Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine最新文献

{"title":"Ultrasonographic measurement of the collateral ligaments of the distal interphalangeal joint in the Argentine Polo Horse.","authors":"Geórgia Camargo Góss, Fabricio Desconsi Mozzaquatro, Ingrid Rios Lima Machado, Etiele Maldonado Gomes, Natálie Rodrigues Martins, Claudia Acosta Duarte","doi":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm003125","DOIUrl":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm003125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The collateral ligaments of the distal interphalangeal joint (CL-DIPJ) are important structures for athletic horses. Ligament injuries can cause lameness, but ultrasound imaging can detect such lesions, which usually present with changes in echogenicity and an increase in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the ligament. Measurements of these structures vary among authors, which complicates the diagnosis. Thus, this study aimed to describe the ultrasound measurements (dorsopalmar diameter [DPD], lateromedial diameter [LMD], and CSA) of the CL-DIPJ in Argentine Polo horses. We measured the CL-DIPJ of 25 Argentine Polo horses. The measurements were repeated three times, and the mean value for the selected variables was calculated. The Student's t-test was applied to compare the contralateral ligaments and, subsequently, the lateral (LCL) and medial (MCL) collateral ligaments, regardless of the thoracic limb assessed. There was no difference (p> 0.05) between the contralateral ligaments. Similarly, no difference was found between the LCL and MCL for DPD and LMD. Regarding the CSA, there was a difference (p < 0.05). Thus, the mean values for the CL-DIPJ of the thoracic limbs of Argentine Polo horses were 13.13 ± 0.83 mm for the DPD, 8.79 ± 0.57 mm for the LMD, and a cross-sectional area of 0.97 ± 0.06 cm² for the LCL and 0.98 ± 0.05 cm² for the MCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":72458,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"47 ","pages":"e003125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12616747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145544108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of aberrant turbinates and nasal septum deviation in a Portuguese population of French bulldogs.","authors":"Ana Carlos, Hugo Pereira, Alfredo Pereira, Maria Teresa Oliveira, David Ferreira","doi":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm006325","DOIUrl":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm006325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The presence of nasal septum deviation (NSD) and aberrant turbinates alters normal nasal airflow. The role of NSD in brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is unclear but, together with other anatomical alterations such as aberrant turbinates, may alter nasal airflow, increasing upper airway resistance. This retrospective study reports the prevalence of rostral (RAT) and caudal (CAT) aberrant turbinates, and NSD in a population of 45 French Bulldogs without clinical manifestations of upper airway obstruction who underwent head computed tomography (CT) for reasons unrelated to BOAS. Forty-five French Bulldogs were studied, and NSD, RAT, and CAT were identified in 69%, 44%, and 64% of cases, respectively. Animals weighing 11 - 14 kg were more likely to have NSD than animals weighing 8 - 11 kg. Conversely, animals weighing 8 - 11 kg were more likely to present CAT than animals weighing 11 - 14 kg, with a marginal statistical significance. No correlations were observed between body weight and RAT, nor between body weight and gender or reproductive status. The higher frequency of NSD-affected French Bulldogs observed in our study, when compared to previous studies in French Bulldogs with BOAS, suggests that NSD may play a minor role in upper airway obstruction within the entire bundle of anatomical aberrations present in the skull of French Bulldogs. On the other hand, RAT may play a more significant role in the development of clinical manifestations of upper airway obstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":72458,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"47 ","pages":"e006325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12616748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145544084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monensin intoxication due to intraruminal boluses in beef cattle: retrospective analysis of 7 outbreaks.","authors":"Agustina Tettamanti, Germán José Cantón, Emiliano Sosa, Eleonora Morrell, María Valeria Scioli, Delfina Balbuena, Juan Agustín García","doi":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm006525","DOIUrl":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm006525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monensin is an ionophore antibiotic well known for its multiple benefits in cattle diets. Toxic monensin Lethal Dose 50 (LD₅₀) concentrations in cattle are reported from 26 mg/kg BW. Intraruminal monensin boluses consist of controlled-released capsules, often administered to beef or dairy cattle. Seven outbreaks were analyzed, all occurring in Buenos Aires province between 1997 and 2024 affecting steers in extensive or semi-extensive grazing systems. Clinical signs appeared one to five months after boluses application and included loss of appetite, decay, recumbency, reluctance to move, tachypnea, isolation, muscle tremors, ear drooping and sudden death. Twelve necropsies were performed, and gross findings included pale multifocal streaks myocardium of both ventricles, edema in cavities and mesenteries, hepatomegaly, and diffusely non collapsed or inflated lung with interlobular edema. Microscopically, the most characteristic lesion present in all 12 necropsies was necrotizing cardiomyopathy in different stages of regeneration, some of them being polyphasic. Masson trichrome stain revealed fibrous connective tissue in extensive multiple areas replacing cardiac muscle cells. Mean serum CPK was considered moderately to highly elevated. Herein in all 7 outbreaks, boluses apparently failed to release pills correctly. In conclusion, though toxicosis after failure of intraruminal boluses in grazing cattle are rare, it is important to describe the occurrence of cases when release bolus mechanism fails, causing intoxication that evolves from subacute to chronic, with characteristic pathological findings of polyphasic muscle lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72458,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"47 ","pages":"e006525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12607128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzootic calcinosis caused by <i>Solanum glaucophyllum</i> in cattle: retrospective analysis of 23 outbreaks in Central Argentina.","authors":"Emiliano Sosa, Germán José Cantón, Facundo Urtizbiria, Eleonora Morrell, María Valeria Scioli, Ernesto Odriozola, Juan Agustín García","doi":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm005425","DOIUrl":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm005425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enzootic calcinosis (EC) is a chronic disease mainly affecting ruminants consuming calcinogenic plants. In Argentina, EC is associated by the consumption of <i>Solanum glaucophyllum</i> in beef grazing cattle and is one of the most frequent toxicities affecting livestock from low-flooded areas. In this paper, we describe 23 outbreaks of EC in beef cattle due to consumption of <i>S. glaucophyllum</i> in central Argentina between 1990 to 2024. Outbreaks occurred more frequently during the summer-autumn (February-May) and affected more frequently adult beef cattle. An average morbidity and mortality of 13.75% and 4.22% were registered, respectively. The main clinical signs were progressive emaciation, limbs stiffness, and lameness. Necropsies were performed, and gross findings included multifocal-coalescent mineralization of blood vessels, heart, and lung. Microscopically, severe diffuse mineralization was observed mainly in the endocardium and intima and media layers of the aorta. Intra-alveolar mineralization was observed lining the wall of the alveolar septa, confirming calcium salt deposits by von Kossa staining. Blood calcium and phosphorus values in affected cattle remained within the reference ranges. Consumption of <i>S. glaucophyllum</i> was confirmed in all outbreaks. Despite being an endemic problem in the beef industry in Argentina, there are no effective treatments or control strategies, therefore, further studies are necessary to prevent the occurrence of EC.</p>","PeriodicalId":72458,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"47 ","pages":"e005425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12607133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin disorders in free-ranging Chilean dolphins (<i>Cephalorhynchus eutropia</i>) from Biobío, Chile.","authors":"Felipe Oyarzún-Cordova, Marie-Francoise Van Bressem, Camila Calderón-Quirgas, Gierke Medina-Rojas, Daniel Lagos-Alister, Heraldo V Norambuena, Andrea Cisterna-Concha","doi":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm007625","DOIUrl":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm007625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin disorders reports in cetaceans are increasing worldwide and may reflect individual or population health. This study describes the occurrence and distribution of skin disorders in Chilean dolphins <i>Cephalorhynchus eutropia</i> from Gulf of Arauco, Chile, based on photographic records collected during a summer 2024 expedition. A total of 685 photos were reviewed, with 39 meeting quality criteria and 16 showing identifiable skin lesions. Of the 37 dolphins photo-identified, 17 (45.95%) presented lesions. Tattoo skin disease (TSD) was diagnosed in 29.73% of individuals, with one animal showing signs of healing. Pale skin patches (PSP) and orange hues were also observed, with a prevalence of 10.81% and 5.41%, respectively. Lesions were primarily located on the thorax and lumbar regions and varied in size. This is the first report of TSD in Chilean dolphins from the Gulf of Arauco. Although the aetiology of PSP and orange hues remains uncertain, they may be associated with environmental factors such as salinity and diatom colonization. Given the conservation category of this endemic species, continuous monitoring of skin conditions and environmental parameters is recommended to understand the health implications and design conservation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72458,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"47 ","pages":"e007625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12607127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of cow and heifer categories on the hematology of Murrah buffaloes (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>) raised in the microregion of Santarém, Pará, Brazil.","authors":"Thiago Nogueira da Silva, Rubens Lima de Andrade, Carlos Eduardo Lima Sousa, Katarina Cardoso de Carvalho, Lael Evaristo Alves, Douglas Ferreira de Moraes, Raimundo Nonato Colares Carmago-Junior, Cláudio Vieira de Araújo, Kedson Alessandri Lobo Neves, Edmilson Cássio Braga Nogueira, Eldinei Mesquita Mendes, Welligton Conceição da Silva","doi":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm003025","DOIUrl":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm003025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hematological profile is indicated to evaluate the physiological condition of buffaloes, providing information on the functionality of production systems and their response to environmental factors. In tropical regions, such as the Lower Amazon, high temperature and relative humidity can lead to heat stress, affecting hematological parameters. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the cow and heifer categories on the hematology of female Murrah water buffaloes (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>) raised in the Microregion of Santarém, Pará, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 90 Murrah buffalo females, divided into two categories: heifers (22 to 24 months) and cows (36 to 38 months). A complete blood count was performed, considering the red and white series. The T test was applied to compare the means of parameters between categories (heifers and cows), using the RStudio Desktop 1.3.1093 software. There was a difference in hemoglobin (<i>p</i> = 0.0424), hematocrit (<i>p</i> = 0.0090) and MCV (<i>p</i> = 0.0393) higher in heifers and MCHC (<i>p</i> = 0.0289) in cows. On the other hand, there was no difference for the parameters red blood cells (<i>p</i> = 0.4363), MCH (<i>p</i> = 0.1042) and RBC (<i>p</i> = 0.6722). In relation to the white series, there was a difference in the absolute values of leukocytes (<i>p</i> = 0.0069), lymphocytes (<i>p</i> = 0.0008), atypical lymphocytes (<i>p</i> = 0.0351) and monocytes (<i>p</i> = 0.0477), being higher in heifers than in cows. On the other hand, the segmented ones (<i>p</i> = 0.0002) were higher in cows when compared to heifers. The other leukocyte parameters did not present statistical difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Therefore, there were higher amounts of white and red cells for heifers when compared to cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":72458,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"47 ","pages":"e003025"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145253677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of cases and analysis of First-instance Judgments in Ethical Proceedings at the Regional Council of Veterinary Medicine of the State of São Paulo.","authors":"Roberta Tognareli Ruiz, Rosemary Viola Bosch, Suely Stringari, Jorge Luis Maria Ruiz, Paulo Cezar Maiorka","doi":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm002725","DOIUrl":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm002725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Brazil, veterinary medicine is regulated by a resolution that sets out the Code of Ethics of the Veterinary Medical Profession, established by the Federal Council, which has national jurisdiction and compliance with which is monitored by the regional councils in each state. Some regional councils have reported an increase in the number of complaints of unethical proceedings in recent years, although this trend is not uniform across all Brazilian states. This increase has not yet been consistently documented. In this paper, a quantitative and qualitative description of cases of ethical infractions reported to the Regional Council of Veterinary Medicine of the State of São Paulo-the largest in Brazil, with approximately 59,324 (29%) registered veterinary doctors-is presented, covering the period from 2021 to 2023. Thus, a retrospective study was carried out to determine the profile of the reported professionals, the main motivations for the ethics-based complaints, and to characterize the case law of the cases judged in the first instance at the Regional Council of Veterinary Medicine of the State of São Paulo (CRMV-SP). The data analyzed shows that half of the complaints in the period were considered unfounded, and 123 complaints resulted in different types of conviction. The main article violated in the analyzed cases is Article 9 of the Code of Ethics for Veterinarians, which addresses ethical responsibility in the provision of professional services. This study demonstrates the need for veterinarians to become better acquainted with the ethical standards of the profession.</p>","PeriodicalId":72458,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"47 ","pages":"e002725"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145253606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutaneous basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in a captive blue-fronted amazon (<i>Amazona aestiva)</i> in Paraguay: gross description, histological and immunohistochemical findings.","authors":"Joerg Richard Vetter, Leila Gertrudis Maidana, Thalita Evani Silva de Oliveira","doi":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm002425","DOIUrl":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm002425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant neoplasm that usually arises from the integument, and is reported uncommonly in pet birds. Basaloid SCC is a variant from the prototypic squamous cell carcinoma and is a biologically high grade tumor that shows a sharp predilection for the base of the tongue, the hypopharynx and the supraglottic larynx, manifesting deep and lateral invasion. We present the case of an <i>Amazon aestiva</i> from Paraguay with a basaloid SCC in the skin, of 8 months of evolution. Histologically, the findings were compatible with poorly differentiated carcinoma, and immunohistochemistry resulted positive for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and 34βe12, and negative for BerEP4, vimentin and CK7, suggesting a basaloid variant of SCC. The owner reported that two weeks after the surgical removal of the mass, the animal was found dead and buried immediately, which is why post-mortem studies could not be carried out. In humans, basaloid SCC is associated with the upper aerodigestive tract but reports distant metastasis, even to the skin, suggesting a primary tumor elsewhere. To the authors best knowledge, this is the first report of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in a bird.</p>","PeriodicalId":72458,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"47 ","pages":"e002425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12494356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful surgical management of Ménétrier-like disease in a Devon Rex cat.","authors":"Evelina Burbaitė, Vytautas Stankus, Cynthia de Vries, Brigita Bandzevičiūtė, Vytautas Sabūnas","doi":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm005625","DOIUrl":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm005625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ménétrier's disease is a rare human condition that causes diffuse hypertrophy of the gastric rugal folds. A similar condition in dogs has been reported as Ménétrier-like disease (MLD). To date, only two feline cases have been reported, and treatment was either unsuccessful or not documented. A 3-year-old female spayed Devon Rex cat was presented with acute nausea, retching, and vomiting. Within two months, multiple tests were performed to reach the diagnosis. Macroscopically, during gastroduodenoscopy, cerebriform hypertrophic gastric mucosal folds were observed in the gastric fundus, cardia, and greater curvature of the stomach. Superficial biopsy sampling of the gastric mucosa showed mild mucosal oedema and low numbers of <i>Helicobacter</i> spp. Considering the course of the disease, persistent gastrointestinal symptoms, and quality of life, a partial gastrectomy was performed. Histology of full-thickness biopsies confirmed hyperplastic fibrosing gastropathy with multifocal cystic dilated gastric glands resembling Ménétrier-like disease in dogs. At the time of the 3-month follow-up, the cat was asymptomatic, and the gastroduodenoscopy was unremarkable. This case report presents clinical findings, challenging diagnostics, and a novel treatment option in a cat with hyperplastic fibrosing gastropathy. To the authors'knowledge, this is the first reported successful surgical management of MLD in a cat.</p>","PeriodicalId":72458,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"47 ","pages":"e005625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are there differences in abomasal morphology in calves fed eight liters of milk and concentrate or good quality alfalfa hay?","authors":"Noelia Vazquez, Dellis Dos Santos, Germán Antúnez, Nicolás Amaro, Josefina Escardó, Lucía López, Cecilia Cajarville","doi":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm002825","DOIUrl":"10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm002825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the anatomical and histological characteristics of the abomasum in weaned Holstein calves under two feeding regimens: high-quality alfalfa hay and starter concentrate. The calves were raised under an accelerated feeding system (milk diet provided at 20% of their body weight). This study aimed to determine the effects of diet on the development of the abomasum during the early life stages of calves, which is crucial for digesting both milk and solid feed. Twenty newborn male Holstein calves were randomly assigned to either diet group and monitored from 56 to 60 days of age. Organ weight, abomasal curvature length, and number of abomasal folds were measured. Histological slides were prepared for microscopic examination. No significant differences in anatomical and histological parameters were observed between the two dietary groups, suggesting that both diets provided adequate nutritional support for development. Although the quantity of feed differed, the primary component, milk, remained consistent, contributing to balanced nutrition. This study emphasized the importance of early nutrition in calves and its influence on the anatomical and histological development of the abomasum. However, potential subtle differences warrant further investigation to determine long-term consequences on digestive health and efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":72458,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"47 ","pages":"e002825"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12483120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}