{"title":"Breast milk oxytocin and s-IgA modulate infant biomarkers and social engagement; The role of maternal anxiety","authors":"Orna Zagoory-Sharon , Karen Yirmiya , Itai Peleg, Ortal Shimon-Raz, Rachel Sanderlin, Ruth Feldman","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Breastfeeding has long been known to improve infants' health and mental development and to enhance the mother-infant bond, but much less research focused on the biological composition of breast milk and its associations with the infant's biomarkers and social development. In this exploratory study, we measured oxytocin (OT) and secretory immunoglobulin-A (s-IgA), the most abundant antibody in breast milk, and evaluated their associations with the same biomarkers in infant saliva and, consequently, with infant social engagement behavior. Fifty-five mother-infant dyads were home-visit and OT and s-IgA were assessed from breast milk and from infant saliva before and after a free-play interaction. Infant social behavior was coded offline using the Coding Interactive Behavior (CIB) and maternal anxiety self-reported. A path model revealed that mother's breast milk s-IgA impacted child social engagement via its links with child OT. In parallel, maternal breast milk OT was linked with infant social behavior through its association with the infant's immunity. This path was moderated by maternal anxiety; only in cases of high anxiety breast milk OT was positively connected to infant s-IgA. Our study, the first to measure OT and s-IgA in both breast milk and infant saliva in relation to observed social behavior, underscores the need for much further research on the dynamic interplay between breast milk composition, infant biomarkers, maternal mental health, and infant social outcomes. Results may suggest that biological systems in breast milk integrate to prepare infants to function in their social ecology through bio-behavioral feedback loops that signal the degree of stress in the environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266649762300053X/pdfft?md5=4fb158456df9468c46085f3cf4e072a0&pid=1-s2.0-S266649762300053X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139014272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fantastic voyage: Chasing oxytocin from the bedside to the bench and back again","authors":"Martha G. Welch","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This is the story of my 50-year career in medicine and research, and the people who influenced and helped me most along the way. I recount the way in which I became interested in oxytocin early in my career as a child psychiatrist, and how it led me back to Columbia University, my alma mater, to study oxytocin's role in mother-child innate behaviors. I recount how oxytocin/oxytocin receptor signaling was central to my basic and clinical research and present a new theory on mother-infant emotional behaviors that challenges 400 years of brain-centric science. My history underscores the important and unique perspective women bring to science and why women are especially needed in the sciences. I hope to inspire young women (and young men) who are beginning their careers in research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666497623000474/pdfft?md5=74e3c9412d08bc7e9e4a10ff01edcfde&pid=1-s2.0-S2666497623000474-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135411438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Practical approaches to conducting biopsychosocial research with refugee and internally displaced communities","authors":"Liza M.E. Hinchey, Dalia Khalil, Arash Javanbakht","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Refugees and internally displaced people comprise one percent of the world population. Forced migration involves a multitude of ongoing stressful and traumatic experiences, often resulting in lasting psychological symptoms for people resettling as refugees. Despite these risks, the underrepresentation of refugee populations in research—particularly in biological sciences—has impeded the allocation of effective resources and the development of novel interventions for these groups. This paper identifies and addresses key methodological challenges to successfully and appropriately conducting research with refugee and internally displaced communities, many of which have served as barriers to improving research representation for these populations. Methodological challenges discussed include language and literacy barriers; political fears; differing cultural dynamics between participants and researchers; and others. We provide practical recommendations for overcoming each challenge, often sourced from our experience conducting multi-year studies and interventions in refugee mental health. Several key strategies include the recruitment of researchers and research assistants from similar cultural and linguistic backgrounds as participants; providing detailed, ongoing communication about informed consent; avoiding assumptions regarding participants' understanding of concepts that may vary based on culture or experience (e.g., “voluntary” research; confidentiality); and adopting flexible data collection procedures compatible with participants’ needs and restrictions. Finally, we discuss the role of the researcher in regard to cultural competencies and partnering with the refugee community. Given the increasing global population of refugees, the strategies discussed in this paper are suggested in order to encourage future research in this underrepresented population and empower investigators to logistically carry out studies with refugees.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666497623000516/pdfft?md5=b2d8827b246878973e421e0829483d55&pid=1-s2.0-S2666497623000516-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135510207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Suzuki , Lindsay Till Hoyt , Neshat Yazdani , Mariah Kornbluh , Elan C. Hope , Melissa J. Hagan , Alison K. Cohen , Parissa J. Ballard
{"title":"Trajectories of sociopolitical stress during the 2020 United States presidential election season: Associations with psychological well-being, civic action, and social identities","authors":"Sara Suzuki , Lindsay Till Hoyt , Neshat Yazdani , Mariah Kornbluh , Elan C. Hope , Melissa J. Hagan , Alison K. Cohen , Parissa J. Ballard","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sociopolitical stress arises in reaction to awareness of, exposure to, and/or involvement in political events. Among a longitudinal cohort of 628 college students from 10 universities across the U.S., we explored trajectories of sociopolitical stress during the 2020 United States presidential election season and examined relationships to psychological well-being. Growth mixture modeling classified our sample into four subgroups each with distinct trajectories of sociopolitical stress: <em>High and Decreasing</em>, <em>Moderate and Increasing</em>, <em>Consistently Low</em>, and <em>High-to-Low</em>. Participants with lower levels of sociopolitical stress expressed higher psychological well-being (high flourishing, high optimism, low anxiety symptoms, low depressive symptoms). The <em>High and Decreasing</em> subgroup was associated with the highest levels of civic action. Participants in the <em>High and Decreasing</em> trajectory were 20 times more likely to identify as LGBQ+, and 4 times more likely to be a woman or a transgender/gender diverse student, compared to participants in the <em>Consistently Low</em> subgroup.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666497623000528/pdfft?md5=697acd7db453823ea358030b65377c0c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666497623000528-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92135621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The relationship between balance and urinary cortisol and neopterin in autistic children","authors":"Siobhan de Lange , Dee Muller , Chloe Dafkin","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by stereotyped behavior, restricted interests and social/communicative deficits. The physiological etiology of ASD is not currently understood, however recent research has implicated dysregulation of the immune system as a central feature. The interplay between the stress systems, the immune system and the brain has been well-documented and implicated in other psychiatric and neurological disorders. This interplay suggests a role for the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in the etiology of ASD. We assessed levels of urinary cortisol and neopterin as markers of immune function and HPA activation in a cohort of 50 children from the central Johannesburg region. Additionally, we used the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist to assess autistic symptomatology and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test (Second Edition) (BOT-2) to assess motor skills. No relationships were found between cortisol and autistic symptomatology. No relationships were found between neopterin and any of the other measures. However, a relationship was observed between urinary cortisol and performance on balance-related tasks from the BOT-2 (P < 0.05). Our findings support a theory of neurological interconnectedness between postural modulation and activation of the stress system, which has not previously been documented in children with ASD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666497623000504/pdfft?md5=59404e7aa2812228388c80ada85ab411&pid=1-s2.0-S2666497623000504-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92013653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katy Cooper , Fiona Campbell , Sue Harnan , Anthea Sutton
{"title":"Association between stress, depression or anxiety and cancer: Rapid review of reviews","authors":"Katy Cooper , Fiona Campbell , Sue Harnan , Anthea Sutton","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Several studies have suggested links between psychological stress, depression or anxiety, and cancer incidence or outcomes. Existing systematic reviews have addressed this question, with differing results.</p></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><p>This rapid systematic umbrella review summarises existing reviews assessing the association between psychological stress, depression or anxiety and cancer incidence or cancer outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Systematic reviews assessing stress, depression or anxiety and cancer were identified via searches of MEDLINE, PsycInfo and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from 2010 to November 2020.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Twelve systematic reviews were included, summarising cohort and case-control studies, most of which adjusted for confounders. Regarding cancer incidence, one large meta-analysis reported a significant association between depression/anxiety and cancer incidence, while another showed a non-significant trend. Two further meta-analyses reported significant associations between stressful life events and cancer incidence. Conversely, two meta-analyses of work stress showed no significant association with cancer incidence. Regarding outcomes among cancer patients, three meta-analyses reported significant associations between depression/anxiety and cancer mortality, while another reported a non-significant trend for depression and cancer recurrence. One meta-analysis reported a significant association between partner bereavement and cancer mortality, while another showed no significant association between work stress and cancer mortality.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There is consistent evidence for an association between psychological stress, depression or anxiety and cancer incidence in general populations, and some evidence for an association with mortality in cancer populations. Future research may focus on confirmation of these findings, as well as the role of social support and stress-reducing interventions in buffering against these effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666497623000498/pdfft?md5=66873ebfc80905b556df2057fc9c71a6&pid=1-s2.0-S2666497623000498-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92099224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charlie Rioux, Kira London-Nadeau, Robert-Paul Juster
{"title":"Sex and gender measurement for scientific rigor and data harmonization across studies","authors":"Charlie Rioux, Kira London-Nadeau, Robert-Paul Juster","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666497623000334/pdfft?md5=fe681c4d7fb9c92f54b20866b712d35e&pid=1-s2.0-S2666497623000334-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43703835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O.C. Robertson , E.P. Rolan , W. Wang , E.A. Shirtcliff , K. Marceau
{"title":"Within-person associations of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and testosterone hair hormone concentrations and psychological distress in pregnant and non-pregnant women","authors":"O.C. Robertson , E.P. Rolan , W. Wang , E.A. Shirtcliff , K. Marceau","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prenatal hair cortisol concentration is inconsistently associated with maternal psychological distress. However, prior studies have not often measured hair cortisol and maternal psychological distress prospectively over time, examined within-person associations, nor concurrently considered the complex hormonal milieu in which cortisol operates during pregnancy. We addressed these limitations and tested associations against a similar non-pregnant comparison group. Participants included 68 women (34 pregnant and 34 non-pregnant; M<sub>age</sub> = 29.14 and 83 % White) from the Midwestern United States. Pregnant women were assessed each trimester, at 12, 26, and 38 weeks and non-pregnant women were assessed three times on the same schedule. At each assessment, participants completed measures of psychological distress and provided hair samples. The first 3 cm (from the scalp) of hair was assayed using enzyme immune-assay kits to reflect cumulative levels within the given trimester/3-month time period of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and testosterone. Within-person associations of hair cortisol and ratio of hair cortisol-to-DHEA and cortisol-to-testosterone with psychological distress were assessed using multilevel models. There were positive within-person associations of hair cortisol with cumulative psychological distress (γ = 0.01, s.e. = 0.003, p = .049), anxiety (γ = 0.09, <em>s.e.</em> = 0.04, <em>p</em> = .046), and pregnancy-related anxiety symptoms (γ = 0.10, <em>s.e.</em> = 0.05, <em>p</em> = .041) in the pregnant sample such that on occasions when hair cortisol was higher than average so were psychological distress symptoms. No within-person associations of hair cortisol were supported in non-pregnant women although there was a negative within-person association, such that on occasions of having lower testosterone level than typical, depression symptoms were higher. There were no within-person associations of psychological distress and cortisol-to-DHEA ratio or cortisol-to-testosterone ratio in either the pregnant or non-pregnant sample. At the between person-level for pregnant women, lower cortisol levels were associated with higher perceived stress (γ = <em>-</em>0.28, <em>s.e.</em> = 0.09, <em>p</em> = .003) and depression symptoms (γ = <em>-</em>0.11, <em>s.e.</em> = 0.06, <em>p</em> = .039), whereas higher cortisol levels were associated with higher psychological distress (γ = 0.03, <em>s.e.</em> = 0.01, <em>p</em> = .010), state anxiety (γ = 0.33, <em>s.e.</em> = 0.13, <em>p</em> = .010), and depression symptoms (γ = 0.23, <em>s.e.</em> = 0.09, <em>p</em> = .017) in non-pregnant women. Modeling hair cortisol at the within-person and between-person level revealed differential findings in pregnant and non-pregnant women.</p><p>Hair cortisol concentration, psychological distress, pregnancy, hormone coupling, within-person associations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49777396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Brain trust","authors":"Susan E. Erdman","doi":"10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This narrative describes a personal journey that led to the discovery of a profound connection between microbial symbionts and oxytocin. Pivotal oxytocin discoveries began to emerge in 2011 while this researcher’s multidisciplinary team explored gut microbial priming of the immune system and perinatal health. Inspired by oxytocin's role in early life events of milk release, neural connections, and social bonding, the team hypothesized a symbiotic relationship between microbes and oxytocin. Scientific experiments demonstrated that specific milk-borne microbes boosted oxytocin levels through a vagus nerve-mediated gut-brain pathway, affecting immune functions and wound healing capacity in the host animal. The exploration then expanded to microbial impacts on reproductive fitness, body weight, and even mental health. Overarching hypotheses envisioned a nurturing symbiosis promoting survival and societal advancement. Ultimately, this oxytocin-mediated partnership between microbes and mammals is portrayed as a harmonious legacy of neurological stability, empathy, and universal wisdom, transcending generations. The author's personal journey underscores the beauty and inspiration found in her scientific exploration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72656,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49818563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}