Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)最新文献_第5页

Assessing the neuroprotective benefits of Cannabis sativa in epilepsy management

Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100180

Mohd.Shoeb Abdul Mukhtar, Ravikant Gupta, Renuka Balpande

引用次数: 0

A rare case report of metastasis to duraplasty site in a patient with esophageal carcinoma

Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100179

Ajaya Kumar Ayyappan Unnithan, Anu Jose Markose

引用次数: 0

Genetic insights and molecular pathways in Alzheimer's disease: Unveiling the complexity of neurodegeneration

Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100178

Chandana Yesudas, Neethu P, Illakkiam Devaraj

{"title":"Genetic insights and molecular pathways in Alzheimer's disease: Unveiling the complexity of neurodegeneration","authors":"Chandana Yesudas, Neethu P, Illakkiam Devaraj","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques and tau tangles in the brain. We conducted a comprehensive Differential Gene Expression (DGE) analysis using RNA sequencing and microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying AD. Forty-three datasets, encompassing 902 samples from various biological sources, were analysed. The study identified 157 frequently upregulated and 177 down-regulated genes associated with AD. Upregulated genes include <em>DDX3Y, H6PD</em> and <em>KIF1B</em>, while down-regulated genes include <em>CREM, CD44,</em> and HES4. Functional enrichment analysis using Enrichr revealed significantly upregulated pathways, including the PI3K-Akt signalling and Wnt signalling pathways. The downregulated pathways include the immune system and TNF signalling pathway. Network analysis with STRING identified key interactive genes, including <em>MYC, HSP90AB1</em> and <em>CENPA</em> among the upregulated genes, and <em>ENO1, RPLP0</em>, and <em>RPS3A</em> among down-regulated genes. Additionally, the research focused on identifying transcription factors and miRNAs associated with AD, revealing critical regulatory elements influencing disease progression. These findings provide insights into the dysregulated pathways, key genes, and regulatory mechanisms involved in AD, offering potential targets for therapeutic intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acquired demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system in a sample of Egyptian children

Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100177

Mohamed Ahmed, Shora Mostafa, Mohamed Rashad, Abdel-Ghaffar Fayed

{"title":"Acquired demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system in a sample of Egyptian children","authors":"Mohamed Ahmed, Shora Mostafa, Mohamed Rashad, Abdel-Ghaffar Fayed","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acquired demyelinating syndrome (ADS) is a group of inflammatory immune-mediated attacks on the central nervous system's (CNS) myelin sheath, presenting as optic neuritis or transverse myelitis. The study aimed to studying ADS in children is growing, with implications for better management and outcome. This is a cross-sectional study analyzing patients with neuro-immune diseases at Al-Azhar University hospitals under 18 years old with CNS inflammatory demyelination. They undergo comprehensive medical and neurological examinations, with follow-up data collected at six-months post-onset. Diagnosis requires AQP4 antibody, clinical criteria, and additional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) requirements. The study included 59 patients with ADS; 46 % were diagnosed with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), 14 % had clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), 14 % had myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD), 20 % had multiple sclerosis (MS), and 6.8 % had neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Most participants were urban residents. Clinical presentation showed encephalopathy in 55.9 % of participants, with ADEM having the highest prevalence (93 %). Motor symptoms were prevalent in 84.7 %, with sensory symptoms highest in the NMOSD group. Cerebellar symptoms were reported by 52 %, with ADEM having the highest rate (74 %). 20.3 % of cases had brain abnormalities on MRI scans, with no significant difference between groups. In conclusion this study provides detailed information on pediatric ADS (PADS) patients in Egypt, a developing country lacking research coverage. It investigates clinical profiles, laboratory findings, treatment, and prognosis. However, limitations include a single center experience, potential information bias, and short follow-up duration, highlighting the need for more longitudinal multicenter studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional outcomes in adults following corpus callosotomy: A systematic review

Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100176

Shriya Parekh , Deepa Anand Bapat

引用次数: 0

Cavernous sinus syndrome secondary to trigeminal nerve invasion by cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: A case report and brief review

Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100175

Helena Alves de Andrade Ribeiro , Lucas Grobério Moulim de Moraes , David Jamil Hadad , Vitor Fiorin de Vasconcellos , Giselle Alves de Oliveira

{"title":"Cavernous sinus syndrome secondary to trigeminal nerve invasion by cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: A case report and brief review","authors":"Helena Alves de Andrade Ribeiro , Lucas Grobério Moulim de Moraes , David Jamil Hadad , Vitor Fiorin de Vasconcellos , Giselle Alves de Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) has a broad clinical spectrum, especially when it affects the head and neck. Given the possible presentations, there is perineural dissemination, with an unfavorable prognosis and involvement of less differentiated tumor cells. A possible outcome is cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS), which encompasses the cavernous sinus, an anatomical structure that includes the oculomotor, trochlear, abducens nerves and the V1 and V2 branches of the trigeminal nerve.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We present a 62-year-old white man who manifested unilateral progressive ptosis, binocular diplopia and supraorbital pain in the right eye.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The relevant history of skin neoplasms on the head raised the diagnostic hypothesis. Neuroimaging evaluation demonstrated nerve infiltration of the trigeminal nerve with tumor expansion at the level of the ipsilateral cavernous sinus.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The concomitance between cSCC and CSS correlates with the participation of the neural growth factor and the overexpression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), with dermatological and neurological manifestations. In this context, the standard treatment used is cemiplimab, an immunotherapy used in unresectable and metastatic tumors and recently emerging as neoadjuvant therapy in surgical cases. The present report illustrates the association of such entities with the use of the described monoclonal antibody.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reliability of modified functional reach test in children with cerebral palsy aged 6–18 years: An observational cross-sectional study 6-18岁脑瘫儿童改良功能性伸手测验的可靠性：观察性横断面研究

Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100172

Abhijeet Arun Deshmukh, Mayuri Anil Tijare, Maneesha Shrikrishna Deshpande

{"title":"Reliability of modified functional reach test in children with cerebral palsy aged 6–18 years: An observational cross-sectional study","authors":"Abhijeet Arun Deshmukh, Mayuri Anil Tijare, Maneesha Shrikrishna Deshpande","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Balance in sitting plays an important role among children with cerebral palsy. The modified functional reach test(mFRT) is reliable tool to evaluate both static and dynamic sitting balance among children but the reliability of mFRT has not been proven among cerebral palsy children.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To find the reliability of mFRT(forward reach, left lateral and right lateral reach), cerebral palsy children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and Material</h3><div>An observational cross-sectional study on 90 children with cerebral palsy aged 6-to-18 years was randomly selected. The children reached forward and at both the lateral directions. Three successive trials of forward reach and lateral reaches with the child sitting with feet shoulder width apart were performed and the mean of 3 trials was calculated. Reliability of mFRT test in all the directions (forward, left and right lateral) was found out.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Reliability of mFRT test was found out in all the directions. The values of reach in age groups were compared. The genders were compared with the mFRT. GMFCS levels were compared with mFRT. BMI was correlated with mFRT.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study found excellent intra rater reliability(test-retest reliability) of mFRT in children with cerebral palsy aged 6–18years, in all directions; forward reach test <em>r</em> = 0.996, left lateral reach test <em>r</em> = 0.974, right lateral reach test <em>r</em> = 0.988. This test can be used to evaluate the dynamic sitting balance of children with cerebral palsy of age 6–18 years in both genders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The mFRT has excellent intra rater-reliability among cerebral palsy children of 6–18 years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuroprotective effects of oleanolic acid against secondary cascades of traumatic brain injury in mice 齐墩果酸对小鼠脑外伤继发级联的神经保护作用

Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100173

Hemlata , Sunil Sharma , Neeru Vasudeva , Tanuj Hooda

{"title":"Neuroprotective effects of oleanolic acid against secondary cascades of traumatic brain injury in mice","authors":"Hemlata , Sunil Sharma , Neeru Vasudeva , Tanuj Hooda","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Traumatic Brain Inury (TBI) is a neurodegenerative disorder. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid showed a large number of neuroprotective effects such as anti-alziermer, anti-ischemic etc.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>In the present investigation an effort has been made to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of OA and molecular mechanism is involved in TBI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Weight drop model has been utilized to induce moderate TBI and assess the neuroprotective effect of OA at the doses 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) in mice. After 30 min of injury, OA was administered. The neuroprotective effect of OA was observed after 24 h and 21 days of drug administration. Neurological behaviour (neurological score, open field test, beam walk and morris water maze test) were assessed before sacrifice the animal at different time interval. Oxidative stress (MDA, CAT, GSH, SOD and Nitrite), neuro-inflammatory cytokines (NF-ĸB, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β and mitochondrial dysfunction were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>OA at both the doses significantly improved the neurological behaviours as compared to vehicle treated group. OA also showed significant anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect via regulated the oxidative stress (MDA, CAT, and GSH) and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, NF-ĸB and IL-1β) on 24 h and 21st day of injury. OA significantly reduced the mitochondrial dysfunction by regulated various complex enzyme activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>OA can be potentially considered as a neuroprotective compound for therapeutic management of TBI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Migraine and epilepsy frontiers, new challenges in its understanding: A case report 偏头痛与癫痫的前沿，认识偏头痛的新挑战：病例报告

Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100170

Jorge Sinche-Flores

{"title":"Migraine and epilepsy frontiers, new challenges in its understanding: A case report","authors":"Jorge Sinche-Flores","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between migraine and epilepsy has been recognized since the 20th century. Currently, both pathologies share several characteristics, from molecular and electrophysiological mechanisms to their similarity in clinical symptoms and response to treatment. This is a case report of an 11-year-old male patient who presented with focal epilepsy at the age of 8 years. One year later, he developed episodes of migraine without aura followed by seizures with a frequency of 1–2 times per month, with headache duration ranging from 10 min to 6 h. At age 11, he also presented other episodes in which the headache occurred after the epileptic event and other episodes in which the headache was present both before and after the epileptic seizure. An interictal EEG study and an EEG study during a migraine attack showed the presence of high-voltage theta activity and bilateral temporo-parieto-occipital spikes with a greater expression in the right cerebral hemisphere. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an atypical presentation of migraine without aura and epileptic seizure. This case opens new challenges in the search for understanding between both pathologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Platform for the radiomics analysis of brain regions: The case of Alzheimer's disease and metabolic imaging 脑区放射组学分析平台：阿尔茨海默病和代谢成像案例

Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100168

Ramin Rasi, Albert Guvenis, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

{"title":"Platform for the radiomics analysis of brain regions: The case of Alzheimer's disease and metabolic imaging","authors":"Ramin Rasi, Albert Guvenis, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study introduces a PET-based platform for brain radiomics analysis. We automatically identify key brain regions and features associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), enabling more accurate diagnosis and staging compared to using predefined regions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To create an integrated platform that covers all the phases of radiomics, we obtained FDG-PET images of 549 individuals from the ADNI database. We used FastSurfer to segment the brain into 95 regions. We then obtained 120 features for each of the 95 ROIs. We employed eight feature selection methods to select and analyze the features. We finally utilized nine different classifiers on the 20 most significant features extracted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For all three predictions AD vs. cognitively normal (CN), AD vs. mild cognitive impairments (MCI), and CN vs. MCI the Random Forest (RF) classifier with LASSO demonstrated the highest accuracy with an AUC of 0.976 for AD vs CN, AUC=0.917 for AD vs MCI, and AUC=0.877 for MCI vs CN. This is the highest performance that we encountered compared to the studies in the literature. Three subregions hippocampus, entorhinal, and amygdala could then be identified as critical.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A brain radiomics platform can enable an efficient, standardized, and optimally accurate AD and MCI diagnosis from FDG PET images by using an automated pipeline. The three regions identified as having the highest discriminating power confirm the findings of previous clinical research results on AD. While the focus was AD in this study, the platform can potentially be used to address other brain conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0