Communications medicine最新文献

{"title":"A national cohort study of long-term opioid prescription and sociodemographic and health care-related risk factors.","authors":"Cecilia Krüger, Johan Franck, Härje Widing, Jonas Hällgren, Mika Gissler, Jeanette Westman","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01135-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01135-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Opioids are essential medicines for pain management; however, long-term use is associated with negative outcomes, including addiction. The aim of the study was to analyze the risk of long-term use after an initial opioid prescription and examine associated sociodemographic and health care-related risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified a strictly defined, five-year opioid-naïve population of adults aged 18-64 years who received an initial opioid prescription between 2016 and 2020 in Swedish national registers. We modeled the association between individual characteristics and odds of long-term ( > 3 months) versus short-term ( ≤ 3 months) use, and odds of different durations of use ( > 3-6, >6-12, and >12 months) using logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 754,982 opioid-naïve individuals with an initial opioid prescription, 8.1% use opioids long-term. Individuals treated for a recent external injury have lower odds of long-term opioid use (e.g., >12 vs ≤3 months: OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.52-0.59), whereas those who initiated treatment in primary care have higher odds (e.g., >12 vs ≤3 months: OR 3.02, 95% CI 2.90-3.14). Individuals with a history of substance use disorders and greater use of psycholeptic drugs have higher odds of long-term use. Sociodemographic factors, including older age, lower education level, and not cohabiting are also associated with longer durations of use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Of opioid-naïve individuals, 8.1% develop long-term prescription opioid use, with higher odds among individuals with psychiatric history and whose opioid treatment initiated in primary care. Careful evaluation of patient health and regular follow-up are essential to reduce the risk of long-term opioid use.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"390"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shared neurobiological changes in individuals with Crohn's disease and major depressive disorder.","authors":"Hanna A Hartmann, Marja L Berthold, Shukti Ramkiran, Lukas Bündgens, Julius W Jaeger, Jana Hagen, Maria Backhaus, Maria Collée, Gereon J Schnellbächer, Tanja Veselinović, N Jon Shah, Kai M Schneider, Ravichandran Rajkumar, Irene Neuner","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01117-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01117-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emerging evidence highlights the profound impact of the central nervous system on the gut. This is particularly evident in inflammatory bowel disease, where psychological stress has been shown to modulate the inflammatory response and precede disease flares. The neuropsychological correlates of the brain's involvement in Crohn's disease (CD), as well as its overlapping neurobiological pathways with major depressive disorder (MDD), remain poorly defined. This study aims to delineate these shared mechanisms using ultra-high-field neuroimaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted on 13 CD patients (age range: 20-41 years; 9 males), 13 age-matched MDD patients (20-42 years; 9 males), and 13 healthy controls (HC) (19-42 years; 9 males) using a 7 Tesla MR scanner. Assessments for symptom severity included the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) for depression and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) for CD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in BDI-II scores are observed among the groups (χ² = 37.16, p < 0.0001), with CD patients scoring higher than HCs but lower than MDD patients. Correlation shows a positive association between GSRS and BDI-II scores in CD patients. Group-level fMRI analysis of normalized fALFF maps reveals significant clusters in the precuneus cortex. Subsequent seed-based connectivity analysis using the precuneus as seed region shows increased connectivity with the left supramarginal gyrus and decreased connectivity with the precuneus and anterior cingulate gyrus in MDD and CD compared to HCs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These exploratory findings reveal similar abnormalities in brain activity and connectivity in CD and MDD. A deeper understanding of these interactions may enable integrated treatment approaches that address both psychological and physiological aspects of these interconnected conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"388"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outdoor physical activity, residential green spaces and the risk of dementia in the UK Biobank cohort.","authors":"Benjamin Kröger, Hui-Xin Wang, Örjan Ekblom, Jing Wu, Hugo Westerlund, Mika Kivimäki, Rui Wang","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01130-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01130-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>How the environment in which physical activity takes place influences brain health remains insufficiently studied. We aimed to investigate the association between outdoor physical activity and dementia in older adults, and to examine whether residential green space (GS) modifies this association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective longitudinal study used UK Biobank data from 187,724 adults aged 60-73 years at baseline (2006-2010) and 36,854 with brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2014-2021). Outdoor activity (via Metabolic Equivalent of Task) and GS (within 300 m of homes) were assessed, with dementia incidence tracked through electronic records until December 2022. Neuroimaging markers included hippocampal and total gray-matter volumes, and white-matter hyperintensity volume. Cox proportional hazards and linear regression models were applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean follow-up of 13.01 years, 7218 participants (47.1% female) developed dementia. After adjusting for covariates, higher outdoor activity is associated with a lower risk of all-cause dementia (HR_{top vs bottom quartile} = 0.84, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.78-0.90). This association is most pronounced for vascular dementia (HR:0.72, 95%CI 0.63-0.83) and is stronger among those living in areas with high, compared to low, residential GS (0.73, 95%CI 0.63-0.85 vs 0.86, 95%CI 0.79-0.93, p_interaction = 0.04). Higher outdoor activity is also associated with higher hippocampal and total gray-matter volumes and fewer white-matter hyperintensities. A combined effect of outdoor activity and GS on hippocampal volume is observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Outdoor activity is linked to lower dementia risk, particularly in those living in more accessible GS. These findings underscore the importance of urban planning that prioritizes accessible GS to promote brain health in the aging population.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"389"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pleiotropic effects between statin intake and inflammation parameters in two distinct population-based studies.","authors":"Dennis Freuer, Jakob Linseisen, Timo Schmitz, Barbara Thorand, Annette Peters, Agnese Petrera, Margit Heier, Christa Meisinger","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01124-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01124-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Besides their lipid lowering effects, statins exhibit numerous beneficial and adverse effects (so called pleiotropic effects). A major pleiotropic effect of statins is their anti-inflammatory properties, but the impact on a wide range of inflammation-related proteins involved in specific metabolic pathways remains inconclusive. Therefore, in this study we examined the association between statin use and numerous circulating levels of inflammation-related proteins using data from two independent population-based studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The association between statin intake and up to 90 inflammation-related proteins (Olink Proteomics) were investigated in 803 and 1008 participants of the KORA-Fit and KORA-Age1 studies, respectively (overall age range: 53-93 years, 52% women). Association-specific multivariable parametric as well as non-parametric regression models were performed to obtain robust estimates. Confounding factors were selected using directed acyclic graphs and the potential effect of unmeasured confounding was assessed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;After adjustment for multiple testing, 3 and 8 associations remain in the KORA-Fit and KORA-Age1 studies, respectively. The strongest evidence (in terms of effect size, replication, and robustness) is found for the positive associations with the inflammation-related proteins TRANS ( &lt;math&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;β&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = 0.21; 95% CI = [0.08; 0.33]; &lt;math&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = 0.035, &lt;math&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;β&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;g&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = 0.13; 95% CI = [0.05; 0.21]; &lt;math&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = 0.019) and TRAIL ( &lt;math&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;β&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = 0.09; 95% CI = [0.03; 0.15]; &lt;math&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = 0.045, &lt;math&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;β&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;g&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = 0.09; 95% CI = [0.05; 0.13]; &lt;math&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  =  &lt;math&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;⋅&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;10&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msup&gt; &lt;/math&gt; ) and the negative association with SCF ( &lt;math&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;β&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = &lt;sup&gt;_&lt;/sup&gt;0.11; 95% CI = [-0.19; -0.03]; &lt;math&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = 0.121, &lt;math&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;β&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;g&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/math&gt;  = -0.11; 95% CI = [-0.17; -0.06]; &lt;math&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"387"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12426230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic complexity of high, seasonal transmission of Plasmodium spp. in asymptomatic carriers in Northern Sahelian Ghana.","authors":"Mun Hua Tan, Oscar Bangre, Cecilia A Rios-Teran, Kathryn E Tiedje, Samantha L Deed, Qi Zhan, Fathia Rasyidi, Mercedes Pascual, Patrick O Ansah, Karen P Day","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01088-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01088-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mixed-species, mixed-strain plasmodia infections are known to occur in humans in malaria endemic areas. It may be surprising that to date, the extent of this complexity has not been systematically explored in high-burden countries of sub-Saharan Africa, especially in the reservoir of asymptomatic infections in all ages, which sustains transmission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here we take a metagenomic lens to these infections by sampling variable blood volumes from 188 afebrile residents living in high, seasonal transmission in Northern Sahelian Ghana. We estimated multiplicity of infection for different Plasmodium spp. through genotyping of antigens and microsatellites. We further defined 'metagenomic complexity' as a measure of overall within-host complexity across the combination of species and strains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We show that prevalence of Plasmodium spp. and inter-/intra-species complexity is significantly higher in larger blood volumes from these individuals. Overall, malaria infections display high levels of metagenomic complexity comprising single-, double-, and triple-species infections with varying levels of intra-species complexity for P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale curtisi, and P. ovale wallikeri. We also report a subset of individuals with highly-complex infections that cannot be explained by age or location. The implications of these findings to malaria epidemiology and control are illustrated by a geographic scaling exercise to district and region levels in northern Ghana.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our metagenomic investigation underscores the need to more sensitively measure within-host Plasmodium spp. complexity in asymptomatic carriers of infection. This will optimise strategies for malaria surveillance and control.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"386"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12423318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meal timing trajectories in older adults and their associations with morbidity, genetic profiles, and mortality.","authors":"Hassan S Dashti, Chloe Liu, Hao Deng, Anushka Sharma, Antony Payton, Asri Maharani, Altug Didikoglu","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01035-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01035-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Older adults are vulnerable to mistimed food intake due to health and environmental changes; characterizing meal timing may inform strategies to promote healthy aging. We investigated longitudinal trajectories of self-reported meal timing in older adults and their associations with morbidity, genetic profiles, and all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 2945 community-dwelling older adults from the University of Manchester Longitudinal Study of Cognition in Normal Healthy Old Age, with up to five repeated assessments of meal timing and health behaviors conducted between 1983 and 2017. Linear mixed-effects models, latent class analysis, and Cox regression were used to examine relationships between meal timing with illness and behavioral factors, genetic scores for chronotype and obesity, and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here we show older age is associated with later breakfast and dinner times, a later eating midpoint, and a shorter daily eating window. Physical and psychological illnesses, including fatigue, oral health problems, depression, anxiety, and multimorbidity, are primarily associated with later breakfast. Genetic profiles related to an evening chronotype, but not obesity, are linked to later meals. Later breakfast timing is also associated with increased mortality. Latent class analysis of meal timing trajectories identify early and late eating groups, with 10-year survival rates of 86.7% in the late eating group compared to 89.5% in the early eating group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Meal timing, particularly later breakfast, shifts with age and may reflect broader health changes in older adults, with implications for morbidity and longevity.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"385"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12411609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Components of particulate matter as potential risk factors for acute myocardial infarction.","authors":"Sunao Kojima, Takehiro Michikawa, Ayako Yoshino, Kenichi Tsujita, Takanori Ikeda, Yuji Nishiwaki, Akinori Takami","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01095-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01095-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 µm (PM_2.5) is a heterogeneous mixture, and specific substances that affect cardiovascular events remain unknown. We aimed to examine the association of short-term exposure to PM_2.5 and its components with hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The concentrations of total PM_2.5 and its individual components were continuously measured using Aerosol Chemical Speciation Analysers. From a national-scale administrative database collected from 828 facilities in 47 prefectures across Japan from April 2017 to December 2019, we extracted AMI data for seven prefectures where these aerosol analysers were installed. The primary outcome was the relationship of PM_2.5 and its components with AMI hospitalisation. A time-stratified case-crossover analysis was conducted, and the approximate risk of AMI by pollutant concentrations was estimated using a conditional logistic regression model. In total, 44,232 patients with AMI aged 40-104 years (74.9% male) were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The estimated effect of an increase in the total PM_2.5 concentration is significantly associated with AMI-related hospitalisation. Upon further examination of the components of PM_2.5, black carbon has a more substantial influence on AMI development than water-soluble organic compounds, nitrate, and sulphate ions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Short-term exposure to PM_2.5 is associated with an increased incidence of AMI. Future research prioritises the components of PM_2.5, with particular focus on whether a decrease in black carbon concentrations can mitigate the risk of future air quality-related AMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"362"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12411610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene augmentation therapy restores vision and preserves photoreceptors in a mouse model of CNGA1-retinitis pigmentosa.","authors":"Yidong Wu, Tianyuan Zhao, Yazhi Wang, Ting Zhang, Chenyue Hang, Yafang Wang, Yang Liu, Zhixuan Chen, Jieqiong Chen, Tong Li, Junran Sun, Huixun Jia, Lei Zhang, Fenghua Wang, Xiaoling Wan, Xiaodong Sun","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01108-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01108-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a leading cause of blindness affecting 2 million people worldwide. Mutations in cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 1 (CNGA1) account for 2-8% of autosomal recessive RP with no available treatment. Here we further evaluate our previously developed Cnga1^-/- mouse model. We aim to present detailed phenotype data and assess the therapeutic efficacy of gene augmentation in this model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The retinal function and structure of Cnga1^-/- mice were accessed from postnatal month 1 to 6. AAV8-hRHO-mCnga1 was constructed and delivered into the subretinal space of 2-week-old Cnga1^-/- mice. Retinal function, photoreceptor survival, and vision-guided behavior were evaluated following treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here we show that Cnga1^-/- mice have a similar phenotype to human patients, characterized by an early loss of rod-mediated retinal function and progressive photoreceptor degeneration, which is nearly complete by 6 months of age. Gene augmentation therapy results in robust expression of correctly localized CNGA1 protein, sustained rescue of retinal function and long-term preservation of photoreceptors for at least 9 months. Treated mice also show improved performance in a vision-guided behavior test. RNA-seq reveals upregulation of genes associated with phototransduction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this work demonstrates for the first time that a gene augmentation approach can restore vision and preserves photoreceptors in an animal model of CNGA1-RP. These findings pave the way for future development of gene augmentation therapy for patients with CNGA1-RP.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"384"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12405462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144980232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global trends of antimicrobial resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae from different host sources.","authors":"Xi Huang, Xinzhi Yao, Yanyan Hou, Dajun Zhang, Rui Xie, Congcong Shi, Yuyao Shang, Haixing Bi, Wenbo Song, Lin Hua, Chunhui Li, Huanchun Chen, Bin Wu, Zhong Peng","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01112-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01112-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Klebsiella pneumoniae is ubiquitous in animals, humans, and the environment, facilitating the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and virulence traits. Most studies are primarily focused on human clinical isolates, leaving critical gaps in understanding non-human reservoirs and cross-species transmission risks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We combined large-scale genomic analyses with in vitro and in vivo infection models to characterize the evolutionary dynamics of 2809 K. pneumoniae isolates sourced from 8 host species across 57 countries. We examined the potential for cross-host transmission of K. pneumoniae, explored its AMR and virulence characteristics across different hosts, and evaluated the temporal evolution of AMR and virulence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we demonstrate that the rise in AMR strongly correlates with the global expansion of multidrug-resistant (MDR) sequence types, while the increase in virulence is partially driven by the acquisition of key virulence loci in certain MDR clones. Population structure analyses show no distinct genetic boundaries between human- and animal-derived strains, strengthening the evidence for cross-species transmission potential.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore the urgent need for a One Health approach to address the dual threat of AMR and hypervirulence, providing critical insights to guide global surveillance and public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"383"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12402274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144980240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomics-based monitoring of heatstroke recovery identifies molecular signatures of organ stress.","authors":"Jiayi Jin, Sing Ying Wong, Kenta Kondo, Toshiaki Iba, Nobuhiro Hayashi","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01075-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01075-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Global warming exacerbates heatstroke, increasing its severity and associated health risks, including fatal kidney damage. Predicting post-heatstroke organ injury remains difficult, delaying timely medical intervention. This study aims to identify potential blood biomarkers that reflect organ stress and recovery status following heatstroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma samples (n = 12) from clinically diagnosed classical (non-exertional) heatstroke patients were collected at diagnosis and recovery. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to analyze protein expression, identifying 359 protein spots. Selected proteins showing differential expression were validated by Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, five proteins-alpha-1 antitrypsin, alpha-1 microglobulin/bikunin precursor, apolipoprotein A-IV, clusterin, and complement component 2-show significant changes between the two timepoints. These proteins are linked to inflammatory, coagulation, and lipid metabolism pathways. Alpha-1 antitrypsin, alpha-1 microglobulin, and complement component 2 may reflect the resolution of inflammation, while apolipoprotein A-IV and clusterin indicate renal stress. The alpha-1 microglobulin-IgA complex may exert anti-inflammatory effects. Complement component 2, an initiator of the complement cascade, has not been previously reported to be associated with heat stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that these proteins may serve as blood biomarkers to assess heatstroke severity and monitor recovery. Their clinical application could improve early detection of organ damage and guide intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"382"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12402120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144980820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}