Advances in experimental medicine and biology最新文献_第8页

Proteomic Characterization of HIV Infection. HIV感染的蛋白质组学特征。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-22340-1_8

Timothy Daniel Veenstra

{"title":"Proteomic Characterization of HIV Infection.","authors":"Timothy Daniel Veenstra","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-22340-1_8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-22340-1_8","url":null,"abstract":"In the summer of 1981, young gay men began falling ill and dying of opportunistic infections. The strange thing was that these infections should have been easily rebuffed by their immune systems (Greene WC, Eur J Immunol 37(Suppl 1):S94-S102, 2007). These men become emaciated and developed dark purple lesions primarily on their arms and faces. These lesions were due to Kaposi's sarcoma, a relatively rare and aggressive form of cancer (Antman K and Chang Y, N Engl J Med 342:1027-1038, 2000). Physicians in cities such as New York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco were dumbfounded by the presence of young men who appeared elderly (Greene WC, Eur J Immunol 37(Suppl 1):S94-S102, 2007; Premeaux TA and Ndhlovu LC, Curr Opin HIV AIDS 18:237-245, 2023). Fear initially spread throughout the gay male community as this group was disproportionately impacted. As their health rapidly deteriorated, doctors were unable to prevent patients from dying from opportunistic infections and malignancies. The condition was recognized in 1981 as acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (CDC, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 30:305-308, 1981). As it became more publicized, the shock and stigma surrounding individuals who died from AIDS grew. The first major figure to reveal their AIDS diagnosis was Rock Hudson. This revelation was followed by other well-known individuals including Robert Reed (i.e., the father on the Brady Bunch), Arthur Ashe, and Freddie Mercury ( webmd.com/hiv-aids/ss/slideshow-celebrities-hiv-aids ).","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1511 ","pages":"189-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147925495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1: The Role of Calcium in Gut-Glucose Axis. 胰高血糖素样肽-1：钙在肠-糖轴中的作用。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-04357-3_10

Astrid-Ines Foamkom, Hosam G Abdelhady, Mohammed S Razzaque

引用次数: 0

Vitamin D and Autoimmunity. 维生素D和自身免疫

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-04357-3_4

Fabrícia Lima Fontes-Dantas, Rafaella de Carvalho Cardoso, Vinícius Domingues, Gabriel Gripp Fernandes

{"title":"Vitamin D and Autoimmunity.","authors":"Fabrícia Lima Fontes-Dantas, Rafaella de Carvalho Cardoso, Vinícius Domingues, Gabriel Gripp Fernandes","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-04357-3_4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-04357-3_4","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin D is increasingly recognized as a crucial factor in immune regulation, particularly in the context of autoimmune diseases. In addition to its well-established role in bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis, recent research highlights its significant influence on both adaptive and innate immune responses. In conditions such as multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and systemic lupus erythematosus, vitamin D enhances the function of regulatory T cells and suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines, contributing to immune balance. Genetic factors also play a vital role in susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. Studies have investigated the interaction between vitamin D signaling pathways and genetic variants in immune-related genes, including the vitamin D receptor (VDR), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), 25-hydroxylase (CYP2R1), and 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) genes. Polymorphisms in these genes can alter vitamin D signaling, potentially affecting disease susceptibility and severity. This chapter explains the complex relationships among serum vitamin D levels, genetic variations, and immune regulation in autoimmune disorders. These findings emphasize the importance of further research to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms and develop tailored therapeutic strategies. A deeper understanding of these interactions could pave the way for innovative preventive and therapeutic approaches for individuals with a genetic predisposition to autoimmune conditions.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1493 ","pages":"33-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145494423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional Genomics: Principles and Methods. 功能基因组学：原理和方法。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-18966-0_8

Ana Neves-Costa, Luís Ferreira Moita

引用次数: 0

Target-Based Discovery of Drug Combinations for Spinal Muscular Atrophy. 基于靶标的脊髓性肌萎缩症药物组合的发现。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-20041-9_3

Rza Bashirov

引用次数: 0

Autonomous Redox Rhythms and Their Coupling to the Circadian Clock. 自主氧化还原节律及其与生物钟的耦合。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-36189-9_4

Sargis Karapetyan, Xinnian Dong

{"title":"Autonomous Redox Rhythms and Their Coupling to the Circadian Clock.","authors":"Sargis Karapetyan, Xinnian Dong","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-36189-9_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-36189-9_4","url":null,"abstract":"Circadian rhythms have traditionally been considered to be outputs of genetic transcription-translation feedback loop (TTFL) oscillators. However, the discovery of circadian peroxiredoxin oxidation rhythms in anucleate red blood cells suggests that cells also possess an autonomous circadian redox rhythm. The conservation of this rhythm across all lineages of life, as well as in TTFL-defective backgrounds in multiple organisms, further indicates its importance. Rather than functioning as an isolated system, the redox rhythm is bidirectionally coupled to the genetic circadian clock. Perturbation of one oscillation may alter amplitude or shift period of the other, depending on biological context. In animals, the interplay between the redox rhythm and the genetic clock is complex, and the biological significance of the redox oscillation has yet to be established. In plants, immune-related redox perturbation by salicylic acid can reinforce the genetic clock, while the redox rhythm itself gates immune-induced programmed cell death toward morning as a circadian output. We propose that the redox rhythm reflects an intrinsic metabolic cycling in which cells alternate between the high-metabolic states that generate energy, reducing power, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the lower-metabolic states that favor detoxification, repair, and restoration of redox homeostasis. In this model, the redox rhythm is driven by the feedback between glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, ROS production via electron transport chains, antioxidant capacity, and cellular repair, and becomes entrained to the external cues via diurnal energy generation such as photosynthesis in green lineages.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1521 ","pages":"57-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronotherapy in the Treatment of Major Depression. 时间疗法治疗重度抑郁症。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_24

Seung-Gul Kang, Yong-Ku Kim

{"title":"Chronotherapy in the Treatment of Major Depression.","authors":"Seung-Gul Kang, Yong-Ku Kim","doi":"10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_24","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_24","url":null,"abstract":"Depression is a widespread and serious mental health condition commonly treated with pharmacotherapy as a first-line approach. However, antidepressant medications often require more than two weeks to produce noticeable effects and may be contraindicated in certain populations, such as pregnant women. Many individuals with depression experience sleep disturbances and disruptions in circadian rhythms. In this context, chronotherapy-which aims to resynchronize circadian rhythms-has demonstrated potential for facilitating rapid mood improvement. Key chronotherapeutic interventions that have demonstrated some degree of effectiveness include light therapy, sleep deprivation therapy, sleep phase advance therapy, and triple chronotherapy, which combines all three modalities. Although chronotherapy is generally regarded as effective, the current body of evidence is limited by a lack of systematic and large-scale studies. Therefore, further research is needed to establish its efficacy more robustly. Moreover, future investigations should explore the potential of digital chronotherapy tools based on ICT, which may offer greater convenience for both patients and healthcare providers.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1502 ","pages":"415-428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perinatal Depression: Current Knowledge. 围产期抑郁症：目前的知识。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_14

Mandeep Kaur, Marsal Sanches

引用次数: 0

The Complex Role of Serotonin-Dopamine-Glutamate Receptors in Major Depression. 血清素-多巴胺-谷氨酸受体在重度抑郁症中的复杂作用。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_15

Laura Orsolini, Giulio Longo, Michele Giordano, Umberto Volpe

引用次数: 0

Effects of the Mechanical Behaviors of Red Blood Cells on the Blood Flow. 红细胞力学行为对血流的影响。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-22285-5_14

L L Xiao, W W Yan, X J Li, Bingmei M Fu

{"title":"Effects of the Mechanical Behaviors of Red Blood Cells on the Blood Flow.","authors":"L L Xiao, W W Yan, X J Li, Bingmei M Fu","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-22285-5_14","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-22285-5_14","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the mechanical properties of red blood cells (RBCs) that affect the blood flow, this chapter examines the range of dynamic behaviors from an individual RBC to collections of multiple RBCs. The elastic response and relaxation characteristics of an isolated RBC under tensile stretching and tube flow are examined. They show that the confinement of microvessels impedes the relaxation process of the RBC, particularly under the conditions of strong confinement. In addition, simulations of the flow of a suspension of RBCs in a straight microvessel demonstrate that elevated aggregation strength and deformability of RBCs can enhance the thickness of cell-free layer (CFL), thereby reducing the relative apparent viscosity and increasing the discharge hematocrit. The existence of stenosis results in an increase in blood flow resistance. An augmented Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect is observed in the presence of stenosis. Finally, the effects of RBC aggregation combined with reduced stenosis on blood flow dynamics are investigated. As RBC clusters traverse a stenotic region with a throat with a diameter comparable to that of the RBC core, the resistance to blood flow decreases in response to an increase in the strength of intercellular interaction. However, if the RBC core is significantly larger than the throat, a marked increase in blood flow resistance occurs under the condition of strong RBC aggregation, potentially contributing to the mechanism underlying microthrombus formation.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1512 ","pages":"291-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148410307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0