{"title":"Flexible healable electromagnetic-interference-shielding bioelastic hydrogel nanocomposite for machine learning-assisted highly sensitive sensing bioelectrode","authors":"Yunfei Zhang, Zehui Li, Zhishan Xu, Mingyue Xiao, Yue Yuan, Xiaolong Jia, Rui Shi, Liqun Zhang, Pengbo Wan","doi":"10.1002/agt2.566","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.566","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The prosperous evolution of conductive hydrogel-based skin sensors is attracting tremendous attention nowadays. Nevertheless, it remains a great challenge to simultaneously integrate excellent mechanical strength, desirable electrical conductivity, admirable sensing performance, and brilliant healability in hydrogel-based skin sensors for high-performance diagnostic healthcare sensing and wearable human-machine interface, as well as robust photothermal performance for promptly intelligent photothermal therapy followed by the medical diagnosis and superior electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance for personal protection. Herein, a flexible healable MXene hydrogel-based skin sensor is prepared through a delicate combination of MXene (Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>) nanosheets network with the polymeric network. The as-prepared skin sensor is featured with significantly enhanced mechanical, conducting, and sensing performances, along with robust self-healability, good biocompatibility, and reliable injectability, enabling ultrasensitive human motion monitoring and teeny electrophysiological signals sensing. As a frontier technology in artificial intelligence, machine learning can facilitate to efficiently and precisely identify the electromyography signals produced by various human motions (such as variable finger gestures) with up to 99.5% accuracy, affirming the reliability of the machine learning-assisted gesture identification with great potential in smart personalized healthcare and human-machine interaction. Moreover, the MXene hydrogel-based skin sensor displays prominent EMI shielding performance, demonstrating the great promise of effective personal protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.566","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuan-Yuan Zhao, Xiaojun Zhang, Zixuan Chen, Yihui Xu, Heejeong Kim, Hyunsun Jeong, You Rim Lee, Jiah Lee, Xingshu Li, Juyoung Yoon
{"title":"Inside Front Cover: Supramolecular phthalocyanine assemblies-enhanced synergistic photodynamic and photothermal therapy guided by photoacoustic imaging","authors":"Yuan-Yuan Zhao, Xiaojun Zhang, Zixuan Chen, Yihui Xu, Heejeong Kim, Hyunsun Jeong, You Rim Lee, Jiah Lee, Xingshu Li, Juyoung Yoon","doi":"10.1002/agt2.616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.616","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, Yoon and co-workers developed a nanostructured supramolecular phototherapeutic agent based on Förster resonance energy transfer mechanism. Such nanostructured phototherapeutic agent can enable the visualization of a tumor with a photoacoustic signal-to-liver ratio as high as 11.9, and ultimately achieving a notable therapeutic effect in a preclinical model at a low dose through the photodynamic and photothermal synergistic therapy (e514).\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.616","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yujun Cai, Gengjia Chen, Minzhao Lin, Bo Li, Huihai Zhong, Tan Li, Zecong Xiao, Yong Wang, Xintao Shuai
{"title":"Inside Back Cover: Twins-like nanodrugs synchronously transport in blood and coalesce inside tumors for sensitive ultrasound imaging and triggerable penetrative drug delivery","authors":"Yujun Cai, Gengjia Chen, Minzhao Lin, Bo Li, Huihai Zhong, Tan Li, Zecong Xiao, Yong Wang, Xintao Shuai","doi":"10.1002/agt2.617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.617","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel strategy for nanoparticle size enlargement is developed by constructing a pair of similar nanodrugs, referred to as “twins-like nanodrugs (TLNs)”. The TLNs synchronously transport in blood, coalesce inside tumor and achieve particle aggregation for ultrasound-triggerable penetrative drug delivery (e476).\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qian He, Meiyiming Wang, Li Zhao, Bin Xu, Wenjing Tian, Liyun Zhang
{"title":"Front Cover: Near-infrared aggregation-induced emission materials: Bibliometric analysis and their application in biomedical field","authors":"Qian He, Meiyiming Wang, Li Zhao, Bin Xu, Wenjing Tian, Liyun Zhang","doi":"10.1002/agt2.615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.615","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials emitting near-infrared (NIR) light offer advantages like deep tissue penetration, minimal background interference, and negligible tissue damage. Consequently, NIR-AIE holds great promise in biomedical applications, including cell and living imaging, photothermal and photodynamic therapy, making it a prominent research focus (e505).\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminescent materials boosting optical storage into the new era of petabit-level capacity","authors":"Siwei Zhang, Pengfei Zhang, Ben Zhong Tang","doi":"10.1002/agt2.605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.605","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The recording of information stands as the most significant milestone in human civilization. Historically, the recording and storage of information have undergone a technological evolution from paintings to carvings, scribing, and digitization. The invention of optical compact discs (CDs) was one of the major landmarks in digital information technology. Over the past half-century, scientists have endeavored to enhance optical storage capacity by improving both optical systems and optical storage materials, as shown in Scheme 1. In terms of commercial products, the storage capacity has increased from 700 MB (CDs) to 27 GB (Blu-ray discs) by optimizing the optical system based on the same optical storage medium (polycarbonate). To surpass the conventional optical diffraction limit, the optical systems have evolved from traditional lasers to nonlinear two-photon absorption (TPA) and stimulated emission depletion (STED), which has minified the laser spot size from microns to approximately tens of nanometers, marking a remarkable achievement. However, luminescent materials are essential to enable TPA and STED technology to be applied in optical storage.</p><p>The traditional photopolymers or photoresists usually possess weak emission, and doped with rare earth phosphors, up-conversion nanoparticles, carbon dots, nanoclusters, and metal nanorods that can lead to enhanced fluorescence intensity, but the inorganic nanoparticles in photopolymers may induce light scattering. Traditional conjugated organic chromophores produce quenching upon solid-state aggregation. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) doped in photoresist achieved a reversibly switchable record and detected sub-diffraction site spacing of approximately 200 nm,<sup>[</sup><span><sup>1</sup></span><sup>]</sup> but the stability of GFP is far from meeting the requirements of optical storage. The above methods only enhance the fluorescence intensity of photopolymer film but cannot improve the fluorescence contrast of recorded and unrecorded areas. Therefore, the fluorescence signal radiated by the super-resolution point is easily submerged in the background noise, and the information cannot be read correctly.</p><p>Writing in Nature, Zhao et al.<sup>[</sup><span><sup>2</sup></span><sup>]</sup> reported that a photoresist film doped with aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) enables a volumetric nanoscale optical storage system, achieving an impressive 1.6 petabit super disk.</p><p>The concept of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) was proposed in the year of 2001.<sup>[</sup><span><sup>3</sup></span><sup>]</sup> AIEgens usually have rotors or isomerizable double bonds, resulting in weak or no emission in single molecular states (dilute solution) and enhanced emission in the aggregate form due to the restriction of intramolecular motion (RIM). After more than two decades of development, thousands of AIEgens have been designed and synthesized, and their emissions cover from ultravio","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.605","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meiru Zhang, Yujie Cheng, Ting Zhang, Bicong Liang, Xuehong Wei, Pi Wang, Danyu Xia, Xuzhou Yan
{"title":"A clusteroluminescent supramolecular polymer network constructed by pillararene and its application in information encryption","authors":"Meiru Zhang, Yujie Cheng, Ting Zhang, Bicong Liang, Xuehong Wei, Pi Wang, Danyu Xia, Xuzhou Yan","doi":"10.1002/agt2.608","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.608","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Clusterization-triggered emissive (CTE) materials have attracted great attention in recent years. The regulation of the emission property of materials with CTE property through supramolecular interactions is an excellent strategy for the construction of smart fluorescent materials. In this work, we have prepared a regulatable supramolecular polymer network with CTE properties through pillararene-based host−guest interactions. The pillar[5]arene-grafted poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) showed a classic CTE character. After adding Brooker's merocyanine-grafted polymer to the solution of the pillar[5]arene-containing PMMA, the supramolecular polymer network gel formed by the host−guest interactions between pillararene and Brooker's merocyanine guest. This supramolecular network showed brighter fluorescence than the pillar[5]arene-grafted PMMA in the solid state. In addition, the fluorescence emission of the supramolecular network can be further regulated by pH conditions. After adding an acid, the Brooker's merocyanine-containing guest polymer was protonated, and the supramolecular network changed to a protonated network through host−guest interactions between protonated Brooker's merocyanine guest and pillararene. Interestingly, the fluorescence was quenched when the supramolecular network turned into the protonated network. After adding a base, the protonated network can convert back to the original network, along with recovery of the fluorescence. Therefore, the regulation of the fluorescence of the supramolecular polymer materials with CTE was successfully realized by pillararene-based host−guest interactions. Furthermore, this tailorable fluorescent supramolecular polymer network system was applied as an information encryption material.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.608","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141343341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua Weygant, Ali Entezari, Fritz Koch, Ricardo André Galaviz, Carlos Ezio Garciamendez, Pável Hernández, Vanessa Ortiz, David Sebastián Rendon Ruiz, Francisco Aguilar, Andrea Andolfi, Ling Cai, Sushila Maharjan, Anayancy Osorio, Yu Shrike Zhang
{"title":"Droplet 3D cryobioprinting for fabrication of free-standing and volumetric structures","authors":"Joshua Weygant, Ali Entezari, Fritz Koch, Ricardo André Galaviz, Carlos Ezio Garciamendez, Pável Hernández, Vanessa Ortiz, David Sebastián Rendon Ruiz, Francisco Aguilar, Andrea Andolfi, Ling Cai, Sushila Maharjan, Anayancy Osorio, Yu Shrike Zhang","doi":"10.1002/agt2.599","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.599","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Droplet-based bioprinting has shown remarkable potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, it requires bioinks with low viscosities, which makes it challenging to create complex 3D structures and spatially pattern them with different materials. This study introduces a novel approach to bioprinting sophisticated volumetric objects by merging droplet-based bioprinting and cryobioprinting techniques. By leveraging the benefits of cryopreservation, we fabricated, for the first time, intricate, self-supporting cell-free or cell-laden structures with single or multiple materials in a simple droplet-based bioprinting process that is facilitated by depositing the droplets onto a cryoplate followed by crosslinking during revival. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated by bioprinting several cell types, with cell viability increasing to 80%–90% after up to 2 or 3 weeks of culture. Furthermore, the applicational capabilities of this approach are showcased by bioprinting an endothelialized breast cancer model. The results indicate that merging droplet and cryogenic bioprinting complements current droplet-based bioprinting techniques and opens new avenues for the fabrication of volumetric objects with enhanced complexity and functionality, presenting exciting potential for biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weili Wang, Hao Ma, Qiuting Huang, Siheng Luo, Bin Ren, Zhongqun Tian, Guokun Liu
{"title":"Unveiling the exceptional evolution of solute aggregates: From micro to trace, solution to interface","authors":"Weili Wang, Hao Ma, Qiuting Huang, Siheng Luo, Bin Ren, Zhongqun Tian, Guokun Liu","doi":"10.1002/agt2.589","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.589","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Existential state of solutes substantially affects the efficiency and direction of various chemical and biological processes, about which current consensus is still limited at macro and micro levels. At the trace level, solutes assume a pivotal role across a spectrum of critical fields. However, their existential states, especially at interfaces, remain largely elusive. Herein, an exceptional evolution of solute molecules is unveiled from micro to trace, solution to interface, with the aid of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, extinction, DLS and theoretical simulations. Given predominant existence of monomers within the solution, these aggregates dominate the interfacial behavior of solute molecules. Moreover, a universal, aggregate-controlled mechanism is demonstrated that aggregates triggered by cosolvent, which can dramatically promote efficiency of catalytic reactions. The results provide novel insights into the interaction mechanisms between reactants and catalysts, potentially offering fresh perspectives for the manipulation of multiphase catalysis and related biological processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.589","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Wang, Lu Fan, Anne M. Filppula, Yu Wang, Luoran Shang, Hongbo Zhang
{"title":"Spatiotemporal responsive hydrogel microspheres for the treatment of gastric cancer","authors":"Li Wang, Lu Fan, Anne M. Filppula, Yu Wang, Luoran Shang, Hongbo Zhang","doi":"10.1002/agt2.600","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.600","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of tumor drug microcarriers has attracted considerable interest due to their distinctive therapeutic performances. Current attempts tend to elaborate on the micro/nano-structure design of the microcarriers to achieve multiple drug delivery and spatiotemporal responsive features. Here, the desired hydrogel microspheres are presented with spatiotemporal responsiveness for the treatment of gastric cancer. The microspheres are generated based on inverse opals, their skeleton is fabricated by biofriendly hyaluronic acid methacrylate (HAMA) and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and is then filled with a phase-changing hydrogel composed of fish gelatin and agarose. Besides, the incorporated black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) within the filling hydrogel endow the microspheres with outstanding photothermal responsiveness. Two antitumor drugs, sorafenib (SOR) and doxorubicin (DOX), are loaded in the skeleton and filling hydrogel, respectively. It is found that the drugs show different release profiles upon near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, which exerts distinct performances in a controlled manner. Through both in vitro and in vivo experiments, it is demonstrated that such microspheres can significantly reduce tumor cell viability and enhance the efficiency in treating gastric cancer, indicating a promising stratagem in the field of drug delivery and tumor therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.600","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141258894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}