Addictive behaviors最新文献

{"title":"The prospective relationship between a-priori intentions for and patterns of e-cigarette use among adults who smoke cigarettes","authors":"Riley A. O’Neal ,&nbsp;Matthew J. Carpenter ,&nbsp;Amy E. Wahlquist ,&nbsp;Eleanor L.S. Leavens ,&nbsp;Tracy T. Smith ,&nbsp;Margaret C. Fahey","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Electronic (e-)cigarettes may help adult cigarette smokers achieve cigarette cessation, depending on patterns of e-cigarette use. Among cigarette smokers who do not use e-cigarettes, it is unclear if and how a-priori intentions for use are related to uptake patterns. Longitudinal studies have focused on established e-cigarette users or adolescent and young adult populations exclusively.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Within a nationwide randomized clinical trial (N = 638), adult cigarette smokers not currently using e-cigarettes were randomized (2:1) to receive (or not) one-month sampling of e-cigarettes. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on an established 15-item measure assessing a-priori intentions for e-cigarette use to identify latent variables. Among those receiving e-cigarette products, regression models examined relationships between intentions and: 1) uptake (yes/no), 2) frequency (number of days per week), and 3) amount (puffing episodes per day) of e-cigarette use at one-month follow-up.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Two factors emerged from the EFA: 1) cigarette-related intentions (e.g., cigarette cessation, no smell) and 2) novel appeal of e-cigarettes (e.g., flavors). Three items remained and were treated as separate intentions: “feels like cigarette smoking”, “curiosity”, and “affordability“. In the final multivariable models, “feel like cigarette smoking” predicted more frequent e-cigarette use (<em>β</em> = 0.187, <em>SE</em> = 0.086, <em>p</em> = 0.03); however, none of the five factors/intentions were significantly associated with uptake or amount of use.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>For adult cigarette smokers not currently using e-cigarettes, a-priori intentions for using e-cigarettes might not be predictive of if or how these products will be used in the future, suggesting that motives may not drive use behavior.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of smoking on COVID-19-related mortality: a Brazilian national cohort study","authors":"Fabrício Emanuel Soares de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Maria Christina L. Oliveira ,&nbsp;Daniella Reis Barbosa Martelli ,&nbsp;Samuel Trezena ,&nbsp;Cristina Andrade Sampaio ,&nbsp;Enrico A. Colosimo ,&nbsp;Eduardo A. Oliveira ,&nbsp;Hercílio Martelli Júnior","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Current evidence suggests the potential heightened vulnerability of smokers to severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><p>This study aimed to analyze the clinical outcomes and mortality related to tobacco use in a cohort of hospitalized Brazilian COVID-19 patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective cohort study analyzed adults hospitalized for COVID-19 in Brazil using the SIVEP-Gripe database (official data reported by public and private healthcare facilities for monitoring severe acute respiratory syndrome cases in Brazil). The inclusion criteria were patients over 18 years of age with a positive RT-qPCR test for SARS-CoV-2. The analysis focused on in-hospital mortality, considering smoking as an exposure variable, and included covariates such as age, gender, and comorbidities. Smoking history was collected from the self-reported field in the database. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, crude Odds Ratios, and multivariable binary logistic regression.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study included 2,124,285 COVID-19 patients, among whom 44,774 (2.1 %) were smokers. The average age of the smokers was higher than that of the never-smokers (65.3 years vs. 59.7 years). The clinical outcomes revealed that smokers had higher rates of intensive care unit admission (51.6 % vs. 37.2 % for never-smokers), invasive ventilatory support (31.5 % vs. 20.2 % for never-smokers), and higher mortality (42.7 % vs. 31.8 % for never smokers). In the multivariable analysis, smokers demonstrated a heightened risk of death (aOR 1.23; 95 % CI 1.19–1.25).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This large populational-based cohort study confirms the current evidence and underscore the critical importance of recognizing smoking as a substantial risk factor for adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141095852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the time to nicotine dependence vary by internalizing symptoms for young people who use e-cigarettes? An analysis of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study, (Waves 1–5; 2013–2019)","authors":"Abigail Adjei,&nbsp;Anna V. Wilkinson,&nbsp;Baojiang Chen,&nbsp;Dale S. Mantey,&nbsp;Melissa B. Harrell","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine the relationship between past-year internalizing symptoms and the time to first report of signs of nicotine dependence among young people.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Secondary analysis using data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) (Waves 1–5; 2013–2019). The study included 2,102 (N = 5,031,691) young people (age 12–23 years) who reported past-30-day (P30D) e-cigarette use in one or more waves. Kaplan Meier curves, stratified by past year internalizing symptoms were used to estimate the time to the first report of three nicotine dependence symptoms (i.e., use within 30 min of waking, cravings, and really needing to use) following the first P30D e-cigarette use. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate crude and adjusted hazard ratios (AHR), comparing any past year internalizing symptoms to no past year internalizing symptoms.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found no significant differences between past year internalizing symptoms and the time to the first report of cravings (AHR = 1.30, 95 % CI = 92–1.85), really needing to use (AHR = 1.31; 95 % CI = 0.92–1.89) and use within 30 min of waking for follow-up times 0–156 weeks (AHR = 0.84; 95 % CI = 0.55–1.30) and &gt; 156 weeks (AHR = 0.41; 95 % CI = 0.04–4.67) respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Past year internalizing symptoms did not modify the time to the first report of nicotine dependence among youth with P30D e-cigarette use. Further research is needed to understand how changing internalizing symptoms and e-cigarette use frequency influence nicotine dependence over time and, how this relationship impacts cessation behavior.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141177035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with intentions to quit vaping and quit attempts among Adolescents: A structural equation modeling approach","authors":"Haijing Ma ,&nbsp;Hongying Daisy Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Previous youth tobacco research has identified multiple factors relating to intentions to quit vaping and quit attempts among current e-cigarette users in adolescents. The pathways in the complex associations with vaping cessation behaviors remain unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using data from the 2022 National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) (grades 6–12), structural equation models (SEMs) are developed to examine the associations of social environment, vaping risk perceptions, e-cigarette marketing, vaping characteristics, and demographics with two outcome measures – intentions to quit vaping and past year quit attempts among current e-cigarette users.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The national sample of current e-cigarette users (n = 2,701) consisted of 52.7 % females, 47.0 % non-Hispanic Whites, 80.1 % high school students, and 56.2 % heterosexual individuals. Among them, 70.2 % reported intentions to quit vaping and 66.3 % reported past year quit attempts. The protective factor for quit intentions was vaping risk perceptions (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Risk factors included e-cigarette marketing (<em>p</em> = 0.04), dual use of e-cigarettes and other tobacco products (<em>p</em> = 0.003), vaping due to feeling anxious or stressed (<em>p</em> = 0.01), vaping for nicotine buzz (<em>p</em> = 0.002), nicotine dependence (<em>p</em> = 0.02), identifying as Gay or Lesbian (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), bisexual (<em>p</em> = 0.03), or Hispanic (<em>p</em> = 0.04). Similar associations were observed with quit attempts except that e-cigarette marketing, vaping due to feeling anxious or stressed, vaping dependence, and identifying as Hispanic were not significant. Besides, high vaping frequency (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), grade level (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and not sure about sexual orientation (<em>p</em> = 0.01) were also negatively associated with quit attempts.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study provided insights into factors influencing vaping cessation outcomes among adolescent current e-cigarette users. Developing tailored vaping cessation programs based on these findings could enhance quit success.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141143156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic interventions in primary care to address substance use: A systematic review","authors":"Víctor J. Villanueva-Blasco ,&nbsp;Dalila Eslava ,&nbsp;Leticia Olave ,&nbsp;Marta Torrens","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present systematic review aims to identify electronic interventions for addressing substance use and understand their effectiveness in primary care settings. A systematic search was carried out in the Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. The search included the keywords “electronic intervention”, “substance use”, “primary care” and synonyms. To determine the quality and recommendation of the analyzed interventions, the efficacy results reported by the studies were considered, as well as the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) assessment and the GRADE Evidence Assessment. Twenty-one electronic interventions in Primary Care were identified: internet, mobile or tablet applications, text messages, emails, automated telephone calls, or electronic self-reports. These interventions had diverse components, incorporating theories that have proven effective in face-to-face interventions as their theoretical frameworks. Some of them were complementary to in-person treatment, while others replaced it. Six interventions (28.5 %) displayed high quality: HealthCall, AB-CASI, Quit Genius, eCHECKUP-TOGO, CBI, and TES. Another nine interventions (42.8 %) were found to have moderate-high quality: Alcohol y Salud, IVR-BI, Program of Wallace et al., Let’s Talk About Smoking, SMSalud, ESCAPE, AAC-ASPIRE, iQuit, and Programa VIH. One intervention (4.7 %) had moderate-low quality: Vive sin tabaco ¡Decídete! The remaining five interventions (23.8 %) were found to have very low quality: Connection to health, cSBI, Teen Well Check, the program of Helzer et al. (2008), and Down your drink. The programs with the highest recommendation for addressing alcohol-related issues are HealthCall and AB-CASI; for tobacco use, it is Quit Genius; for cannabis use, it is eCHECKUP-TOGO; for addressing both legal and illegal substances, it is CBI and TES. Finally, for specific illicit drug use, the only recommended program is CBI. This last intervention, CBI, is of the highest quality and, therefore, can be considered a model intervention for dissemination in the primary care setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141130330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impulse and reason? Justifications in problem gambling","authors":"Raymond Wu ,&nbsp;Luke Clark","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People often use justifications to make desirable choices, but little is known about these justificatory thoughts in gambling. We conducted an exploratory Study 1 (<em>n</em> = 101) and a confirmatory Study 2 (<em>n</em> = 154) using online surveys, recruiting gamblers with prior and current experience of trying to reduce their gambling. Using justifications recognized in the domains of eating and consumer behavior (e.g., prior use of effort, feelings of achievement), we examined whether justifications were associated with problem gambling severity, and whether they explained additional variance above trait impulsivity and cognitive distortions. In both studies, justifications were positively associated with problem gambling severity, after accounting for trait impulsivity and cognitive distortions. Additionally, justifications were positively correlated with trait urgency and cognitive distortions, indicating that such thinking may not be antithetical to impulsivity. These data provide proof-of-principle evidence that justificatory thinking occurs in the context of gambling, is related to problem gambling severity, and may therefore represent a neglected aspect of gambling-related cognitions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306460324001217/pdfft?md5=2e44d5c5ebf330271e3cc74abb4c8aba&pid=1-s2.0-S0306460324001217-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141133846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of night-shift work with gambling and problem gambling among workers in Japan: A nationwide cross-sectional study","authors":"Takashi Yoshioka ,&nbsp;Ryuhei So ,&nbsp;Satoshi Funada ,&nbsp;Shiori Tsutsumi ,&nbsp;Tomoki Nakaya ,&nbsp;Ryo Okubo ,&nbsp;Tetsuji Minami ,&nbsp;Takahiro Tabuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><p>Night-shift work disturbs sleep and is associated with poor health conditions among workers. We aimed to investigate the association between night-shift work and gambling among workers and the association between night-shift work and problem gambling in working and gambling participants.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study used data from an online survey conducted between February 6 and 27, 2023 in Japan. A total of 21,134 workers participated in this study, including 9,739 respondents who had gambled in the past year. We estimated the association between night-shift work and gambling among workers and the association between night-shift work and problem gambling among those who gambled at the survey. We defined problem gambling as a score ≥ 8 on the Problem Gambling Severity Index. All estimates were weighted using a nationally representative survey in Japan. We fitted multivariable weighted logistic regression models after adjusting for 14 confounders.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The weighted prevalence of gambling among non-night and night-shift workers was 42.1 % and 55.4 %, respectively. When focusing on workers gambling in the survey, the prevalence of problem gambling among non-night and night-shift workers was 8.8 % and 24.2 %, respectively. The weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that night-shift work was associated with gambling participation among workers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.39, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.25–1.53, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). In addition, night-shift work was associated with problem gambling among those who gambled (aOR 1.94, 95 % CI 1.57–2.40, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Night-shift work was associated with gambling among workers and with problem gambling among those who gambled.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306460324001205/pdfft?md5=8b642abcf9f4fb2f471744ef7345dd4d&pid=1-s2.0-S0306460324001205-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141139120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value-based decision-making in regular alcohol consumers following experimental manipulation of alcohol value","authors":"Amber Copeland,&nbsp;Tom Stafford,&nbsp;Matt Field","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Devaluation of alcohol leads to reductions in alcohol choice and consumption; however, the cognitive mechanisms that underpin this relationship are not well-understood. In this study we applied a computational model of value-based decision-making (VBDM) to decisions made about alcohol and alcohol-unrelated cues following experimental manipulation of alcohol value. <strong>Method:</strong> Using a pre-registered within-subject design, thirty-six regular alcohol consumers (≥14 UK units per week) completed a two-alternative forced choice task where they chose between two alcohol images (in one block) or two soft drink images (in a different block) after watching videos that emphasised the positive (alcohol value), and separately, the negative (alcohol devalue) consequences of alcohol. On each block, participants pressed a key to select the image depicting the drink they would rather consume. A drift–diffusion model (DDM) was fitted to reaction time and choice data to estimate evidence accumulation (EA) processes and response thresholds during the different blocks in each experimental condition. <strong>Findings:</strong> In the alcohol devalue condition, soft drink EA rates were significantly higher compared to alcohol EA rates (<em>p</em> = 0.04, <em>d</em> = 0.31), and compared to soft drink EA rates in the alcohol value condition (<em>p</em> = 0.01, <em>d</em> = 0.38). However, EA rates for alcoholic drinks and response thresholds (for either drink type) were unaffected by the experimental manipulation. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> In line with behavioural economic models of addiction that emphasise the important role of alternative reinforcement, experimentally manipulating alcohol value is associated with changes in the internal cognitive processes that precede soft drink choice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306460324001187/pdfft?md5=3e3bdc1d8825a81d4b27f4220d953917&pid=1-s2.0-S0306460324001187-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141084033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blunt smoking during emerging adulthood: Characterizing transitions in cannabis and cigar co-use among a diverse cohort in Texas","authors":"Dale S. Mantey ,&nbsp;LaTrice Montgomery ,&nbsp;Baojiang Chen ,&nbsp;Onyinye Omega-Njemnobi ,&nbsp;Melissa B. Harrell","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To characterize and compare transitions in blunt smoking behaviors among a diverse cohort of youth and young adults observed between Spring 2019 and Fall 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed n = 14,152 observations (i.e., completed surveys) provided by n = 2,610 youth and young adults over six (6) waves from Spring 2019 to Fall 2021 via the Texas Adolescent Tobacco and Marketing Surveillance (TATAMS) system. Participants were recruited in age-cohorts, reflecting 16.5 years (0.5), 18.5 years (0.6), and 20.1 years (0.8) of age at baseline. We applied a three-state Markov model to estimate blunt initiation (never → ever), onset (never → current), continuation (ever → current), and discontinuation (current → ever). First, we compared transitions in blunt smoking by race/ethnicity, with non-Hispanic (NH) Whites as the referent. Second, we stratified the Markov models by race/ethnicity to identify common and unique predictors of blunt transitions, including sex, age, alcohol use, depression, anxiety, and tobacco cigar smoking.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At baseline, 73% of participants had never smoked blunts, 15.3% had ever smoked blunts s, and 11.7% currently smoked blunts. NHB (HR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.21–3.84) and Hispanic (HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.08–2.72) participants had significantly greater risk of blunt smoking initiation, relative to NHWs. Similarly, NHBs had great risk for continuation (HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.16–2.34) and lower risk of discontinuation (HR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.42–0.77), relative to NHWs. Alcohol use predicted greater risk for onset among NHW (HR: 5.22; 95% CI: 1.40–19.45), NHB (HR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.32–7.46), and Hispanic (HR: 2.99; 95% CI: 1.80–4.97) participants.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Blunt smoking initiation was most common among NHB and Hispanic youth and young adults while risk for sustained blunt smoking was higher in NHB youth and young adults. Research and interventions should investigate the link between alcohol use and elevated blunt smoking among young people.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141134379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the daily reciprocal relations between alcohol abstinence self-efficacy and drinking among non-treatment seeking individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD)","authors":"Brendan E. Walsh,&nbsp;Charles A. Manzler,&nbsp;Emily T. Noyes,&nbsp;Robert C. Schlauch","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Theoretical and empirical models of alcohol use and misuse indicate that abstinence self-efficacy (ASE) predicts improvements in treatment outcomes among individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD). More recently, studies have begun examining daily fluctuations in ASE to better understand in-the-moment determinants of drinking behaviors. With the goal of assessing how ASE is implicated in maintenance (rather than changing) of hazardous drinking patterns, the current study examined daily reciprocal relations between ASE and drinking among individuals with AUD. Non-treatment seeking adults (<em>n</em> = 63) with AUD were recruited and completed daily surveys assessing ASE and drinking behaviors for 14 days. Data were analyzed using time-lagged multilevel modeling. Results indicated that both within- and between-person elevations in ASE predicted decreased likelihood of drinking, but only within-person ASE predicted fewer drinks consumed on drinking days. Previous-day drinking behavior was unrelated to next-day ASE; however, higher percentage of drinking days during the monitoring period (between-person) was associated with lower daily ASE. These results demonstrate that confidence in one’s ability to abstain from drinking varies considerably across days, and that fluctuations may be implicated in daily drinking decisions. The lack of effect of previous-day drinking on ASE (combined with the significant effect of average drinking frequency) may suggest that sustained periods of reduced drinking or abstinence are necessary to impact ASE. This study points to ASE’s role in the maintenance of daily drinking behavior among non-treatment-seeking individuals with AUD and reiterates the importance of self-efficacy in behavioral control and decision-making at the daily level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141067382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}