Advances in experimental medicine and biology最新文献_第4页

RNA Metabolism Governs Immune Function and Response. RNA 代谢控制着免疫功能和反应。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-9781-7_10

Masanori Yoshinaga, Osamu Takeuchi

引用次数: 0

TCR Signals Controlling Adaptive Immunity against Toxoplasma and Cancer. 控制弓形虫和癌症适应性免疫的 TCR 信号

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-9781-7_12

Masaaki Okamoto, Masahiro Yamamoto

引用次数: 0

Selected Wildlife Trematodes. 部分野生动物吸虫。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-60121-7_11

Matthew G Bolek, Jillian T Detwiler, Heather A Stigge

引用次数: 0

The Systematics of the Trematoda. 吸虫纲的系统学

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-60121-7_2

Aneta Kostadinova, Ana Pérez-Del-Olmo

{"title":"The Systematics of the Trematoda.","authors":"Aneta Kostadinova, Ana Pérez-Del-Olmo","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-60121-7_2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-60121-7_2","url":null,"abstract":"The platyhelminth class Trematoda comprises two subclasses with largely disparate species diversity, with the small Aspidogastrea with c.80 species and the speciose Digenea with c.18,000 species, which has attracted much effort towards our understanding of evolutionary relationships among suprageneric taxa. This chapter focuses on insights into the classification of the Digenea, that have become apparent from our advanced understanding of both morphological and molecular data. The field of molecular systematics of the Digenea has experienced significant advances over the past 15 years. Phylogenetic analyses of sequence data predominantly from the 18S and 28S rRNA genes have incorporated a considerable diversity of taxa, thus increasing the accuracy of phylogenetic inferences at higher taxonomic levels. As a result, the status of long-standing supraspecific taxa has been revised, new higher-level taxa have been defined, and inferences made in association with morphological and life-cycle evidence. A substantial effort has been made towards a classification reflecting a natural system of the Digenea by considering morphological evidence in conjunction with phylogenies inferred from molecular data; this has resulted in considerable congruence. However, limited taxon sampling in the phylogeny of the Digenea still remains relevant, especially in relation to some higher-level taxa, and an outline of these omissions is presented. A framework that has led to robust estimates of phylogeny is outlined, and the application of advanced morphological and molecular approaches in digenean taxonomy and systematics is illustrated using the most comprehensively studied digenean superfamilies.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141615619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paragonimiasis. Paragonimiasis.

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-60121-7_6

David Blair

引用次数: 0

Probing Protein Complexes Composition, Stoichiometry, and Interactions by Peptide-Based Mass Spectrometry. 用基于肽的质谱法探测蛋白质复合物的组成、化学计量和相互作用。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-52193-5_4

Gianluca Degliesposti

引用次数: 0

Nonprescription Treatment Options. 非处方治疗方案。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-54513-9_14

Taylor Edwards, Kayla Felix, Sandy Francois, Leah Cardwell, Zakiyyah Rice

{"title":"Nonprescription Treatment Options.","authors":"Taylor Edwards, Kayla Felix, Sandy Francois, Leah Cardwell, Zakiyyah Rice","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-54513-9_14","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-54513-9_14","url":null,"abstract":"The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) is complex and multifactorial. However, recent advancements in the genetics and pathophysiology of AD suggest that epidermal barrier dysfunction is paramount in the development and progression of the condition (Boguniewicz M, Leung DYM, Immunol Rev 242(1):233-246, 2011). In addition to standard therapy for AD, there are a plethora of nonprescription treatment modalities which may be employed. Over-the-counter treatments for atopic dermatitis can come in the form of topical corticosteroids, moisturizers/emollients, and oral antihistamines. Though these treatments are beneficial, prescription treatments may be quicker acting and more efficacious in patients with moderate to severe disease or during flares. OTC agents are best used for maintenance between flares and to prevent progression of mild disease. Alternative and complementary treatments lack strong efficacy evidence. However, wet wraps, bleach baths, and other treatments appear to be promising when used in conjunction with conventional treatments. With the financial burden of atopic dermatitis ranging from 364 million to 3.8 billion dollars each year in the United States, we suspect this topic will gain further research attention.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140896985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erythroid Krüppel-Like Factor (KLF1): A Surprisingly Versatile Regulator of Erythroid Differentiation. 红细胞克吕珀尔样因子（KLF1）：令人惊讶的红细胞分化多功能调节因子

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_10

James J Bieker, Sjaak Philipsen

{"title":"Erythroid Krüppel-Like Factor (KLF1): A Surprisingly Versatile Regulator of Erythroid Differentiation.","authors":"James J Bieker, Sjaak Philipsen","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_10","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_10","url":null,"abstract":"Erythroid Krüppel-like factor (KLF1), first discovered in 1992, is an erythroid-restricted transcription factor (TF) that is essential for terminal differentiation of erythroid progenitors. At face value, KLF1 is a rather inconspicuous member of the 26-strong SP/KLF TF family. However, 30 years of research have revealed that KLF1 is a jack of all trades in the molecular control of erythropoiesis. Initially described as a one-trick pony required for high-level transcription of the adult HBB gene, we now know that it orchestrates the entire erythroid differentiation program. It does so not only as an activator but also as a repressor. In addition, KLF1 was the first TF shown to be directly involved in enhancer/promoter loop formation. KLF1 variants underlie a wide range of erythroid phenotypes in the human population, varying from very mild conditions such as hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin and the In(Lu) blood type in the case of haploinsufficiency, to much more serious non-spherocytic hemolytic anemias in the case of compound heterozygosity, to dominant congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type IV invariably caused by a de novo variant in a highly conserved amino acid in the KLF1 DNA-binding domain. In this chapter, we present an overview of the past and present of KLF1 research and discuss the significance of human KLF1 variants.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141625637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulins in Intestinal Tract. 肠道中的非 B 细胞衍生免疫球蛋白

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-97-0511-5_11

Zihan Geng, Lina Wu, Qianqian Wang, Junfan Ma, Zhan Shi

{"title":"Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulins in Intestinal Tract.","authors":"Zihan Geng, Lina Wu, Qianqian Wang, Junfan Ma, Zhan Shi","doi":"10.1007/978-981-97-0511-5_11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0511-5_11","url":null,"abstract":"Intestinal epithelium constitutes a barrier to the unrestricted movement of pathogens, and other detrimental substances from the external world (gut lumen) into the interstitial environment. Intestinal epithelial cells obstruct harmful substances passing through the epithelium as a physical and chemical barrier; Moreover, the epithelial cells can express Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cytokines to exert innate immune function. In addition, high levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and other antibodies exist in the intestinal mucosa, maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis in conjunction with intestinal probiotics. Traditionally, these antibodies have been deemed to be secreted by submucosal plasma cells. Nonetheless, in recent years, it has been demonstrated that intestinal epithelial cells produce a substantial amount of Igs, especially IgA or free Ig light chains, which are involved in intestinal immune homeostasis and the survival of normal epithelial cells. Furthermore, mounting evidence affirms that many human carcinoma cells, including colorectal cancer (CRC), can overexpress Igs, particularly IgG. Cancer-derived Igs exhibit a unique V(D)J rearrangement pattern distinct from B cell-derived Ig; moreover, this cancer cell-derived IgG also has a unique sialic acid modification on the 162 site of CH1 domain (SIA-IgG). The SIA-IgG plays a crucial role in promoting cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and tumour immune escape. Simultaneously, CRC cells can also express free Ig light chains, which promote colitis, colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis, and CRC progression. Therefore, Igs expressed by CRC cells could be a potential target for diagnosing and preventing the transformation of inflammation into cancer, as well as treating CRC.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141533330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Gene Rearrangement and Transcriptional Regulation of Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulin. 非 B 细胞衍生免疫球蛋白的基因重排和转录调控。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-97-0511-5_4

Teng Ma, Jie Zheng, Peng Hao, Xiaohui Zhu, Xinmei Huang

{"title":"The Gene Rearrangement and Transcriptional Regulation of Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulin.","authors":"Teng Ma, Jie Zheng, Peng Hao, Xiaohui Zhu, Xinmei Huang","doi":"10.1007/978-981-97-0511-5_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0511-5_4","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, immunoglobulin (Ig) expression has been attributed solely to B cells/plasma cells with well-documented and accepted regulatory mechanisms governing Ig expression in B cells. Ig transcription is tightly controlled by a series of transcription factors. However, increasing evidence has recently demonstrated that Ig is not only produced by B cell lineages but also by various types of non-B cells (non-B-Ig). Under physiological conditions, non-B-Ig not only exhibits antibody activity but also regulates cellular biological activities (such as promoting cell proliferation, adhesion, and cytoskeleton protein activity). In pathological conditions, non-B-Ig is implicated in the development of various diseases including tumour, kidney disease, and other immune-related disorders. The mechanisms underline Ig gene rearrangement and transcriptional regulation of Ig genes in non-B cells are not fully understood. However, existing evidence suggests that these mechanisms in non-B cells differ from those in B cells. For instance, non-B-Ig gene rearrangement occurs in an RAG-independent manner; and Oct-1 and Oct-4, rather than Oct-2, are required for the transcriptional regulation of non-B derived Igs. In this chapter, we will describe and compare the mechanisms of gene rearrangement and expression regulation between B-Ig and non-B-Ig.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141533332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0