Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)最新文献

{"title":"Parkinson’s disease and anticipatory postural adjustments: Decreased cortical activity during step initiation","authors":"Luana dos Santos de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Claudia Eunice Neves de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Layla Cupertino Salloum e Silva ,&nbsp;Emanuele Los Angeles ,&nbsp;Nathalia Mendes Pellegrino ,&nbsp;Vanessa Milanese ,&nbsp;João Ricardo Sato ,&nbsp;Fabio Augusto Barbieri ,&nbsp;Daniel Boari Coelho","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Step initiation is a critical movement that combines motor and cognitive elements, notably in individuals with Parkinson's Disease (PD) who experience marked difficulties due to disrupted anticipatory postural adjustments (APA). This study investigated the involvement of the Supplementary Motor Area (SMA) and the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) associated with step initiation that requires high cognitive processing (e.g., cognitive-motor conflicts) in individuals with PD compared to healthy controls.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess the cortical hemodynamic responses of 33 individuals with PD and 17 healthy controls as they performed step initiation in both congruent (all cues aligned) and incongruent (conflicting cues) conditions. The study sought to analyze variations in the hemodynamic responses related to these conditions, hypothesizing that PD individuals would exhibit reduced cortical activation in the SMA and DLPFC due to motor cortex inefficiencies affecting APA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Individuals with PD exhibited significant deficits in biomechanical performance (e.g., increased APA delays and errors) and altered hemodynamic responses in the SMA and DLPFC compared to controls, particularly under incongruent conditions. These observations indicate diminished cortical efficiency in PD during motor execution coupled with cognitive demands.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest that PD involves impairments in cortical areas linked to movement planning and cognitive control. These findings suggest potential avenues for targeted rehabilitation strategies that enhance cognitive-motor integration, possibly improving mobility and reducing fall risk in PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of time-restricted feeding on brain oxidative stress, locomotor activity, and antioxidant defenses in aged Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Umar F. Abdulwahab ,&nbsp;Zayyanu U. Usman ,&nbsp;Aliyu Buhari ,&nbsp;Iyabo M. Adebisi","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Physical function declines with age, often accompanied by oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a promising dietary intervention to slow aging and promote health. This study examined the effects of TRF on brain oxidative stress in aged <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em>, a well-established model organism for aging and neurodegeneration. Our experimental design included <em>ad libitum</em> feeding (control) and fasting protocols (8 and 12 h) of aged flies. The brain locomotor activity, oxidative stress, and antioxidant gene expression were then determined in the control and experimental groups. Our findings showed that TRF improves locomotor activity in aging organisms, suggesting a link between feeding patterns and behavioral outcomes. TRF also reduced oxidative stress by lowering malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation, and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity. Additionally, TRF upregulated antioxidant genes such as SOD and CAT, demonstrating its ability to modulate cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms. TRF is a promising non-pharmacological approach to brain health and age-related oxidative stress in <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em>. These findings suggest that TRF may be an effective dietary intervention to improve aging trajectories and reduce age-related neurodegenerative diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Significance statement</h3><div>The findings in this study advance the sub-discipline of neuroprotection by demonstrating that time-restricted feeding significantly reduces brain oxidative stress and enhances antioxidant defenses, suggesting its potential as a non-pharmacological intervention for mitigating age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by brain abscess: A case report and literature review","authors":"Peijing Li ,&nbsp;Cuiping Li ,&nbsp;Xipeng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by brain abscess is fatal. In this article, we present a 58-year-old woman who presented to the neurosurgery department with a 1-week history of headache and 3-day history of intracranial space-occupying lesions. Cranial magnetic resonance (MR) enhancement imaging revealed abnormal signal shadowing in the right frontal lobe, raising suspicion for brain abscess and gliotic herniation. A right frontal abscess was drained, and a subsequent pus smear identified <em>Staphylococcus</em>. The case illustrate significant enhancements in both diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, markedly improving the management of brain abscesses compared to lupus encephalitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cornichons: Evolution, AMPA receptor modulation, and emerging roles beyond the nervous system","authors":"Pratibha Bharti ,&nbsp;Anshul Assaiya ,&nbsp;Bhavya K Dawath ,&nbsp;Janesh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cornichons are auxiliary proteins that regulate the functions of AMPA receptors (AMPARs), which mediate fast excitatory transmission in the central nervous system. Initially discovered in lower organisms, cornichons have since been found across various species, including mammals and plants, indicating their conserved and broader roles beyond the nervous system. In mammals, cornichons, particularly CNIH2 and CNIH3, modulate the trafficking, gating, and biophysical properties of AMPARs, often working alongside other auxiliary proteins such as TARPs.</div><div>Recent structural studies have provided detailed insights into the topology of cornichons, revealing their integration into AMPAR complexes and highlighting their critical role in slowing AMPAR deactivation and desensitization. Their functional impact on excitatory synaptic transmission is subunit-specific and includes the modulation of conductance and ligand affinity. Beyond their role in the central nervous system, cornichons are implicated in intracellular trafficking processes, acting as cargo receptors for various membrane proteins.</div><div>This review synthesizes current knowledge on cornichon proteins, from their evolutionary origins and structural properties to their roles in AMPAR regulation and cargo transport. The emerging understanding of cornichons in non-neuronal systems and their potential involvement in neurological diseases opens new avenues for research with potential therapeutic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional, observational study on quality of life in epilepsy patients","authors":"Devulapalli Shilpasree ,&nbsp;Muthyala Sathish ,&nbsp;Ruhul Amin Ahmed ,&nbsp;Thirunagiri Praveen Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study involved a cross-sectional, observational patient survey using QOLIE-31 to assess relationships between demographic characteristics (age, gender, and residence status) and clinical factors (seizure type, epilepsy duration, comorbid conditions, risk factors, therapy options (monotherapy or polytherapy) on health-related quality of life (QOL) in people with epilepsy. Research data collection includes 260 epilepsy patients who have visited Neurology departments of Khammam region tertiary care hospitals. The QOLIE-31 survey revealed unsatisfactory mean scores in the Seizure Worry (46.05 ± 7.59) and Overall Quality of Life (44.21 ± 8.14) domains and Social Functioning (43.31 ± 9.69) dimensions. All variables along with seizure type and therapy type and disease duration along with gender and age and comorbidities had substantial influence on QOL scores among epilepsy patients. The QOL scores tended to be lower for patients with focal onset aware seizures and received multiple antiseizure medications. In contrast, patients without health conditions who received one anti-seizure medication reported better QOL scores. The statistical results showed that both demographic elements and clinical measurements created significant effects on QOL (ANOVA <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). Treating patients with a single drug regimen of levetiracetam resulted in more beneficial treatment outcomes and enhanced quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dural arteriovenous fistula masquerading as myelitis- A case report","authors":"Tanushree Chawla ,&nbsp;Anshu Mahajan ,&nbsp;Gaurav Goel ,&nbsp;Vinay Goyal","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Intracranial dural Arteriovenous Fistulas (dAVFs) are rare vascular malformations with diverse clinical manifestations due to ischemia secondary to venous congestion or haemorrhage. Our case clinically and radiologically closely mimicked myelitis.</div></div><div><h3>Case</h3><div>We present a 58-year-old male with quadriparesis and bulbar involvement mimicking myelitis on MRI, not responding to the initial treatment with Intravenous Methylprednisolone (IVMPS) and Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIg). On subsequent visit to our center, repeat scanning revealed serpentine flow voids on the anterior surface of the cord. Digital Substraction Angiography (DSA) revealed a posterior fossa dAVF which was successfully obliterated with embolization leading to marked symptomatic improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A high degree of suspicion is required when imaging suggestive of myelitis doesnot respond to immunomodulatory therapy. Imaging appearance of serpentine flow voids shall be closely looked for in all cases with myelitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment outcome and risk factors of ischemic stroke among adult patients in two selected hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","authors":"Selemon Gebrezgabiher Asgedom ,&nbsp;Dejen Tekiea Gebrewahd ,&nbsp;Milion Gebrewold Abdi ,&nbsp;Yoseph Abebe Wondie ,&nbsp;Berhanu Abebaw Mekonnen ,&nbsp;Kefyalew Taye Belete","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Ischemic stroke remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a growing burden in low- and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia. Identifying risk factors, clinical profiles, and outcomes is crucial for improving stroke prevention strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study was conducted from September 2023 to December 2024 at two public hospitals in Addis Ababa. Data was collected from 219 adult ischemic stroke patients through structured interviews and detailed chart reviews. Sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of poor functional outcomes, defined as a mRS score of 3–6.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of patients was 61.7 years, with 61.19 % aged 60 years or older. Hypertension (61.19 %), dyslipidemia (49 %), and diabetes mellitus (46.12 %) were the most common comorbidities. A significant proportion (94.06 %) arrived at the hospital after 4.5 h of symptom onset, and none received thrombolytic therapy due to unavailability. Poor outcomes (mRS 3–6) were significantly associated with age ≥60 years (AOR = 4.8, 95 % CI:2.67–8.32, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), delayed hospital arrival (AOR = 2.92, CI:1.41–4.38, <em>p</em> = 0.03), and Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤8 (AOR = 4.5, CI:2.2–9.2, <em>p</em> = 0.001), prior stroke history (AOR = 1.88, CI:1.1–3.28, <em>p</em> = 0.03), and prolonged hospital stay over seven days (AOR = 2.1, CI:1.1–4.12, <em>p</em> = 0.02). The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 20.55 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Advanced age, delayed hospital presentation, low GCS at presentation, prior stroke history, and prolonged hospital stay were independent predictors of poor outcomes among ischemic stroke patients. Strengthening early detection programs, ensuring timely hospital access, expanding thrombolytic therapy availability, and targeting modifiable risk factors are critical strategies to improve stroke outcomes in Ethiopia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the impact of low frequency vs high frequency deep brain stimulation in Patient’s with Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review","authors":"Govind Singh Mann ,&nbsp;Binay K. Panjiyar ,&nbsp;MD Parbej Allam ,&nbsp;Fnu Asifa ,&nbsp;Ahsan Ullah ,&nbsp;Shivangi Jha","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) involves implanting electrodes in specific brain areas. High-frequency Stimulation (HFS) and low-frequency Stimulation (LFS) target motor and non-motor symptoms differently. DBS is crucial in Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment for managing medication-resistant symptoms and improving quality of life. This review aims to evaluate the differential impact of high-frequency and low-frequency DBS on motor symptoms in PD patients. This systematic review adheres to PRISMA guidelines and focuses on clinical studies involving human subjects.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Systematic search in electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Cochrane Collaboration Database of Randomized Trials) was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to 13th July 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 126 pooled patients from 8 RCTs, it was found that LFS significantly improved gait stability, swallowing, and verbal fluency with minimal adverse effects. Conversely, HFS was effective in reducing rigidity and tremor but was associated with potential side effects such as gait and speech impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This review underscores the frequency dependent effects of Subthalamic Nucleus DBS (STN-DBS) in PD. High-frequency stimulation (&gt;100 Hz) remains effective for controlling tremor and rigidity but is often associated with adverse effects. In contrast, low-frequency stimulation (≤100 Hz) shows a lower risk of these adverse effects, though it may be less effective for core motor symptoms. An optimal therapeutic window between 80 and 130 Hz may balance efficacy and tolerability. These findings support the need for individualized DBS programming and future research on adaptive stimulation technologies to optimize patient-specific outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the potential of Shilajit in Vascular Dementia behind pathology and management - A concise review","authors":"Kousik Maparu,&nbsp;Shamsher Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vascular dementia (VaD), the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer's disease, is distinguished by cognitive decline caused by cerebrovascular problems such as cerebral infarctions and white matter abnormalities, by various factors including sedentary lifestyle, smoking, alcohol, various gene mutations such as APP, PSEN, BACE, CADASIL, CARASIL APOE. Risk factors cause the generation of oxidative stress and ROS production leads to apoptosis, impaired autophagy, and neuroinflammation are important variables that cause neuronal loss and cognitive decline. Various inflammatory markers, including TNF, IL, NF-κβ, NLR, and MAPK, cause neurodegeneration and vascular damage, leading to Vascular dementia. Vascular homeostasis depends on nitric oxide, and a lack of it is associated with advancing vascular disease. There are existing therapy alternatives, and a new study suggests that targeting the nitric oxide-cAMP pathway may open new treatment possibilities. Shilajit, a traditional herbomineral Ayurvedic ingredient, has several health benefits, including anemia, digestive difficulties, and neurological illnesses. It has a high mineral content, humic substances, fatty acid content, and bioactive substances that have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and memory-enhancing properties. Fulvic acid adds to Shilajit’s anti-aging and neuroprotective qualities, also lowers inflammation, and enhances cardiovascular health. It may be used as a dietary supplement to prevent vascular dementia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of diffusion microstructure imaging (DMI): Current and future applications in neurology research","authors":"Sadegh Ghaderi ,&nbsp;Sana Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Farzad Fatehi","doi":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diffusion Microstructure Imaging (DMI) has emerged as a transformative neuroimaging technique that offers unprecedented insights into brain tissue microstructure by disentangling contributions from the volumes of the intra-axonal (V-intra), extra-axonal (V-extra), and free-fluid (V-CSF) compartments. We aimed to systematically review the current applications and future directions of the DMI for neurology research. Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for articles published up to May 2025. Our review synthesized narratively, DMI’s applications in neurology, and evaluated its diagnostic and prognostic potential across neurological disorders. Twenty-one studies were included. Across various studies on tumors, neurodegeneration, stroke, aging, hydrocephalus, epilepsy, and pain, DMI consistently identified microstructural alterations that could not be detected by conventional diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging. In brain tumors, the DMI demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy by distinguishing lymphoma from glioblastoma and characterizing peritumoral infiltration in glioblastoma compared to metastases. In Parkinsonian syndromes, elevated free-water fractions in the basal ganglia and cerebellopontine tracts were strongly correlated with clinical severity and enabled subtype differentiation. In cases of acute stroke and COVID-19, DMI metrics provided more sensitive mapping of cytotoxic and vasogenic edema than the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient. Normative aging studies revealed distinct patterns of tract-specific maturation and senescence. Furthermore, applications in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, epilepsy, and migraine showed DMI’s capability to detect fluid accumulation, axonal loss, and the integrity of nociceptive pathways, respectively. This review underscores that DMI demonstrates superior sensitivity compared to conventional diffusion techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72447,"journal":{"name":"Brain disorders (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}