Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials最新文献

{"title":"High-performance photocatalytic antibacterial technology: innovations, challenges, and future directions","authors":"Zheng Han,&nbsp;Sihan Ma","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01927-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01927-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Extensive theoretical and empirical studies have demonstrated that photocatalytic technologies provide promising eco-friendly and sustainable solutions for combating persistent infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, overcoming the limitations of traditional antibiotic therapies. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive and in-depth insights on how to rationally and systematically design high-performance photocatalysts to achieve stable and satisfactory antibacterial functions. Particularly, existing literatures lack a holistic overview of the functional characteristics, intrinsic photoresponse behavior, and underlying antibacterial mechanisms of various typical photocatalytic materials. Meanwhile, a systematic collation of modification strategies for enhancing light absorption, carrier separation and catalytic activity is still insufficient. Thus, this review systematically investigates the functionalization design and fundamental operational principles of representative antibacterial photocatalysts, elucidating the ROS-mediated reaction pathways and intrinsic mechanisms through which different catalytic systems achieve potent antibacterial effects. It further evaluates how microstructure regulation and electronic band structure variations influence carrier migration and catalytic performance, offering a detailed comparative analysis of their practical disinfection efficacy. Additionally, the paper critically summarizes the current technical bottlenecks, application limitations and future optimization directions in photocatalytic antibacterial technology, aiming to deepen the fundamental understanding of catalytic systems and accelerate the development of advanced functional photocatalytic materials to meet escalating demands for environmental remediation and sustainable public healthcare solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01927-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-assisted reverse engineering and process optimization of a titanium-based hybrid alloy (Ti–Al–Nb Composite) turbine blade using response surface methodology","authors":"Naser Alsaleh","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01882-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01882-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing demand for high-performance turbine blade materials that can withstand severe thermo-mechanical conditions necessitates the optimization of Ti–Al-Nb hybrid alloys with superior mechanical properties and oxidation resistance. Hence, the primary aim of this study is to investigate and optimize the thermo-mechanical behavior, mechanical properties, and oxidation response of Ti–Al-Nb hybrid alloys for advanced turbine blade materials. This research focuses on the thermo-mechanical behavior, mechanical properties, and oxidation response of Ti–Al-Nb hybrid alloys, which can be used for advanced turbine blades. FEA has revealed significant temperature gradients and stress concentrations across the blade, indicating that materials with high thermal stability, mechanical properties, and oxidation resistance are essential. The materials were evaluated experimentally for tensile strength, fracture toughness, hardness, and oxidation weight gain across Al and Nb compositions, heat treatment temperatures, and cooling rates. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to quantify the effects of each factor, and a specialized artificial intelligence model, PNBM-SHAP-ZOA, was used to enhance the predictive accuracy of the results. The proposed AI model demonstrated superior prediction accuracy compared with the previously used ANN-GA, CNN-PSO, and traditional RSM, achieving the lowest prediction error for each response. Using RSM, the multi-response optimization produced optimal levels of 26.3% Al, 11.9% Nb, 850 °C maximum temperature, and 9.93 °C/s cooling rates, which all yielded excellent mechanical properties, good mechanical stability, and minimal weight gain from oxidation. The optimized alloy achieved a tensile strength of 1098.39 MPa, fracture toughness of 24.13 MPa√m, hardness of 380.52 HV, and oxidation weight gain of 0.16 mg/cm². Overall, the results on the Ti–Al–Nb alloys showed they are promising materials for advanced turbine components that can withstand high-temperature loads, and the new intelligence framework demonstrated the ability to predict and optimize processes for materials with multiple properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01882-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface-coated probiotics: engineered living platforms for targeted IBD therapy","authors":"Haorui Li,&nbsp;Junrong Cong,&nbsp;Keyu Wang,&nbsp;Caining Wen,&nbsp;Limei Xu,&nbsp;Xiao Xu,&nbsp;Yuanmin Zhang,&nbsp;Yujie Liang","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01920-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01920-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Probiotics and engineered probiotics represent an emerging class of live biotherapeutics capable of modulating intestinal immunity through interactions with the host immune system or by delivering therapeutic molecules. These functions, which include remodeling the intestinal flora and inhibiting inflammatory responses, constitute a promising strategy for treating chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. However, existing oral probiotic formulations typically suffer from low bioavailability and short gastrointestinal residence time, resulting in suboptimal therapeutic efficacy. Surface coating technology has recently emerged as a versatile approach to protect probiotics during gastrointestinal transit and enhance their colonization at inflamed sites. Herein, we first summarize the current status and challenges associated with delivering probiotics or engineered probiotics for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment, with a critical comparison of their relative advantages and limitations. Subsequently, we systematically review recent advances in probiotic surface coating materials and technologies. Finally, we discuss the prospects and challenges of applying surface-coated modified probiotics as drug carriers for intestinal inflammation therapy. This review aims to facilitate the research and development of highly active probiotic products and technologies, ultimately assisting the clinical translation of next-generation probiotic biotherapeutics for IBD management.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><p>Engineering of functionally advanced living bacterial materials through surface coating strategies for IBD therapy</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01920-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bandgap-adjusted bismuth tungstate-titanium dioxide S-scheme heterojunctions: Optimizing interfacial electronic structure for rapid VOC mineralization","authors":"Qian Yin,&nbsp;Hubdar Ali Maitlo,&nbsp;Ki-Hyun Kim","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01932-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01932-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To strategically overcome the shortcomings of conventional photocatalysts, particularly inadequate redox potentials, a series of precisely engineered TiO₂-Bi₂WO₆ heterojunction photocatalysts, coded as TB-x (x represents the molar ratio% of Bi: Ti), has been designed and synthesized through deliberate bandgap adjustment. An optimal interfacial electronic structure, formed by coupling wide-bandgap TiO₂ (3.0–3.2 eV) with narrower-bandgap Bi₂WO₆ (2.6–2.9 eV), enables efficient charge dynamics under low-intensity UV irradiation (~ 1 W). The optimized TB-5 demonstrates complete removal of 5 ppm formaldehyde (FA: 100% X_FA) within 600 s, achieving a clean air delivery rate of 10.37 L min^-1 and apparent quantum yield of 2.68E-01%. The exceptional activity is supported by the formation of a robust S-scheme heterojunction, as confirmed both experimentally and theoretically via density functional theory calculations. This charge preservation mechanism is remarkably robust, converting 81.6% of FA (initial concentration: 100 ppm) into CO₂ within 2 h. In-situ DRIFTS analysis further suggests that FA oxidation proceeds sequentially through dioxymethylene and formate intermediates. This work thus establishes a foundational strategy for practical indoor air purification by integrating advanced S-scheme design with atomic-level mechanistic insight, charting a clear path from lab-scale discovery to real-world application.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01932-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Driving S-scheme charge transfer via Fermi level disparity: efficient toluene mineralization over oxygen vacancy engineered Bi2WO6 coupled with TiO2","authors":"Baofei Hao,&nbsp;Sherif A. Younis,&nbsp;Younes Ahmadi,&nbsp;Ki-Hyun Kim","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01888-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01888-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Photocatalytic degradation is a sustainable strategy for the remediation of stable aromatic volatile organic compounds such as toluene. Yet, the energy-efficient mineralization of these pollutants under ambient conditions remains a critical bottleneck. Herein, an n–n S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst is constructed via in situ hydrothermal coupling of TiO₂ with oxygen-vacancy-engineered Bi₂WO₆ (TB-x: x represents the TiO₂/Bi₂WO₆ molar ratio). A work function difference of 0.39 eV induces band bending and an internal electric field from Bi₂WO₆ to TiO₂, enabling an efficient S-scheme charge transfer pathway. Consequently, the optimized TB-2 exhibits a longer charge carrier lifetime (21.1 ps) than the pristine components. In a fixed-bed flow system, TB-2 achieves 97.2% degradation of 5 ppm toluene within 60 min under UV irradiation, delivering a high dynamic clean air delivery rate (1940 L h⁻¹ g⁻¹) and an apparent quantum yield of 0.1%, with high stability across reuse cycles and under varying humidity conditions. In situ DRIFTS, EPR, and DFT analyses reveal a stepwise oxidation pathway via benzyl alcohol and benzaldehyde intermediates, ultimately forming CO₂ and H₂O. This work highlights the critical role of interfacial band engineering in constructing an efficient air purification system based on direct mechanistic evidence for oxygen-vacancy-assisted S-scheme charge transfer in TiO₂/Bi₂WO₆ heterojunctions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01888-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial engineering for enhanced heat transport: brazing femtosecond-laser-treated SiC to 3D-printed SiC-reinforced Ti6Al4V composites","authors":"Wendi Zhao,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Si,&nbsp;Pengpeng Xue,&nbsp;Jianwei Gao,&nbsp;Hao Jiang,&nbsp;Bo Yang,&nbsp;Chun Li,&nbsp;Yaotian Yan,&nbsp;Junlei Qi,&nbsp;Jian Cao","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01925-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01925-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the growing demand for high-performance thermal management devices, achieving efficient and reliable joining between 3D-printed SiC-reinforced Ti6Al4V composite (3DP-SiC/TC4) and SiC ceramic presents a critical challenge. To enhance the interfacial thermal conductivity, femtosecond laser treatment (FLT) was applied to the SiC ceramic, aiming to construct a uniform striated microstructure. AgCuTi braze was employed to join 3DP-SiC/TC4 with femtosecond laser-treated SiC ceramic (FLT-SiC). The interfacial reaction mechanisms, microstructural evolution, and thermomechanical property optimization were systematically investigated. Based on a series-parallel thermal resistance model, it was revealed that the FLT significantly reduce interfacial thermal resistance by increasing the effective contact area and promoting metallurgical joining. The FLT influences the synergistic effect between geometric morphology and chemical joining. At 0.63 W, a positive synergy between geometric (gain factor <i>ξ</i>_geo = 1.083) and interfacial chemical (<i>κ</i>_chem = 1.087) contributions was achieved. The brazing temperature regulated the extent of interfacial reactions, with 850 ℃ yielding a dense microstructure and optimal properties. The optimal parameters were identified as a laser fluence of 0.63 J/cm² and a brazing condition of 850 ℃ for 10 min. Under these conditions, the joint exhibited a shear strength of 46.5 ± 2.4 MPa and a thermal conductivity of 24.6 W·m^-1·K^-1 at 600 ℃. This study provides a novel approach for joining dissimilar materials in thermal management applications, leading to a significant enhancement in the thermal and mechanical performance of the joint.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01925-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defect–interface engineering of machine learning-enhanced Au–VSe2–MXene nanoarchitectures with modulated electronic structure for trace antibiotic sensing","authors":"Ezhil Vilian,&nbsp;Sujina Tamang,&nbsp;Elangovan Sarathkumar,&nbsp;Ramapurath S. Jayasree,&nbsp;Yun Suk Huh,&nbsp;Young-Kyu Han","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01916-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01916-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ensuring food safety requires engineered hybrid composites with hierarchical interfacial architectures for trace antibiotic detection in complex food and environmental matrices. Herein, we report an electrochemical sensing platform based on a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-decorated VSe₂-MXene hybrid nanocomposite for on-site furazolidone (FZD) detection. The VSe₂-MXene scaffold was synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal route, followed by in situ anchoring of near-atomic-scale AuNPs through chemical reduction. This structural integration induces lattice compression, generating abundant electroactive sites and enhanced electron mobility for efficient charge transfer. Physicochemical characterization confirmed uniform AuNP anchoring on the VSe₂-MXene framework and the conversion of surface M–OH groups into M–O bonds, resulting in enhanced electron-transfer kinetics and selective FZD adsorption. Consequently, the Au-VSe₂-MXene sensor exhibited low charge-transfer resistance (~ 45 Ω) and an enhanced heterogeneous electron-transfer rate constant (1.68 × 10^− 2 cm s^− 1), enabling sensitive FZD detection at a low cathodic potential of -0.4 V (vs. Ag|AgCl). The fabricated sensor demonstrated a wide linear range (6-255 nM, R² = 0.9383), an ultralow detection limit (0.21 nM), high sensitivity (0.597 µA nM^− 1 cm^− 2), and excellent long-term stability (&gt; 30 days), enabling reliable trace-level FZD detection in real samples even in the presence of common interferents. Furthermore, machine learning-assisted analysis of amperometric i-t responses enabled accurate FZD quantification with reduced calibration error. Integration of the Random Forest model (R² = 0.9997) with IoT-based monitoring further highlights the potential of this platform for real-time diagnostic and environmental sensing applications. </p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01916-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional load-bearing SWCNT/conjugated polymer composites via covalent interfacial engineering for structural energy materials","authors":"Yu Rim Kang,&nbsp;Dong Uk Woo,&nbsp;Min Seon Kim,&nbsp;Dongjae Lee,&nbsp;Taekyeong Kim,&nbsp;Sung Woo Hong,&nbsp;Taehoon Kim,&nbsp;Bong-Gi Kim","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01921-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01921-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of structural energy materials that simultaneously integrate mechanical robustness and energy storage capability remains a critical challenge for next-generation lightweight systems. Here, we report a multifunctional load-bearing composite platform based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and conjugated polymers (CPs), achieved via covalent interfacial engineering through azide-induced crosslinking. The CPs conformally wrap SWCNTs through strong π–π interactions, forming a homogeneous fibrous network, while subsequent crosslinking introduces robust interfacial bonding without disrupting the intrinsic electrical properties of SWCNTs. As a result, the optimized composite exhibits a high Young’s modulus of 24 GPa, tensile strength exceeding 220 MPa, and electrical conductivity of 688 S·cm⁻¹, demonstrating a rare combination of mechanical robustness and electrical performance. Importantly, the composite functions as a load-bearing energy storage material, maintaining stable electrochemical performance under mechanical deformation. The synergistic interplay between interfacial bonding, network connectivity, and charge transport is systematically elucidated through morphological, spectroscopic, and nanoscale electrical analyses. This work establishes a general strategy for designing multifunctional hybrid composites that bridge structural and energy functionalities, providing a promising platform for structural energy materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01921-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-dependent morphological and phase evolution at the MXene/SiOC interface","authors":"Mubina Shaik,&nbsp;Tim Pieshkov,&nbsp;Abhijit Biswas,&nbsp;Pulickel M. Ajayan,&nbsp;Kathy Lu","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01929-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01929-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the thermal stability of MXene/SiOC interface is critical for their use in high-temperature applications. In this work, we present a comprehensive in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study, coupled with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), to investigate the morphological and chemical evolution of Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene on polymer-derived SiOC ceramic, which was pre-pyrolyzed at 750 °C under argon and surface-treated with plasma. From room temperature (RT) to 1000 °C, the MXene layers near the SiOC interface began to collapse at ~ 700 °C, while the top layers persisted up to 800 °C. Loss of –F and –O terminations and diffusion of Ti, C, Si, and O atomic species toward the interface region occurred above 700 °C. TGA revealed an initial mass loss of about 5–6 wt% below 300 °C, followed by continued high-temperature degradation associated with surface termination loss and interfacial phase transformation. Intense rutile TiO₂ peaks emerge after 1000 °C with a transition from layered structures to aggregated bulk particles. These findings provide crucial insights into designing thermally stable MXene/SiOC interfaces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01929-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MXene-enabled induced-current regulation to amplify eddy-current loss in liquid metal composites for efficient microwave absorption","authors":"Baigang Han,&nbsp;Xin Wang,&nbsp;Mingjie Li,&nbsp;Yilong Wang,&nbsp;Xiujuan Wang,&nbsp;Zhaobo Wang,&nbsp;Xingrong Zhang,&nbsp;Meng Zhang,&nbsp;Jian Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01926-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01926-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Liquid metals (LMs) exhibit high electrical conductivity and can sustain strong eddy currents under alternating electromagnetic fields, endowing them with intrinsic potential for microwave absorption. However, excessive conductivity leads to severe skin effect, which confines induced currents to surface regions, suppresses volumetric interaction, and causes impedance mismatch, fundamentally limiting absorption efficiency. Herein, an interface-mediated discretization strategy (induced-current regulation) is proposed to regulate eddy-current behavior in liquid-metal-based absorbers. Gallium-based LM droplets were uniformly anchored onto Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene nanosheets via silane-assisted coordination to form stable LM@MXene core–shell hybrids, which were assembled into oriented LM@MXene@PDMS composites by directional ice templating and vacuum-assisted infiltration. Guided by Faraday’s law of induction, direct LCR-based inductive measurements validated the eddy-current regulation, revealing enhanced eddy-current contributions associated with engineered current pathways. Subsequent electromagnetic analyses, including invariant eddy-current coefficients and negligible magnetic hysteresis, confirmed that the dominant attenuation stems from artificial magnetic loss driven by eddy currents rather than intrinsic magnetism. As a result, the optimized composite achieves a minimum reflection loss of -52.11 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 6.1 GHz at a thickness of 2.0 mm. This work establishes induced-current regulation as an effective paradigm for overcoming the skin-depth limitation in high-performance conductive microwave absorbers.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01926-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}