[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"[Health-promoting activities and facilitating/inhibiting factors in hospitals, clinics, and nursing care facilities: Public interest corporation survey results].","authors":"Teruko Kawabata, Hidenori Uda, Masakazu Nakamura, Takashi Yamada, Noriko Sasaki, Yuichi Imanaka","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　Medical and nursing care services within community-based integrated care systems are vital in community health. This study aimed to assess the current status of health-promoting activities across hospitals, clinics, and nursing homes operated by the Japan Association for Development of Community Medicine and explore differences depending on the type of facility and strategies for expanding these activities.Methods　Between April 2022 and September 2023, we conducted web-based surveys, followed by telephone and email interviews. The survey covered three main areas; health-promoting activities for patients/users, the community, and staff (options), willingness to expand activities (10-point scale), and facilitating and inhibiting factors (open-ended responses). Responses were analyzed according to facility type, and activities were categorized according to the 2020 Standards for Health-Promoting Hospitals and Health Services (The 2020 HPH Standards).Results　The response rate was 100%. Activities were implemented across all facilities. The percentages of facilities that implemented activities in hospitals, clinics, and nursing homes were as follows; patients/users (96.0, 84.5, 94.4, P = 0.011), community (96.0, 83.3, 100.0, P < 0.001), and staff (100.0, 72.9, 94.4, P < 0.001). The implementation rates were significantly lower in clinics than in hospitals and nursing homes. The mean number of activities in small clinics with < 50 staff (S) was significantly lower than that in large clinics with > 50 staff (L) for patients/users (S, L, difference) (4.1, 6.2, P = 0.034), community (4.9, 9.1, P < 0.001), and staff (1.6, 3.8, P < 0.001). Willingness did not vary by facility type (median of 7.0); however, conviction, as a determinant of willingness, was slightly higher in clinics and nursing homes than in hospitals (hospital = 7.0, clinics and nursing homes = 8.0). The most common facilitating factor for hospitals was \"development of organizational structure,\" such as the establishment of a promotion committee, whereas for clinics and nursing homes, it was the \"provision of educational materials and know-how.\" The most common inhibiting factor was \"increasing workload.\" These activities aligned with almost all 2020 HPH standards; however, the evaluation system needed improvement.Conclusion　All facilities are implementing health-promoting activities according to the 2020 HPH standards and have expressed eagerness to expand their activities. Developing organizational structures, ensuring the profitability of activities, developing evaluation indicators for measuring results, and establishing an evaluation system are crucial for expansion.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foster parent support and needs of public health nurses, pediatric nurses, and childcare workers: A survey of three municipalities with high foster parent placement rates in Japan.","authors":"Yoko Ishii, Sanae Tomita, Sachiko Ikeda, Akane Yamamoto","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　This study aimed to elucidate foster parent support afforded by and the related needs of public health nurses, pediatric nurses, and childcare workers in Japan.Methods　We conducted a quantitative study involving 95 public health nurses, 450 pediatric nurses, and 360 childcare workers in three municipalities with foster parent placement rates higher than the national average in Japan. The participants were questioned regarding their experiences in supporting foster parents at work; participation in foster parent support training; awareness and perceptions of foster parents; knowledge about foster parents, foster children, and the foster care system; and confidence in supporting foster parents. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze quantitative data. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis.Results　Questionnaires were collected from 179 participants (recovery rate: 19.8%). The breakdown of respondents was as follows: 19 public health nurses (10.6%), 77 pediatric nurses (43.0%), and 83 childcare workers (46.4%). Twenty-four participants (13.4%) replied that they had participated in foster parent support training, and 46 (25.7%) replied that they had experience supporting foster parents at work. Only 20.8% of the respondents answered that they were confident in supporting foster parents. There were differences in the experience of supporting foster parents at work and participation in foster parent support training depending on the participants' job type. The proportion of public health nurses was high in both categories. Experience supporting foster parents at work and participation in foster parent support training were significantly related to confidence.Conclusion　We found that the limited opportunities for public health nurses, pediatric nurses, and childcare workers to engage in supporting foster parents and participate in foster parent support training contribute to their low confidence levels in these areas. Our findings underscore the necessity of disseminating knowledge about foster care systems and fostering an understanding of foster families among pediatric nurses and childcare workers. Integrating training related to social care and foster care systems into basic nursing education is necessary. Moreover, actively listening to the perspectives and experiences of foster parents can provide valuable insights for professionals in these fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Current status of relocation among terminally ill older residents of nursing facilities: Observational study using anonymous long-term care receipt information].","authors":"Takumi Shirakata, Sayaka Tabuchi, Mikiko Ito, Katsuyuki Miura, Tomotaka Sobue","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　In Japan, efforts to provide \"end-of-life care\" in nursing homes are increasing and its introduction through long-term care insurance in 2006 is a major step forward. However, previous studies have shown that relocating older adults to their end-of-life care affects their burden. This study examined individuals' end-of-life care use under long-term care insurance in older care facilities and investigated the relocation frequency among terminally ill older residents of nursing facilities using receipt data.Methods　The research targeted individuals aged ≥ 65 years under long-term care insurance who used formal end-of-life care services and were passed into residential facilities between April 1, 2018 and March 31, 2021. Data were obtained from anonymous long-term care certification information provided by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. Six facilities providing end-of-life care were considered; older care facilities, geriatric health service facilities, designated establishments, and dementia group homes. A total of 233,735 individuals with service use records in the month of service cessation were aggregated according to facility, individual factors, and prefecture. Additionally, we defined end-of-life relocation as occurring if three categories of end-of-life care fees (day of death, 1-2 days before death, and 4-30 days before death) did not continue until the day of death.Results　The participants were individuals aged ≥ 85 years (83.35%), 25.29% were men, and 93.53% required a care level of ≥ 3. Older nursing care facilities recorded the highest number (114,356) of end-of-life care users. The proportion of individuals with moderate-to-severe dementia (level ≥ IIIa; approximately 80%) was higher in nursing homes for older adults, community-based nursing homes for older adults, and dementia group homes than in other facilities. Relocation during the terminal phase was less prevalent in facilities with higher doctor and nurse staffing levels. At the individual level, relocation is more frequent among men, younger individuals, those with lower care levels, and those with intact decision-making and communication abilities. Conclusion　Terminally ill residents aged ≥ 80 years with severe levels of care were the most likely to use end-of-life care. Moreover, 0.2-2% relocated across all facilities within 30 days before death. The relocation frequency increased based on individual factors and was mitigated by a thorough system of medical staff deployment.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Educational inequalities in mortality by prefectures in Japan: national census-linked mortality data, 2010-2015].","authors":"Hirokazu Tanaka, Kota Katanoda, Yasuki Kobayashi","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　To examine a comprehensive monitoring framework for health inequalities in Japan, this study aimed to quantify educational inequalities in mortality and its regional variations, which are widely used internationally as outcome measures of health inequalities.Methods　Individual data were obtained from the 2010 Population Census and Vital Statistics death records (2010-2015). We used the combination of \"sex,\" \"birth month/year,\" \"municipality of residence,\" \"marital status,\" and \"age of spouse (married individuals only)\" as a linkage key. Individuals with a unique \"linkage key\" were selected and included in the sample population. We included 7,984,451 Japanese individuals (3,992,202 men and 3,992,249 women) aged 30-79 years (9.9% of the total census population). Death records with a unique \"linkage key\" were linked to these records using the deterministic linkage method (five-year cumulative proportion of deaths; 5.6% for men and 2.5% for women). Inverse probability weights were calculated from the ratio of the total to sample population, using the distributions of sex, age, prefecture, educational attainment, and occupation. Weighted age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) and ASMR ratios by educational level were calculated, and their variations by prefecture were analyzed.Results　Estimated all-cause ASMRs (per 100,000 population) for men were 1,025 (95% confidence interval [CI]; 1,013-1,037) for high education (university graduation) and 1,245 (95% CI; 1,238-1,253) for middle/low education (junior/senior high school graduation). The respective values for all-cause ASMRs in women were 496 (95% CI: 485-508) and 640 (95% CI: 636-645). Estimated all-cause ASMR ratios between low/middle and high education levels were 1.21 (95% CI; 1.17-1.26) for men and 1.29 (95% CI; 1.17-1.41) for women. The ASMRs were higher for middle/low education than for high education in each prefecture; this trend was particularly pronounced among men. Additionally, no systematic differences were observed, although geographical backgrounds were considered.Conclusion　Using the national census-linked mortality data, ASMR was approximately 1.2-1.3 times higher for \"junior/senior high school graduates\" than for \"university and above graduates\" in Japan. Although regional variations in the ASMR ratio were small, a more accurate mortality database must be constructed for further analysis in prefectures.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of hospitalization status by major classification according to ICD-10 among public assistance recipients considering sex and age].","authors":"Hideyuki Watanabe, Masaaki Matsunaga, He Yupeng, Atsuhiko Ota, Li Yuanying, Kotaro Kuwaki, Shinichi Tanihara","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　We evaluated the number of hospitalizations among public assistance recipients for each major classification according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10), adjusting for sex and age differences in the general Japanese population. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of hospitalization patterns among public assistance recipients by disease category.Methods　We used indirect methods to adjust for sex and age, with public assistance recipients and the entire Japanese population as the observation and reference groups, respectively. We calculated the standardized hospitalization ratios (SHRs) for each major classification based on the ICD-10. We only used publicly available government statistics, including data from the 2020 Patient Survey, for hospitalization rates according to sex, age, and major classification. Additionally, we used data from the 2020 National Survey on Public Assistance Recipients conducted for the number of public assistance recipients by sex and age groups and data from the 2020 Survey on the Actual Status of Medical Assistance conducted for the number of hospitalizations by major classification.Results　After adjusting for age, the overall SHR was 1.49. The major classifications with the high SHRs for men and women were \"V. Mental and behavioural disorders\" (SHR for men; 4.06, women; 3.45) and \"IV. Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases\" (SHR for men; 2.40, women; 1.47). Conversely, the major classifications with low SHRs were \"XVI. Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period\" (SHR; 0.43) and \"VII. Diseases of the eye and adnexa\" (SHR; 0.44) for men. For women, these were \"XV. Pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium\" (SHR; 0.17) and \"VII. Diseases of the eye and adnexa\" (SHR; 0.27).Conclusion　After adjusting for age, hospitalization status among public assistance recipients was higher overall than in the general Japanese population. However, if divided based on major classifications, higher and lower rates were observed compared with the general population. In assessing the status of medical assistance for public assistance recipients, research should be conducted by disease classification, considering the significant differences in age composition between public assistance recipients and the general Japanese population.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effect of the combination of \"weight gain of more than 10 kg since age 20\" and obesity on the new onset of diabetes mellitus].","authors":"Hanako Naruse, Kazuyo Kuwabara, Aya Hirata, Yukiko Imai, Daisuke Sugiyama, Mika Funamoto, Tomonori Okamura","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　Few reports have examined the association between \"weight gain since the past combined with the presence of obesity\" and diabetes mellitus (DM). Therefore, we longitudinally examined the influence of the combination of \"weight gain of ≥10 kg since the age of 20 years\" and the presence of obesity on the new onset of DM.Methods　We identified 8,704 National Health Insurance enrollees in Habikino City, Osaka Prefecture, who underwent specific health checkups in 2013. After excluding those who had DM previously and those who were untraceable and had missing data, 5,708 participants were included in the analysis. The risk of the new onset of DM was classified into \"no weight gain/non-obese,\" \"no weight gain/obese,\" \"weight gain/non-obese,\" and \"weight gain/obese\" groups. Weight gain and obesity were defined as gaining ≥10 kg since the age of 20 based on responses to a standard questionnaire from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and a BMI ≥25 kg/m². A Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the risk of the new onset of DM.Results　Participants' mean age was 64.3 ± 7.9 years. During the mean follow-up period of 3.14 ± 1.13 years, 126 (6.0%) men and 133 (3.7%) women developed DM. The hazard ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) for the new onset of DM were significantly higher in the weight gain/non-obese (1.77 [95% CI: 1.26-2.49]) and weight gain/obese groups (2.76 [95% CI: 2.05-3.72]), with the no weight gain/non-obese group as the reference group. By sex, the hazard ratio for men in the weight gain/obese group was 2.06 (95% CI: 1.34-3.18), whereas the hazard ratio was higher for women in the weight gain/obese (3.68 [95% CI: 2.44-5.53]) and weight gain/non-obese groups (2.19 [95% CI: 1.35-3.55]).Conclusion　Weight gain was a risk factor for the development of DM in individuals without obesity. This factor was more pronounced in women, who had a higher risk of the new onset of DM if they had gained > 10 kg since the age of 20, even if their BMI was less than 25 kg/m². The results suggest that those who fall into this category should receive lifestyle improvement guidance, even if they are not eligible for specific health guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Examination of the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the patient self-advocacy scale for psychiatric users].","authors":"Yui Hamada, Masako Kageyama, Keiko Yokoyama","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　In 2020, > 6 million individuals with mental disorders received psychiatric care. Advocacy is important to ensure that the rights of psychiatric patients, for whom involuntary hospitalization sometimes occurs, are maintained. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Patient Self-Advocacy Scale (PSAS) by Brashers et al. to measure the degree of patient self-advocacy and examine its reliability and validity.Methods　Five researchers translated the original PSAS into Japanese. The translated questionnaire was piloted with five psychiatric users and further revised. The revised content was back-translated by a professional translator and checked by the original author. An online questionnaire was administered to verify the validity and reliability of the completed Japanese PSAS. The questionnaire was distributed to individuals who received mental health services on a mailing list. Some respondents were asked to complete the questionnaire a second time to examine the reliability of the retest method. Reliability was examined by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the entire scale and subscales and evaluating the results of the correlation coefficients with the retest. For validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted, and correlation coefficients were calculated using related scales (the Japanese versions of the Desirability of Control, Desire for Autonomy, and Health Locus of Control scales).Results　The questionnaire received 214 responses, and the test-retest questionnaire received 48 responses. Most respondents had been diagnosed with mood disorders (48.1%) or schizophrenia (40.7%), and 46.8% had been receiving psychiatric care for > 10 years. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the overall scale and subscale analyses and correlation coefficients for retests ranged from 0.66-0.83 and 0.69-0.84, respectively. Regarding validity, exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors with items similar to those in the original version, and confirmatory factor analysis showed goodness of fit (CMIN/DF = 2.834, GFI = 0.896, AGFI = 0.841, RMSEA = 0.093, AIC = 198.542, CFI = 0.888). Correlations with relevant scales were significant with those of most subscales.Conclusion　The Japanese PSAS was valid and reliable. This scale can be used to assess self-advocacy among psychiatric users and may help understand attitudes toward rights and advocacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Factors associated with restarting or continuing community activities for older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic].","authors":"Kumiko Nonaka, Sachiko Murayama, Keiko Sugiura, Hiroshi Murayama","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　This study examined the factors associated with the status of group activities provided to older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic by community groups aiming to improve the health and social interactions of older adults. Methods　A mail survey was conducted with 372 leaders of neighborhood associations and Senior Citizen Clubs in November 2020 in Ward A, Tokyo. The questionnaire asked leaders about the status of group activities provided by neighborhood associations and the aforementioned clubs for older adults. Leaders responded regarding their group's activity status from April to October 2020 based on three patterns: 1) suspending the activity, 2) carrying out the activity by modifying the content, and 3) performing the activity without modifying the content. Data from 206 groups were analyzed. A latent class analysis (LCA) was performed using activity status to classify each group's activity patterns, and a multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted using activity patterns as dependent variables. Variations in activity content, activity frequency, the average number of participants and volunteers, having participants over 80 years old in the group, and the group's social capital were assigned as covariates. We also included the communication frequency between the volunteers and participants before COVID-19 and during the first state of emergency as covariates. Missing values were supplemented using a multiple imputation model. Results　Four patterns were identified from the LCA results: \"suspended the activity\" from April to October, \"restarted the activity with modified content\" from a specific month, \"continued the activity with modified content\" from April to October, and \"continued/restarted the activity without modified content\" from April to October. The multiple logistic regression, with \"suspended the activity\" as a reference group, demonstrated that a communication frequency of more than once a week was associated with \"continued the activity with modified content\" (odds ratio: = 5.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.19-23.21), and \"continued/restarted the activity without modified content\" (OR = 4.37, 95%CI = 1.07-17.82). In addition, carrying out the activity more than twice a month (OR = 3.12, 95%CI = 1.10-8.87) and having 6-10 volunteers (OR = 0.32, 95%CI = 0.11-0.89) were associated with \"restarted the activity with modified content.\"Conclusion　This study emphasizes the importance of communicating with participants more than once a week and having fewer volunteers to restart or continue group activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study findings can guide municipal governments and public health professionals in assisting community groups during emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between burnout and job-quitting intentions among public health center staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide survey in Japan.","authors":"Kazuya Taira, Takahiro Itaya, Kana Iwasaki, Yumiko Iwase, Sayaka Tabuchi, Misa Shiomi","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has imposed considerable stress on public health centers (PHCs) in Japan, raising concerns over staff burnout and intention to quit. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between burnout and job-quitting intention among PHC staff members and estimated the prevalence of burnout and job-quitting intentions among these staff members.Methods　This study employed a cross-sectional design. Survey requests were sent to all 468 PHCs in Japan. For the centers that agreed to participate, we confirmed the number of distributed surveys and conducted them via mail. The prevalence of burnout and job-quitting intentions was calculated after adjusting for age, sex, department, and occupation. The Burnout Scale includes three subscales; exhaustion, cynicism, and efficacy. We calculated descriptive statistics for each burnout subscale and assessed the relationship between burnout and job-quitting intentions using generalized estimating equations.Results　We received responses from 23.9% of PHCs (112/468) and 29.3% of staff (1754/5990). Adjusted prevalence was 48.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]; 45.8-50.2%) and 62.2% (95% CI; 59.4-64.9%) for burnout and job-quitting intentions, respectively. Notably, public health nurses demonstrated a pronounced adjusted prevalence of 51.7 (95% CI; 47.2-56.2) and 65.8 (95% CI; 61.7-69.9) for burnout and job-quitting intention, respectively. Of the three burnout domains, only exhaustion (median; 4.40 [interquartile range [IQR]; 3.00-5.80]) had a median score higher than the cut-off value, whereas cynicism (median; 3.40 [IQR; 2.20-5.00]) and efficacy (median; 3.17 [IQR; 2.33-4.33]) had moderate scores. Burnout was a significant predictor of high job-quitting intentions (adjusted relative risk; 1.54, 95% CI; 1.40-1.70).Conclusion　The high prevalence of job-quitting intentions among PHC staff highlights the need for interventions to prevent or reduce burnout. Addressing burnout is essential to reduce job-quitting intentions among Japanese PHC staff members.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Factors associated with cancer risk perception among high school sophomores: an analysis of national survey data based on a cancer education logic model to promote cancer control].","authors":"Hiroko Yako-Suketomo, Yuichi Ichinose, Yoshino Hosokawa, Asae Oura, Takuya Shimane, Koshu Sugisaki, Asuka Nakagawa, Takahiro Higashi","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　Using a nationwide survey of cancer education outcomes that contribute to cancer control, this study aimed to determine the short-term outcomes of cancer education associated with students' perceptions of cancer risk.Methods　An online survey was administered to second-year high school students between September and December 2022. The participants were asked about two basic attributes and 33 short-term outcome measures, as shown in the cancer education logic model. Of the 238 schools randomly selected nationwide, 145 (30,208 students) participated (60.9% of the institutions responded). Of the 21,692 respondents, 20,402 indicated that they would participate in the survey. The analysis included 19,785 respondents (response rate; 65.5%). After calculating the percentage of responses for each item, we conducted a Chi-square test with sex as the dependent variable and logistic regression analysis with cancer risk awareness as the dependent variable, using sex as the adjustment variable for statistical analysis. The significance level was set at P＜0.05.Results　The percentage of responses based on the calculation method for each indicator ranged from 67.6-88.4% and 77.5-93.1% among male and female students, respectively, for the seven indicators of cancer prevention. Contrastingly, the percentages for the three indicators in the field of cancer care ranged from 4.3-89.1% and 6.6-89.8% among male and female students, respectively. Cancer risk awareness among female students was higher than that among male students at 3,196 (31.9%) and 2,814 (28.8%), respectively (P＜0.001). Additionally, more female students knew about cancer, whereas more male students felt stigmatized. Furthermore, in an analysis in which sex was used as a moderating variable, 25 of the 33 items were risk perception-related factors. Of these, odds ratio was 0.92 (95% confidence interval; 0.86-0.98) for those who found it easy to judge \"the basis of cancer information.\"Conclusion　Cancer risk perception was positively associated with sex and many short-term outcome measures in cancer education. Improved health education on cancer as a typical disease and an appropriate social environment for such education are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}