[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"[Examining the application forms of housing adaptations in the Japanese long-term care insurance system by care need level and professional type: A descriptive study].","authors":"Rumiko Tsuchiya-Ito, Satomi Kitamura, Tomoyuki Ota, Shinji Hattori","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　Statistical data on housing adaptation services provided by Japanese long-term care insurance are limited. We described the application status by analyzing the application forms of housing adaptation services based on differences in care need levels and health and social welfare professional types.Methods　We obtained data from the application forms of housing adaptation services in Hachioji City, Tokyo in fiscal year 2015. The variables were individual factors (age, care needs level, family status, primary disease, and information about housing) and detailed content of the applied housing adaptations (daily activities expected to improve, expected effects, and types of housing adaptations). We described the number and percentage of individuals according to care need level and type of professional; care managers (long-term care agencies), care manager (community comprehensive support centers), social workers, public health/registered nurses, housing environment coordinators, and certified housing renovation specialists.Results　We analyzed 1,652 participants. The participants were mostly in care needs level 1 (30.2%), and individuals in care needs level 3 (33.3%) applied for housing adaptation during hospitalization. Regarding the daily activities expected to improve, individuals requiring severe care needs likely aimed for toileting (care support level 1; 47.2%, care need levels 4/5; 57.8%) but less likely to expect to improve going outside and up and down the stairs. Individuals with care needs level 1 expected the greatest improvement in their bathing activities (58.1%). Regarding the expected effects, \"fall preventions,\" \"improved ease of activities,\" and \"reducing the applicant's mental burden and anxiety\" were crucial regardless of their care need levels, and \"enabling what cannot be done\" and \"reducing the burden on caregivers\" were more likely to be expected in individuals with more severe care needs. Regarding professional differences, the highest percentages of \"enabling what cannot be done\" were for care managers (long-term care agency) in toileting, bathing, and going outside, and social workers in getting up and down the stairs, and moving indoors. The certified housing renovation specialists emphasize on \"reducing the burden on caregivers.\" The most common type of housing adaptation was the installation of handrails or grab bars.Conclusion　Housing adaptations differ depending on applicants' care needs and professional types. A system that considers the different needs should be designed depending on their care need levels and professional types and has a place in which each profession can understand the differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Recommendations for avoiding medical strain: A comparative analysis of regional responses in Hyogo Prefecture during the eighth wave of COVID-19].","authors":"Masanori Hamada, Ryutaro Masago, Kazuo Miyamura, Hiroshi Sumi, Akira Sudou, Masakazu Shinohara","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　During the eighth wave of COVID-19 in Hyogo Prefecture (October 1, 2022-February 28, 2023), the overwhelming transmissibility of the virus caused a significant strain on the healthcare system. This study focused on Amagasaki Health Center, Akashi Health Center, Sumoto Health Center (island region), and Asago Health Center (rural region) and their unique responses. The difference between the calculated \"required number of critical care beds\" (based on hospitalization recommendations) and the number of secured hospital beds was used as a measure of bed capacity strain, while the number of incidents involving difficulty in emergency transport was used as an indicator of a strain on emergency medical services. The aim of this study was to propose strategies to avoid medical system overload during future infectious disease pandemics based on the responses of each health center and regional healthcare system.Methods　Each fire department provided information on incidents involving difficulties with emergency transport. The \"required number of critical care beds\" was defined as the cumulative daily number of hospitalization recommendations(minus the number of patients who had exceeded the standard 10-day hospitalization period outlined in the guidelines). In the Amagasaki and Akashi Health Center jurisdictions, the number of patients hospitalized daily based on recommendations was recorded. These data were used to evaluate the validity of the calculated required number of critical care beds and assess the effectiveness of back end support operations.Results　Within the Amagasaki Health Center jurisdiction, where a consistent approach was adopted to hospitalize patients at designated medical institutions (from recommendation to discharge), the required number of critical care beds peaked significantly beyond the number of secured hospital beds. This peak coincided with a surge in COVID-19 emergency transport difficulties. In contrast, the Akashi Health Center jurisdiction, with back end support beds, partially mitigated bed-capacity strain and emergency transport difficulties. The Sumoto Health Center's jurisdiction minimized a healthcare strain by prioritizing the continuation of its regular medical care system. In the Asago Health Center jurisdiction, approximately half of the hospital beds were in psychiatric hospitals. Patients in these facilities could continue treatment therein, allowing the region to avoid significant healthcare constraints.Conclusion　Increasing the number of secure hospital beds alone is insufficient for preventing regional healthcare strains in SARS-type pandemics, such as COVID-19. Operating back end support systems and enabling self-contained treatment in facilities, such as care homes for older adults and psychiatric hospitals, are effective measures for avoiding this strain.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Health education on controlling digital device use and lifestyle habits for adolescents' physical and mental health: School health promotion activities at a junior high school in Matsue City].","authors":"Yuki Kuwabara, Aya Kinjo, Hongja Kim, Yoneatsu Osaki","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　Healthy Parents and Children 21 (Tier 2) promotes health education collaboration across multifaceted sectors in order to realize a society that supports the physical and mental health of the next generation. The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the school's health activities and present the findings obtained through surveys and health education activities at a junior high school.Methods　The activities were focused on activities targeting the junior high school in Town A, Matsue City, Shimane. The town launched a pediatric lifestyle-related disease control project in 1991. Even after the municipal merger, local school health committee activities were maintained. The Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine at Tottori University has been participating in school health activities in Town A since the beginning of the project. Elementary and junior high schools in Town A allowed medical students from Tottori University to participate in health activities for social medicine training. Herein, we discuss (1) the results of the survey conducted at A junior high school in 2022; topics included lifestyle, digital device use, and mental health (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and (2) feedback from junior high school students, school health workers, and medical students regarding activities for social medicine training.Results　Medical students provided a 50-minute health education program at A junior high school. Based on interviews and questionnaires administered to junior high students and school health workers, important health issues were identified. Accordingly, the medical students planned a program aimed at acquiring favorable lifestyle habits, with a particular focus on sleep and excessive digital device use. The program was conducted in each second-grade class. Additionally, activities at the junior high school and town A allowed us to collaborate with the Matsue City Board of Education and Youth Development Organization. They shared our concerns about adolescent lifestyles and digital device use.Conclusion　Our activity provided health education on controlling digital device use and promoting favorable lifestyles using a peer education strategy. In the future, connecting related sectors and making the best use of local resources are desirable for developing activities for a broader area. Evaluating the effectiveness of these activities and establishing a system that enables primary healthcare workers, schools, and local boards of education to develop their own school health activities in collaboration with the local government are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foster parent support and needs of public health nurses, pediatric nurses, and childcare workers: A survey of three municipalities with high foster parent placement rates in Japan.","authors":"Yoko Ishii, Sanae Tomita, Sachiko Ikeda, Akane Yamamoto","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-032","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.24-032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　This study aimed to elucidate foster parent support afforded by and the related needs of public health nurses, pediatric nurses, and childcare workers in Japan.Methods　We conducted a quantitative study involving 95 public health nurses, 450 pediatric nurses, and 360 childcare workers in three municipalities with foster parent placement rates higher than the national average in Japan. The participants were questioned regarding their experiences in supporting foster parents at work; participation in foster parent support training; awareness and perceptions of foster parents; knowledge about foster parents, foster children, and the foster care system; and confidence in supporting foster parents. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze quantitative data. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis.Results　Questionnaires were collected from 179 participants (recovery rate: 19.8%). The breakdown of respondents was as follows: 19 public health nurses (10.6%), 77 pediatric nurses (43.0%), and 83 childcare workers (46.4%). Twenty-four participants (13.4%) replied that they had participated in foster parent support training, and 46 (25.7%) replied that they had experience supporting foster parents at work. Only 20.8% of the respondents answered that they were confident in supporting foster parents. There were differences in the experience of supporting foster parents at work and participation in foster parent support training depending on the participants' job type. The proportion of public health nurses was high in both categories. Experience supporting foster parents at work and participation in foster parent support training were significantly related to confidence.Conclusion　We found that the limited opportunities for public health nurses, pediatric nurses, and childcare workers to engage in supporting foster parents and participate in foster parent support training contribute to their low confidence levels in these areas. Our findings underscore the necessity of disseminating knowledge about foster care systems and fostering an understanding of foster families among pediatric nurses and childcare workers. Integrating training related to social care and foster care systems into basic nursing education is necessary. Moreover, actively listening to the perspectives and experiences of foster parents can provide valuable insights for professionals in these fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"238-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between burnout and job-quitting intentions among public health center staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: A nationwide survey in Japan.","authors":"Kazuya Taira, Takahiro Itaya, Kana Iwasaki, Yumiko Iwase, Sayaka Tabuchi, Misa Shiomi","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-076","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.24-076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has imposed considerable stress on public health centers (PHCs) in Japan, raising concerns over staff burnout and intention to quit. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between burnout and job-quitting intention among PHC staff members and estimated the prevalence of burnout and job-quitting intentions among these staff members.Methods　This study employed a cross-sectional design. Survey requests were sent to all 468 PHCs in Japan. For the centers that agreed to participate, we confirmed the number of distributed surveys and conducted them via mail. The prevalence of burnout and job-quitting intentions was calculated after adjusting for age, sex, department, and occupation. The Burnout Scale includes three subscales; exhaustion, cynicism, and efficacy. We calculated descriptive statistics for each burnout subscale and assessed the relationship between burnout and job-quitting intentions using generalized estimating equations.Results　We received responses from 23.9% of PHCs (112/468) and 29.3% of staff (1754/5990). Adjusted prevalence was 48.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]; 45.8-50.2%) and 62.2% (95% CI; 59.4-64.9%) for burnout and job-quitting intentions, respectively. Notably, public health nurses demonstrated a pronounced adjusted prevalence of 51.7 (95% CI; 47.2-56.2) and 65.8 (95% CI; 61.7-69.9) for burnout and job-quitting intention, respectively. Of the three burnout domains, only exhaustion (median; 4.40 [interquartile range [IQR]; 3.00-5.80]) had a median score higher than the cut-off value, whereas cynicism (median; 3.40 [IQR; 2.20-5.00]) and efficacy (median; 3.17 [IQR; 2.33-4.33]) had moderate scores. Burnout was a significant predictor of high job-quitting intentions (adjusted relative risk; 1.54, 95% CI; 1.40-1.70).Conclusion　The high prevalence of job-quitting intentions among PHC staff highlights the need for interventions to prevent or reduce burnout. Addressing burnout is essential to reduce job-quitting intentions among Japanese PHC staff members.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"208-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Current status of relocation among terminally ill older residents of nursing facilities: Observational study using anonymous long-term care receipt information].","authors":"Takumi Shirakata, Sayaka Tabuchi, Mikiko Ito, Katsuyuki Miura, Tomotaka Sobue","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-038","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.24-038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　In Japan, efforts to provide \"end-of-life care\" in nursing homes are increasing and its introduction through long-term care insurance in 2006 is a major step forward. However, previous studies have shown that relocating older adults to their end-of-life care affects their burden. This study examined individuals' end-of-life care use under long-term care insurance in older care facilities and investigated the relocation frequency among terminally ill older residents of nursing facilities using receipt data.Methods　The research targeted individuals aged ≥ 65 years under long-term care insurance who used formal end-of-life care services and were passed into residential facilities between April 1, 2018 and March 31, 2021. Data were obtained from anonymous long-term care certification information provided by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. Six facilities providing end-of-life care were considered; older care facilities, geriatric health service facilities, designated establishments, and dementia group homes. A total of 233,735 individuals with service use records in the month of service cessation were aggregated according to facility, individual factors, and prefecture. Additionally, we defined end-of-life relocation as occurring if three categories of end-of-life care fees (day of death, 1-2 days before death, and 4-30 days before death) did not continue until the day of death.Results　The participants were individuals aged ≥ 85 years (83.35%), 25.29% were men, and 93.53% required a care level of ≥ 3. Older nursing care facilities recorded the highest number (114,356) of end-of-life care users. The proportion of individuals with moderate-to-severe dementia (level ≥ IIIa; approximately 80%) was higher in nursing homes for older adults, community-based nursing homes for older adults, and dementia group homes than in other facilities. Relocation during the terminal phase was less prevalent in facilities with higher doctor and nurse staffing levels. At the individual level, relocation is more frequent among men, younger individuals, those with lower care levels, and those with intact decision-making and communication abilities. Conclusion　Terminally ill residents aged ≥ 80 years with severe levels of care were the most likely to use end-of-life care. Moreover, 0.2-2% relocated across all facilities within 30 days before death. The relocation frequency increased based on individual factors and was mitigated by a thorough system of medical staff deployment.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"227-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Factors associated with cancer risk perception among high school sophomores: An analysis of national survey data based on a cancer education logic model to promote cancer control].","authors":"Hiroko Yako-Suketomo, Yuichi Ichinose, Yoshino Hosokawa, Asae Oura, Takuya Shimane, Koshu Sugisaki, Asuka Nakagawa, Takahiro Higashi","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-047","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.24-047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　Using a nationwide survey of cancer education outcomes that contribute to cancer control, this study aimed to determine the short-term outcomes of cancer education associated with students' perceptions of cancer risk.Methods　An online survey was administered to second-year high school students between September and December 2022. The participants were asked about two basic attributes and 33 short-term outcome measures, as shown in the cancer education logic model. Of the 238 schools randomly selected nationwide, 145 (30,208 students) participated (60.9% of the institutions responded). Of the 21,692 respondents, 20,402 indicated that they would participate in the survey. The analysis included 19,785 respondents (response rate; 65.5%). After calculating the percentage of responses for each item, we conducted a Chi-square test with sex as the dependent variable and logistic regression analysis with cancer risk awareness as the dependent variable, using sex as the adjustment variable for statistical analysis. The significance level was set at P＜0.05.Results　The percentage of responses based on the calculation method for each indicator ranged from 67.6-88.4% and 77.5-93.1% among male and female students, respectively, for the seven indicators of cancer prevention. Contrastingly, the percentages for the three indicators in the field of cancer care ranged from 4.3-89.1% and 6.6-89.8% among male and female students, respectively. Cancer risk awareness among female students was higher than that among male students at 3,196 (31.9%) and 2,814 (28.8%), respectively (P＜0.001). Additionally, more female students knew about cancer, whereas more male students felt stigmatized. Furthermore, in an analysis in which sex was used as a moderating variable, 25 of the 33 items were risk perception-related factors. Of these, odds ratio was 0.92 (95% confidence interval; 0.86-0.98) for those who found it easy to judge \"the basis of cancer information.\"Conclusion　Cancer risk perception was positively associated with sex and many short-term outcome measures in cancer education. Improved health education on cancer as a typical disease and an appropriate social environment for such education are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"185-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing and testing a draft scale evaluating older adults' perceptions of community-based connectedness with people: A pilot study.","authors":"Mami Kikuchi, Atsuko Ikeda, Michiyo Hirano","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-010","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.24-010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　Connectedness is essential for maintaining the physical and mental health of older adults. However, measurements that consider the presence of community-dwelling people and explicitly focus on an individual's subjective sense of connectedness have not yet been established. This pilot study aimed to develop a draft scale that comprehensively measured older adults' perceptions of community-based connectedness with people.Methods　The scale development comprised three phases; item review, pre-test, and field verification. Phase 1 (item review) involved creating an item pool and evaluating content validity. Phase 2 (pretest) involved evaluating face validity and conducting item analysis on the preliminary version of the scale. Phase 3 (field verification) involved distributing the preliminary scale to 800 Japanese men and women aged ≥ 65 years residing in Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan. Validity was assessed by factorial validity using exploratory factor analysis and concurrent validity using correlation analysis. Reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's α coefficient using the internal consistency method.Results　The evaluation of content validity in Phase 1 and face validity in Phase 2 yielded 30 items. In phase 3, of the 800 questionnaires that were distributed, 343 were returned, of which 309 included responses to all items and were analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 22-item scale comprising three factors that assessed perceptions of community-based connectedness. The Cronbach's α for the total scale was 0.967, and the α coefficients for inclusion, reciprocity through provision, and reciprocity through reception were 0.941, 0.915, and 0.928, respectively. The total scale scores were significantly positively correlated with purpose in life (rs = .453, P < .001) and negatively correlated with loneliness (rs = -.307, P < .001).Conclusion　The 22-item draft scale exhibited adequate reliability and validity. Perceptions of connectedness measured by this scale can be used to support public healthcare interventions for community-dwelling older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"218-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effect of the combination of \"weight gain of more than 10 kg since age 20\" and obesity on the new onset of diabetes mellitus].","authors":"Hanako Naruse, Kazuyo Kuwabara, Aya Hirata, Yukiko Imai, Daisuke Sugiyama, Mika Funamoto, Tomonori Okamura","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-017","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.24-017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　Few reports have examined the association between \"weight gain since the past combined with the presence of obesity\" and diabetes mellitus (DM). Therefore, we longitudinally examined the influence of the combination of \"weight gain of ≥10 kg since the age of 20 years\" and the presence of obesity on the new onset of DM.Methods　We identified 8,704 National Health Insurance enrollees in Habikino City, Osaka Prefecture, who underwent specific health checkups in 2013. After excluding those who had DM previously and those who were untraceable and had missing data, 5,708 participants were included in the analysis. The risk of the new onset of DM was classified into \"no weight gain/non-obese,\" \"no weight gain/obese,\" \"weight gain/non-obese,\" and \"weight gain/obese\" groups. Weight gain and obesity were defined as gaining ≥10 kg since the age of 20 based on responses to a standard questionnaire from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and a BMI ≥25 kg/m². A Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the risk of the new onset of DM.Results　Participants' mean age was 64.3 ± 7.9 years. During the mean follow-up period of 3.14 ± 1.13 years, 126 (6.0%) men and 133 (3.7%) women developed DM. The hazard ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) for the new onset of DM were significantly higher in the weight gain/non-obese (1.77 [95% CI: 1.26-2.49]) and weight gain/obese groups (2.76 [95% CI: 2.05-3.72]), with the no weight gain/non-obese group as the reference group. By sex, the hazard ratio for men in the weight gain/obese group was 2.06 (95% CI: 1.34-3.18), whereas the hazard ratio was higher for women in the weight gain/obese (3.68 [95% CI: 2.44-5.53]) and weight gain/non-obese groups (2.19 [95% CI: 1.35-3.55]).Conclusion　Weight gain was a risk factor for the development of DM in individuals without obesity. This factor was more pronounced in women, who had a higher risk of the new onset of DM if they had gained > 10 kg since the age of 20, even if their BMI was less than 25 kg/m². The results suggest that those who fall into this category should receive lifestyle improvement guidance, even if they are not eligible for specific health guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Subjective swallowing function and oral-related quality of life among in community-dwelling older adults].","authors":"Marin Ishigami, Maho Omoda, Minami Kondo, Haruka Fukutani, Rumi Nishimura, Yoshimi Suzukamo, Mariko Naito","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.24-082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　Swallowing function and oral-related quality of life (QOL) are important factors for maintaining general health. However, few studies have investigated the association between both factors among community-dwelling older adults. This cross-sectional study examined subjective swallowing function and oral-related QOL among community-dwelling older adults.Methods　A questionnaire survey was conducted by mail in January 2022 among men and women in 47 Japanese prefectures. This study included 552 men and women aged ≥ 65 years with no missing data (93.7% response rate). Information regarding sex, age, oral-related QOL, swallowing function, number of teeth, and history of diabetes were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Oral-related QOL and swallowing function was assessed using the Japanese version of the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and Dysphagia Risk Assessment for Community-dwelling Elderly (DRACE), respectively.Results　Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between subjective swallowing function and oral-related QOL. The dependent variable was whether the GOHAI was ＜ or ＞ 52.5, the GOHAI national reference value, independent variable was whether the DRACE score was ＞ or ＜ 4, and covariates were sex, age, and current number of teeth.Logistic regression analysis revealed that older adults with impaired subjective swallowing function were more likely to have a GOHAI score ＜ 52.5 (odds ratio ＝ 4.9, 95% confidence interval ＝ 3.1-7.5). After adjusting for covariates, the group with impaired subjective swallowing function was significantly more likely to have GOHAI scores ＜ 52.5.Conclusion　The study results indicate a significant positive association between oral-related QOL and subjective swallowing function. This association was stronger among women, adults aged ≥ 75 years, those with ≥ 20 teeth, and those with a history of diabetes mellitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}