[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"[The lived meaning of becoming homeless and subsequently obtaining housing: A qualitative study of individuals with long-term experiences of homelessness].","authors":"Nao Kuroyanagi, Hideki Hashimoto","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-129","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　Homelessness has a profound impact on health and is often framed as an extreme form of social exclusion. In Japan, policies and support programs have promoted stable housing as a pathway to independence, contributing to a marked decline in the number of individuals experiencing homelessness. Nevertheless, the homeless population has aged, and homelessness has become prolonged; among this population, the avoidance of support services and return to street homelessness remain notable challenges. While previous studies have emphasized structural factors and formal outcomes, such as facility entry, reasons for discharge, and housing acquisition, the subjective experiences of individuals transitioning into housing remain underexplored. The objective of this study was to qualitatively describe how individuals experiencing long-term homelessness perceive homelessness and obtaining housing within the context of their relationships with others in society.Methods　This was an exploratory qualitative study. Participants were recruited through a support organization in the Tokyo metropolitan area. The study included four men who had experienced homelessness for more than 10 years and had been living in apartments for at least 1 year at the time of the interviews. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between July and August 2023. The interview transcripts were analyzed using a phenomenological approach, focusing on lived experiences, context, and meaning through an iterative interpretive process.Results　Three major themes were identified. \"Becoming 'no one'\" described experiences of disengaging from social roles and expectations tied to family, work, and community, resulting in the loss of a socially defined sense of self. \"Living as oneself while being accepted\" referred to practices through which participants sustained their lives during homelessness by finding specific spaces or relationships in which they were not judged based on their social status or roles. \"Being required to become 'someone' again\" captured the experience of obtaining housing, in which institutional rules, social expectations, and relationships re-entered daily life, destabilizing previously viable ways of living.Conclusions　Experiencing homelessness and obtaining housing were not defined by the presence or absence of housing; rather, they involved relationships with others and shifts in those relationships. In providing support, it is necessary to recognize that relational changes accompanying housing acquisition may create new difficulties. Support should therefore be attentive to individual experiences, accompanying individuals in accepting such changes and building new relationships. This study suggests directions for homelessness support that extend beyond the provision of physical housing.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"772-781"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Conceptual clarification and future perspectives on work-like activities (shuro-teki katsudo) and their support: A focus on social participation in later life].","authors":"Hiroshi Murayama, Makoto Yamanaka, Takuya Ueda, Masataka Kuraoka, Noriyuki Ogawa, Tomoaki Ishibashi, Narumi Tsukamoto, Yoshinori Fujiwara","doi":"10.11236/jph.26-022","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.26-022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abstract　In rapidly aging Japan, supporting older adults in maintaining meaningful social roles is an important public health priority for extending healthy life expectancy and preventing the need for long-term care. In response, the Work-like Activity (Shuro-teki Katsudo) Support Coordinator Placement Program was introduced in 2020 to promote role-based social participation among older adults. Within this policy framework, this paper clarifies the concepts of work-like activities and work-like activity support. By reviewing diverse definitions and practices and examining their alignment with documents issued by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, we identify key conceptual issues related to work-like activities and emphasize their significance as meaningful forms of social participation, particularly regarding paid activities outside formal employment. Two central perspectives on work-like activity support are highlighted: (1) aligning activities with older adults' preferences and functional conditions and (2) developing and expanding opportunities that accommodate diverse health and functional states. This conceptual framework may support the planning and implementation of municipal programs while providing a common foundation for future research on the prevalence and effects of work-like activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"765-771"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148347422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Survey on the establishment of smoking areas in city halls in National Association of Directors of Health Departments of Designated Cities, West Block Conference].","authors":"Masanori Hamada, Kazuo Miyamura, Mie Kasamatsu, Yukiko Nakamura, Chika Shirai, Makoto Toyota","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-131","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　In Tokyo, preventing passive smoking progressed during the 32nd Olympic Games. However, smoking areas remain in many local city halls, and tobacco product companies donate smoking areas in front of stations and near parks. A questionnaire survey was conducted at the Western Block Conference of the National Association of Directors of Health Departments of Designated Cities to accurately assess the status of smoking areas established and managed by designated cities.Methods　Questionnaires were distributed to the relevant departments in 30 designated cities. Smoking rates in the prefectures in which each designated city is located and tobacco tax revenues by city were collected from comprehensive information provided by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. The Mann-Whitney U test compared smoking rates. Fisher's exact test examined for correlations, with P<0.05 considered significant. Because this study was an analysis of a questionnaire survey conducted among government agencies and open data, an ethics review was deemed unnecessary.Results　Fifteen designated cities (50%) had smoking areas in their city halls. The reasons provided were \"staff preference\" in five cities and \"citizen preference\" in three. Twenty-four designated cities (80%) had smoking areas donated by tobacco companies. The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) guidelines were recognized in 18 designated cities (60%). There was no significant difference in smoking prevalence between designated cities with and without smoking areas in their city halls (P = 0.933). FCTC awareness was not significantly related to the presence of smoking areas donated by tobacco companies (P = 1). The presence of smoking areas in city halls and presence of smoking areas donated by tobacco companies had no significant relation (P = 0.651). Drawing a line of 2 billion yen in tobacco tax revenue, designated cities exceeding this threshold were significantly may have smoking areas in their city halls (P = 0.025).Conclusion　Smoking areas remain in city halls of designated cities in Western Japan. Although the presence or absence of smoking areas in city halls and smoking rate or donation of smoking areas had no significant relationship, there was a significant relationship with the tobacco tax. Local governments should not install smoking areas to prevent passive smoking.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"801-808"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Air pollution in two waterpipe-serving premises and associated health risks].","authors":"Ying Jiang, Hiroshi Yamato, Kota Katanoda","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-152","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　In recent years, the number of waterpipe (shisha) bars has rapidly increased, particularly in urban areas of Japan, with increasing use among young people. While there is a widespread misconception that waterpipes are harmless because the smoke passes through water, cases of acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning caused by incomplete combustion of charcoal have been reported. This study aimed to measure the concentrations of CO, carbon dioxide (CO₂), and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) in indoor air during waterpipe use to clarify the actual state of air pollution.Methods　Measurements were conducted at two establishments: a restaurant offering waterpipes (Store T1) and a shisha bar (Store T2). Concentrations of CO, CO₂, and PM_2.5 were recorded at 5-second intervals using a carbon monoxide detector, carbon dioxide monitor, and digital dust monitor, respectively. At Store T1, measurements were taken at two locations across from and next to the user during the use of a single waterpipe. At Store T2, measurements were taken at two locations, across from the user and at the counter, during the simultaneous use of two waterpipes. In addition, for employees at Store T2, exhaled CO concentrations were measured three times before and after providing waterpipes to customers.Results　During waterpipe use, the concentrations of CO, CO₂, and PM_2.5 increased significantly at both establishments, indicating pollution of the indoor air environment. Notably, the CO concentration reached 177 ppm, and even at adjacent tables, levels of 49 ppm were observed. This suggests that even patrons and employees who do not directly use waterpipes may be at risk of developing acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Furthermore, the exhaled CO concentration of shisha bar employees increased from 3 ppm (non-smokers) before waterpipe service to 21 ppm (moderately addicted smokers), indicating a potential health risk from occupational exposure.Conclusion　It was confirmed that the use of waterpipes (shisha) increased the concentrations of CO, CO₂, and PM_2.5, resulting in air pollution. In addition, the marked increase in exhaled carbon monoxide levels in employees after waterpipe use, reaching levels comparable to those of frequent smokers, indicates a substantial risk of occupational exposure. These findings highlight the need to provide accurate risk information to both waterpipe users and employees, as well as to establish appropriate regulatory measures for waterpipe-serving establishments from a public health perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"809-814"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Utilizing administrative data to enhance the Health Management Support Program for public assistance recipients aged <40 years: Lessons from Toyonaka City].","authors":"Shoko Takemoto, Daisuke Nishioka","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-107","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　The Health Management Support Program for public assistance recipients is now mandatory at welfare offices nationwide and primarily targets recipients aged ≥40 years. However, limited access to data from other health and welfare programs that take priority over public assistance creates structural barriers to evidence-based health support. During development of its 2016 policy to optimize medical assistance, Toyonaka City identified fragmented data and unmet needs among younger recipients. Therefore, health data from other municipal departments were linked to visualize the health status of public assistance recipients. This report describes the data linkage process and summarizes findings on children and young recipients aged <40 years, thereby presenting program outcomes.Methods　Data were obtained and linked to welfare-ledger records: (1) routine vaccination histories from the Immunization Division; (2) municipal health-check and cancer-screening records from the Adult Health Division; (3) infant health-check results from the Maternal and Child Health Division; and (4) school health-check results from the Board of Education. Descriptive analyses were conducted using the integrated dataset.Results　Among 27 children who remained in public-assistance households throughout fiscal 2024, only 18 (66.7%) received the second dose of the measles-rubella vaccine; coverage remained approximately 60% during 2021-2023. Recipients in their 30s showed higher smoking prevalence, greater obesity, and higher blood pressure, lipid, and glucose levels than non-recipients. The 2023 cervical cancer screening rate was 4.7% (48/1,028 eligible female recipients aged 20-69 years). Infant and school health-check data also indicated persistently high rates of obesity and dental caries among children in public-assistance households.Conclusion　Administrative data linkage across departments, supported by provisions of the Public Assistance Act, identified health disadvantages beginning in childhood and continuing into young adulthood. These findings highlight the need for life stage-specific health promotion for children and younger recipients. Toyonaka City is currently planning targeted interventions based on these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"792-800"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Challenges and support for academic conference participants with childcare responsibilities: A survey of participants at the 83rd Annual Meeting of Japanese Society of Public Health].","authors":"Rikuto Masuda, Eri Maeda, Isaku Kurotori, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-108","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　Academic conferences provide opportunities for research presentation, networking, and career advancement. However, travelling for conferences can pose challenges for those with childcare responsibilities. To explore childcare support at conferences, the 83rd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Public Health conducted a survey among in-person attendees.Methods　An online survey was conducted among in-person attendees of the meeting in November 2024. The participants were recruited via email invitations sent to pre-registered attendees and members of the Japanese Society of Public Health. The respondents provided demographic information and shared their opinions on attending conferences with their children. Those with elementary school-aged children or younger were asked about the age of their youngest child, childcare arrangements during the conference, and perceived usefulness of various childcare support measures. Data were analyzed based on the presence or absence of children in this age group and sex. Free-text responses were analyzed using content analysis and quantitative text analysis with the KH Coder software.Results　Of 856 respondents, 615 (71.8%) rated attending conferences with children as \"favorable\" or \"very favorable.\" The proportion of women with elementary school-aged children or younger (15.3%) was significantly lower than that of men (31.0%) (P < 0.01). Furthermore, there were significantly fewer women with children aged 0-2 years (15.9%) than men (31.3%) (P = 0.03). Participants with elementary school-aged children or younger valued a \"welcoming atmosphere for attendees bringing children to the conference venue\" (men; 83.8%, women; 82.9%), \"kids' space within the conference venue\" (men; 80.8%, women; 84.1%), and \"free childcare room at the conference venue\" (men; 80.8%, women; 79.3%). Free-text responses highlighted a desire for expanded childcare capacity, parent-priority seating, weekend conference scheduling, on-demand streaming, and welcoming atmosphere for attending conferences with children.Conclusion　The meeting initiative to support conference attendance of participants with children received positive feedback. However, the attendance remained low among women with very young children. Future efforts should continue on-demand streaming and expand childcare capacity while introducing new initiatives, such as parent-priority seating and children's spaces. These measures foster \"a welcoming atmosphere for attendees bringing children to the conference venue,\" thereby making conferences more accessible to participants with childcare responsibilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"782-791"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Rethinking public health administration for foreign residents: Perspectives from the frontline].","authors":"Yohei Koyama","doi":"10.11236/jph.26-037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.26-037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>　In recent years, responding to foreign residents has become an important issue in the Japanese public health administration, and various guidelines and multilingual materials have been developed. From the perspective of institutional ethnography, this study examines the administrative realities constituted by the Guide for Assisting Foreign Residents at Public Health Administration Counters and multilingual administrative documents. Specifically, the analysis examined consultation scenes, items to be checked, classification terms, and procedures for recording and referral in the documents, focusing on how foreign residents' experiences are organized as objects of administrative practice. The analysis shows that these documents function as support tools and practical devices that translate the diverse lives of foreign residents into administrative attributes, such as residence status and ability to pay, and reconstitute them as objects that can be processed institutionally. Furthermore, discourses of care, such as attentive listening and trust building, are positioned as conditions for smoothly carrying out administrative practices, including the continuation of treatment and the collection of information. Here, asymmetry can be observed: while difficulties in providing support are attributed to the cultural backgrounds of foreign residents, the structural barriers of the administrative system are pushed into the background. Therefore, what is needed is not to make people unfamiliar with the system adapt to existing administrative practices but to reorganize the system itself in light of diverse living conditions and barriers to access. Multilingualization, too, should be repositioned not as a means of administratively ordering foreign residents but as a practice through which the system itself becomes capable of responding to people with diverse backgrounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Workplace environment in continuing employment from the perspectives of former family caregivers: Based on free-response comments from a web survey of employees at large-scale corporations].","authors":"Akiyo Sasaki-Otomaru, Shunji An, Momomi Uehara, Rumiko Tsuchiya-Ito, Tomoaki Ishibashi","doi":"10.11236/jph.26-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.26-014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　Although previous research has shown that those who quit their jobs for caregiving have underutilized support systems and experienced a lack of employer understanding, there are few reports on how employees with caregiving responsibilities manage to continue their careers. This study aimed to clarify the workplace environment for continuing employment by focusing on the experiences of former family caregivers.Methods　Of the 5,695 former family caregivers, 519 freely described their experiences in a survey on work-care balance conducted in 2024 among large-scale corporations. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Descriptions regarding the workplace environment for continuing employment were extracted and coded with due care to avoid identifying individuals. Subsequently, these codes were categorized and subcategorized at higher levels of abstraction, organized into factors that either facilitate or hinder continued employment within the workplace environment.Results　In total, 214 caregivers provided relevant descriptions. Of them, 128 (59.8%) were women, predominantly in their 50s (n＝108, 50.5%). The codes relevant to workplace environments that promote continuing employment were divided into four categories: \"improving support systems,\" \"expansion of support programs,\" \"sustainability of support system and understanding regarding caregiving,\" and \"creating a supportive organizational culture for caregiving.\" Conversely, the codes relevant to workplace environments that hinder continuing employment were categorized into five categories: \"job roles and organizational structures that hinder work-care balance,\" \"gap between support system and actual caregiving situations,\" \"career penalties associated with the use of support systems,\" \"lack of understanding regarding caregiving,\" and \"turnover intention resulting from lack of support and understanding.\"Conclusion　Although some individuals continued employment because of well-established corporate support systems and an understanding of those around them, others found limitations in the existing systems and a lack of understanding of caregiving. Additionally, remaining in the workforce was difficult for some, owing to their specific job characteristics, despite having access to support systems and understanding. This highlights that the primary challenges lie in the operation of support systems and workforce structures. Therefore, it is essential not only to expand support systems and foster a care-aware organizational culture but also to establish frameworks for long-term human resource development and employment support that anticipate employees' life events, such as family caregiving.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Factors associated with the implementation of municipal osteoporosis screening: An ecological study].","authors":"Fumie Nishijima, Kana Eguchi, Hanako Funakoshi, Tomoki Nakaya, Atsushi Goto, Keisuke Kuwahara","doi":"10.11236/jph.26-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.26-002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　In Japan, in accordance with their public health responsibilities to promote the early detection and treatment of osteoporosis, municipal governments are legally encouraged to implement osteoporosis screening. However, the proportion of municipalities that conduct such screenings plateaued at approximately 60%, with substantial intermunicipal disparities. In this study, we aimed to identify the factors that are associated with the implementation of osteoporosis screening across all municipalities in Japan.Methods　This ecological study included all municipalities in Japan. Based on the 2022 Community Health and Health Promotion Project Report, public data on fiscal factors, population characteristics, and medical resources were analyzed to ascertain the implementation status of osteoporosis screening. The community environmental indicators included the habitable population density, area-deprivation index, and rurality index. Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence differences (PDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The multivariable model comprised all explanatory variables, except the number of orthopedic surgeons and the rurality index which were excluded owing to their strong correlations with the other variables.Results　Among 1,735 municipalities, 1,094 (63.1%) implemented osteoporosis screening. In the unadjusted model, a 0.1-unit increase in the fiscal capacity index was associated with a 1.2 percentage-point higher implementation rate (PD＝0.012, 95% CI [0.004-0.020], P＝0.003). In contrast, a 1% increase in the proportion of residents aged ≥75 years was associated with a 0.6 percentage-point lower implementation rate (PD ＝－0.006, 95% CI [－0.011 to －0.002], P＝0.004), and a one-unit increase in the area-deprivation index was associated with a 3.7 percentage-point lower rate (PD＝－0.037, 95% CI [－0.072 to －0.003], P＝0.032). In the multivariable model, the fiscal capacity index remained positively associated with osteoporosis screening implementation, with a 0.1-unit increase corresponding to a 1.7-percentage point higher implementation rate (PD＝0.017; 95% CI [0.003-0.030], P＝0.014). In contrast, a 10% increase in the habitable population density was associated with a 0.4-percentage point decrease in the implementation rate (PD＝－0.004, 95% CI [－0.006 to －0.001], P＝0.005).Conclusion　A greater fiscal capacity and a higher habitable population density were associated with higher and lower implementation rates of osteoporosis screening, respectively. Thus, local socioeconomic and geographic characteristics may influence municipal-level screening practices; these findings provide evidence for developing strategies to promote the implementation of osteoporosis screening and reduce disparities among municipalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Weight-control behaviors during pregnancy and their association with pre-pregnancy dieting experiences].","authors":"Asako Kudo, Nahoko Kato-Kogoe, Daisuke Fujita, Emi Hayashi, Junko Tamaki","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.25-104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　Few studies have examined the weight-loss behaviors (i.e., dieting behaviors) among pregnant women who were not obese before pregnancy or explored the association between dieting behaviors during pregnancy and previous dieting experiences. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify the weight-loss behaviors practiced by pregnant women during pregnancy and to examine their associations with adherence to gestational weight gain guidelines of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and as well as with past dieting behaviors.Methods　We included 601 pregnant women from Takatsuki City, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. After excluding participants with missing questionnaire responses, 529 participants were analyzed. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires during antenatal and one-month postpartum health examinations. Information regarding dieting behaviors during adolescence, the year before pregnancy, and pregnancy, including gestational weight gain, was collected. For the 496 participants with recorded pregnancy weight gain values, the odds ratios for achieving the recommended weight gain were calculated for \"appropriate\" and \"inappropriate dieting behaviors.\" Furthermore, logistic regression analysis was used to calculate age- and pre-pregnancy body mass index-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for participants who engaged in dieting behaviors during their teenage years and the year before pregnancy and who subsequently engaged in \"dietary restriction\" or \"inappropriate behaviors\" during pregnancy.Results　Of all participants, 39.9% engaged in dieting behaviors during pregnancy. Among pregnant women with available gestational weight gain data, 33.5% achieved the recommended weight gain, whereas only 18.8% of women who were underweight before pregnancy met the guideline. The adjusted odds ratio for achieving weight gain compared to no dieting behavior was 1.0 (0.6-1.5) for \"appropriate behaviors\" and 1.0 (0.5-2.0) for \"inappropriate behaviors,\" showing no significant association in either case. \"Dietary restriction\" during pregnancy and \"inappropriate behaviors\" were associated with \"dietary restriction\" in the year before pregnancy [6.4 (3.2-12.6), 6.1 (3.1-12.0)] and \"inappropriate dieting\" [6.0 (3.1-11.7), 6.4 (3.3-12.3)].Conclusions　Approximately 40% of non-obese pregnant women engaged in dieting behaviors during pregnancy. Moreover, those who engaged in \"dietary restriction\" or \"inappropriate behaviors\" in the year before pregnancy may continue such behaviors during pregnancy. Thus, antenatal checkups and nutritional guidance are required for guiding appropriate weight gain and screening previous dieting experiences. Furthermore, preconception care is necessary to ensure appropriate weight management.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}