Cities & health最新文献

{"title":"Is your city planned for all citizens as they age? Selecting the indicators to measure neighbourhoods’ age-friendliness in the urban planning field","authors":"Silvia Urra-Uriarte, Patricia Molina-Costa, Unai Martin, Uyen Nhu Tram, Juanita Devis Clavijo","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2270686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2270686","url":null,"abstract":"In many countries, urban population ageing trends are a recognized policy issue that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Although some fields, such as urban planning, encounter challenges in incorporating age-friendliness, they are crucial in enhancing the quality of life and well-being of all urban inhabitants. Additionally, they should provide solutions on how cities can cater to the needs of a population that is living longer than ever before. To accomplish this, older people’s needs can be translated into multidomain indicators to be adopted when planning the cities. Using the World Health Organization’s age-friendly cities indicators framework as a basis, the objective of this research is to establish a new indicators framework for urban planners and policymakers. With this aim, within the H2020 URBANAGE project, various cities have followed a process to adapt the WHO´s general framework to their specific needs and interests, through research, iteration with the cities and co-creation methodologies with older people and civil servants. This process has resulted in the definition of an indicators framework, which aims to evaluate the age-friendliness of various neighbourhoods within a city. It also intends to inform the development of decision-support technologies to achieve age-friendly cities in the different cities involved.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"82 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136346440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency","authors":"Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Thomas Benfield, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Gregory E. Erhabor, Stephen Hancocks, Richard Horton, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Robert Mash, Peush Sahni, Wadeia Mohammad Sharief, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2276427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2276427","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"14 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135818782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research for city practice","authors":"Marcus Grant","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2262202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2262202","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence supports what we all intuitively know; that human health and planetary health are heavily influenced by the urban environments we create. Outcomes for human and planetary health show worrying trends of ongoing and increasing risks. These are of global concern, so It is imperative that we use urban policy, programmes and projects to test for potential solutions. This requires concerted action. Cities & Health is dedicated to supporting a multidirectional flow of knowledge to support such action. Our aim is to foster connections and conversations between researchers, practitioners, policy-makers, communities, and decision-makers in cities. That is the specific purpose of this section of the journal, with its short ‘City Know-how’ policy briefings derived from research findings. The team at Cities & Health, and our two knowledge partners (International Society for Urban Health and SALUS.Global), invite you to join their networks, and to contribute to the dialogue. We encourage communities, researchers, practitioners and policy-makers to consider publishing in Cities & Health to help influence urban policy.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining discrimination in home improvement financing (Home Mortgage Disclosure Act 2012–2016) and neighborhood health in the United States","authors":"Brigette A. Davis, Mariana C. Arcaya, David R. Williams, Molly Metzger, Nancy Krieger","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2260188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2260188","url":null,"abstract":"Institutional racism by financial institutions historically denied Black homeowners access to home mortgage loans. An understudied aspect of the homeownership continuum is home repair and maintenance, with few studies assessing discrimination in access to funding for home improvement. Using US Home Mortgage Disclosure Act data between 2012 and 2016, we assess individual and census-tract level predictors of applying to, and being denied home improvement loans. We find non-Hispanic Black applicants are significantly more likely to be denied loans (OR: 2.28 p < 0.01), and that loans for areas with a high proportion of non-Hispanic Black residents (OR: 1.09, p < 0.01) are most likely to be denied, while applications in tracts with the highest proportion of non-Hispanic white residents (OR: 0.90, p < 0.01) are least likely to be denied. We find that white (r = 0.203), but not Black (r = 0.02) home improvement applications are correlated with the proportion of Black residents currently residing in the census tract. Additionally, at the census tract level, home improvement loan denial rates are associated with usually getting less than 7 hours of sleep, which is associated with adverse health outcomes. Future research on institutional racism should consider the social and health impacts of discrimination in home improvement loan financing for Black applicants and within Black communities.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135569743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The practices of urban health equity: a call for greater humility","authors":"Jason Corburn, Marcus Grant, Smruti Jukur, Francisco Obando","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2262306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2262306","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"44 25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards climate change resilience and informal workers’ health in Zimbabwe: an action-research case study","authors":"Artwell Kadungure, Rangarirai Machemedze, Wisborn Malaya, Nathan Banda, Rene Loewenson, Alice Sverdlik","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2261755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2261755","url":null,"abstract":"Despite rising concern for climate change in cities, urban informal workers are rarely considered in climate and health interventions. Globally, about two billion people work in the ‘informal economy,’ which encompasses all livelihoods lacking legal recognition or social protections. To encourage more holistic studies of workers’ health in urban areas, we discuss recent action-research in Zimbabwe’s cities of Harare (population 2.4m) and Masvingo (urban population 207,000). Using surveys (N=418) and focus group discussions (N=207) with informal urban agriculture workers and plastic waste-pickers, we analysed their climate-related, occupational, and environmental health risks. Approximately 55% of waste-pickers and urban agriculture workers reported that heat extremes already shortened their working times and lowered incomes. We highlight the close links between living and working conditions; discuss gendered differences in risks; and examine how heatwaves, water scarcity, and floods are affecting informal workers. In Masvingo, local authorities have begun collaborating with informal workers to tackle these risks. We recommend multi-sectoral, co-produced strategies that can simultaneously promote health and resilient livelihoods. Although climate change could further entrench urban inequalities, there may also be unusual opportunities to spark action on climate change by using a health lens to improve livelihoods and foster more inclusive, resilient urbanisation pathways.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135569597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systems thinking guides a community building journey in Malaysian public housing","authors":"Uta Dietrich, Aishwariya Krishna Kumar, Shahridan Faiez","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2260054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2260054","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTMalaysia’s urban poor have been successfully rehoused in high-rise buildings during the country’s rapid development. However, quality of life and livelihoods in these complexes are deteriorating, widening inequalities. Considering housing as a complex system, this case study designed an iterative place-based community-building initiative with residents, covering multiple dimensions. The COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated residents’ vulnerabilities, from job losses to food security. In turn, the programme restructured to meet residents’ emerging needs, adjusting existing plans. Surprisingly, pandemic-related programme changes also had positive outcomes. We share insights for methodology, implementation, scalability, policy implications, evaluation, and funding from a praxis perspective.KEYWORDS: Public housinghealth inequitiesMalaysia NoteThink City Sdn Bhd is an impact organisation seeking to make cities more liveable, environmentally and socially resilient and sustainable. From neighbourhood to national scale, Think City designs and delivers programmes around housing, safety, climate change, urban data to culture-based urban regeneration and heritage conservation via its co-investment and partnership approach (www.thinkcity.com.my).AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank the extensive network of partners who made this programme possible. This includes the community at PPR Kg Baru Hicom for driving the programme with their creativity and commitment; key collaborators such as PERWACOM as critical facilitators, PHSSB, MBI and other authorities for providing the necessary support and guidance; and all other partners for K2K and Rights To The City (R2C).Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).GeolocationThe geographical location mentioned in this paper is Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the Citi Foundation via CAF America [ID#G-ISC-20207598]; CIMB Bank; PNSB Construction Sdn Bhd.Notes on contributorsUta DietrichUta Dietrich is passionate about urban health, balancing the health of people, city and planet. Her career in Australia, Asia and now Europe has spanned practice, policy, education and research. Over the past 10 years she has applied a human development lens to urban rejuvenation with specific focus on vulnerable communities, public housing and climate & health as Director Social Resilience at Think City in Kuala Lumpur. Most recently Uta has joined the Centre of Expertise – Perspective in Health at Avans University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands.Aishwariya Krishna KumarAishwariya Krishna Kumar has a varied background, with stints in refugee agencies, investments, and urban regeneration, complemented by an education in Economics and Political Science. She has spent 6 years working on urban resilience in Kuala Lumpur, understanding women’s safety, homelessness, and public housing. She enjoys gaining in-depth knowledge on d","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135591587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Common measures of green and blue space for built environment, health equity and intervention research: a scoping review","authors":"Daniel Fuller, Martine Shareck, Stephanie Sersli, Carly Priebe, Ali Alfosool, Justin Lang, Emily Wolfe Phillips","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2260134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2260134","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to describe self-report and audit-based measurement tools of green and blue space used for health equity and intervention research. This scoping review was conducted and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). In March 2022, we performed a literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus. We found 22 papers, six of which used self-report tools and 16 of which relied on audit-based measures to assess green or blue space. These tools measure aspects of blue and green space including accessibility, equipment, and use. The System for Observing Parks and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) was most used followed by the Public Open Space Audit Tool (POST) and the Community Park Audit Tool (CPAT). The priority populations most often studied were residents of low socio-economic status/high disadvantage neighbourhoods, followed by racialized groups and women. This scoping review provides guidance on common measurement tools that can be used by researchers working on green/blue space for health equity and intervention research. No reliable and valid self-report measure was used or available in the literature to examine equity in green/blue space.KEYWORDS: green spaceequityinterventionreliabilityvalidityblue space Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2260134.Additional informationFundingFunding to support this work was provided by the Public Health Agency of Canada.Notes on contributorsDaniel FullerDaniel Fuller, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor in Community Health and Epidemiology at the University of Saskatchewan. His research is focused on using wearable technologies to study physical activity, transportation interventions, and equity in urban spaces. Dan has an M.Sc. in Kinesiology from the University of Saskatchewan and a Ph.D. in Public Health from Université de Montréal. He is a Principal Investigator on the INTERACT and CapaCITY/É research teams.Martine ShareckMartine Shareck, Ph.D., is a population health researcher and Assistant Professor in the Department of Community Health Sciences at the Université de Sherbrooke. She holds a Tier 2 Canada Research Chair (2020-2025) on urban environments and health equity among young people. Trained in social epidemiology, health promotion and health geography, she has expertise in research with marginalized populations, on the social determinants of health, in mixed-methods program evaluation and in urban health inequities. She is a Principal Investigator on the CapaCITY/É research team.Stephanie SersliStephanie Sersli, Ph.D., recently completed a postdoctoral fellowship in the Department of Community Health Sciences at the Université de Sherbrooke. She is a health geographer whose research in","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135695576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the community and social determinants in mental health inequity: the impact of mass social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Jin Hui Lee, JungHo Park, Min Sook Park","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2259753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2259753","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study investigates the relations of individual capacity and community attributes with adults’ (age 18+) psychological impacts (i.e. anxiety, depression, and comorbidity of the two) from social restriction directives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Controlling for community-level environmental factors and individual-level characteristics, multilevel logistic regressions were carried out with nationally representative and COVID-19-specialized data from the Household Pulse Survey (N = 1,205,194) conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau between 23 April 2020 and 7 June 2021. Regression estimates show that the lack of community capacities (e.g. poverty and transit use) during the pandemic and individuals’ economic vulnerabilities (e.g. loss of income and housing instability) exacerbate mental illnesses as social distancing measures are prolonged. Particularly, a more stringent stay-at-home order was found to be related to a marginal increase in the risk of anxiety (OR = 1.014, CI = 1.000–1.029), depression (OR = 1.016, CI = 1.003–1.030), and their comorbidity (OR = 1.018, CI = 1.003–1.034). These findings suggest that the psychological impact of social distancing order can be determined by combining the effects of both individual and community capacities.KEYWORDS: Community attributesmental healthCOVID-19 social restrictionshealth inequityeconomic vulnerability Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Authors contributionsAll authors have contributed substantially to the conception, analysis, interpretation, and/or drafting of this research and approve the final version. Jin Hui Lee (JHL), JungHo Park (JHP), and Min Sook Park (MSP) designed and conducted research together; JHL led the overall framework and writing of the research; JHP led the empirical analyses and supported the writing; MSP led literature review and supported the writing; JHL had primary responsibility for final content. All authors read and approved the final article.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2259753Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.Notes on contributorsJin Hui LeeJin Hui Lee is a research fellow at the Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements where her research focuses on health cities, poverty cluster, and gentrification developing the evidence for urban-based solutions to improve inequalities. Dr. Lee holds a PhD in Urban and Regional Planning from the Florida State University.JungHo ParkJungHo Park is an assistant professor at the Department of Housing & Interior Design (BK21 Four AgeTech-Service Convergence) in Kyung Hee University. His research is based in the field of housing demography, urban planning, and urban informatics. He holds his Ph.D. in Urban Planning and Development from the University of Southern California.Min Sook ParkMin Sook ","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135895088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring walkability and bikeability for health equity and intervention research: a scoping review","authors":"Martine Shareck, Daniel Fuller, Stephanie Sersli, Carly Priebe, Ali Alfosool, Justin J. Lang, Emily Wolfe Phillips","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2260133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2260133","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to describe self-report and audit-based measurement tools of neighbourhood walkability and bikeability for health equity and intervention research. We conducted a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. We searched MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus with full text via EBSCO in March 2022. We extracted data from a total of 35 papers which reported on 23 self-report and 15 audit-based measures assessing walkability and bikeability. Studies spanned multiple regions including Africa, America, Australia, and Europe, but most were conducted in the United States (n = 15), followed by Australia (n = 6). The most used self-report measure was the Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS), while the audit tools Pedestrian Environment Data Scan and Bridge the Gap Street Segment Tool were each used in two studies. The priority populations most often studied were residents of low socio-economic status/high disadvantage neighbourhoods, racialized groups, women, youth, older adults, and rural populations. Ultimately, there is no one tool that can be recommended for use in all contexts and with all priority populations; rather, tools may require adaptations to specific contexts and populations of interest.KEY POINTSWhat is already known on this subject? Neighbourhood walkability and bikeability are associated with individual and population physical activity.Few studies work with priority populations to assess walkability and bikeability.What does this study add? Few self-report or audit-based measurement tools of walkability and bikeability have been used among priority populations.The most common self-report measure was the Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS).The most common audit tools were the Pedestrian Environment Data Scan (PEDS) and Bridge the Gap Street Segment Tool.KEYWORDS: Auditbikeabilityequityinterventionself-reportwalkability Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2023.2260133Additional informationFundingFunding to support this work was provided by the Public Health Agency of Canada. MS is supported by a Tier 2 Canada Research Chair on Urban Health Equity Among Young People (2020-2025). SS is supported by a postdoctoral training award from the Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Sherbrooke.Notes on contributorsMartine ShareckMartine Shareck, Ph.D., is a population health researcher and Assistant Professor in the Department of Community Health Sciences at the Université de Sherbrooke. She holds a Tier 2 Canada Research Chair (2020-2025) on urban environments and health equity among young people. Trained in social epidemiology, health promotion and health geography, she has expertise in ","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135828679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}