Physical Mesomechanics最新文献

{"title":"The Behavior of the Al0.5CoCrNiNb0.5 Eutectic High–Entropy Alloy during High–Temperature Oxidation","authors":"O. V. Samoilova,&nbsp;S. E. Pratskova,&nbsp;M. V. Sudarikov,&nbsp;N. A. Shaburova,&nbsp;E. A. Trofimov","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925600715","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925600715","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High–entropy alloys (HEAs) are alloys consisting of five or more components in an equiatomic (or close to it) ratio. They are promising materials for operation in extreme conditions due to a unique combination of various properties. HEAs alloyed with Nb demonstrate an optimal combination of mechanical and tribological properties, which makes these alloys interesting for use in a number of industries, including the production of gas turbines and turbojet engines. However, the behavior of niobium–containing HEAs at high operating temperatures has not been sufficiently studied yet. This work aims to investigate the high–temperature oxidation resistance behavior (at 1000 and 1100°C) of as–cast Al_0.5CoCrNiNb_0.5 HEA. The effect of long–term holding (100 h) at high temperatures on the microstructure and microhardness of the alloy is studied. Moreover, the effect of niobium on the morphology, phase, and chemical compositions of the formed oxide film was examined, and other oxidation parameters (specific mass gain, oxidation rate constant, and activation energy) were identified. It was observed that niobium takes part in high–temperature gas corrosion process with the formation of oxide compounds such as Nb₂O₅, AlNbO₄, CrNbO₄; however, aluminum and chromium oxides, CoCr₂O₄ and NiCr₂O₄ spinels are the main components of the formed film on the surface. In general, the studied HEA demonstrates fairly good resistance to high–temperature oxidation. The maximum specific mass gain after 100 h isothermal holding in air at 1000°C was 0.818 mg/cm², and after holding at 1100°C this value was equal to 1.363 mg/cm².</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 4","pages":"759 - 770"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vibration Response of Functionally Graded Sandwich Spherical Nanoshells with Thickness–Dependent Nonlocality","authors":"Pham Van Vinh,&nbsp;Le Quang Huy,&nbsp;Rossana Dimitri,&nbsp;Francesco Tornabene","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925600545","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925600545","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Functionally graded sandwich spherical shallow nanoshells are widely used in advanced microsystems due to their tunable material behavior and superior stiffness-to-weight ratio. Conventional nonlocal elasticity models often assume a constant nonlocal parameter through the thickness, which may be inaccurate for graded materials. This study investigates the free vibration behavior of such nanoshells using a modified nonlocal elasticity theory where the nonlocal parameter varies continuously along the thickness. The governing equations are derived using higher–order shear deformation theory and Hamilton’s principle and solved analytically via Navier’s method for simply supported boundaries. Results show that increasing the nonlocal parameter significantly reduces natural frequencies, with softcore configurations being more sensitive than hardcore ones. The vibration response is also affected by the material gradient index, layer thickness ratios, and shell geometry. The proposed model captures size–dependent effects more accurately and offers improved prediction of nanoscale behavior. These findings provide useful guidance for the vibration–based design of graded nanostructures and can be extended to incorporate thermal or damping effects in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 4","pages":"640 - 656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of External Curing Pressure on the Thickness and Elastic Properties of the Interphase in a Fiberglass Plastic Composite","authors":"A. S. Smirnov,&nbsp;E. O. Smirnova,&nbsp;V. S. Kanakin,&nbsp;I. A. Spirina","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925600685","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925600685","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study of mechanical properties and thickness of the interphase in polymer-matrix composites is necessary for a deep understanding of the strength and reliability of the composite material. The interphase is an intermediate layer between different phases, has a significant effect on the stress distribution inside the material and, as a result, affects the mechanical and operational characteristics of the composite. The selection of the interphase parameters can improve the elastic, strength and fatigue properties of the composite. The purpose of this work is to investigate the influence of external curing pressure on the formation of interphase thickness and its elastic properties in a fiberglass plastic composite. Based on data obtained using dynamic force microscopy, experiments demonstrate that increasing external curing pressure from 0 to 10 MPa leads to a decrease in interphase thickness from 1232 ± 95 nm to 212 ± 71 nm, and this decrease is described by an exponential dependence. The computational mesomechanical model of the composite monolayer shows that increasing pressure from 0 to 2 MPa increases the elastic modulus of the interphase from 6.3 GPa to 7.9 GPa. At the same time, external pressure does not affect the Poisson’s ratio of the interphase, which remains in the range of 0.18–0.20. The Poisson’s ratio of the monolayer does not change with increasing external curing pressure and constitutes 0.24 ± 0.02, which is related to a compensatory effect caused by redistribution of volume fractions of structural components: an increase in the fiber fraction with low Poisson’s ratio (0.23) and a decrease in the matrix fraction with high Poisson’s ratio (0.33) are compensated by changes in the contribution of the interphase. The study also shows that the elastic modulus of the interphase exceeds the elastic modulus of the matrix, while the Poisson’s ratio is lower. In addition, the work determines the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of single glass fibers based on micromechanical tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 4","pages":"725 - 740"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rheological Behavior and Structure of a Bioresorbable Zn-Li Alloy under Uniaxial Compression and ECAP Processing","authors":"R. N. Asfandiyarov,&nbsp;D. A. Aksenov,&nbsp;A. R. Sirazeeva,&nbsp;A. R. Khasanova,&nbsp;B. O. Bolshakov,&nbsp;O. B. Kulyasova","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925600594","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925600594","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper considers the rheological properties and structure formation of the new bioresorbable Zn-0.8Li alloy subjected to uniaxial compression at different initial temperature–velocity conditions and equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP). The rheological properties are investigated based on the results of the compression tests of cylindrical specimens at temperatures from 100 to 300°C and a strain rate of 1.6 s⁻¹. It has been found that at T_i = 100°C, the flow stress-strain curve of Zn-0.8Li is cyclical: first, the material hardens, then softens, and then hardens again. At T_i = 200°C, the flow stress-strain curve exhibits a horizontal section instead of a descending branch, followed by hardening. The maximum deformation–induced heating is observed at T_i = 100°C and reaches a value of 70°C. The lowest amount of dissipated energy is observed at T_i = 300°C. Structural analysis shows that at T_i = 100°C the regions of primary dendrites are plastically deformed, while the eutectic regions are more susceptible to mechanical fracture. An effective refinement of both phase regions occurs at temperatures above 300°C due to dynamic recrystallization. The average grain size in both areas reaches 4–5 μm. Based on the obtained data on the rheological behavior of the Zn-0.8Li alloy, a regime was selected and ECAP processing was performed at T_i = 300°C. Structural analysis of the obtained samples indicates refinement of the phases due to dynamic recrystallization. In the case of the eutectic region, the bulk of the grains is of recrystallization origin, and in the regions of primary dendrites, low–angle boundaries are formed and internal stresses accumulate. Due to an increase in the length of the intergrain boundaries, the ductility parameters increase by 7.5 times—the tensile elongation reaches 30% when the ultimate tensile strength of 520 MPa is reached.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 4","pages":"600 - 616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Gd Content on α-Grain Growth in γ-TiAl Based Alloys","authors":"V. S. Sokolovsky,&nbsp;P. V. Panin,&nbsp;G. A. Salishchev","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925600302","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925600302","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, the effect of Gd alloying on the microstructure, α-grain growth kinetics, and recrystallization processes in the single–phase α-phase field was investigated using two alloys based on gamma titanium aluminide Ti-47.1Al-1.8Nb-0.5Zr-0.3V-0.001Gd (0.001Gd) and Ti-46.9Al-1.6Nb-0.5Zr-0.5V-0.03Gd (0.03Gd). It was shown that an increase in the Gd content from 0.001 at. % to 0.03 at. % led to a significant decrease in the size of lamellar (α₂ + γ)-colonies from 260 to 150 μm and the interlamellar spacing from 450 to 230 nm in the as-cast state. The decrease in the average colony size is associated with an increase in the volume fraction of Gd oxide particles and the additional formation of Gd aluminide particles/interlayers, while the decrease in the interlamellar spacing is due to the retardation of the α₂→γ transformation kinetics with an increase in the Gd content. During heating to the α- phase field, the alloy with a higher Gd content exhibits slower grain growth, which is associated with an increase in the volume fraction of Gd oxide particles, which restrain the movement of grain boundaries. Theoretical calculations of Zener pinning pressure (PZ) and Zener limiting grain size (DZ) confirmed the experimental results. In the Ti-46.9Al-1.6Nb-0.5Zr-0.5V-0.03Gd alloy, the retarding force was significantly higher, and the limiting grain size was smaller compared to the alloy with a lower Gd content.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 4","pages":"632 - 639"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Load–Bearing Capacity of the Coating/Substrate System on the Failure Resistance of Ti-Al-Ta-Si-N Coatings under Scratch Testing","authors":"A. R. Shugurov,&nbsp;E. D. Kuzminov","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925600454","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925600454","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mechanisms of deformation and fracture of Ti-Al-Ta-Si-N coatings with a Si content from 4 to 10 at.% deposited on hard (WC-Co alloy) and soft (Ti-6Al-4V alloy) substrates under scratch testing are investigated. It is shown that an increase in the Si content leads to a change in the microstructure of the coatings from single-phase columnar to two-phase amorphous-nanocrystalline. The maximum values of hardness, reduced Young’s modulus and load–bearing capacity are achieved in a coating containing 5 at.% Si, which is due to the minimum thickness of the amorphous interlayers between nanocrystallites. It has been established that the critical loads for cohesive (<i>L</i>_c1) and adhesive (<i>L</i>_c2) failure of the coatings subjected to scratching significantly depend on the load–bearing capacity of the coating/substrate system. The Ti-Al-Ta-Si-N coatings on WC-Co substrates, which provide high load–bearing capacity of the system, are characterized by significantly higher values of <i>L</i>_c1 and <i>L</i>_c2 than similar coatings on Ti-6Al-4V. In the case of the soft substrates, the coating containing 5 at.% Si has the highest failure resistance, which ensures maximum load–bearing capacity of the coating/substrate system. When using hard substrates, the values of <i>L</i>_c1 and <i>L</i>_c2 depend on the microstructure and load–bearing capacity of the coatings, as well as the loads applied during testing. Therefore, the maximum crack resistance was found in the coating containing 7.5 at.% Si, in which the columnar structure completely disappears, while the maximum adhesive strength is achieved at 6 at.% Si, when the load–bearing capacity is higher.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 4","pages":"657 - 670"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Ion–Plasma Nitriding Temperature on Microstructure and Microhardness of High–Entropy Cantor Alloy","authors":"S. V. Astafurov,&nbsp;G. G. Maier,&nbsp;E. A. Zagibalova,&nbsp;E. V. Melnikov,&nbsp;L. V. Danilova,&nbsp;A. S. Nifontov,&nbsp;A. V. Luchin,&nbsp;M. A. Lysunets","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925601307","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925601307","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Phase composition, microstructure, and microhardness of the surface layers formed in high-entropy Cantor alloy (CoCrFeMnNi) specimens during ion-plasma nitrogen saturation at temperatures of 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, 550°C and 600°C (for 1 hour) have been studied. Ion-plasma nitriding leads to the formation of a composite surface layer consisting of nitrogen-supersaturated austenite (FCC’-phase), which partially decomposes to form the FCC(FCC’) phase and CrN nitrides. Increasing the saturation temperature assists more complete transformation of the nitrogen supersaturated FCC phase, and composite layers up to 26 micrometers in thickness are formed after treatment at 550–600°C. The thickness of the modified surface layer monotonically increases with increasing treatment temperature up to T = 500°C, after which it reaches saturation regime. It has been shown that nitriding enhances the surface hardness of the specimens. The highest microhardness values, up to 20 GPa, are characteristic of structural states where a mixture of nitrogen-supersaturated austenite and dispersed chromium nitrides are formed.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 4","pages":"771 - 779"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Dominant Fracture Mechanisms in a Nickel-Based Alloy XH73M within the Phase Field Approach","authors":"R. M. Khamidullin,&nbsp;A. V. Tumanov","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925600831","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925600831","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study proposes an efficient method for numerical modeling the failure mechanisms in nickel-based alloy XH73M within the phase-field approach. The material’s microstructure was approximated using a Voronoi diagram, which allowed for accounting the influence of the grain structure on crack initiation kinetics. Critical values of the energy release rate for the nickel alloy are proposed for conditions at 20°C, 400°C, and 650°C. A comparative analysis of crack growth kinetics under monotonic static and cyclic loading was performed. It was found that under identical conditions, multiple crack branching occurs under static loading, whereas under cyclic loading, crack propagation develops in a more orderly manner. The analysis of crack growth rates at 20°C, 400°C, and 650°C revealed that when intergranular fracture dominates, localized crack retardation zones are observed, associated with the need to bypass grains along their boundaries. The total potential energy and its components (strain energy density, accumulated volumetric energy, fracture energy) were evaluated as functions of the damage parameter φ within degraded elements.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 4","pages":"741 - 758"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Precipitation–Hardened Martensitic 17–4 PH Steel: A Critical Review of the Scientific Literature","authors":"I. S. Zuiko,&nbsp;P. D. Dolzhenko,&nbsp;S. I. Borisov,&nbsp;Yu. I. Tkacheva,&nbsp;A. A. Kalinenko,&nbsp;I. S. Nikitin,&nbsp;A. E. Fedoseeva,&nbsp;S. Yu. Mironov,&nbsp;R. O. Kaibyshev","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925600880","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925600880","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is a type of additive manufacturing (AM) technology that offers the ability to produce complex-shaped products with high accuracy. To effectively control properties of the AM products, a thorough understanding of the underlying metallurgical phenomena is necessary. In this sense, precipitation-hardened martensitic steels may serve as an excellent model material for such a study, as they experience both a series of solid-state phase transformations and precipitation phenomena during L-PBF. This work provides a critical overview of the scientific literature on L-PBF of typical 17-4 PH precipitation-hardened martensitic steel. Particular attention was given to the key issues of the L-PBF process, including (a) powder atomization, (b) principal variables and evaluation of their optimal combination, (c) volumetric defects, phase composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of AM parts, and (d) post-processing heat treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 4","pages":"565 - 599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micromechanical Analysis of Anisotropic Elastic Response of Additively Manufactured Stainless Steel","authors":"V. Romanova,&nbsp;M. Pisarev,&nbsp;V. Mukhin,&nbsp;E. Dymnich,&nbsp;E. Emelianova,&nbsp;V. Shakhidzhanov,&nbsp;V. Balokhonov,&nbsp;R. Balokhonov","doi":"10.1134/S1029959926600412","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959926600412","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The multiscale elastic response of stainless steel 316L fabricated by laser powder bed fusion has been investigated using a combination of grain-resolved finite-element simulations and analytical Voigt–Reuss–Hill homogenization based on experimentally measured crystallographic texture. Grain structures and orientations have been reconstructed directly from electron backscatter diffraction data obtained for the top and lateral planes of the printed material. The simulations have been used to analyze the development of local stress–strain fields under uniaxial loading along the scanning, build, and transverse directions, while the analytical approach has been employed to reconstruct the directional dependence of the effective elastic properties in three-dimensional space. The results have demonstrated that the characteristic layered grain morphology formed during laser powder bed fusion, consisting of alternating cube- and Goss-oriented grain regions, produces pronounced anisotropy of the elastic response. The effective Young’s modulus has been found to be significantly lower along the scanning direction than along the build and transverse directions due to the prevailing crystallographic texture. At the grain scale, periodic sandwich-like stress distributions have been observed, arising from the spatial arrangement of grains with different elastic stiffness and anisotropic transverse deformation behavior. The simulations have shown that loading parallel to the grain layers is governed mainly by directional elastic stiffness, whereas loading across the layers generates substantial transverse stresses associated with strain-compatibility constraints between neighboring grains. The analytically predicted elastic moduli have shown close agreement with the finite-element results and available experimental data, confirming the predictive capability of both approaches. It has been demonstrated that grain-resolved simulations and analytical homogenization provide complementary insight into the elastic behavior of additively manufactured materials by linking local microstructural characteristics with macroscopic anisotropic properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 4","pages":"671 - 683"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}