Advances in experimental medicine and biology最新文献_第8页

Potential Role of NUR77 in the Aging Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Age-Related Macular Degeneration. NUR77在视网膜色素上皮老化和年龄相关性黄斑变性中的潜在作用。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_27

Tanu Parmar, Vipul Parmar, Goldis Malek

{"title":"Potential Role of NUR77 in the Aging Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Age-Related Macular Degeneration.","authors":"Tanu Parmar, Vipul Parmar, Goldis Malek","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_27","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_27","url":null,"abstract":"The underlying mechanisms associated with age-related changes in the morphology and function of retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells are poorly understood. The aging RPE progresses through several structural changes including loss of melanin granules, accumulation of lipofuscin, and cytoskeletal changes, among others. Extracellular to it, there is also thickening of Bruch's membrane and changes in the integrity of the choroid. Recent studies have revealed that aging also affects the metabolic ecosystem of the RPE. Aged mitochondria exhibit decreased rates of oxidative phosphorylation, increased reactive oxygen species generation, and increased number of mitochondrial mutations relative to baseline. These changes are also found in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a late-onset vision-impairing disease, in which the RPE is particularly vulnerable. The orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1/NUR77 is an early response gene and regulator of various cellular processes during development, aging, and disease. Previously we observed decreased levels of Nur77/NUR77 in both mouse and human RPE as a function of age. Current knowledge of the function of this receptor in the RPE is limited. Herein, we discuss the putative roles of NUR77 in the RPE during aging and disease.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1468 ","pages":"165-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breaking Down Bone Disease in People Living with HIV: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. 艾滋病病毒感染者骨病分解：病理生理学、诊断和治疗。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2024_831

Valeria Hasenmajer, Nicolò Francesco D'Addario, Ilaria Bonaventura, Valentina Sada, Christopher Nardi, Emmanuele Angelo Jannini, Gabriella D'Ettorre, Claudio Mastroianni, Daniele Gianfrilli

{"title":"Breaking Down Bone Disease in People Living with HIV: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.","authors":"Valeria Hasenmajer, Nicolò Francesco D'Addario, Ilaria Bonaventura, Valentina Sada, Christopher Nardi, Emmanuele Angelo Jannini, Gabriella D'Ettorre, Claudio Mastroianni, Daniele Gianfrilli","doi":"10.1007/5584_2024_831","DOIUrl":"10.1007/5584_2024_831","url":null,"abstract":"Bone health in people living with HIV (PLWH) has emerged as a significant concern in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). While ART has transformed HIV infection into a chronic condition, it has also unmasked long-term health complications, including an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures. This review aims to elucidate the multifactorial mechanisms contributing to bone health deterioration in PLWH, such as direct viral effects, immune activation, and ART-induced bone metabolism changes. We examine the current evidence on bone mineral density (BMD) reductions and the heightened fracture risk in this population. Furthermore, we evaluate diagnostic and management strategies, including radiological and non-radiological evaluations, vitamin D optimization, bisphosphonates, and other emerging treatments, to provide a comprehensive overview of effective interventions. By synthesizing the latest research, this review seeks to enhance the understanding of bone health issues in PLWH and guide clinicians in implementing strategies to mitigate these risks, ultimately improving patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":" ","pages":"87-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hormone Signaling in Breast Development and Cancer. 乳腺发育和癌症中的激素信号。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-70875-6_15

Andrea Agnoletto, Cathrin Brisken

{"title":"Hormone Signaling in Breast Development and Cancer.","authors":"Andrea Agnoletto, Cathrin Brisken","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-70875-6_15","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-70875-6_15","url":null,"abstract":"Hormones control normal breast development and function. They also impinge on breast cancer (BC) development and disease progression in direct and indirect ways. The major ovarian hormones, estrogens and progesterone, have long been established as key regulators of mammary gland development in rodents and linked to human disease. However, their roles have been difficult to disentangle because they act on multiple tissues and can act directly and indirectly on different cell types in the breast, and their receptors interact at different levels within the target cell. Estrogens are well-recognized drivers of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers, and the ER is successfully targeted in ER+ disease. The role of progesterone receptor (PR) as a potential target to be activated or inhibited is debated, and androgen receptor (AR) signaling has emerged as a potentially interesting pathway to target on the stage.In this chapter, we discuss hormone signaling in normal breast development and in cancer, with a specific focus on the key sex hormones: estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone. We will highlight the complexities of endocrine control mechanisms at the organismal, tissue, cellular, and molecular levels. As we delve into the mechanisms of action of hormone receptors, their interplay and their context-dependent roles in breast cancer will be discussed. Drawing insights from new preclinical models, we will describe the lessons learned and the current challenges in understanding hormone action in breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1464 ","pages":"279-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

T Cell Development: From T-Lineage Specification to Intrathymic Maturation. T细胞发育：从T谱系规范到胸腺内成熟。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-77921-3_4

Mahdieh Golzari-Sorkheh, Kogulan Yoganathan, Edward L Y Chen, Jastaranpreet Singh, Juan Carlos Zúñiga-Pflücker

引用次数: 0

Hormonal Environment Shapes the Oral Microbiome. 荷尔蒙环境塑造口腔微生物组

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-79146-8_14

Maria J Rus, Carlos Sauco Carballo, Flávio Duarte Faria, Aurea Simon-Soro

{"title":"Hormonal Environment Shapes the Oral Microbiome.","authors":"Maria J Rus, Carlos Sauco Carballo, Flávio Duarte Faria, Aurea Simon-Soro","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-79146-8_14","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-79146-8_14","url":null,"abstract":"Hormones are present in oral fluids and undergo dynamic changes throughout life. Hormonal changes can influence the interactions between the microbial community and the host. The oral microbiome is sensitive to changes in the oral environment, and hormonal fluctuations can create conditions that favour the growth of certain types of bacteria over others. Since the gingival niche harbours the resident microbial community in the biofilm form, while saliva has a transient microbiota in the planktonic form, both could modulate the host-microbial interaction under hormonal oscillations.The microbiome and hormones have a dynamic bidirectional interaction. Specific oral microorganisms can metabolize steroid hormones, disrupting their host regulation. Hormones can serve as host-microbial crosstalk related to health and disease. Hormonal imbalances are associated with systemic diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, cortisol-related conditions and oral cancer. Elucidating the complex relationship between steroid hormones and the oral microbiome offers valuable insights into the mechanisms of the disease and potential therapeutic avenues for maintaining oral and systemic health.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1472 ","pages":"225-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Power of Zebrafish in Disease Modeling and Therapy Discovery for Inherited Retinal Degeneration. 斑马鱼在遗传性视网膜变性的疾病建模和疗法探索中的作用。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_38

Huanhuan Xiao, Randi Marshall, Meera T Saxena, Liyun Zhang

引用次数: 0

Expression of Versican in the Retina and Its Implication in Retinal Disease. Versican在视网膜中的表达及其在视网膜疾病中的意义。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_69

Andrea E Dillinger, Anja K Hoffmann, Ernst R Tamm

引用次数: 0

Classifying Mouse RPE Morphometric Heterogeneity Using REShAPE: An AI-Based Image Analysis Tool. 使用 REShAPE 对小鼠 RPE 形态异质性进行分类：基于人工智能的图像分析工具

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_65

Davide Ortolan, Dominik Reichert, Huirong Li, Dylan Walmsley, Ruchi Sharma, Kapil Bharti

引用次数: 0

Uncovering Novel Drugs that Restore Vision Using Orthogonal Pooling in Zebrafish. 利用正交池法在斑马鱼中发现恢复视力的新药。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_80

Justine O'Brien, Patrizia Colucci, Yolanda Alvarez, Breandán N Kennedy

引用次数: 0

Frequency and Pattern of Gene Therapy Clinical Trials for Inherited Retinal Diseases. 遗传性视网膜疾病基因治疗临床试验的频率和模式。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_15

Hossein Ameri, Niranjana Kesavamoorthy, Dara N Bruce

{"title":"Frequency and Pattern of Gene Therapy Clinical Trials for Inherited Retinal Diseases.","authors":"Hossein Ameri, Niranjana Kesavamoorthy, Dara N Bruce","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_15","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_15","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes worldwide gene therapy clinical trials aimed at treating inherited retinal diseases (IRD). The information was collected through 15 different international registries including clinicaltrials.gov . There have been 101 gene therapy clinical trials targeting IRD up until the end of 2022. Seventy-seven trials employed gene augmentation using viral vectors; other approaches included inhibitory RNA (9), encapsulated cell technology (6), systemic approach (1), and observational trials (8). The most common clinical trial phase was phase 1/2 (46), followed by phase 3 (12). One trial led to an FDA-approved treatment. Sixty-nine trials were conducted in a single country, and 32 trials were multinational; The USA had the highest share in both categories. Retinitis pigmentosa was the most common disease targeted (39), followed by RPE65-mediated retinal dystrophy (13), Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (13), choroideremia (10 and achromatopsia (8), Leber congenital amaurosis (4), X-linked retinoschisis (4), Stargardt disease (4), Bietti's crystalline dystrophy (2), autosomal dominant optic atrophy (1), and Gyrate atrophy (1). For gene augmentation trials, adeno-associated virus was the most commonly used viral vector (70 trials-90%).","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1468 ","pages":"89-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0