Communications medicine最新文献

{"title":"Cross-sectional entomological data reveals an increased risk of arboviral transmission in a year of record-breaking heat in Southern Europe.","authors":"Chiara Virgillito, Eleonora Longo, Carlo Maria De Marco, Chiara Gentile, Martina Micocci, Christos Topalidis, Luana Violante, Federico Filipponi, Piero Poletti, Stefano Merler, Alessandra Della Torre, Beniamino Caputo, Mattia Manica","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00983-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-00983-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2023, an unprecedentedly high number of locally acquired cases of dengue virus occurred in Europe, including the first large outbreak in Rome (Italy). Globally, 2023 was warmer than any previous year on record since 1850, with each month from June to December being warmer than the corresponding month in previous years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an extensive analysis of entomological data in Rome to investigate how the unprecedentedly high temperatures seen in 2023 affected the abundance and seasonal dynamics of the local vector Aedes albopictus population and the risk of autochthonous transmission of both dengue and chikungunya viruses. We applied a mathematical dynamic temperature-based model to analyse adult mosquito collections in 2023 compared to those available for 2012 and assess the consequent changes in the risk of arboviral transmission. Simulations of potential local transmission triggered by disease importation were used to evaluate the effectiveness of human and entomological surveillance for monitoring transmission risks, providing insights for future action plans RESULTS: Results highlight a higher abundance and longer active season of Ae. albopictus as well as a higher risk of local arbovirus transmission in 2023.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings raise concern in light of the predictions for more frequent extremely warm years in Europe in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"307"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between blood cortisol levels and numerical rating scale in prehospital pain assessment.","authors":"Raúl López-Izquierdo, Elisa A Ingelmo-Astorga, Carlos Del Pozo Vegas, Santos Gracia Villar, Luis Alonso Dzul López, Silvia Aparicio Obregón, Rubén Calderon Iglesias, Ancor Sanz-García, Francisco Martín-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01020-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-01020-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nowadays, there is no correlation between levels of cortisol and pain in the prehospital setting. The aim of this work was to determine the ability of prehospital cortisol levels to correlate to pain. Cortisol levels were compared with those of the numerical rating scale (NRS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective observational study looking at adult patients with acute disease managed by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and transferred to the emergency department of two tertiary care hospitals. Epidemiological variables, vital signs, and prehospital blood analysis data were collected. A total of 1516 patients were included, the median age was 67 years (IQR: 51-79; range: 18-103) with 42.7% of females. The primary outcome was pain evaluation by NRS, which was categorized as pain-free (0 points), mild (1-3), moderate (4-6), or severe (≥7). Analysis of variance, correlation, and classification capacity in the form area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve were used to prospectively evaluate the association of cortisol with NRS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median NRS and cortisol level are 1 point (IQR: 0-4) and 282 nmol/L (IQR: 143-433). There are 584 pain-free patients (38.5%), 525 mild (34.6%), 244 moderate (16.1%), and 163 severe pain (10.8%). Cortisol levels in each NRS category result in p < 0.001. The correlation coefficient between the cortisol level and NRS is 0.87 (p < 0.001). The AUC of cortisol to classify patients into each NRS category is 0.882 (95% CI: 0.853-0.910), 0.496 (95% CI: 0.446-0.545), 0.837 (95% CI: 0.803-0.872), and 0.981 (95% CI: 0.970-0.991) for the pain-free, mild, moderate, and severe categories, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cortisol levels show similar pain evaluation as NRS, with high-correlation for NRS pain categories, except for mild-pain. Therefore, cortisol evaluation via the EMS could provide information regarding pain status.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"308"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbidities associated with a clinically-recognized delirium diagnosis in the hospital using real world data.","authors":"Lay Kodama, Sarah R Woldemariam, Alice S Tang, Yaqiao Li, John Kornak, Isabel Elaine Allen, Eva Raphael, Tomiko T Oskotsky, Marina Sirota","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00986-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-00986-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delirium is a mental condition defined as fluctuating disturbances in attention, awareness, and cognition. It is often seen in older, hospitalized patients and is currently hard to predict, with long- and short-term outcomes being detrimental to patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We leveraged electronic health records (EHR) to identify 7492 UCSF patients and 19,417 UC health system patients with an inpatient delirium diagnosis and the same number of control patients without delirium. We used the Fisher's exact test with multiple corrections for the association studies and the Cox regression model for the longitudinal analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here we show significant associations between comorbidities or laboratory values and an inpatient delirium diagnosis, including metabolic abnormalities and psychiatric diagnoses. Some associations are sex-specific, including dementia subtypes and infections. We further explore the associations with anemia and bipolar disorder by conducting longitudinal analyses from the time of first diagnosis to development of delirium, demonstrating a significant relationship across time. Finally, we show that an inpatient delirium diagnosis leads to increased risk of mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results demonstrate the powerful application of the EHR to shed insights into prior diagnoses and laboratory values that could help predict development of inpatient delirium and the importance of sex when making these assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"304"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metformin use on the risks of depression and anxiety in people with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Meijuan Kang, Huan Liu, Jingni Hui, Yifan Gou, Ruixue Zhou, Ye Liu, Chen Liu, Panxing Shi, Bingyi Wang, Yan Wen, Bolun Cheng, Yumeng Jia, Chao Li, Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01006-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01006-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many studies have shown that metformin may benefit mental health, but its genetic relevance remains unclear. The balance between metformin's mental benefits and potential side effects has not been thoroughly explored. This highlights the need for a detailed evaluation of metformin's impact on personalized glucose-lowering strategies in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 11,379 patients with T2DM (mean age 60.16 ± 6.85 years; 68% male) from the UK Biobank to compare the risk of mental disorders between metformin users and non-users. Propensity score weighting (PSW) and multivariate Cox models were used to adjust for confounding factors. Genome-wide environmental interaction study (GWEIS) identified genes associated with metformin use and mental disorders. Time-to-benefit (TTB) for metformin-induced prevention of mental disorders was estimated using Weibull models and Monte Carlo simulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 11,379 participants, 1115 (9.96%) are diagnosed with depression and 896 (7.93%) with anxiety. Metformin use significantly reduces the risk of depression (PSW: 0.771, 95% CI: 0.649-0.916). GWEIS identifies multiple significant genes with interaction effects between metformin use and depression, such as KCNIP4 (P = 7.69 × 10^-17) and BTG3 (P = 9.58 × 10^-16). TTB results show that 1 case of depression is prevented per 1000 patients taking metformin for 8.270 months (Absolute Risk Reduction, ARR = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reveals the potential protective effect of metformin against depression, identifying some new candidate genes that may influence this effect. Meanwhile, patients with a life expectancy of more than 8.270 years may derive mental health benefits from metformin treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"302"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12279957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of lesion and organ negative cast modelling technique for quality assurance and optimization of nuclear medicine images.","authors":"Roberto Fedrigo, Robin J N Coope, Guillaume Chaussé, Ingrid Bloise, Claire Gowdy, François Bénard, Arman Rahmim, Carlos F Uribe","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01009-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-01009-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nuclear medicine imaging allows for a wide variety of data acquisition and image generation methods in the clinical setting. Imaging phantoms are routinely used to evaluate and optimize image quality and quantitative accuracy of features, but few phantoms realistically model the anatomy or heterogeneity of target regions within patient images, such as tumours that are commonly observed in oncology. We developed a negative cast modelling (NCM) technique which enables applications such as non-standard shape tumour phantoms, organ phantoms for radiation dosimetry, and quality control phantoms with small lesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tumour templates were derived from segmented PET images of primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) patients. Lesion segmentations were saved and 3D-printed. Negatives were developed using silicone-based molding materials, and final models cast using a composition of liquid plastic, pigment, and PET radiotracer. Images of lesions were acquired using the GE DMI PET/CT scanner, and image features were quantified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean absolute error (MAE) for tumour volume between the original template and casted models is 13.8%, indicating that the method is reasonably accurate. The high viscosity of the liquid plastic used in the casting process establishes non-uniform tumour models, which is very useful in practice for evaluating image features related to heterogeneity. PET images using the NCM method is determined to be highly realistic by an experienced nuclear medicine physician, due to the non-standard shapes that can be established within the tumours.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The NCM method has potential to enable more realistic phantom studies within nuclear medicine imaging. The cost for the lymphoma tumour phantom study is less than $400 USD, making it feasible for large-scale studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"303"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron homeostasis and cytokine responses in Gabonese children with febrile illness.","authors":"Wolfram Mayr, Paulin E Ndong, Ayodele Alabi, Lumeka A Kabwende, Günter Weiss, Selidji T Agnandji","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-00988-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-00988-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iron deficiency, anemia, and infectious diseases contribute largely to the disease burden among children in Sub-Saharan Africa. Accurate assessment of iron status and its relationship with infections is essential for refining iron supplementation strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We report retrospectively analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of children aged 2-17 years with acute febrile illness (fever ≤7 days) in Lambaréné, Gabon (NCT03047642). Symptom-based microbiological testing identified infection etiology. Blood count, C-reactive protein, iron parameters, and cytokines levels assessed iron deficiency, anemia, and immune activation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 415 screened children with acute febrile illness, hemoglobin and iron parameters are available in 197. Of those, 145 (73.6%) are anemic: 53 (36.6%) show anemia of inflammation (AI), 11 (7.6%) iron-deficiency anemia (IDA), and 29 (20.0%) combined AI/IDA. Others are categorized as multifactorial, with mostly microcytic anemia, transferrin saturation (TSAT) ≥ 20% and varying ferritin levels. TSAT is negatively associated with IL-10, IL-6, and IL-2 in the malaria-positive group, with IL-10 also showing a positive correlation with parasitemia counts. In malaria-negative children with undetermined pathogens, IFN-γ and IL-4 levels are positively associated with TSAT and ferritin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight iron dyshomeostasis in infectious diseases and confirm associations between iron availability and immune activation to causative pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"305"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidimensional sleep profiles via machine learning and risk of dementia and cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Clémence Cavaillès, Meredith Wallace, Yue Leng, Katie L Stone, Sonia Ancoli-Israel, Kristine Yaffe","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01019-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-01019-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep health comprises several dimensions such as sleep duration and fragmentation, circadian activity, and daytime behavior. Yet, most research has focused on individual sleep characteristics. Studies are needed to identify sleep/circadian profiles incorporating multiple dimensions and to assess their associations with adverse health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter population-based cohort study identified 24 h actigraphy-based sleep/circadian profiles in 2667 men aged ≥65 years using an unsupervised machine learning approach and investigated their associations with dementia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence over 12 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identify three distinct profiles: active healthy sleepers (AHS; 64.0%), fragmented poor sleepers (FPS; 14.1%), and long and frequent nappers (LFN; 21.9%). Over the follow-up, compared to AHS, FPS exhibit increased risks of dementia and CVD events (HR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.02-1.78 and HR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.08-1.60, respectively) after multivariable adjustment, whereas LFN show a marginal association with increased CVD events risk (HR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.98-1.37) but not with dementia (HR = 1.09, 95%CI = 0.86-1.38).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results highlight potential targets for sleep interventions and the need for more comprehensive screening of poor sleepers for adverse outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"306"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and pharmacokinetics of the non-hormonal male contraceptive YCT-529.","authors":"Nadja Mannowetz, Stewart W McCallum, Sharan Sidhu, Karen H Mena, Eric P Ruby, Ramiro Castro-Santamaria, Emily Dodds, Dennis Henderson, Gareth Whitaker, Heather Wright, Sarah Beaudoin, Akash Bakshi","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01004-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-01004-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since nearly half of all pregnancies in the US and worldwide are unintended, there is a critical need for additional contraceptive options for men and women. After a hiatus in non-hormonal male contraceptive development of about half a century, the new chemical entity YCT-529 - a retinoic acid receptor-α antagonist - is being developed as a non-hormonal oral male contraceptive to decrease sperm count by impairing retinoic acid signaling in the testes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we report the results of the first in human Phase 1a clinical trial with YCT-529 to assess its safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and its potential effects on heart rate, inflammatory biomarkers, sexual desire and mood. Sixteen male volunteers were enrolled to receive single oral doses of 10, 30, 90 or 180 mg of YCT-529 in the fasted state. Volunteers also received 30 mg in the fed state to study the effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of YCT-529.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Single doses of up to 180 mg of YCT-529 had no effects on heart rate, hormone (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone), sex hormone-binding globulin or inflammatory biomarker levels, sexual desire or mood. Further, there was no clear food effect on the pharmacokinetics of YCT-529.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, YCT-529 was well tolerated in this single ascending dose study (ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT06094283), which is a substantial requirement in contraceptive development.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"279"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Common inflammatory proteins linking frailty and area-level deprivation as key drivers of cardiovascular risk in women.","authors":"Yu Lin, Panayiotis Louca, Ruth C E Bowyer, Afroditi Kouraki, Niccolò Rossi, Mary Ni Lochlainn, Anthony Kelly, Vasileios Georgopoulos, Frances M K Williams, Claire J Steves, Mario Falchi, Ana M Valdes, Cristina Menni","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01012-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01012-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic inflammation is linked to frailty and deprivation, both of which are comorbid with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study aims to identify inflammatory proteins associated with both socioeconomic deprivation and frailty, and assess their role in mediating cardiovascular risk in a large cohort with independent replication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 2144 TwinsUK females aged 37-84 with concurrent measures of frailty (frailty index), index of multiple deprivation (IMD), cardiovascular risk (ASCVD score), and 74 proteins (Olink inflammation panel). A random forest model with SHapley Additive exPlanations identified shared proteomic markers of frailty and deprivation. Linear mixed models assessed associations between selected proteins, IMD, frailty, and ASCVD score. Findings were validated in 57 females from the Nottingham Osteoarthritis study. Mixed-effects Cox regression evaluated associations with 10-year ischemic heart disease risk, and mediation analysis assessed the role of proteins in linking IMD and frailty to ASCVD risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identify ten pro-inflammatory proteins associated with both frailty and area-level social deprivation. Four of those (TNFSF14, HGF, CDCP1, and CCL11) are consistently positively correlated with ASCVD score in both two cohorts. CDCP1 is also associated with higher incident ischemic heart disease risk (HR [95%CI] = 1.82 [1.17, 2.85]). TNFSF14, HGF, and CDCP1 mediate the association between IMD and ASCVD, as well as between frailty and ASCVD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that inflammatory proteins involved in cellular signalling, growth, and migration are associated with frailty, socioeconomic deprivation, and CVD risk, suggesting that these pathways mediate the impact of socioeconomic deprivation and ageing on CVD risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"301"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12276345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal study of risk factors predicting cannabis use disorder in UK young adults and adolescents.","authors":"Martine Skumlien, Darcy Jones, Claire Mokrysz, Rachel Lees, Kat Petrilli, Shelan Ofori, Will Lawn, H Valerie Curran, Tom P Freeman","doi":"10.1038/s43856-025-01018-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43856-025-01018-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cannabis use disorder (CUD) affects up to 1 in 5 people who try cannabis. In order to develop effective interventions to prevent and treat CUD, it is important to identify the factors that predict it. This longitudinal study investigated whether eight potential risk factors predicted CUD levels at 12-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 232 young adults (26-29 years) and adolescents (16-17 years) (48%/52% males/females) who took part in both the baseline and 12-month follow-up sessions of the London-based 'CannTeen' study. Half of the participants (n = 117) used cannabis 1-7 days/week at baseline and the other half had used cannabis maximum 10 times in their life. CUD was measured with the Mini Neuropsychiatric interview for DSM-5 CUD, which was used to categorise participants into no, mild, moderate, or severe CUD levels. Ordinal logistic regression was used to explore whether baseline CUD (yes/no), age-group, gender, days/week of cannabis use, problematic alcohol use, problematic tobacco use, past-year negative life events, and the COVID-19 lockdown predicted 12-month CUD levels in the full sample and in only those who used cannabis minimum once per week at baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here we show that adolescent age (odds ratio = 3.26, p < 0.001) and CUD at baseline (odds ratio = 45.15, p < 0.001) predict higher CUD levels at follow-up. We do not find evidence to support associations with other factors. The same pattern of results is found when including only participants who used cannabis at baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CUD prevention and treatment should be targeted towards adolescents, who have a significantly greater risk of CUD than young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":72646,"journal":{"name":"Communications medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"300"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12276291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}