Acta Cytologica最新文献

{"title":"Message from the International Academy of Cytology.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000547362","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547362","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":"69 4","pages":"410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Message from the International Academy of Cytology.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000545354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":"69 2","pages":"221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality Assurance in Immunocytochemistry: A Review and Practical Considerations.","authors":"Maria D Lozano, Ramon Robledano, Allan Argueta","doi":"10.1159/000540532","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cytological samples play a critical role in diagnosing advanced-stage tumors and those arising in difficult-to-reach anatomical sites such as the pancreatobiliary tract, lung, thyroid, suprarenal, pelvis, and others such as salivary glands. These samples are often the only available material for accurate diagnosis and for performing ancillary studies, such as immunocytochemistry (ICC) or the detection of molecular biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>While the use of immunohistochemistry is well established and standardized on formalin-fixed-paraffin-embedded histological tissue, in cytological samples, it presents unique challenges. Methods used for obtaining and processing these specimens are complex and are not standardized among laboratories. Moreover, there is also diversity in the types of cytological samples potentially suitable for ICC.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This review explores the current landscape of ICC practices in European and North American laboratories, highlighting variability in methods and the need for standardization to ensure reliable results and reproducibility of ICC on cytological specimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"60-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Immunocytochemistry in the Cytological Diagnosis of Mesothelioma.","authors":"Claire W Michael, Shannon Alexandra Rodgers","doi":"10.1159/000543048","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mesothelioma is an aggressive malignancy of the serosal surfaces with very poor prognosis. It traditionally manifests in older patients and at an advanced stage which results in minimal improvement in prognosis despite the recent advances in management. Early detection would therefore significantly impact management and potentially improve survival. Mesothelioma frequently presents with recurrent effusions, posing cytology as the initial procedure in the workup. A definitive diagnosis would not only spare the patients additional diagnostic procedures but also potentially afford them an opportunity for early surgical intervention and therapy.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In this article, we review the role of immunocytochemistry (ICC) in the workup of mesothelioma. The various ICC markers to confirm or rule out mesothelial lineage are reviewed. In addition, newly introduced molecular surrogates that confirm the malignant nature of the mesothelial cells and support a definitive diagnosis of mesothelioma are discussed. We also briefly discuss the theranostic implications of such markers and potential impact of such recent advances on the cytological diagnosis and reporting of mesothelioma.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>The cytological diagnosis of mesothelioma no longer requires the extensive expertise in morphological analysis and can be offered based on supporting ICC that confirms the mesothelial lineage and malignant nature of the cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"26-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid On-Site Evaluation with Pancreatic Fine-Needle Biopsies: Successes and Challenges.","authors":"T Leif Helland, M Lisa Zhang, Martha B Pitman, Vanda F Torous","doi":"10.1159/000544737","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) using larger, next-generation cutting needles is a minimally invasive method for the diagnosis of pancreatic lesions. Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) is employed to render preliminary diagnoses, ensure specimen adequacy, and triage tissue for ancillary testing and can be performed on FNB cores. Given the difficulty of pancreatic cytology and the novelty of ROSE with these larger cutting needles, this study was performed to evaluate discrepancies between ROSE and the final diagnosis to uncover challenging diagnostic areas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Final reports from pancreatic FNBs with ROSE between January 2019 and December 2021 were reviewed, and the ROSE and final diagnoses were compared. Cases were categorized into nondiagnostic (ND), negative for malignancy (NEG), atypical, neoplastic (NEO), suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and positive for malignant cells (POS). A major discrepancy was defined as an ND/NEG versus NEO/SFM/POS interpretation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 454 cases were identified. The ROSE versus final diagnosis breakdown was as follows: ND/NEG 18.7% versus 16.3%, atypical 6.4% versus 5.1%, NEO 10.8% versus 11.9%, SFM 4.4% versus 2.0%, and POS 59.7% versus 64.8%. The concordance rate was high at 96.9% with only 14 (3.1%) major discrepancies, which included 6 due to interpretive error, 3 due to sampling error, and 5 due to a combination of both. While the majority of lesions in the cohort were conventional ductal adenocarcinomas (76%), there was an over-representation of non-ductal tumors constituting major discrepancies (6/14; 42.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ROSE using pancreatic EUS-FNB is possible and provides an accurate interpretation in most cases. Diagnostic challenges remain with non-ductal tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"291-303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Criteria of Bile Cytology: A Multicenter Comparative Study of Conventional and Liquid-Based Cytology in Japan.","authors":"Yoshiki Naito, Akihiko Kawahara, Ryo Makino, Takako Tokumitsu, Daisuke Nagayama, Eiji Sadashima, Kaori Nakamura, Ryoji Nishizaki, Tadasuke Nagatomo, Yukina Fujino, Chie Hayakawa, Keishi Mizuguchi, Tatsuya Mori, Kenichi Hirabayashi, Takuma Tajiri","doi":"10.1159/000544997","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The use of liquid-based cytology (LBC) in non-gynecological fields has progressively increased. However, studies focusing on the application of LBC in bile cytology are limited, and its efficacy remains uncertain. In this study, we assessed the potential of LBC in bile cytology by evaluating the interobserver agreement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bile cytology specimens were collected between 2015 and 2022 by using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Eleven cytotechnologists participated in the evaluation. Digital images of bile cytology specimens prepared using conventional smear (CS), ThinPrep LBC (TP-LBC), and SurePath LBC (SP-LBC) methods (20 cases per preparation method) were assessed for interobserver agreement on 21 diagnostic criteria. The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using 50 bile cytology cases per preparation method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High interobserver agreement (exact kappa > 0.6) was observed for features, including the loss of nuclear polarity, irregular nuclear spacing, nuclear size variation, and increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio across the CS, TP-LBC, and SP-LBC methods. Malignant cells in TP-LBC appeared smaller and rounder, and formed flat aggregates compared with those in CS. In contrast, the malignant cells in SP-LBC formed three-dimensional clusters that overlapped and exhibited higher cellularity than those in CS. The sensitivity of bile cytology was 76.4%, 84.8%, and 93.2% for CS, TP-LBC, and SP-LBC, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The observers consistently recognized malignant cell features in bile cytology, irrespective of the preparation method. Understanding common features and method-specific cellular morphology is crucial for enhancing diagnostic accuracy. Our findings suggest that LBC methods can be effectively applied to bile cytology, potentially offering improved diagnostic accuracy compared with conventional methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"269-279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12013212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunocytochemistry in Cytology: Myth or Reality.","authors":"Deepali Jain, Lukas Bubendorf","doi":"10.1159/000543867","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543867","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"5-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000546955","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546955","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"408"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Immunocytochemistry in Cytology: Myth or Reality\": Unraveling the Myth - Immunocytochemistry Applications in Thyroid Lesions.","authors":"Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa, Ayana Suzuki","doi":"10.1159/000540366","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fine-needle aspiration cytology serves as an important preoperative diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules. Despite its excellent diagnostic accuracy, diagnoses based solely on morphological observation can be challenging. Therefore, various ancillary diagnostic techniques have been applied, including immunocytochemistry (ICC). This review discusses the application and evaluation of ICC in thyroid fine needle aspiration.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Currently, three immunostaining preparation methods are available for cytological materials: liquid-based cytology, cell block, and cell transfer. ICC proves valuable in scenarios such as tumour diagnosis, assessment of differentiation and grading of carcinomas, estimation of primary organs in metastatic carcinomas, and detection of gene abnormalities. However, ICC, while useful, is not as accurate as immunohistochemistry and is more difficult to evaluate.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>If the pitfalls and limitations are understood and effectively navigated, ICC could play a significant role in decreasing the non-diagnostic rate, thus leading to more accurate and valuable diagnoses and reductions in the re-aspiration rate.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Fine-needle aspiration cytology serves as an important preoperative diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules. Despite its excellent diagnostic accuracy, diagnoses based solely on morphological observation can be challenging. Therefore, various ancillary diagnostic techniques have been applied, including immunocytochemistry (ICC). This review discusses the application and evaluation of ICC in thyroid fine needle aspiration.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Currently, three immunostaining preparation methods are available for cytological materials: liquid-based cytology, cell block, and cell transfer. ICC proves valuable in scenarios such as tumour diagnosis, assessment of differentiation and grading of carcinomas, estimation of primary organs in metastatic carcinomas, and detection of gene abnormalities. However, ICC, while useful, is not as accurate as immunohistochemistry and is more difficult to evaluate.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>If the pitfalls and limitations are understood and effectively navigated, ICC could play a significant role in decreasing the non-diagnostic rate, thus leading to more accurate and valuable diagnoses and reductions in the re-aspiration rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"7-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141615631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image Quantification Analysis of Cytoplasmic Mucin and Interpretation of Mucin Color in Lobular Endocervical Glandular Hyperplasia.","authors":"Fumikazu Kimura, Kengo Ohshima, Ryo Kanai, Takumi Urata, Takaki Kobayashi, Saori Takeyama, Masahiro Yamaguchi, Shiho Asaka, Keiko Ishii","doi":"10.1159/000543224","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although the widespread use of screening tests and HPV vaccines for squamous cell carcinoma has led to early detection and treatment, effectiveness is limited for cervical adenocarcinoma. Lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia (LEGH) corresponds to gastric metaplasia but is regarded as a pathological condition with subtle morphological abnormalities. LEGH is a benign lesion and a precursor to gastric-type adenocarcinoma. We herein developed an objective and quantitative method by applying an image analysis technique to overcome the difficulties associated with the differential diagnosis of LEGH in uterine cervical cytology. This approach is expected to enable the early detection and accurate diagnosis of LEGH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We extracted signal values for the nucleus and cytoplasm from microscopic images of cytological specimens of normal endocervical (EC) and LEGH cells. These values were then converted into CIELAB and sRGB values to create color distribution maps, and color unmixing techniques were applied to assess the spectral absorbance of each pigment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CIELAB signal values extracted from the nuclear images of LEGH cells exhibited lower values than those of EC cells. Furthermore, based on color distribution maps, the cytoplasm of EC cells exhibited shades from purple to pink, while LEGH cells showed a distribution toward yellow.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reveals that, compared to EC cells, LEGH cells exhibit lower nuclear signal values and increased nuclear chromatin content. Thus, assessing the relative difference in cytoplasmic color tones between them may become an effective indicator for distinguishing between EC and LEGH cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"131-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}