ATS scholar最新文献

{"title":"More than words? Defining best practices in assessing surrogate understanding.","authors":"Jason M Arnold, Melanie M Smith, Gordon J Wood, Julia H Vermylen, James M Walter","doi":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag006","DOIUrl":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72330,"journal":{"name":"ATS scholar","volume":" ","pages":"166-167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Arnold et al.: More than words? Defining best practices in assessing surrogate understanding.","authors":"Kristen E Pecanac, Blair P Golden","doi":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72330,"journal":{"name":"ATS scholar","volume":" ","pages":"168-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining physician-AI collaboration in pulmonary and critical care medicine: concepts and illustrative examples for clinical reasoning.","authors":"Atefeh Vaezi, Tracy Ashby, Sajid Kadir, Michael Schweitzer, Anas Hadeh, Parijat Sen, Vandana Seeram, Mehdi Mirsaeidi","doi":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The exponential growth of medical data and complexity in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) necessitates a paradigm shift in clinical reasoning and education. This paper proposes a structured framework for collaborative decision-making between physicians and artificial intelligence (AI) that emphasizes the integration of critical thinking with AI-enhanced capabilities. Critical thinking is defined as the systematic and objective analysis of information accompanied by logical reasoning and evidence‑based judgment. Traditional medical education often neglects explicit instruction in these cognitive skills, leaving clinicians vulnerable to diagnostic error and cognitive biases. Meanwhile, AI excels at data aggregation, pattern recognition, and predictive analytics, offering complementary capabilities that can support evidence-based decision-making. By distinguishing two modes of interaction, AI‑assisted tools that provide recommendations and AI‑enhanced systems that simulate complex scenarios, we propose a conceptual model in which AI reinforces rather than replaces physician judgment. The article outlines how critical‑thinking skills map onto phases of diagnostic and management reasoning and illustrates the roles of physicians and AI. We discuss applications of AI in diagnosis, radiology, pulmonary function interpretation, and decision support, and outline ethical considerations including algorithmic bias, data privacy, and HIPAA compliance. This framework reimagines the physician-AI relationship as a cognitive partnership essential for the future of PCCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":72330,"journal":{"name":"ATS scholar","volume":" ","pages":"97-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146260242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating an interprofessional team coaching program to promote a human-centered ICU environment.","authors":"Jami L Simpson, John McCartney, Jacqueline M Kruser","doi":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag004","DOIUrl":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Technology-driven ICU environments can be dehumanizing for critically ill patients, their families, and team members who care for them. Prior educational efforts to humanize the ICU have focused on training clinicians to provide human-centered care for patients and families, with relatively little attention on promoting human-centered environments for team members.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We used the framework of team coaching to develop an interprofessional educational program focused on humanizing the ICU. We sought to evaluate whether this program improves participants' perceived capability to promote a human-centered environment for the ICU team.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a 3-year, mixed-methods evaluation of a novel interprofessional ICU team coaching program in a medical/surgical/trauma ICU within an academic medical center. The 3-session program is led by a certified coach, and annual cohorts are a subset of the ICU team. Session topics are: role identification, end-of-life care, and practices of dignity and respect. We conducted pre- and post-coaching participant surveys and qualitative content analysis of coaching reflections, open-ended survey responses, and an audio-recorded debriefing session.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 3 years, 43 ICU team members representing 7 professional roles (advanced practice providers, attending physicians, chaplains, fellow physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, social workers) participated. The overall session attendance rate was 70%. Before participation, most reported a need for training to promote a human-centered environment for patients (78.1%), families (81.3%), and other members of the team (81.3%). After coaching, this unmet need decreased to 28.6% for patients (P < .01), 42.9% for families (P < .01), and 33.3% for team members (P < .01). Participants' self-reported ability to provide optimal human-centered care was similar pre-(84.4%) and post-coaching (81.8%; P = .80). Participants' scores on the interprofessional version of the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) measure improved from 37.1 (95% CI 34.3-39.9) pre-coaching to 40.7 post-coaching (95% CI 38.8-42.6; P = .047). Qualitative analysis revealed commitment to growth in interprofessional relationships among participants and a desire to expand the program's reach.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings confirm an unmet need among ICU team members for training in how to promote human-centered ICU environments and suggest that interprofessional team coaching is a promising tool to help meet this need.</p>","PeriodicalId":72330,"journal":{"name":"ATS scholar","volume":" ","pages":"123-129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146260271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ATS BEAR Cage: 10 years of building education to advance research with innovation, competition, and fun.","authors":"Jason P Kirkness, Dayna Howell, Vlada K O'Hara, Michelle Turenne, Courtney Crim, Nina M Patel, Joshua P Fessel","doi":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag017","DOIUrl":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Beginning in 2014, the American Thoracic Society (ATS) launched the Building Education to Advance Research (BEAR) Cage competition, with the first in-person competition held in 2015. Organized and run by the ATS Drug/Device Discovery and Development Committee, the BEAR Cage competition is structured as a \" pitch competition\" where early career investigators submit streamlined proposals for out-of-the-box and potentially transformative ideas, and the 3 top proposals are invited to attend the ATS International Conference to pitch their ideas and compete for cash prizes. Over the first 10 years of its existence, the BEAR Cage has not only grown as a venue for some of the most exciting and creative ideas at the ATS conference, it has also shown itself to be associated with future success, with BEAR Cage finalists emerging as leaders across the pulmonary, critical care, and sleep medicine enterprise. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the ATS BEAR Cage's first 10 years and offer thoughts on the continued importance of the BEAR Cage as a place for innovation, competition, and fun to coexist.</p>","PeriodicalId":72330,"journal":{"name":"ATS scholar","volume":" ","pages":"107-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147576686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research skills improvement through the ATS MECOR program in China.","authors":"Yixuan Liao, Qin Cheng, Shannon Carson, Feng Sun, Yinggang Zhu, Shan Cai, Fen Dong, Ping Ji, Gang Wang, Lingwei Wang, Yahong Chen","doi":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72330,"journal":{"name":"ATS scholar","volume":" ","pages":"112-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147286380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI won't save us…yet: reimagining AI's potential to prioritize people.","authors":"Lekshmi Santhosh, Leah J Witt","doi":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag009","DOIUrl":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72330,"journal":{"name":"ATS scholar","volume":" ","pages":"103-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146260260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability in first academic medicine job offers in pulmonary and critical care medicine.","authors":"Emily M Olson, Matthew E Modes, Timothy J Rowe, Patrick G Lyons, Nicholas E Ingraham, Nandita R Nadig, Clara J Schroedl, Catherine A Gao","doi":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A minority of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) graduates pursue careers in academic medicine. Although compensation is only a portion of the career decision, job negotiations remain shrouded in ambiguity and inconsistency. Additionally, while role-level salary tables exist through the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), to our knowledge there is no resource that includes important non-salary.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We sought to describe key components of first PCCM academic job offers for both physician scientists and clinician educators, including salary, start-up packages, non-clinical full-time equivalent (FTE) breakdown, and bonus ranges.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An electronic survey was distributed via a snowball sampling method between May-June 2025. PCCM graduates between 2020 and 2025 who accepted a job in academic medicine were included. Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon tests were used for ordinal comparisons. Qualitative analysis of free text responses was performed with a social cognitive career theory framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 60 respondents who provided information about 103 job offers, with 50% (14/28) of physician-scientists and 66% (21/32) of clinician-educators reporting more than one job offer. Physician-scientists received lower salary offers compared to clinician-educators (respective median ranges: $150 000-$199 999 vs $250 000-$299 999, P < .001). Only 35.7% of physician-scientists (10/28) received a career development award prior to negotiation, which was associated with a higher start-up package offer (P < .05). For all clinician-educator jobs (n = 59), 42.4% had non-clinical FTE in the initial offer. Many respondents commented on the lack of negotiating power.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PCCM physician-scientists and clinician-educators experience wide variability in their initial job offers. Recognizing differences is essential to improve transparency in job negotiations in academic medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":72330,"journal":{"name":"ATS scholar","volume":" ","pages":"140-148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147286410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy in Pulmonary Disease Training.","authors":"Adrien J Mazer, Barry R Meisenberg","doi":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/atsscholar/aapag028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72330,"journal":{"name":"ATS scholar","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148058467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Gaps in Care Between a Fellow and Faculty Pulmonary Practice.","authors":"Camilla Regalia, Joshua Tanzer, Rachel Sanders, Kayla Thatcher, Sarah Lawler, Sarah Andrea, Debasree Banerjee","doi":"10.1093/atsscholar/aapag027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/atsscholar/aapag027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Academic medical centers have concurrent responsibilities to train clinicians and provide patient care, particularly for underserved populations, while remaining financially solvent. These priorities are not easily aligned and can incentivize workflows that perpetuate health disparities. While there are documented discrepancies in care delivery and patient satisfaction among trainee and faculty primary care clinics, it is unknown whether these disparities are present in medical subspecialty clinics.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aim to analyze the quality of care metrics in a fellow-run and attending-run pulmonary clinic at a large academic medical center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an observational mixed-methods study with balanced sampling between fellow and faculty clinics to ensure representation of marginalized populations. Patients completed a multi-component survey probing patient satisfaction and social desirability, as well as open-ended survey questions on treatment access and experience. Clinic metrics on vaccination rates, smoking cessation counseling, and lung cancer screening were abstracted from the electronic medical record.</p><p><strong>Measurements & main results: </strong>Both clinics delivered high patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes related to provider care and facility infrastructure. We note comparable adherence to quality metrics between fellow and faculty clinics. Patient satisfaction with clinic infrastructure and provider interactions did not differ by clinic or by race (P > .05 for all tests); however, Latiné participants, particularly primary Spanish speakers, reported more difficulty accessing their respective clinic (average = 4.83 out of 5; versus 4.33, P = .02). Qualitative analyses revealed three response themes: systemic barriers to care, minimization of lived experiences, and supportive or positive encounters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite infrastructure limitations in our trainee clinic, there were no significant differences in standards of care and patient satisfaction among fellow and faculty clinics were comparable. Further studies may elucidate gaps in patient experience and care delivery as experienced by patients and clinicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":72330,"journal":{"name":"ATS scholar","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148058480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}