Cities & health最新文献

{"title":"Equity concerns in transformative planning: Barcelona’s Superblocks under scrutiny","authors":"Isabelle Anguelovski, J. Honey-Rosés, Oriol Marquet","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2207929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2207929","url":null,"abstract":"RESUMEN La planificación transformadora reestructura radicalmente los usos del suelo urbano, los diseños y los paisajes urbanos para responder al cambio climático y mejorar la salud y la calidad de vida de la ciudadanía. Examinamos cómo la planificación transformadora puede perder de vista a cuestiones relacionadas con la equidad, apoyándonos en el ejemplo del plan transformador de Barcelona para implementar Supermanzanas (Superblocks in English, Superilles in Catalan). Argumentamos que las preguntas sobre la equidad distributiva y relacional, incluida la evaluación y priorización de necesidades impulsadas por la equidad interseccional; beneficios o cargas locales espacializados; objetivos de justicia de movilidad; la exclusión y la gentrificación verde, junto con la equidad procesal, deben ocupar un lugar destacado en la agenda de la planificación transformadora para lograr la justicia urbana verdadera. También pueden implicar trade-offs claves entre abordar las vulnerabilidades sociales y ambientales.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"1 1","pages":"950 - 958"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82944976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cities, health and wellbeing: global governance and intersectoral policies","authors":"M. Maina","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2215414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2215414","url":null,"abstract":"‘Cities, Health and Wellbeing’ was published as part of the Palgrave Macmillan Sustainable Urban Futures Series in 2021. The book uses the case of Portugal to offer a critical reflection on the adoption of health and urban development goals into national policy, and local level implementation. National and local governments need to develop plans for resilient growth in response to globalization, rapid urbanization, the climate crisis, and rising urban mental health challenges. Soeiro uses the 2030 Agenda framework to identify indicators for tracking progress across health and spatial planning sectors. She further outlines how these indicators would be implemented across multiple levels of governance, including local and regional governments, national, and supra-national levels. The book is divided into three key sections. The first explores the influence of multilevel governance, including the role of global and transnational goals and priorities on national-level policymaking. Soeiro highlights the increasing importance of bottom-up approaches and local actors in the achievement of policy goals. At the local government level, policy implementation also relies on mediation and negotiation across a wide array of actors operating on multiple scales. The second section uses the health and spatial planning sectors in the European Union (EU) and Portugal to unpack processes of inter-sectoral policy evolution and coordination. Soeiro demonstrates the increasing influence of the ‘transnational’ scale on national-level policymaking. The EU increasingly influences Portugal’s country-level strategies, while also aligning its programs and initiatives to those of global agencies such as the World Health Organisation (WHO) and United Nations (UN). The case study enables an exploration of how national historical, political, and socio-economic development trajectory shapes how global and transnational policies are locally adapted. Focusing on Portugal, Soeiro delves into the factors that hamper the country’s ability to align institution and governance frameworks with global aspirations. She therefore highlights the need to explore how local institutional frameworks might be better aligned to enable effective implementation. The third section demonstrates the importance of reliable data and indicators in informing interdisciplinary policy and decision-making. Soeiro assesses available indicators relating to health and wellbeing, sustainable urban development, institutions, and partnerships to identify the challenges experienced in aligning local data and statistics to global development metrics. In Portugal, these include data unavailability, varied levels of detail, and the failure to account for regional imbalances. Soeiro underscores the increasingly dominant role of cities, municipalities, and local governments in data collection and management, noting that greater responsibility would require increased budgetary resources. With a more dominant role, local g","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"50 1","pages":"696 - 696"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87026144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The social return on investment of an urban regeneration project using real-world data: the Connswater Community Greenway, Belfast, UK","authors":"Christopher Tate, C. O’Neill, Ngan Tran, Leonie Heron, F. Kee, M. Tully, M. Dallat, R. Hunter","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2211226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2211226","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Previous research has illustrated the role of urban green and blue spaces in improving the economic, social, environmental, and health-related outcomes of urban populations. The Connswater Community Greenway is presented as a case study to assess the social value of an urban regeneration project. Using real-world data from two time points (2012 and 2017), our analysis focussed on eight key elements: property values; flood alleviation; tourism; biodiversity; climate change; health and wellbeing; crime; and employment and productivity. Using social return on investment analysis, we estimated the value of the Connswater Community Greenway over a 40-year horizon. The total value was estimated to be between £56.8m and £67m. After subtracting the costs (£42.2m), the net present value of the Connswater Community Greenway was £14.6m - £24.8m. The benefit-cost ratio was 1.34 – 1.59, meaning that for every £1 invested in the Connswater Community Greenway, the local economy gains between £1.34 and £1.59. Overall, the Connswater Community Greenway will provide a positive return on investment which will be realised after 30 years. Social return on investment analysis provides a framework for the incorporation of many multifunctional benefits of urban green and blue spaces into economic evaluation, providing a more complete analysis of value.          ","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"81 1","pages":"699 - 718"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84331242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived environment and neighbourhood satisfaction: introducing a fuzzy modeling approach","authors":"Seyed Mojtaba Fakhrahmad, S. M. Fakhrahmad, A. Soltani, K. Hajipour","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2207924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2207924","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study aims at developing the existing methodology to determine the predictors of neighborhood satisfaction under an uncertain environment. To achieve this purpose, required data are gathered from 320 households living in Shiraz, Iran, including their perceptions of neighborhood social characteristics and neighborhood satisfaction through a questionnaire survey. Due to uncertainty among the numeric independent variables, a set of fuzzy estimation systems are developed, each of which predicts the value of neighborhood satisfaction using the values of one specific subset of the influencing independent variables. According to the findings, the environmental characteristics of neighborhood contribute to improving neighborhood satisfaction more effectively than individual attributes of residents. Fuzzy results, also, show that perceived security, social control and trust are important predictors of neighborhood satisfaction among single variables, while the combination of trust and perceived security has the strongest effect among all variables and can determine neighborhood satisfaction with a high accuracy. Parts of the results were consistent with prior research. There are important implications for researchers and policy-makers in the findings.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"5 1","pages":"808 - 822"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90555279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using spatial analytics to model tree planting priorities in two South African cities of Bloemfontein and Kimberley","authors":"T. Kabanda, A. Gumede","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2195580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2195580","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study uses geographic information-based multi-criteria decision analysis to identify and prioritise tree planting sites to promote equitable access to tree canopy coverage across a city. The study was conducted to find new urban tree plantings locations in the two South African cities of Bloemfontein and Kimberley. The study’s results found several trends highlighting inequity regarding access to trees. In Bloemfontein, 55% of census sub-places citizens are Black dominated, compared to 41% White and 3% Coloured. In Kimberley, 60% of census sub-places citizens are Black dominated, but these places have fewer tree covers of 1.2% compared to 8.3% in the White neighbourhoods. White-dominated neighbourhoods enjoy four times as much tree cover as found in the Black neighbourhoods. The findings of tree planting prioritization maps in the two cities show that places with a high priority for tree planting are often located in townships and low-income neighbourhoods. This work demonstrates how civil society may use publicly available satellite data and the techniques outlined here to hold governments responsible for environmental justice. The results stress the importance of greening policies and initiatives to reduce environmental disparities and advance sustainable development goals. KEY POLICY HIGHLIGHT Maintain and improve the existing urban forest canopy. Create and maintain a balance of trees between the developed and previously disadvantaged Promote the planting of indigenous and drought-resistant trees.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"9 1","pages":"795 - 807"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90552075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthy urbanism: designing and planning equitable, sustainable and inclusive places","authors":"P. Pilkington","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2205086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2205086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"74 1","pages":"693 - 693"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79167801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors impacting the use of outdoor gyms, Israel as a case study","authors":"O. Baron-Epel, I. Ran","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2203970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2203970","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Outdoor gyms offer community facilities for physical activity. The aim of this study was to measure levels of use of outdoor gyms and identify characteristics of these outdoor gyms associated with their use. An observational study was performed at 18 outdoor gyms in three towns of Israel. About 1000 individuals were observed at these outdoor gyms. In addition, observations included location, other facilities, and the mean number of users per hour in each outdoor gym. Large differences in use between outdoor gyms were observed. At the outdoor gyms located at parks and beaches, we observed the highest volume of trainees compared to outdoor gyms in residential areas. The location of the outdoor gym explained 75% of the variance in use of the outdoor gyms. The number of equipment devices explained another 8.4% of variance. More men and younger adults compared to women and older adults trained on the equipment. There is a need to identify ways to encourage the public to use outdoor gyms in residential areas or invest in outdoor gyms in large public spaces adjacent to other physical activity facilities. Developing outdoor gyms suitable for women and older adults should also be a priority.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"R-29 1","pages":"1045 - 1054"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84751704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research for city practice","authors":"Marcus Grant","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2204011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2204011","url":null,"abstract":"SUPPORTING CITY KNOW-HOW We all know that human health and planetary health are heavily influenced by the urban environments we create. For both human and planetary health, worrying trends show ongoing and increasing risks. These are of global concern. It is imperative that finding and testing solutions become a core focus for urban policy. This will require concerted action. Cities & Health is dedicated to supporting a multidirectional flow of knowledge to support this. Our aim is to foster conversations between researchers, practitioners, policy-makers, communities, and decision-makers in cities. That is the specific purpose of this innovative section of the journal, with its short ‘City Know-how’ policy briefings from research findings. The team at Cities & Health, and our two knowledge partners (International Society for Urban Health and SALUS.Global), invite you to join their networks, and contribute to the conversations we so urgently need. We call out internationally to communities, researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers to consider publishing in Cities & Health to help influence urban policy.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"26 1","pages":"288 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75870795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Travel and the travelogue as innovative research methodology: knowledge creation for advancing urban health and health equity in the 21st century","authors":"Gareth Davey","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2176202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2176202","url":null,"abstract":"New methodologies and knowledge creation are at the forefront of advancing urban health and health equity in the 21 century (Grant et al. 2017, Grant and Thompson 2018). There is growing interest in new paradigms about mobility and space in social life, characterised as the ‘mobility turn’ and the ‘spatial turn’ (Sheller and Urry 2006, Hein et al. 2008). Cities & Health has been commendably innovative in encouraging articles involving travel around cities, thereby supporting the creation of knowledge outside conventional academic practices. Excellent examples include Gill’s (2019) visits to cities in Europe and Canada to report on child-friendly urban planning, Selamet’s (2022) walking and driving in Kuwait to photograph street views of fast-food displays, and Davey’s (2022) trip around Bangkok to critically reflect on the design of no-smoking signs. These examples break with convention by bringing travel and travel writing by the researcher into the research process. In this editorial, I introduce the travelogue as a new research methodology. I begin by outlining the key features of a travelogue and how they can be put together as a research methodology, by drawing upon a rich history of documented travel dating back to antiquity, and upon the empirical nature of health and social science research. Next, I guide you through the steps involved in conducting a travelogue study from start to finish, illustrated with an example about cities and health to exemplify what it looks like in practice and what can be achieved. Since travel, travel writing, and ‘travel research methods’ are neglected and under-theorised in the literature, this editorial has important theoretical and practical implications.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"20 1","pages":"283 - 287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73514848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"You can’t smoke here! Some observations of no-smoking signs in Bangkok, Thailand","authors":"Gareth Davey","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2022.2144106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2022.2144106","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT No-smoking signs communicate smoke-free rules to eliminate second-hand smoke and tobacco consumption. In this essay, I critically reflect on the presence, meanings, and context of no-smoking signs in public places in Bangkok, illustrated with photos of signs and accompanying commentary. Impressively, no-smoking signs were omnipresent in the city. However, unattractive designs, condescending messages, lack of language diversity and technological application, and smoking violations observed by the author all raise questions about whether they were noticed and acted upon. I call for an overhaul of no-smoking signs to curb the global tobacco epidemic and its devastating impact in cities.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"56 1","pages":"318 - 323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90599215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}