Communications medicine最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive characteristics and ischemic prognosis of quantitative white matter hyperintensities in adult moyamoya disease.","authors":"Ziqi Liu, Xiaokuan Hao, Qi Duan, Chaoran Shen, Haojin Lyu, Junze Zhang, Jing Gu, Shihao He, Yanru Wang, Xilong Wang, Zhenyu Zhou, Ning Ma, Ran Duan, Xinlin Zhou, Xin Lou, Rong Wang","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00990-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-00990-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are associated with long-term stroke and cognitive decline in the elderly population but differ from the young and middle-aged populations, especially for those with moyamoya disease (MMD). The aim of this study was to modify the Fazekas grade and quantitatively analyze the effects of WMHs on multiple cognitive domains and 2-year clinical ischemic events in adult MMD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult MMD patients and healthy controls were recruited for a comprehensive cognitive assessment. Among 151 adult MMD patients, the average age was 41.78 ± 10.59 years and the male-to-female ratio was 0.94. Adjusted quantitative whole-brain, periventricular (PVWMHs), and deep WMHs (DWMHs) were included in the proportional hazards model to explore their relationships with 2-year ischemic events. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between the WMH burden in different brain regions and various cognitive domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MMD patients present decreases in intelligence (P = 0.000), spatial working memory (P = 0.011), verbal working memory 1 (P = 0.000) and 2 (P = 0.000), mental rotation (P = 0.008), and executive inhibition (P = 0.011). Quantitative whole-brain log₁₀WMHs (adjusted HR = 6.757, P = 0.001) and log₁₀PVWMHs (adjusted HR = 8.824, P = 0.000) are independently associated with future ischemic events. The area under curve (AUC) of the quantitative PVWMH for the prediction of 2-year ischemic events is 0.701, which is better than that of the Fazekas grade (AUC = 0.561) (P = 0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PVWMHs have greater potential effects on verbal working memory, attention, and simple subtraction in adult MMD patients when compared with DWMHs. An increase in PVWMHs could be an indicator of future ischemic events in adults with MMD.</p><p><strong>Clinical registration: </strong>Clinical registration no. ChiCTR2200058251 URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn/ .</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"275"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appraisal of multiple polygenic risk scores to estimate the risk of myocardial infarction and coronary artery lesions.","authors":"Hasanga D Manikpurage, Jérôme Bourgault, Ursula Houessou, Audrey Paulin, Pardis Zamani, Eloi Gagnon, Zhonglin Li, Dominique K Boudreau, Aida Eslami, Pierre Voisine, Patrick Mathieu, Yohan Bossé, Benoit J Arsenault, Sébastien Thériault","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00981-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-00981-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polygenic risk scores (PRS) could help to identify individuals with a high genetic risk profile for coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to evaluate the association between previously reported PRS and myocardial infarction (MI) as well as the extent and recurrence of coronary artery lesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We validated previously reported CAD-PRS and 6 cardiovascular (CV) risk factors PRS (systolic blood pressure [SBP], type 2 diabetes [T2D], body-mass index [BMI], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL], triglycerides [TG], and lipoprotein-[a][Lp(a)]) in individuals of European ancestry from two Canadian population-based cohorts, the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA, N = 24,599) and CARTaGENE (N = 26,806). Using a stepwise model, we determined an optimal combination of PRS to identify MI. We tested the selected PRS for association with the severity and recurrence of atherosclerotic CAD evaluated by coronary angiography in patients undergoing cardiac surgery (QUEBEC-ANGIO, N = 4108).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We show that the CAD-PRS most strongly associated with MI has odds ratios per standard deviation increment of 1.75 [1.64-1.86] (P = 1.57E-70) in CLSA and 1.87 [1.73-2.03] (P = 3.06E-53) in CARTaGENE. In CLSA, the optimal model includes CAD-PRS, SBP-PRS, BMI-PRS, LDL-PRS, TG-PRS and Lp(a)-PRS. Adding these PRS increases modestly yet significantly the discriminative capacity when compared to traditional risk factors (difference of AUC = 0.025 [0.019-0.031] in CLSA, 0.018 [0.012-0.024] in CARTaGENE). In QUEBEC-ANGIO, the CAD-PRS is gradually and significantly associated with the extent and recurrence of CAD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Screening multiple validated PRS may significantly improve genetic risk estimation of MI as well as the extent and recurrence of coronary artery lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"264"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12216164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen sulfide aggravates neutrophil infiltration, vascular remodeling and elastase-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm in male mice.","authors":"Clémence Bechelli, Diane Macabrey, Florian Caloz, Severine Urfer, Martine Lambelet, Florent Allagnat, Sébastien Déglise","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00978-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-00978-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has an 80% mortality rate upon rupture, with no pharmacological treatments available to slow its progression. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), produced by cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its role in AAA remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated the impact of sodium thiosulfate (STS), a clinically relevant H₂S donor, in a periadventitial elastase-induced AAA model in normotensive male wild-type and Cse^-/- mice. Complementary in vitro studies were conducted on primary human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to assess the effects of STS on proliferation, senescence and cytokine-induced apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Contrary to expectations, STS dose-dependently aggravate AAA progression by increasing extracellular matrix degradation. Although STS reduces macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration, it enhances neutrophil accumulation, particularly MMP9⁺ neutrophils, and promotes the formation of c-KIT⁺-MPO⁺ pre-neutrophil clusters. Cse^-/- mice show reduced neutrophil infiltration and smaller aneurysms, supporting a pathogenic role of endogenous H₂S. STS also impairs VSMC proliferation and induces senescence, blunting compensatory aortic remodeling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>H₂S, delivered via STS, exacerbates AAA progression under normotensive conditions by promoting neutrophil-driven inflammation and impairing VSMC repair. These findings challenge the assumption that H₂S is universally protective in vascular disease and raise caution regarding the therapeutic use of STS in patients at risk for AAA.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"267"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12217252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming data scarcity in life-threatening arrhythmia detection through transfer learning.","authors":"Giuliana Monachino, Beatrice Zanchi, Michael Wand, Giulio Conte, Athina Tzovara, Francesca Dalia Faraci","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00982-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-00982-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Life-threatening arrhythmias (LTAs) are a leading cause of death worldwide. Enhancing LTA detection in wearable monitoring systems is of great importance. One of the main challenges in building robust LTA detection algorithms is the limited availability of labeled LTA data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We introduce an effective deep-learning algorithm for detecting LTAs from single-lead ECGs in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest applications. We address the data-scarcity issue by applying a transfer learning approach. The deep-learning model is pre-trained on a massive dataset (72'952 recordings) for rhythm classification and then fine-tuned on the target dataset with LTA events (102 recordings).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our model achieves a sensitivity of 92.68% and a specificity of 99.48%, with a granularity of 1.28 seconds, in detecting LTAs. Additionally, a confidence estimation procedure is introduced to enable emergency service pre-alerts in case of low-confidence detections.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our transfer learning based approach has the potential to significantly mitigate the impact of data scarcity, advancing LTA detection in wearable monitoring systems, and supporting rapid, life-saving interventions in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest emergencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"248"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12215667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and multicenter validation of on-site breast cancer diagnosis using paper spray ionization miniature mass spectrometry.","authors":"Hou-Chun Huang, Hsin-Hsiang Chung, Jia-Ying Yu, Bo-Rong Chen, Ming-Yang Wang, Cheng-Chih Hsu","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00930-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-00930-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Conventional histopathological examination for breast core needle biopsy diagnosis is time-consuming and labor-intensive, leading to delayed medical treatments and increased psychological burden for patients. A rapid and reliable diagnostic method is needed to assist routine pathological diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a miniature mass spectrometry platform coupled with paper spray ionization (MiniMaP) for rapid breast cancer diagnosis. This platform enables direct molecular analysis of biopsy samples without sample preparation. A machine learning model was trained to differentiate benign and malignant samples based on molecular profiles. The platform's performance was further evaluated in a 22-month multicenter validation study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here we show that the machine learning model trained on molecular profiles achieves 88% accuracy in distinguishing breast cancer from benign samples. The model identifies 60 molecular features as potential biomarkers. Additionally, MiniMaP is implemented for on-site analysis in a hospital setting, enabling breast cancer diagnosis within 5 min. The platform maintains consistent accuracy (84%) across 540 biopsy samples over the 22-month validation period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate that the MiniMaP platform enables rapid breast cancer diagnosis and maintains consistent performance in long-term multicenter validation. It holds promise for assisting clinical breast cancer diagnosis by providing instant diagnostic reports to support timely medical decisions and improve medical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"259"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12216043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Germline genetic scores associated with cancer gene expression and immune responses across multiple cancer types.","authors":"Soojin Cha, Injeong Shim, Sang-Hyuk Jung, Beomsu Kim, Soyeon Kim, Mi-So Park, Hyunbin Cho, Yonghyun Nam, Woong-Yang Park, Dokyoon Kim, Hong-Hee Won","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00958-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-00958-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer is a polygenic disease that involves the dysregulation of multiple biological events, including aberrant cell proliferation and evasion of immune responses, which collectively contribute to cancer development and progression. Although the polygenic risk score (PRS) has enabled assessment of the effects of cancer risk loci, the potential impact of other genetic variants with functional relevance to cancer biology remains largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a large-scale analysis of UK Biobank data, including 61,249 cancer cases and 254,203 controls of European ancestry across 16 cancer types. We assessed the impact of germline variants relevant to cancer gene expression and 33 cancer immune responses by constructing genetic scores (eQS: eQTL-specific genetic score; IMS: immune response-specific genetic score) and examining the utility of these scores independently and in addition to cancer-specific PRSs, for each of the 16 cancer types using multivariable logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we show that seven associations are significant after the Bonferroni correction (eQS of MAP3K1 and IDH2 in breast cancer, eQS of PAX8 in cervical cancer, eQS of NRG1 in thyroid cancer, IMS26 in lung cancer, IMS16 in prostate cancer, and IMS8 in testicular cancer). The IMS for interferon responses and effector T cells show protective associations with lung, prostate, and testicular cancers. Combining these IMS with cancer PRS improves risk stratification for testicular and prostate cancers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study provides insights into functional genetic scores associated with cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"265"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12215933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing early phase clinical trials capacity in India.","authors":"Jerin Jose Cherian, Aruvi Poomali, Aparna Mukherjee, Taruna Madan Gupta, Bikash Medhi, Shoibal Mukherjee, Alangudi Sankaranarayanan, Nilanjan Saha, Vikram Gota, Ramachandra Subbaraya Gudde, Monika Pahuja, Saibal Das, Nabendu Sekhar Chatterjee, Rubina Bose, Nilima Kshirsagar, Rajeev Singh Raghuvanshi","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00970-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-00970-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"255"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12216851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of Bifidobacterium by HD5 during weaning is associated with high abundance in later life.","authors":"Yu Shimizu, Yuki Yokoi, Shuya Ohira, Hirohisa Izumi, Satomi Kawakami, Miu Ihara, Fuka Tabata, Yasuhiro Takeda, Takashi Kimura, Koshi Nakamura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Tokiyoshi Ayabe, Kiminori Nakamura","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00977-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-00977-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bifidobacterium colonization of the intestine is believed to have beneficial effects on our health from infancy throughout life. However, how particular members of the genus Bifidobacterium colonize the neonatal intestine and whether early-life bifidobacterial colonization affects establishment of Bifidobacterium-rich microbiota in later life remain unanswered. α-Defensin secreted from small intestinal Paneth cells elicits selective bactericidal activities that efficiently kill pathogens while hardly affecting commensals including Bifidobacterium in vitro, thus contributing to intestinal microbiota regulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred forty-eight fecal samples were serially obtained from 33 children from postnatal 3-5 days to 3 years old, conducting a longitudinal cohort study of mothers and children living in Iwamizawa city, Hokkaido, Japan (SMILE Iwamizawa study). Microbiota composition and secretory level of α-defensin, human defensin 5 (HD5), were assessed to investigate the relationship between HD5 and Bifidobacterium colonization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We show that HD5 is associated with colonization of Bifidobacterium in early life from pre-weaning to weaning periods. Furthermore, high relative abundance of Bifidobacterium in the weaning period, which positively correlates with HD5 secretion, is associated with the establishment of Bifidobacterium-rich microbiota at 3 years old, when the intestinal microbiota matures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests the importance of the weaning period in establishing long-lasting homeostasis interwoven with the host innate immunity and Bifidobacterium in the intestinal microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"250"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12219304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive overview of the burden, prevention, and therapeutic aspects of arboviral diseases in India.","authors":"Himanshu Gupta, Pradip V Barde, Mrigendra Pal Singh, Praveen K Bharti, Nitika Nitika","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00968-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-00968-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Outbreaks of arboviruses have become one of the major and consistent health burdens in India. With no effective vaccines or antivirals, it is challenging to control the exponential increase in cases of arboviral diseases. Accurate assessment of cases, timely and accurate diagnosis, treatment, tracking fatalities, surveillance of vectors, adopting integrated vector management policies, real-time genomic surveillance, and relating these to symptoms and tracking transmission are essential for keeping the emergence of arboviruses in check. This comprehensive review explores current literature and potential curative perspectives, focusing on major arboviruses, including dengue, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis, Zika, Kyasanur forest disease, and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, and advancements in diagnosis, treatment protocols, supportive care, and the development of preventive measures. We aim to provide a thorough understanding of their epidemiology and impact in India, while identifying research and policy gaps that will enable policymakers to design effective strategies for managing the impact of arboviral diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"254"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12214824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of serial measurement of nitrite for pharmacodynamic monitoring and precision prescribing in urinary tract infections.","authors":"Ellen V Stadler, Alison Holmes, Danny O'Hare, Mark Sutton, Colin Brown, Timothy M Rawson","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00969-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-00969-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The ability to monitor host- and bacteria-specific biomarkers along with antimicrobial drug concentration at the site of infection offers potential for individualised approaches to antimicrobial therapy. Although urine collection is straightforward and directly linked to the infection site, the assessment of urinary tract infection (UTI) biomarkers during infection has not been extensively explored. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of monitoring urinary nitrite levels as a biomarker for antimicrobial pharmacodynamics in UTI treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Resistant and susceptible E. coli strains were cultured in oxygen-free artificial urine, with amoxicillin added after 15 h. Colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, nitrite, and creatinine levels were measured at 5 timepoints over 66 h. Urine samples from 25 UTI patients and 25 non-UTI controls were analysed for bacterial growth, nitrite, and creatinine. Spearman rank correlation and Mann-Whitney U-tests were used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our in-vitro model demonstrates that measuring the bacteria-specific urinary biomarker nitrite during E. coli growth in artificial urine can effectively be applied to assess antimicrobial pharmacodynamics over the course of UTI treatment. In an in-vitro UTI model, nitrite concentration can differentiate between resistant and susceptible E. coli strains and correlates with CFU counts. Analysis of 25 clinical UTI samples is consistent with these findings, showing correlations between nitrite levels and CFU counts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Here we show that nitrite generation by E. coli may have clinical relevance as a biomarker for infection progression and antimicrobial treatment outcomes, offering a valuable tool for monitoring the pharmacodynamic responses to antimicrobial therapy in UTIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"268"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12217021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}