{"title":"Understanding the Corrosion Behavior of P92 Steel in CO2 Using In-Situ Monitoring Technology II: Mechanism of Oxide Scale Peeling","authors":"Tingshan Guo, Zhiyuan Liang, Qinxin Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11085-024-10268-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11085-024-10268-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The mechanism of oxide scale exfoliation from P92 steel during formation in CO<sub>2</sub> under over-temperature conditions at 650 ℃ was studied by the experiments, thermodynamics, and molecular dynamics. A duplex oxide scale with an inner FeCr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> scale and an outer Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> scale was formed on P92 steel, in which honeycomb pores were observed in Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> oxides. The honeycomb pore size and CO gas generation rate on P92 steel showed maximum values after 80 min. The exfoliation of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> oxide scale was divided into two stages based on the deposition of carbon in the honeycomb pores.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":724,"journal":{"name":"Oxidation of Metals","volume":"101 1 supplement","pages":"169 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141745366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kritkasem Khantisopon, Surinder Singh, Jaturong Jitputti, Christopher C. Berndt, Andrew S. M. Ang
{"title":"High Temperature Corrosion Resistant and Anti-slagging Coatings for Boilers: A Review","authors":"Kritkasem Khantisopon, Surinder Singh, Jaturong Jitputti, Christopher C. Berndt, Andrew S. M. Ang","doi":"10.1007/s11085-024-10251-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11085-024-10251-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High temperature corrosion and slag deposition significantly reduce the thermal efficiency and lifespan of biomass-fired boilers. Surface modification with protective coatings can enhance boiler performance and prevent commercial losses due to maintenance and damage. This review focuses on the development of corrosion-resistant coatings (CRCs) and anti-slagging coatings (ASCs) over the past decade. CRCs are explored through thermal spray processes that include arc spray, atmospheric plasma spray (APS), high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF), detonation gun (D-gun™), and cold spray. Studies on alloys, ceramics, and ceramic–metal composites are summarised, highlighting the high temperature corrosion prevention mechanisms and discussing new coating materials. ASCs are reviewed in the context of advancements via thermal spray and slurry spray methods. The mechanisms for slag reduction, testing methods to evaluate ASC effectiveness, and the necessary architecture for preventing slag deposition are examined. A lab-based rig simulating fly ash deposition onto water-cooled coating coupons for anti-slagging investigations is also presented. Further research is needed to develop and evaluate materials for ASCs effectively.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":724,"journal":{"name":"Oxidation of Metals","volume":"101 1 supplement","pages":"1 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11085-024-10251-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141586309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sanyal, P. Bhuyan, R. Karthikeyan, R. Alroy, G. Siva Kumar, S. Mandal, M. Kamaraj, S. Seshadri, V. S. Sarma
{"title":"High Temperature Air and Steam Oxidation and Fireside Corrosion Behavior of 304HCu Stainless Steel: Dichotomous Role of Grain Boundary Engineering","authors":"S. Sanyal, P. Bhuyan, R. Karthikeyan, R. Alroy, G. Siva Kumar, S. Mandal, M. Kamaraj, S. Seshadri, V. S. Sarma","doi":"10.1007/s11085-024-10252-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11085-024-10252-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 304HCu stainless steel is a candidate material for superheater and reheater tubes in advanced ultra-supercritical power plants due to its excellent creep and oxidation resistance. However, these operating conditions involve exposure to steam at high pressure and temperature on the steam-side and hot coal-ash products on the fireside. In this study, the role of grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) on oxidation and fireside corrosion behavior of 304HCu steel is investigated. The GBCD was modified through grain boundary engineering (GBE) via optimized strain-annealing treatment on the as-received (AR) specimen. The air oxidation, steam oxidation (pressure ~ 243 bar) and fireside corrosion studies were conducted at 973 K for up to 1000 h, in custom-designed setups precisely simulating the operating conditions. Following GBE, the grain size (excluding twins) and coincident site lattice boundary (Σ ≤ 29) fraction increased from 21 ± 1 to 60 ± 12 μm and from 62 ± 4 to 74 ± 3%, respectively, resulting in disruption of the random high angle grain boundary networks through the introduction of twins. Evaluation of oxidation behavior revealed that the GBE specimens have lower oxidation resistance (i.e., higher weight gain and oxide scale thickness) in both air and steam, while the same specimen displayed improved fireside corrosion resistance (lower percolation depth) as compared to the AR specimen. From a detailed analysis of the oxidation/fireside corrosion products and cross-sectional microstructures of the oxide layers, the above responses could be correlated with the GBCD and grain size, and the possible mechanisms operative during the air/steam oxidation and fireside corrosion are also presented.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":724,"journal":{"name":"Oxidation of Metals","volume":"101 1 supplement","pages":"143 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan-Erik Eriksson, Juho Lehmusto, Linus Silvander, Daniel Lindberg, Maria Zevenhoven, Patrik Yrjas, Anders Brink, Mikko Hupa, Leena Hupa
{"title":"Corrosion of Heat-Transfer Materials Induced by KCl, HCl, and O2 Under Chemical-Looping Conditions","authors":"Jan-Erik Eriksson, Juho Lehmusto, Linus Silvander, Daniel Lindberg, Maria Zevenhoven, Patrik Yrjas, Anders Brink, Mikko Hupa, Leena Hupa","doi":"10.1007/s11085-024-10250-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11085-024-10250-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) of biomass has the potential to facilitate negative CO<sub>2</sub> emission in heat and power production when combined with a carbon capture technique. However, typical biomass contains alkali metals and chlorine compounds, such as potassium chloride, which can lead to corrosion of heat-transfer surfaces in the reactors. The combined influence of potassium chloride, hydrochloric acid, and oxygen on the corrosion of five typical heat-transfer materials, which are potential candidates for use in the fuel reactor in a CLC process, was studied using one-week laboratory-scale experiments. The results suggested that potassium chloride, especially in the presence of HCl and O<sub>2</sub>, greatly affects the corrosion of lower-alloyed heat-transfer materials. The outcome of this study can provide valuable information for selecting suitable heat-transfer materials for CLC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":724,"journal":{"name":"Oxidation of Metals","volume":"101 1 supplement","pages":"123 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11085-024-10250-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antoine Casadebaigt, Daniel Monceau, Jonathan Hugues
{"title":"Oxygen Embrittlement Kinetics at 500–600 °C of the Ti–6Al–4V Alloy Fabricated by Laser and Electron Powder Bed Fusion","authors":"Antoine Casadebaigt, Daniel Monceau, Jonathan Hugues","doi":"10.1007/s11085-024-10249-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11085-024-10249-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ti–6Al–4V alloys manufactured by laser or electron powder bed fusion (L-PBF and E-PBF) with or without hipping treatment have different microstructures from foundry alloys. Their oxidation kinetics at high temperatures between 500 and 600 °C for durations up to 2,000 h were compared. The effect of oxidation on their room temperature tensile embrittlement was quantified. It was shown that the growth kinetics of the brittle fracture zone, of the zone with cracks at 1% strain, and of the oxygen diffusion zone were perfectly correlated. Therefore, the embrittlement was confirmed to be due to oxygen ingress below the oxide scale and the kinetics were independent of the microstructure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":724,"journal":{"name":"Oxidation of Metals","volume":"101 1 supplement","pages":"107 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141099274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stoichiometry Effects on Paralinear Oxidation","authors":"James L. Smialek","doi":"10.1007/s11085-024-10245-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11085-024-10245-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Paralinear oxidation models provide a description of parabolic scale <i>growth</i> combined with linear <i>loss</i>, as might occur for scales forming volatile oxide, hydroxide, chloride, or fluoride scales. Classic weight change exhibits an initial parabolic oxygen gain, a maximum (<i>ΔW</i><sub><i>max</i></sub> at <i>t</i><sub><i>max</i></sub>), then a linear loss. The magnitude of these features is determined by the parabolic growth rate, <i>k</i><sub><i>p</i></sub>, the linear volatility rate, <i>k</i><sub><i>v</i></sub>, and the stoichiometric constant of the reaction, <i>S</i> (fixed by the atomic weights and stoichiometry of the reaction). Model curves were generated (at constant <i>k</i><sub><i>p</i></sub> and <i>k</i><sub><i>v</i></sub>) to show that, for typical oxides, increases in <i>S</i> only moderately decrease <i>ΔW</i><sub><i>max</i></sub> and <i>t</i><sub><i>max</i></sub>, but directly increase the rate of mass loss. Universal oxidative behavior can be produced using normalized ½ <i>k</i><sub><i>p</i></sub><i>/k</i><sub><i>v</i></sub> weight and ½ <i>k</i><sub><i>p</i></sub>/<i>k</i><sub><i>v</i></sub><sup>2</sup> time constants. Furthermore, it is shown that, on average, <i>k</i><sub><i>p</i></sub> ≈ 4.1 (<i>ΔW</i><sub><i>max</i></sub>)<sup>2</sup>/<i>t</i><sub><i>max</i></sub> and <i>k</i><sub><i>v</i></sub> ≈ 1.2 (<i>ΔW</i><sub><i>max</i></sub>)/<i>t</i><sub><i>max</i></sub>. These relations apply for a broad spectrum of scale molecular weights, ranging from low mass SiO<sub>2</sub> to high mass Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> oxides. Oxidation of carbides and nitrides may release C and N elements and thus increase the effective <i>S</i><sub><i>eff</i></sub>, with concomitant effects on the paralinear curves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":724,"journal":{"name":"Oxidation of Metals","volume":"101 4","pages":"843 - 857"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141115558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lavina Backman, Kyle Graham, Michael Dion, Elizabeth J. Opila
{"title":"Analysis of Test Specimen Temperature Gradients Incurred in Resistive Heating System Oxidation Studies of Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics","authors":"Lavina Backman, Kyle Graham, Michael Dion, Elizabeth J. Opila","doi":"10.1007/s11085-024-10247-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11085-024-10247-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The need for advanced materials that can meet application requirements at ultra-high temperatures in oxidizing environments is an area of active research. One challenge facing the high temperature materials community is the ability to conduct controlled ultra-high temperature oxidation tests with minimal to no contamination or reaction with the chamber. A unique resistive heating system (RHS) capable of achieving ultra-high temperatures (> 1700 °C) to enable such experimentation is described. A concern of such a system is the potential presence of thermal gradients in directions not reflective of actual material applications, e.g., the hottest region being in the center of the sample. Experimental results from the oxidation of ZrB<sub>2</sub> specimens at nominal temperatures of 1500°, 1700° and 1800 °C in low pO<sub>2</sub> (0.1–1% O<sub>2</sub> in Ar) environments are presented. Specimen thermal gradients generated during oxidation were evaluated using finite element analysis models. Thermal gradients on the order of the uncertainty in temperature measurements were calculated, confirming the RHS suitability for conducting ultra-high temperature oxidation exposures on ultra-high temperature ceramics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":724,"journal":{"name":"Oxidation of Metals","volume":"101 1 supplement","pages":"85 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11085-024-10247-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141062309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olga Samoilova, Ilsiya Suleymanova, Nataliya Shaburova, Ahmad Ostovari Moghaddam, Evgeny Trofimov
{"title":"The Behavior of Al0.5CoCrFeNiCuPt0.3 High-Entropy Alloy During High-Temperature Oxidation","authors":"Olga Samoilova, Ilsiya Suleymanova, Nataliya Shaburova, Ahmad Ostovari Moghaddam, Evgeny Trofimov","doi":"10.1007/s11085-024-10248-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11085-024-10248-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The quest for high-entropy alloys (HEAs) with superior resistance against oxidation at elevated temperatures is one of the urgent problems in materials society, since HEAs are candidates for coating machinery parts operating in aggressive conditions (such as turbine blades, turbojet and jet engines, etc.). In this study, the effect of minor platinum alloying on the microstructure, phase composition and high-temperature oxidation resistance of Al<sub>0.5</sub>CoCrFeNiCuPt<sub>0.3</sub> HEA was studied. It was demonstrated that platinum does not precipitate as an intermetallic phases; rather, it dissolves in the solid solution phases. High-temperature oxidation tests were carried out in a muffle furnace at 900 °C and 1000 °C for 50 h in air. It was found out that platinum alloying significantly increases oxidation resistance of Al<sub>0.5</sub>CoCrFeNiCuPt<sub>0.3</sub> HEA at elevated temperatures with specific weight change of 0.139 mg/cm<sup>2</sup> and 0.238 mg/cm<sup>2</sup> after 50 h of isothermal exposure to 900 °C and 1000 °C, respectively. A dense oxide layer, mainly composed of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, without defects and pores protected the surface of the alloy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":724,"journal":{"name":"Oxidation of Metals","volume":"101 4","pages":"811 - 825"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140941109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isabela Dainezi, Brian Gleeson, Bruno Resende Buzatti, Artur Mariano de Sousa Malafaia, Carlos Alberto Della Rovere
{"title":"TiNbCr Multi-Principal Element Alloy Oxidation Behavior in Air at 800–1000 °C","authors":"Isabela Dainezi, Brian Gleeson, Bruno Resende Buzatti, Artur Mariano de Sousa Malafaia, Carlos Alberto Della Rovere","doi":"10.1007/s11085-024-10246-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11085-024-10246-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The isothermal and cyclic oxidation behavior of a multi-principal element (MPE) TiNbCr alloy at 800–1000 °C in air was studied and compared to Co-based alloy 188. The phase constitution of the MPE alloy consisted of a Nb-rich body-centered cubic (BCC) matrix and Cr-rich Laves precipitates. While isothermal tests conducted at 800 °C led to the formation of a complex mixture of Nb, Ti and Cr oxides, tests at 900 and 1000 °C resulted in the formation of an innermost Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-rich scale layer which provided improved oxidation resistance. However, for all exposure temperatures, the scaling kinetics of the alloy were linear and therefore deemed non-protective. In contrast, alloy 188 exhibited parabolic scaling kinetics and smaller mass gain per area than the MPE alloy. The similarity between isothermal and cyclic test results for the MPE alloy confirmed that the scale does not offer much protection. Additionally, for all tests, there was extensive internal oxidation and nitridation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":724,"journal":{"name":"Oxidation of Metals","volume":"101 4","pages":"789 - 810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11085-024-10246-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140831840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ariharan, Milan Parchovianský, Pushpender Singh, Pooja Rani, Rita Maurya, Anusha Sekar, Anup Kumar Keshri, Amirhossein Pakseresht
{"title":"Hot Corrosion Behavior of La2Ce2O7-Based Plasma-Sprayed Coating","authors":"S. Ariharan, Milan Parchovianský, Pushpender Singh, Pooja Rani, Rita Maurya, Anusha Sekar, Anup Kumar Keshri, Amirhossein Pakseresht","doi":"10.1007/s11085-024-10244-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11085-024-10244-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>La<sub>2</sub>Ce<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (LC) has been identified as a promising thermal barrier coating (TBC) for use up to 1250 °C. In this study, a TBC system was deposited on grit-blasted Inconel 738 using atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) with NiCrAlY as the bond coat, followed by YSZ, and then LC as the top layer. The coatings were exposed to a mixture of molten Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (45 wt.%) and V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> (55 wt.%) at 950 °C for hot corrosion. On the top LC layer, LaVO<sub>4</sub>, CeVO<sub>4</sub> and CeO<sub>(1.66–2.00)</sub> formed as hot corrosion products after 4 h exposure. A reaction between YSZ and the corrosion products could not be observed due to the absence of YVO<sub>4</sub>. The hot corrosion mechanism of the LC-based TBC is also discussed in this study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":724,"journal":{"name":"Oxidation of Metals","volume":"101 4","pages":"779 - 788"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11085-024-10244-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140673027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}