Acta radiologica最新文献

{"title":"T2* mapping of the patellofemoral joint at 3 T MRI: a repeatability and reproducibility study.","authors":"Atilla Hikmet Cilengir, Ugurcan Suner, Yilmaz Onder, Tugrul Bulut, Merve Gursoy, Berna Dirim Mete","doi":"10.1177/02841851261438071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02841851261438071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundT2* mapping provides objective data on chondromalacia. However, its reliability in evaluating both patellar and trochlear cartilages has not yet been established.PurposeTo evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of T2* mapping of patellar and trochlear cartilage in patients with patellofemoral maltracking, and to compare the reliability of axial and sagittal imaging planes for early detection of chondromalacia.Material and MethodsThis retrospective study included 106 knees from patients aged 18-40 years presenting with anterior knee pain and MRI evidence of patellofemoral malalignment between January 2023 and August 2025. T2* mapping was performed on a 3 T MRI scanner using standardized protocols. Patellar and trochlear cartilage were manually divided into 12 compartments in axial and sagittal planes. Regions of interest were placed manually, and T2* relaxation times were measured independently by a musculoskeletal radiologist and an orthopedic surgeon. Intra- and inter-observer reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).ResultsMost compartments demonstrated good-to-excellent intra- and inter-observer agreement (ICC ≥0.75), particularly in the upper and mid patellar cartilage zones. Axial-plane measurements consistently showed higher ICC values than sagittal-plane measurements. The lowest reliability was observed in lower cartilage zones and in sagittal-plane measurements. All results were statistically significant (<i>P</i> <0.001).ConclusionT2* mapping of the patellofemoral joint provides reliable measurements, with superior performance in the axial plane and in mid-upper zones. Routine use of axial-plane T2* mapping may facilitate early detection of chondromalacia in young adults with anterior knee pain, potentially improving clinical decision-making and preventing irreversible cartilage damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":7143,"journal":{"name":"Acta radiologica","volume":" ","pages":"2841851261438071"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term repeatability of monoexponential apparent diffusion coefficient in prostate cancer: dependence on b-value, tumor grade, lesion size, and lesion location.","authors":"Ivan Jambor, Harri Merisaari","doi":"10.1177/02841851261441869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02841851261441869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundDiffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) of prostate cancer (PCa) is commonly quantified using monoexponential apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCm) values. However, repeatability of ADCm as qualitative biomarker for PCa is not well established.PurposeTo evaluate repeatability of prostate ADCm.Material and MethodsA total of 112 patients with PCa who underwent two repeated prostate DWI scans (12 b-values, 0-2000 s/mm²) on the same day before prostatectomy. ADCm values were analyzed across different b-value combinations and PCa lesion sizes. Bland-Altman plots, Spearman rank correlation, within-subject standard deviation (wSD), and coefficient of variation (wCV) were calculated.ResultsBland-Altman plots demonstrated no observable trend differences across ADCm intensity ranges. The results indicate correlation of ADCm repeatability with PCa aggressiveness, expressed as Gleason Grade Group (GGG). Specifically, wCV decreased towards higher GGG compared with GGG=1, wCV was <0.07 with b-value pairs from 0, 700 to 0, 1300 s/mm². Majority of evaluated lesions that had high wSD up to 0.2 × 10^-3 mm²/s were found in lower GGGs. Different b-value combinations demonstrated varying effects on ADCm performance. The lowest repeatability was observed with the lesion size <5 mL while for the lesion size ≥5 mL wSD was <0.1 × 10^-3 mm²/s.ConclusionOur study demonstrated repeatability of ADCm mean values as quantitative imaging biomarkers for PCa detection and characterization.</p>","PeriodicalId":7143,"journal":{"name":"Acta radiologica","volume":" ","pages":"2841851261441869"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stratified prevention strategies for iodine-based contrast media hypersensitivity: A meta-analysis of skin test utility and cross-reactivity.","authors":"Hongmei Zhang, Jian Chen, Yuxia Tang, Gongyi Ou","doi":"10.1177/02841851261440513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02841851261440513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPatients with prior iodine-based contrast media (ICM) hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) face elevated recurrence risks, yet the clinical value of skin testing for risk stratification remains uncertain.PurposeTo evaluate skin test efficacy, ICM cross-reactivity rates, and safety of test-negative agents, deriving patient-centered safety guidelines and clinician decision-support tools.Material and MethodsMEDLINE/EMBASE were systematically searched for studies on skin testing in ICM-allergic patients. Data were pooled via a random-effects model.ResultsA total of 33 studies were included in the analysis. The overall positive rate for skin tests in patients with immediate HSR was 25% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 17-34), while in non-immediate HSR cases, it was 28% (95% CI = 22-35). Cross-reactivity was observed in 42% (95% CI = 31-54) of immediate HSR cases and 49% (95% CI = 34-64) of non-immediate HSR cases. Among non-immediate HSR patients, 20% (95% CI = 13-30) experienced recurrence of HSR to skin test-negative ICM.ConclusionLow skin test positivity and high cross-reactivity necessitate stratified prevention strategies. Non-immediate HSR patients tolerate test-negative ICM better, informing patient education priorities and clinician tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":7143,"journal":{"name":"Acta radiologica","volume":" ","pages":"2841851261440513"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of photon-counting CT with energy-integrating CT in temporal bone imaging: an anthropomorphic phantom study.","authors":"David Pellby, Malin Vestin-Fredriksson, Anton Rönnblom, Margareta Nilsson, Roger Siemund, Love Kull, Marie-Louise Aurumskjöld","doi":"10.1177/02841851261431600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02841851261431600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPhoton-counting computed tomography (PCCT) is an emerging technique under evaluation for temporal bone imaging. Its capacity for radiation dose reduction while maintaining diagnostic image quality (IQ) requires further study.PurposeTo evaluate how PCCT compares to energy-integrating CT (EICT) in temporal bone imaging in terms of IQ and visualization of anatomical landmarks, at a clinically relevant, reduced radiation dose.Material and MethodsAn anthropomorphic phantom with exchangeable fresh frozen human temporal bone specimens was scanned. Nine specimens were scanned on a PCCT system with clinical protocol settings, followed by stepwise dose reductions for one specimen. Ten specimens were scanned on a EICT system with clinical protocol settings. Three readers assessed overall IQ and visualization of 10 important anatomical landmarks on a 4-point scale.ResultsPCCT was preferred by readers for most landmarks and ranked higher in overall IQ compared with EICT. At clinical protocol, PCCT provided statistically significant better results for all landmarks and overall IQ compared to EICT with dose reduction of almost 70%. With stepwise dose reduction PCCT maintained good to excellent IQ for most landmarks, suboptimal for the ossicular chain landmarks at lower doses, and overall poor image quality at the lowest dose level. PCCT at clinical and several reduced dose levels demonstrated statistically significant difference in overall image quality and visualization of landmarks, compared to EICT (<i>P</i> <0.05).ConclusionPCCT provides improved diagnostic image quality compared to EICT at clinical protocols, with lowered radiation dose, indicating its suitability for temporal bone imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":7143,"journal":{"name":"Acta radiologica","volume":" ","pages":"2841851261431600"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147715623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thin-slice 3D MR arthrographic analysis of capsular folds and fold-like structures in the superior shoulder joint.","authors":"Rodi Ertogrul, Hayri Ogul, Yusuf Yahsi, Zakir Sakci, Mustafa Ozdemir, Mecit Kantarci, Akin Levent","doi":"10.1177/02841851261438758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02841851261438758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundSuperior capsular folds and fold-like structures in the glenohumeral joint are potential sources of superior shoulder POS=12ptpain.PurposeTo obtain detailed information about the arthrographic anatomy and morphology of superior capsular folds and fold-like structures.Material and MethodsThis study followed a retrospective design and involved 300 consecutive shoulder magnetic resonance (MR) images and MR arthrograms in two centers. The origins and insertions of the superior capsular folds and fold-like structures in the glenohumeral joints were carefully examined and documented. Four subtypes of extensions in the sagittal-oblique plane of the posterior synovial fold were identified from the MR arthrograms, according to their associations with the biceps tendon long head, superior glenoid notch, and supraspinatus tendon. Further, two morphological subtypes of superior synovial folds were identified: cord-shaped and fan-shaped.ResultsSuperior capsular folds and fold-like structures in the shoulder joint were identified in 11 (4%) patients. Of these 11 superior capsular folds, 6 (54.5%) were then confirmed upon arthroscopy. The cord-shaped type was the most common MR arthrographic superior synovial fold and was detected in 8/11 (72.7%) patients. Type B was the most common form according to the course and insertion of the superior capsular fold (4/11 [37%] patients).ConclusionSuperior capsular folds, probably normal capsular anatomical variants, tend to be present in the posterior portions of the superior shoulder joint capsule and are rarely seen in MR arthrograms. These anatomical variations tend to be symptomatic, especially in young individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7143,"journal":{"name":"Acta radiologica","volume":" ","pages":"2841851261438758"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147621503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-contrast coronary magnetic resonance angiography in myocardial bridge assessment: a CCTA-referenced diagnostic evaluation.","authors":"Feng Wang, Shaobin Zhuang, Xi Liu, Ruiquan Chen, Zhen Xing","doi":"10.1177/02841851261419022","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02841851261419022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundMyocardial bridge (MB) may lead to myocardial ischemia. Non-contrast coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA) offers a non-invasive, radiation-free alternative to computed tomography coronary angiography (CCTA); however, the performance of whole-heart versus volume-targeted CMRA for MB detection remains unclear.PurposeTo evaluate and compare the diagnostic efficacy of non-contrast whole-heart and volume-targeted CMRA using balanced SSFP sequences in MB detection.Material and MethodsThis prospective study enrolled 30 consecutive patients with suspected or confirmed MB. All patients underwent both whole-heart and volume-targeted CMRA. Image quality was scored on a 3-point scale. MB detection confidence was rated on a 5-point scale. Using CCTA as the reference standard, diagnostic performance was evaluated by biserial rank correlation (rb) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with calculation of areas under the curve (AUCs). MB thickness and tunneled coronary segment length were additionally measured and compared between CMRA and CCTA.ResultsBoth CMRA techniques achieved a 97.04% diagnostic rate across coronary segments. Image quality scores (whole-heart=2.27-2.87; volume-targeted=2.37-2.93) showed no significant differences. At the patient level, strong correlations with CCTA were observed for whole-heart (rb = 0.66), volume-targeted (rb = 0.70), and combined CMRA (rb = 0.72) (all <i>P</i> <0.001). At the segment level, correlations remained strong for whole-heart (rb = 0.82), volume-targeted (rb = 0.70), and combined CMRA (rb = 0.82) (all <i>P</i> <0.001). ROC analysis showed comparable diagnostic performance among the three approaches at both LAD level (AUC=0.86, 0.89, 0.91; all <i>P</i> >0.05) and segment level (AUC=0.97, 0.89, 0.95; all <i>P</i> >0.05). No significant differences were observed between CMRA and CCTA in MB thickness or tunneled segment length for either whole-heart or volume-targeted CMRA (all <i>P</i> >0.05).ConclusionWhole-heart and volume-targeted CMRA provide high-quality, non-contrast coronary imaging for MB detection with diagnostic performance comparable to CCTA. The combined approach offers complementary advantages.</p>","PeriodicalId":7143,"journal":{"name":"Acta radiologica","volume":" ","pages":"344-351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146256935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcatheter artery embolization for hemoptysis in patients with destroyed lung: risk factors for recurrence.","authors":"Menglan Chu, Qikun Guo, Tongqiang Li, Weijie Luo, Liguo Dai, Wei Luo, Bin Xiong","doi":"10.1177/02841851261420814","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02841851261420814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundTranscatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is an established treatment of hemoptysis in patients with destroyed lung.PurposeTo identify the relevant risk factors for the recurrence of hemoptysis after TAE in patients with destroyed lung combined with hemoptysis.Material and MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on 179 patients with destroyed lung and hemoptysis who underwent TAE between January 2014 and September 2023. Immediate and clinical success rates were assessed after TAE. Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated hemoptysis-free survival. The Cox regression model was used to identify factors associated with recurrence.ResultsAmong 179 patients (124 men, 55 women; mean age = 57.24 ± 12.30 years), immediate and clinical success rates were 92.2% and 89.5%, respectively. Freedom from hemoptysis at 24 h was achieved in 91.5% of patients. Cox regression analysis identified the average number of embolized vessels per damaged lobe as an independent predictor of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.346, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.001-1.810; <i>P</i> <0.05). Patients with ≥4 embolized vessels per lobe had a significantly higher risk of recurrence than those with fewer vessels. Non-bronchial systemic arteries (NBSAs), particularly intercostal and subclavian artery branches, were key bleeding sources, with the ratio of NBSAs to bronchial arteries (BAs) embolized being approximately 1.38:1.ConclusionAlthough meticulous attention to NBSAs during TAE is essential, our study identifies the average number of embolized vessels per lobe as an independent predictor of recurrence. This indicates a disease state with high revascularization potential, necessitating long-term strategies that also address the underlying lung pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":7143,"journal":{"name":"Acta radiologica","volume":" ","pages":"379-387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of tumor regression grade and identification of prognostic factors using CT and biological features in patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent surgery after neoadjuvant therapy.","authors":"Jeongin Yoo, Sae-Jin Park, Haeryoung Kim, Kyung Bun Lee, Jung Hoon Kim","doi":"10.1177/02841851261424497","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02841851261424497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundRadiological response of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is challenging to assess.PurposeTo evaluate whether computed tomography (CT) and biological features can predict tumor regression grade (TRG), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) of patients who undergo surgery after CRT for PDAC.Material and MethodsThis retrospective study included 125 patients who underwent surgery after CRT for non-metastatic PDAC between January 2013 and March 2021. Two board-certified radiologists independently reviewed initial and post-CRT CT images and assessed the primary tumor extent and regional lymph node metastasis. Another board-certified radiologist quantitatively assessed the primary tumor on pre- and post-CRT diffusion-weighted and positron emission tomography images. Logistic regression and Cox regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of TRG 0/1, RFS, and OS.ResultsIn total, 44 (35.2%) patients had a TRG of 0/1. The normalized post-CRT carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 level (<37 IU) (odds ratio [OR] = 3.69; <i>P</i> = 0.024) and adjacent organ invasion on post-CRT CT images (OR = 0.24; <i>P</i> = 0.042) were independent predictors of TRG 0/1. During follow-up (mean = 33.6 months), 68 (54.4%) patients experienced tumor recurrence and 65 (52.0%) died. The normalized post-CRT CA 19-9 level (<37 IU) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.51; <i>P</i> = 0.028) was a significant predictor of RFS, and size change (%) after CRT (HR = 0.24; <i>P</i> = 0.044) was an independent predictor of OS.ConclusionThe normalized post-CRT CA 19-9 level and adjacent organ invasion on post-CRT CT images predicted TRG. The normalized post-CRT CA 19-9 level was associated with RFS, whereas size change was an independent predictor of OS.</p>","PeriodicalId":7143,"journal":{"name":"Acta radiologica","volume":" ","pages":"388-398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147346912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast cancer and liver metastases: an imaging perspective on the potential of resectability.","authors":"Erik Baubeta, Hanna Valind, Oskar Hagberg, Kristina Lång, Anna-Maria Larsson, Bodil Andersson, Hanna Sartor","doi":"10.1177/02841851261420593","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02841851261420593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundLiver metastases occur in approximately 50% of patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Currently, few patients with breast cancer liver metastases (BCLM) are considered for surgical intervention.PurposeTo estimate the proportion of BCLM patients potentially eligible for targeted liver intervention.Material and MethodsA total of 17,035 women were included (1991-1996) in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Diagnostic liver imaging (performed in 2003-2018) of women within the cohort later diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) was evaluated according to a predefined protocol. A multidisciplinary conference assessed BCLM resectability based on liver imaging and overall metastatic burden. Patients with non-skeletal, extrahepatic BC metastases were considered unresectable. Fisher's exact test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistical comparisons.ResultsAmong 1242 women initially diagnosed with BC, 249 were further diagnosed with MBC of which 57 had liver metastases; of these, 48 had available and assessable images. Based on liver imaging and the overall metastatic burden, 10 (21%) patients had liver metastasis that were considered resectable. No statistically significant differences were found between resectable and unresectable groups in age at primary BC diagnosis, age at BCLM diagnosis, mode of BC detection, or primary BC tumor parameters.ConclusionApproximately one-fifth of BCLM patients in this cohort could potentially have been eligible for targeted intervention of liver metastases. These findings contribute to the limited evidence on BCLM resectability and may inform future treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7143,"journal":{"name":"Acta radiologica","volume":" ","pages":"335-343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146218353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully automated segmentation of foot bones using machine learning and convolutional neural networks.","authors":"Timo Schmid, Arnaud Klopfenstein, Matthias Mottini, Jonas Gasser, Fabian Krause","doi":"10.1177/02841851261422700","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02841851261422700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundRecent advancements in medical imaging technology have significantly increased the prevalence of automatic and semi-automatic segmentation techniques for foot bones, offering promising potential for improving diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. However, a critical challenge remains the scarcity of literature on the reliability and validation of these automated systems, underscoring the need for comprehensive studies to ensure their trustworthiness in clinical practice.PurposeTo implement a fully automated foot bone segmentation method processed exclusively using convolutional neuronal networks (CNNs).Material and MethodsFoot bones of 50 computed tomography (CT) scans were manually segmented. Of them, 48 were used to train three CNNs of a customized and optimized three-dimensional (3D) U-Net structure for the segmentation process. The so trained networks were then applied on the remaining two CT scans. The Dice coefficient and the Intersection over Union (IoU) metric were calculated to evaluate the CNN's ability of proper foot bone segmentation.ResultsThe CNN accurately segmented 5,090,689/5,434,749 voxels in the test sets, achieving an overall Dice coefficient of 0.97 and IoU of 0.94. Excellent segmentation results were obtained for the hindfoot, midfoot, hallux, sesamoids, and proximal phalanges, while lower performance was noted for the intermediate and distal phalanges of the lesser toes.ConclusionThe CNN networks demonstrated excellent ability to recognize foot bone structures on CT. Our findings underscore the potential of deep learning models in providing reliable and accurate segmentation of foot bones, paving the way for more widespread clinical adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":7143,"journal":{"name":"Acta radiologica","volume":" ","pages":"361-367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147289048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}