Advances in experimental medicine and biology最新文献_第9页

Functional Genomics: Principles and Methods. 功能基因组学：原理和方法。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-18966-0_8

Ana Neves-Costa, Luís Ferreira Moita

引用次数: 0

Target-Based Discovery of Drug Combinations for Spinal Muscular Atrophy. 基于靶标的脊髓性肌萎缩症药物组合的发现。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-20041-9_3

Rza Bashirov

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Autonomous Redox Rhythms and Their Coupling to the Circadian Clock. 自主氧化还原节律及其与生物钟的耦合。

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Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-36189-9_4

Sargis Karapetyan, Xinnian Dong

{"title":"Autonomous Redox Rhythms and Their Coupling to the Circadian Clock.","authors":"Sargis Karapetyan, Xinnian Dong","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-36189-9_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-36189-9_4","url":null,"abstract":"Circadian rhythms have traditionally been considered to be outputs of genetic transcription-translation feedback loop (TTFL) oscillators. However, the discovery of circadian peroxiredoxin oxidation rhythms in anucleate red blood cells suggests that cells also possess an autonomous circadian redox rhythm. The conservation of this rhythm across all lineages of life, as well as in TTFL-defective backgrounds in multiple organisms, further indicates its importance. Rather than functioning as an isolated system, the redox rhythm is bidirectionally coupled to the genetic circadian clock. Perturbation of one oscillation may alter amplitude or shift period of the other, depending on biological context. In animals, the interplay between the redox rhythm and the genetic clock is complex, and the biological significance of the redox oscillation has yet to be established. In plants, immune-related redox perturbation by salicylic acid can reinforce the genetic clock, while the redox rhythm itself gates immune-induced programmed cell death toward morning as a circadian output. We propose that the redox rhythm reflects an intrinsic metabolic cycling in which cells alternate between the high-metabolic states that generate energy, reducing power, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the lower-metabolic states that favor detoxification, repair, and restoration of redox homeostasis. In this model, the redox rhythm is driven by the feedback between glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, ROS production via electron transport chains, antioxidant capacity, and cellular repair, and becomes entrained to the external cues via diurnal energy generation such as photosynthesis in green lineages.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1521 ","pages":"57-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elucidation of the Roles of CD22 Cis-Ligands in B Lymphocyte Development and Signaling Using Genetic and Chemical Tools. 利用遗传和化学工具阐明CD22顺式配体在B淋巴细胞发育和信号传导中的作用。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-04153-1_9

Takeshi Tsubata

{"title":"Elucidation of the Roles of CD22 Cis-Ligands in B Lymphocyte Development and Signaling Using Genetic and Chemical Tools.","authors":"Takeshi Tsubata","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-04153-1_9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-04153-1_9","url":null,"abstract":"CD22 (also known as Siglec-2) is a member of the Siglec family preferentially expressed in B cells. CD22 specifically recognizes α2,6 sialic acid by the extracellular lectin domain and recruits the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 at the cytoplasmic tail, thereby negatively regulating signaling through the B cell antigen receptor (BCR). CD22 constitutively interacts with multiple different sialylated endogenous ligands, mostly those expressed on the same cell (cis-ligands). Analysis using mice deficient in α2.6 sialic acid, and synthetic sialosides that inhibit ligand binding of CD22 revealed that ligand interaction of CD22 differentially regulates BCR ligation-induced signaling and tonic signaling, the low-level signaling generated by the BCR in the absence of ligation, probably because CD22 is regulated by different cis-ligands depending on the level of CD22 phosphorylation. This differential regulation is involved in quality control of signaling-competent B cells. Interaction of CD22 with ligands, especially BCR, lowers tonic signaling required for B cell survival, thereby removing signaling-incompetent cells during B cell development. In contrast, recognition of other CD22 molecules as a cis-ligand enhances signaling upon BCR ligation. Interaction of CD22 with multiple different sialylated ligands therefore plays a crucial role in the maintenance of efficient B cell responses to antigens.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1491 ","pages":"131-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: Definitions, Criteria, and Health Implications. 青少年代谢综合征：定义、标准和健康影响

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_9

Sampath Kumar Amaravadi

{"title":"Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: Definitions, Criteria, and Health Implications.","authors":"Sampath Kumar Amaravadi","doi":"10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_9","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial cluster of cardiometabolic abnormalities, including central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension, that significantly elevate the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although traditionally associated with adults, MetS is increasingly prevalent in the adolescent population, paralleling the global surge in childhood obesity. Early onset of MetS carries substantial implications for long-term health, as the condition often tracks into adulthood and is associated with early vascular changes and subclinical organ damage.Understanding MetS in adolescents presents unique challenges. The lack of consensus definitions, physiological changes during puberty, and the need for age, sex, and ethnicity-specific criteria have limited the uniform application of diagnostic thresholds. Furthermore, the syndrome's pathophysiology involves complex interactions between adipose tissue dysfunction, chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, genetic predisposition, and environmental factors.This chapter provides a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on MetS in adolescents. It explores the historical evolution of the syndrome's concept, outlines major diagnostic definitions, and highlights epidemiological trends across populations. The chapter delves into pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and associated comorbidities such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), NAFLD, and sleep-disordered breathing. Special attention is given to inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers, as well as at-risk subpopulations, including ethnic minorities and youth with adverse intrauterine exposures.The aim of this chapter is to inform clinicians, researchers, and policymakers on the urgent need for early recognition, stratified risk assessment, and targeted intervention strategies in adolescents with MetS, thereby improving lifelong cardiometabolic outcomes and reducing global health burden.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1505 ","pages":"165-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cardiopulmonary Benefits of Exercise in Adolescents. 青少年运动对心肺的益处。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_14

Tingting Yang, Meiyu Hu, Yuxin Hu, Guoping Li, Juan Gao, Junjie Xiao

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Outline: The Long-Term Impact of Exercise on Adolescent Growth and Development. 运动对青少年生长发育的长期影响。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_16

Fernando Millan-Domingo, Adrián De la Rosa González, María Alejandra Camacho-Villa

{"title":"Outline: The Long-Term Impact of Exercise on Adolescent Growth and Development.","authors":"Fernando Millan-Domingo, Adrián De la Rosa González, María Alejandra Camacho-Villa","doi":"10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_16","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_16","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescence represents a critical developmental window during which lifestyle habits profoundly influence long-term health trajectories. This chapter examines the enduring effects of physical activity (PA) initiated during adolescence on musculoskeletal, cardiometabolic, cognitive, and mental health outcomes. Evidence from longitudinal and epidemiological studies consistently demonstrates that regular PA during this period is associated with reduced risks of obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia in adulthood. Mechanistic insights highlight the role of PA in enhancing bone mineral development, muscle hypertrophy, metabolic regulation, and neuroplasticity, partially mediated by factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The chapter further addresses the influence of mediating and moderating variables, including genetic predisposition, biological sex, maturational timing, and sociocultural determinants, in shaping individual responses to exercise. Finally, it underscores the necessity of integrated, multilevel public health strategies and school-based interventions tailored to adolescent needs, aimed at promoting equitable, sustainable engagement in PA. By synthesizing current evidence, this chapter emphasizes the lifelong preventive and therapeutic potential of adolescent PA for reducing the global burden of noncommunicable diseases.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1505 ","pages":"307-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proteomic Analysis of Histone Sequence Variants and Post-translationally Modified Forms. 组蛋白序列变异和翻译后修饰形式的蛋白质组学分析。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-21638-0_4

Palina Ryzhaya, Pavlína Pírek, Radomír Pech, Karolína Kryštofová, Zbyněk Zdráhal, Gabriela Lochmanová

{"title":"Proteomic Analysis of Histone Sequence Variants and Post-translationally Modified Forms.","authors":"Palina Ryzhaya, Pavlína Pírek, Radomír Pech, Karolína Kryštofová, Zbyněk Zdráhal, Gabriela Lochmanová","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-21638-0_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-21638-0_4","url":null,"abstract":"Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histone variants are the key mechanisms driving epigenetic regulation. They play a crucial role in modulating chromatin structure and gene activity. As epigenetics has become a foundational aspect of molecular biology, the precise characterization of histones is essential for understanding gene regulation, cellular plasticity, and the molecular basis of diseases.Mass spectrometry in combination with liquid chromatography has emerged as the leading technology for mapping and quantification of histone peptidoforms. It offers exceptional sensitivity and resolution to unravel the complexity of the epigenetic landscape. Despite its advantages, the inherent diversity of histone isoforms and PTMs presents analytical challenges, and no universal workflow currently enables comprehensive and unbiased profiling of the overall state of histone modifications.This chapter presents key methodologies for histone analysis using bottom-up proteomics, including protocols for histone extraction, enzymatic digestion, and chemical derivatization prior to LC-MS/MS. It also provides details of specific aspects of LC-MS/MS analysis and outlines strategies for data evaluation and interpretation. The clinical potential of histone proteomics is illustrated through a case study focusing on the characterization of histones in human sperm in the context of male infertility.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1510 ","pages":"75-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vascular Mechanobiology: From Membrane to Nucleus. 血管力学生物学：从膜到核。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-22285-5_4

Qing-Ping Yao, Zhong-Qian Liu, Meng-Xiao Li, Kun-Peng Wu, Ying-Xin Qi

{"title":"Vascular Mechanobiology: From Membrane to Nucleus.","authors":"Qing-Ping Yao, Zhong-Qian Liu, Meng-Xiao Li, Kun-Peng Wu, Ying-Xin Qi","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-22285-5_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-22285-5_4","url":null,"abstract":"The vascular wall is continuously exposed to complex hemodynamic forces in vivo due to blood flow. Endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) experience distinct mechanical stresses, primarily shear stress and cyclic stretch, which are determined by their spatial organization within the vessel wall. Numerous studies indicate that abnormal (pathological) mechanical forces play crucial roles in EC and VSMC dysfunction during various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and vein graft disease. This mechanical dysfunction represents a fundamental driver from vascular homeostasis to pathological remodeling. Hemodynamic forces activate membrane-associated mechanosensors, triggering a cascade of reactions through intricate intracellular signaling networks. Emerging evidence suggests that nuclear components, especially nuclear envelope proteins, nuclear pore complex, and chromatin, serve as important mechanosensitive elements that modulate chromatin dynamics, gene transcription, and ultimately cellular functions. However, research on the role of the nucleus in mechanotransduction remains in its early stages. Here, we briefly summarize the mechanosensors on the vascular cell membrane and particularly focus on the emerging roles of nuclear envelope proteins, nuclear pore complex, and chromatin in hemodynamic force-mediated vascular remodeling. These insights may advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying both vascular physiological homeostasis and pathophysiological remodeling, potentially leading to novel hemodynamic-based strategies for preventing and treating vascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1512 ","pages":"85-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148410028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronotherapy in the Treatment of Major Depression. 时间疗法治疗重度抑郁症。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_24

Seung-Gul Kang, Yong-Ku Kim

{"title":"Chronotherapy in the Treatment of Major Depression.","authors":"Seung-Gul Kang, Yong-Ku Kim","doi":"10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_24","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_24","url":null,"abstract":"Depression is a widespread and serious mental health condition commonly treated with pharmacotherapy as a first-line approach. However, antidepressant medications often require more than two weeks to produce noticeable effects and may be contraindicated in certain populations, such as pregnant women. Many individuals with depression experience sleep disturbances and disruptions in circadian rhythms. In this context, chronotherapy-which aims to resynchronize circadian rhythms-has demonstrated potential for facilitating rapid mood improvement. Key chronotherapeutic interventions that have demonstrated some degree of effectiveness include light therapy, sleep deprivation therapy, sleep phase advance therapy, and triple chronotherapy, which combines all three modalities. Although chronotherapy is generally regarded as effective, the current body of evidence is limited by a lack of systematic and large-scale studies. Therefore, further research is needed to establish its efficacy more robustly. Moreover, future investigations should explore the potential of digital chronotherapy tools based on ICT, which may offer greater convenience for both patients and healthcare providers.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1502 ","pages":"415-428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0