[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"[Salt reduction attempts in workers after specific food service facility guidance provided by a public health center: A case study at a worksite in Kawagoe City, Saitama Prefecture].","authors":"Makiko Sato, Keiko Sakaguchi, Yukari Takemi, Hiroshi Maruyama","doi":"10.11236/jph.23-101","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.23-101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　The Kawagoe City Public Health Center implemented a project to reduce salt intake through specific food service facility guidance in workplace cafeterias. Here, we report the study results.Methods　The target worksite was company A, with approximately 270 employees, located in Kawagoe City, Saitama Prefecture. There were 214 participants (approximately 80%). The project was conducted from November 2019 to November 2021. The long-term goal was to decrease the number of hypertensive cases in the city. Project outcomes included decreased salt intake, urinary sodium/potassium ratio, and average blood pressure. The project aimed to improve the cafeteria menu, focusing on salt reduction by offering Smart Meals^® and reducing the salt equivalents in all menus. The project output indicators included reduced amount of salt in cafeteria menu items, increased frequency of cafeteria use, increased positive evaluations of the cafeteria, and increased daily awareness of the need for salt reduction. Spot urine samples, blood pressure measurements, and self-administered questionnaire data were collected during annual physical examinations. The amount of salt in the cafeteria menu was evaluated by receiving monthly data from the food service company to which company A outsourced its cafeteria operations.Results　The analysis included 102 individuals with complete data from to 2019-2021. Estimated salt intake (g/day) from spot urine decreased from 10.3±2.1 in 2019 to 9.8±2.4 in 2020 and 9.5±2.0 in 2021 (P=0.003). Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) decreased from 114.7±12.5 in 2019 to 111.7±12.1 in 2020 and 110.6±12.0 in 2021 (P=0.010). Compared to 2019, changes in dietary salt equivalents in cafeteria menus in 2020 and 2021decreased for set meals A and B, curries, and noodles (P<0.001).Conclusion　We offered Smart Meals^® and reduced salt equivalents in all workplace cafeteria menus. After 1-2 years, employees' salt intake and blood pressure levels were lower. These results provide implications for the implementation of food environment improvements in public health centers and other local government agencies to promote the Health Japan 21 (third term) strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"408-417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Responses from the Editorial Board].","authors":"","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-200","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.24-200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Validity assessment of self-reported medication use in a pharmacoepidemiologic study by comparison with prescription record review].","authors":"Rina Yajima, Minako Matsumoto, Miho Iida, Sei Harada, Takuma Shibuki, Aya Hirata, Kazuyo Kuwabara, Naoko Miyagawa, Tomonori Nakamura, Tomonori Okamura, Toru Takebayashi","doi":"10.11236/jph.23-110","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.23-110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　Although self-reported questionnaires are widely used to collect information on medication use in epidemiological studies, their validity for studies involving older adults has not been sufficiently assessed. This study evaluated the validity of self-reported medication use using questionnaires in comparison with drug notebooks.Methods　The study enrolled 370 older community dwellers who participated in an aging sub-study survey of the Tsuruoka Metabolomics Cohort Study between April 2019 and March 2021. Medication use was assessed by comparing self-reported questionnaire data with drug notebook records. We analyzed medications used for hypertension, dyslipidemia, myocardial infarction, angina, diabetes, rheumatism, osteoporosis/metabolic bone disease, constipation, anxiety/depression, dementia, asthma, allergy, thrombosis, and thyroid disease. Moreover, gastrointestinal (GI) medications, steroids, and antipyretic analgesics were assessed, and data on injectable medications for osteoporosis/metabolic bone disease was collected. Using drug notebook records, we identified regular medication users by assessing whether they had received oral medication prescriptions covering over 28 days and took the medication within the 90 days preceding the day of their survey. To define medication categories, we used Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification codes. Sensitivity, specificity, and kappa statistics were calculated for each medication using drug notebooks as standards. Those who did not bring their drug notebooks on the day of the survey were defined as non-medication users.Results　The mean age (standard deviation) of the 370 participants (146 men and 224 women) was 73.3 (4.0) years. The sensitivity and specificity for each medication were as follows: hypertension (0.97, 0.97), dyslipidemia (0.93, 0.98), myocardial infarction (0.24, 0.99), diabetes (0.94, 1.00), rheumatism (1.00, 1.00), osteoporosis/metabolic bone disease (0.82, 0.99), constipation (0.71, 0.98), GI conditions (0.63, 0.97), anxiety/depression (0.36, 1.00), dementia (0.67, 1.00), asthma (0.67, 0.98), allergy (0.57, 0.99), thrombosis (0.88, 0.98), steroids (0.80, 0.99), thyroid disease (1.00, 1.00) and antipyretic analgesics (0.75, 0.96).Conclusions　Although sensitivity and specificity differed by medication categories, the results of our population-based cohort study suggested that self-reported questionnaires on medication use among older adults are valid, especially for medications with high sensitivity (≥ 0.8).</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"430-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ethical Issues in Research on the Japanese Health Checkups and Specific Health Guidance].","authors":"Junya Shimamoto","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-044","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.24-044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Actual usage of Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese among individuals engaged in work related to food and nutrition: Comparison between workplaces].","authors":"Minami Sugimoto, Keiko Asakura, Ryoko Katagiri, Satoshi Sasaki","doi":"10.11236/jph.23-100","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.23-100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　The aim of this study was to compare how Dietary Reference Intakes for the Japanese (DRIs), which are dietary guidelines proposing reference values for the intake of energy and nutrients by healthy Japanese people, are used by personnel whose work involves diet, food, or nutrition.Methods　A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted in July 2023 among those involved in work closely related to diet, food and/or nutrition. The frequency of the use of DRIs in daily work and the details of use, including the chapter used, difficulty of use, information source for revisions, and interest in a revised version, were compared among workplaces (e.g., medical institutions; school and welfare facilities; government institutions; dietitian training schools; companies; and freelancer in community and others).Results　Among 1,030 participants, 58% (n=597) used DRIs \"very often\" or \"often\" in their daily work. For example, DRIs were used to prepare institutional meals and facilitate nutrition management and guidance in medical institutions; prepare institutional meals in schools and welfare facilities; ensure nutrition management and guidance for citizens and prepare courses/materials for government institutions; and prepare courses/materials for dietitian training schools. Regarding the main parts of the DRIs used, most respondents chose the chapters entitled \"Energy\" (66%) and \"Macronutrients\" (72%). For all participants (n=1,030), the main difficulties in the use of DRIs were \"a large number of sentences in the DRIs and an insufficient time to read\" (stated by 54% of all respondents; the proportion did not significantly differ among workplaces). The main source of information on revised DRIs was \"seminars and workshops by the Japan Dietetic Association\" (70% of all respondents). However, many respondents in the government and dietitian training institutions also identified \"workshops or public information by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare\" as major sources. Regarding participants' main interest in the revised version of the DRIs, general policy (77%) and revised reference values (74%) generated the highest levels of interest. Those working at dietitian training schools had a greater interest in change related to scientific evidence for each reference value than those working elsewhere.Conclusions　DRIs are frequently used by those involved in work related to food and nutrition. In this study, DRI use and related interests differed based on the workplaces surveyed. In future revisions of DRIs, the addition of further descriptions or appendices in line with their use in workplaces may be needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"357-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140332356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Development and evaluation of reliability and validity of Japanese version of Positive Solitude Scale].","authors":"Nagisa Nakao, Michiyo Hirano","doi":"10.11236/jph.23-096","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.23-096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　Solitude is a state of being without social contact; it occurs when a person chooses not to interact with others, even when they are in the company of others. It is not necessarily accompanied by negative feelings. In contrast, loneliness, is a psychological state characterized by the feeling of needing the company of others. Most Japanese studies have regarded loneliness as an unpleasant and painful experience. In this study, focusing on solitude, we developed the Japanese version of Positive Solitude Scale (JPSS) developed by Palgi et al. and evaluated its reliability and validity. This scale assesses the \"conscious and voluntary decision to be alone as a positive experience.\"Methods　A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted between May and August 2023, with 700 men and women participants aged 20 years or older living in Ward A, Sapporo. The survey items comprised basic attributes, the JPSS, subjective sense of health, subjective sense of well-being, and depression to verify convergent validity and social network and loneliness to verify discriminant validity. Additionally, principal component and correlation analyses were performed.Results　A total of 245 questionnaires were collected, and 237 valid responses were obtained (valid response rate: 33.9%). The participants' mean age was 58.5±1.2 years and 111 (46.8%) were men; the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the JPSS was 0.92. The principal component analysis revealed that all nine items had principal component loadings above 0.6, with a cumulative contribution of 62.3% to the overall scale. The total scale score was significantly positively correlated with subjective health (ρ=0.210, P=0.001), positive affect (ρ=0.302, P<0.001), and life satisfaction (ρ=0.241, P<0.001). There were no significant correlations among depression, negative affect, social networks, and loneliness.Conclusions　The JPSS is a reliable and valid instrument unaffected by social networks and other social relationships. It is expected to be a promising new scale that can measure perceptions of time as a positive emotion, distinct from loneliness.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"349-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Examination of the relationship between tasks in geriatric health service facilities and benefits of working for older assistant care workers].","authors":"Keiko Sugiura, Tomoya Sagara, Mai Takase, Isuzu Nakamoto, Panpan Ma, Yoko Muto, Kentaro Higashi, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Hiroshi Murayama","doi":"10.11236/jph.23-080","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.23-080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　In this study, we clarified the characteristics of tasks performed by older assistant care workers at geriatric health services facilities, by individual characteristics and work status. Additionally, we examined the relationship between the tasks and benefits of working for older assistant care workers.Methods　A self-administered questionnaire survey was provided to 2,571 elderly care facilities employing assistant care workers aged ≥60.　A total of 1,606 responses were obtained, and personal characteristics, working conditions, tasks, and benefits of working for older care assistants were surveyed. Thirteen work tasks were established and categorized into four broad categories; user transfer assistance, facility maintenance, meal-related assistance, and managing and talking to users. Seven benefits of working as care assistants were \"contribution to society,\" \"social connection,\" \"purpose of life,\" \"income,\" \"learning from caregiving,\" \"health maintenance and promotion,\" and \"time utilization.\"Results　Most of the respondents were women and relatively young workers. Among tasks, men, younger workers, and those working >5 days weekly represented a high proportion of those performing user transfer assistance tasks. Tasks on managing and talking to users were not correlated with sex, age, and number of days worked, but those with more flexible work patterns were more likely to be engaged in such tasks. Logistic regression analysis showed that user transfer assistance was correlated with benefits of working, such as \"contribution to society,\" \"social connection,\" and \"learning from caregiving.\" Moreover, facility maintenance was associated with \"income,\" \"health maintenance and promotion,\" and \"time utilization\" and meal-related assistance was associated with \"learning from caregiving.\" Managing and talking to users was associated with \"contribution of society,\" \"social connection,\" \"purpose of life,\" and \"learning from caregiving.\"Conclusion　The tasks of the workers were associated with individual characteristics and work status. The perception of benefits between the working tasks that involved frequent contact with users and those that did not were considerably different.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"337-348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Development of a new method for assessing the availability of low-sodium foods in Japan].","authors":"Hitomi Hayabuchi, Yukari Takemi, Masanori Ohta, Ikuko Sakata, Keiko Sakaguchi, Akiko Kubo, Katsushi Yoshita, Kaori Kitaoka, Yukiko Okami, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Tomonori Okamura, Koichi Node, Katsuyuki Miura","doi":"10.11236/jph.23-094","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.23-094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　Food environment improvement involving salt reduction requires improving access to and labeling low-sodium foods. Assessing the implementation status of these measures is also necessary. However, to date, no established methods exist for assessing the availability of low-sodium foods in communities. In this study, we aimed to devise a survey on the availability of low-sodium foods as a community food environment assessment method in order to establish common assessment methods, criteria, and practical measures, as well as standardization nationwide.Methods　A preliminary survey on the availability of low-sodium foods was conducted in Kitakyushu City in four stores with nationwide representation. Consent for providing information on handled product lists was obtained. The on-site lists collected through direct investigation by surveyors were compared with the handled product lists provided by the stores and analyzed to identify survey challenges and examine feasibility and the potential for accuracy. The definition of low-sodium foods, which emerged as a challenge in the preliminary survey, was confirmed. Preliminary survey data were carefully reviewed to establish classification criteria for low-sodium foods and create a low-sodium food list to serve as a reference for on-site surveys. Forms for recording the results of on-site surveys and a survey manual were developed. Registered dietitians conducted on-site surveys using the manual to confirm its applicability.Results　The preliminary survey results revealed that the on-site lists had fewer omissions and greater feasibility than store-provided lists. After clearly defining low-sodium foods, we established classification criteria (three major categories, seven subcategories, and 37 minor categories) considering the ease of on-site investigations and purchases. Three forms for recording survey results were developed, including a standard input form allowing detailed documentation of the availability of individual low-sodium foods, an aggregation form for a quantitative assessment of low-sodium foods availability, and a display form visualizing the availability of low-sodium foods by store. Furthermore, a survey manual was developed explaining the purpose and approach of the low-sodium foods availability survey, definition and classification criteria for low-sodium foods, and the three forms for recording survey results. Findings indicated that all registered dietitians could conduct on-site surveys using the manual and successfully collect and organize data.Conclusion　On-site surveys using the manual and documentation forms enabled easy and accurate assessments of low-sodium foods availability. Thus, this standardized method to assess the availability of low-sodium foods could be a food environment assessment method for regional salt reduction initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"366-375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140332357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Understanding public health nurses' experience, knowledge, and perception of bioterrorism training in Japan].","authors":"Yoshimi Suzuki, Chie Ishida, Minako Sawai, Takumi Yamaguchi","doi":"10.11236/jph.23-058","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.23-058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　Bioterrorism is a disease in which the attacks can be covert and latent, take time to manifest, and, when discovered, can result in large outbreaks. When detected, they can become large-scale outbreaks. Therefore, preparedness is essential for early detection and response for damage mitigation. Although public health nurses (PHNs) of public health centers are responsible for detecting and dealing with bioterrorism, their preparation status is not clear. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the status of training experience, knowledge, and awareness of bioterrorism among PHNs working in public health centers' infectious disease control departments in Japan's metropolitan areas.Methods　This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. The participants were PHNs in the infectious disease control departments of 88 public health centers in Tokyo and its three neighboring prefectures. This are densely populated metropolitan areas with many mass gathering events and a high probability of bioterrorism. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted by mail in 2019. Two PHNs per location were surveyed regarding their attributes, training experience, knowledge, and perceptions.Results　We received 71 responses (40.3%). A total of 10 (14.1%) PHNs reported having experience with bioterrorism training in the workplace. Regarding the knowledge of the four infectious diseases with a high probability of bioterrorism, more than 95% of the respondents answered they had heard of them. However, few were aware of related treatments or terrorist responses. Although survey respondents were aware of the seriousness of bioterrorism and the effectiveness of preparedness, they did not have sufficient opportunity or time to have training. They tended to be less confident in their response and were willing to have training.Conclusion　PHNs who responded to this survey do not have sufficient training experience, knowledge, opportunities, and time for bioterrorism training, and establishing a training system to improve bioterrorism preparedness is a challenge. It will be necessary for PHN students to learn about the existence of bioterrorism. Further, PHNs in public health centers need to be trained at least once using online services, including brushing up on information as needed. Based on the lessons learned from the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, health centers will formulate a Health Crisis Management Plan. This will be effective in fiscal 2024, and we believe that it is essential that preparedness against bioterrorism be a part of this plan.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"314-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139934477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine against hospitalization during the alpha and delta variant surges in Tokyo].","authors":"Masako Shikami, Yasuyuki Kato, Shunya Ikeda","doi":"10.11236/jph.23-057","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.23-057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　Evidence on COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness outside of clinical trials is insufficient. We aimed to determine the real-world effectiveness of mRNA vaccines in preventing hospitalization via data from the Health Center Real-time Information-sharing System on COVID-19 (HER-SYS), a national public database on COVID-19 cases in Japan.Methods　This case-control study targeted residents of Minato-ward, Tokyo, aged ≥50 years, who were COVID-19 positive between May 17 and Sep 30, 2021 (the alpha and delta strains-dominant period). Those hospitalized within 10 days of onset or diagnosis were considered the case group and control patients were not hospitalized. Patients were grouped according to vaccination status; group 1, unvaccinated, groups 2 and 3, who received the first dose ≤14 days and ≥15 days, respectively, and groups 4 and 5, who received the second dose ≤14 and ≥15 days before onset, respectively. To estimate vaccine effectiveness, adjusted odd ratios (OR) were calculated for each group against group 1. Furthermore, to determine other risk factors for hospitalization, OR were calculated for age, sex, and presence of any underlying diseases.Results　This study analyzed 192 case and 366 control patients. The adjusted OR were 1.48 (95% Cl=0.88-2.50), 0.71 (95% Cl=0.27-1.80), 0.58 (95% Cl=0.20-1.66), and 0.30 (95% Cl=0.13-0.67) for groups 2-5, respectively. Additionally, the adjusted OR were 1.57 (95% Cl=1.07-2.29), 1.05 (95% Cl=1.03-1.07), and 1.69 (95% Cl=1.15-2.48) for presence of underlying disease, 1-year increase of age, and men, respectively.Conclusion　Patients aged ≥50 years who received the second dose of the mRNA vaccine ≥15 days before onset had a significantly lower risk of hospitalization. Additionally, older age, men, and presence of underlying diseases were risk factors for hospitalization. Further studies on vaccine effectiveness to prevent severe diseases, hospitalization, and death following booster immunization during the omicron strain-dominant period are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"307-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140332358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}