Intent Recognition: A Review 用于运动意图识别的无创人-假体接口:综述

Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9863761

Dongfang Xu, Qining Wang

{"title":"Noninvasive Human-Prosthesis Interfaces for Locomotion Intent Recognition: A Review","authors":"Dongfang Xu, Qining Wang","doi":"10.34133/2021/9863761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/2021/9863761","url":null,"abstract":"The lower-limb robotic prostheses can provide assistance for amputees' daily activities by restoring the biomechanical functions of missing limb(s). To set proper control strategies and develop the corresponding controller for robotic prosthesis, a prosthesis user's intent must be acquired in time, which is still a major challenge and has attracted intensive attentions. This work focuses on the robotic prosthesis user's locomotion intent recognition based on the noninvasive sensing methods from the recognition task perspective (locomotion mode recognition, gait event detection, and continuous gait phase estimation) and reviews the state-of-the-art intent recognition techniques in a lower-limb prosthesis scope. The current research status, including recognition approach, progress, challenges, and future prospects in the human's intent recognition, has been reviewed. In particular for the recognition approach, the paper analyzes the recent studies and discusses the role of each element in locomotion intent recognition. This work summarizes the existing research results and problems and contributes a general framework for the intent recognition based on lower-limb prosthesis.","PeriodicalId":72764,"journal":{"name":"Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44478880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Origami Folding by Multifingered Hands with Motion Primitives 多指手与运动原语的折纸折叠

Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2021-05-30 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9851834

A. Namiki, Shuichi Yokosawa

引用次数: 20

Functional Electrical Stimulation of Peroneal Muscles on Balance in Healthy Females 功能性电刺激对健康女性腓肌平衡的影响

Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2021-05-13 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9801097

Zoe A Bamber, Wei Sun, R. S. Menon, P. Wheeler, I. Swain, D. Fong

{"title":"Functional Electrical Stimulation of Peroneal Muscles on Balance in Healthy Females","authors":"Zoe A Bamber, Wei Sun, R. S. Menon, P. Wheeler, I. Swain, D. Fong","doi":"10.34133/2021/9801097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/2021/9801097","url":null,"abstract":"Balance improvement could contribute to ankle stability for the prevention of ankle sprains. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is an effective way of augmenting muscle activity and improving balance. This study investigated the effect of FES of peroneal muscles on single-and double-leg balance. Fifteen healthy females (age = 23.1 ± 1.6 years, height = 1.63 ± 0.07 m, and weight = 63.7 ± 9.9 kg) performed single- and double-leg standing balance tests with eyes open and closed before and after 15-minute FES intervention during treadmill running at a comfortable, self-selected pace. FES of peroneal muscles was provided bilaterally, using an Odstock Dropped Foot Stimulator. The total excursion of the centre of pressure (COP) was calculated to assess the standing balance control ability. The total excursion of COP in single- and double-leg stance with eyes open reduced significantly after FES intervention by 14.7% (p < 0.001) and 5.9% (p = 0.031), respectively. The eyes-closed condition exhibited a 12.7% (p = 0.002) reduction in single-leg stance but did not significantly change in double-leg stance (p > 0.05). Limb preference did not account for balance postintervention. No significant difference in total excursion of COP was found between preferred and less preferred limbs with both visual conditions (p > 0.05). FES of peroneal muscles improved standing balance control with eyes open in double-leg and single-leg stance and with eyes closed in double-leg stance. The improvements in balance control with FES treatment did not vary concerning limb preference.","PeriodicalId":72764,"journal":{"name":"Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.)","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69807558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Classifying Motion Intention of Step Length and Synchronous Walking Speed by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy 用功能近红外光谱法对步长和同步步行速度的运动意图进行分类

Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2021-04-22 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9821787

Yufei Zhu, Chunguang Li, Hedian Jin, Lining Sun

{"title":"Classifying Motion Intention of Step Length and Synchronous Walking Speed by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy","authors":"Yufei Zhu, Chunguang Li, Hedian Jin, Lining Sun","doi":"10.34133/2021/9821787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/2021/9821787","url":null,"abstract":"In some patients who have suffered an amputation or spinal cord injury, walking ability may be degraded or deteriorated. Helping these patients walk independently on their own initiative is of great significance. This paper proposes a method to identify subjects' motion intention under different levels of step length and synchronous walking speed by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy technology. Thirty-one healthy subjects were recruited to walk under six given sets of gait parameters (small step with low/midspeed, midstep with low/mid/high speed, and large step with midspeed). The channels were subdivided into more regions. More frequency bands (6 subbands on average in the range of 0-0.18 Hz) were decomposed by applying the wavelet packet method. Further, a genetic algorithm and a library for support vector machine algorithm were applied for selecting typical feature vectors, which were represented by important regions with partial important channels mentioned above. The walking speed recognition rate was 71.21% in different step length states, and the step length recognition rate was 71.21% in different walking speed states. This study explores the method of identifying motion intention in two-dimensional multivariate states. It lays the foundation for controlling walking-assistance equipment adaptively based on cerebral hemoglobin information.","PeriodicalId":72764,"journal":{"name":"Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43637719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Shape Estimation of Soft Manipulator Using Stretchable Sensor 基于可伸缩传感器的软机械手形状估计

Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2021-04-21 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9843894

JinHo So, Uikyum Kim, Y. Kim, D. Seok, S. Yang, Kihyeon Kim, Jae Hyeong Park, Seong Tak Hwang, Young Jin Gong, H. Choi

{"title":"Shape Estimation of Soft Manipulator Using Stretchable Sensor","authors":"JinHo So, Uikyum Kim, Y. Kim, D. Seok, S. Yang, Kihyeon Kim, Jae Hyeong Park, Seong Tak Hwang, Young Jin Gong, H. Choi","doi":"10.34133/2021/9843894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/2021/9843894","url":null,"abstract":"The soft robot manipulator is attracting attention in the surgical fields with its intrinsic softness, lightness in its weight, and safety toward the human organ. However, it cannot be used widely because of its difficulty of control. To control a soft robot manipulator accurately, shape sensing is essential. This paper presents a method of estimating the shape of a soft robot manipulator by using a skin-type stretchable sensor composed of a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and silicone (p7670). The sensor can be easily fabricated and applied by simply attaching it to the surface of the soft manipulator. In its fabrication, MWCNT is sprayed on a teflon sheet, and liquid-state silicone is poured on it. After curing, we turn it over and cover it with another silicone layer. The sensor is fabricated with a sandwich structure to decrease the hysteresis of the sensor. After calibration and determining the relationship between the resistance of the sensor and the strain, three sensors are attached at 120° intervals. Using the obtained data, the curvature of the manipulator is calculated, and the entire shape is reconstructed. To validate its accuracy, the estimated shape is compared with the camera data. We experiment with three, six, and nine sensors attached, and the result of the error of shape estimation is compared. As a result, the minimum tip position error is approximately 8.9 mm, which corresponded to 4.45% of the total length of the manipulator when using nine sensors.","PeriodicalId":72764,"journal":{"name":"Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44758035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Pulsed Microfluid Force-Based On-Chip Modular Fabrication for Liver Lobule-Like 3D Cellular Models 基于脉冲微流体力的芯片模块化制备肝小叶样三维细胞模型

Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2021-04-08 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9871396

Juan Cui, Huaping Wang, Qing Shi, Tao Sun

{"title":"Pulsed Microfluid Force-Based On-Chip Modular Fabrication for Liver Lobule-Like 3D Cellular Models","authors":"Juan Cui, Huaping Wang, Qing Shi, Tao Sun","doi":"10.34133/2021/9871396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/2021/9871396","url":null,"abstract":"In vitro three-dimensional (3D) cellular models with native tissue-like architectures and functions have potential as alternatives to human tissues in regenerative medicine and drug discovery. However, it is difficult to replicate liver constructs that mimic in vivo microenvironments using current approaches in tissue engineering because of the vessel-embedded 3D structure and complex cell distribution of the liver. This paper reports a pulsed microflow-based on-chip 3D assembly method to construct 3D liver lobule-like models that replicate the spatial structure and functions of the liver lobule. The heterogeneous cell-laden assembly units with hierarchical cell distribution are fabricated through multistep photopatterning of different cell-laden hydrogels. Through fluid force interaction by pulsed microflow, the hierarchical assembly units are driven to a stack, layer by layer, and thus spatially assemble into 3D cellular models in the closed liquid chamber of the assembly chip. The 3D models with liver lobule-like hexagonal morphology and radial cell distribution allow the dynamic perfusion culture to maintain high cell viability and functional expression during long-term culture in vitro. These results demonstrate that the fabricated 3D liver lobule-like models are promising for drug testing and the study of individual diagnoses and treatments.","PeriodicalId":72764,"journal":{"name":"Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43156873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

An Electrical Stimulation Culture System for Daily Maintenance-Free Muscle Tissue Production 用于日常无维护肌肉组织生产的电刺激培养系统

Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2021-04-08 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9820505

Y. Akiyama, Akemi Nakayama, S. Nakano, Ryuichiro Amiya, Jun Hirose

{"title":"An Electrical Stimulation Culture System for Daily Maintenance-Free Muscle Tissue Production","authors":"Y. Akiyama, Akemi Nakayama, S. Nakano, Ryuichiro Amiya, Jun Hirose","doi":"10.34133/2021/9820505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/2021/9820505","url":null,"abstract":"Low-labor production of tissue-engineered muscles (TEMs) is one of the key technologies to realize the practical use of muscle-actuated devices. This study developed and then demonstrated the daily maintenance-free culture system equipped with both electrical stimulation and medium replacement functions. To avoid ethical issues, immortal myoblast cells C2C12 were used. The system consisting of gel culture molds, a medium replacement unit, and an electrical stimulation unit could produce 12 TEMs at one time. The contractile forces of the TEMs were measured with a newly developed microforce measurement system. Even the TEMs cultured without electrical stimulation generated forces of almost 2 mN and were shortened by 10% in tetanic contractions. Regarding the contractile forces, electrical stimulation by a single pulse at 1 Hz was most effective, and the contractile forces in tetanus were over 2.5 mN. On the other hand, continuous pulses decreased the contractile forces of TEMs. HE-stained cross-sections showed that myoblast cells proliferated and fused into myotubes mainly in the peripheral regions, and fewer cells existed in the internal region. This must be due to insufficient supplies of oxygen and nutrients inside the TEMs. By increasing the supplies, one TEM might be able to generate a force up to around 10 mN. The tetanic forces of the TEMs produced by the system were strong enough to actuate microstructures like previously reported crawling robots. This daily maintenance-free culture system which could stably produce TEMs strong enough to be utilized for microrobots should contribute to the advancement of biohybrid devices.","PeriodicalId":72764,"journal":{"name":"Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48726631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Bioprinted Vascularized Mature Adipose Tissue with Collagen Microfibers for Soft Tissue Regeneration 胶原微纤维生物打印血管化成熟脂肪组织用于软组织再生

Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2021-03-13 DOI: 10.34133/2021/1412542

F. Louis, Marie Piantino, Hao Liu, D. Kang, Y. Sowa, S. Kitano, M. Matsusaki

{"title":"Bioprinted Vascularized Mature Adipose Tissue with Collagen Microfibers for Soft Tissue Regeneration","authors":"F. Louis, Marie Piantino, Hao Liu, D. Kang, Y. Sowa, S. Kitano, M. Matsusaki","doi":"10.34133/2021/1412542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/2021/1412542","url":null,"abstract":"The development of soft tissue regeneration has recently gained importance due to safety concerns about artificial breast implants. Current autologous fat graft implantations can result in up to 90% of volume loss in long-term outcomes due to their limited revascularization. Adipose tissue has a highly vascularized structure which enables its proper homeostasis as well as its endocrine function. Mature adipocytes surrounded by a dense vascular network are the specific features required for efficient regeneration of the adipose tissue to perform host anastomosis after its implantation. Recently, bioprinting has been introduced as a promising solution to recreate in vitro this architecture in large-scale tissues. However, the in vitro induction of both the angiogenesis and adipogenesis differentiations from stem cells yields limited maturation states for these two pathways. To overcome these issues, we report a novel method for obtaining a fully vascularized adipose tissue reconstruction using supporting bath bioprinting. For the first time, directly isolated mature adipocytes encapsulated in a bioink containing physiological collagen microfibers (CMF) were bioprinted in a gellan gum supporting bath. These multilayered bioprinted tissues retained high viability even after 7 days of culture. Moreover, the functionality was also confirmed by the maintenance of fatty acid uptake from mature adipocytes. Therefore, this method of constructing fully functional adipose tissue regeneration holds promise for future clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":72764,"journal":{"name":"Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45393840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20