Acta Cytologica最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic Immunocytostaining with Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Gamma in Urine Cytology Samples.","authors":"Shinichi Tanaka, Yasunori Tokuhara, Sanae Ariyasu, Tatsuya Morinishi, Tamami Yamamoto, Norihiro Teramoto, Eiichiro Hirakawa","doi":"10.1159/000535448","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Urine cytology is a common method for detection of urothelial carcinoma (UC), however, is not high sensitivity. Improvement of the accuracy of cytodiagnosis using immunocytostaining as an auxiliary method is needed. This study aimed to determine the cytodiagnostic usefulness of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) immunocytostaining in urine cytology for the detection of UCs, particularly low-grade urothelial carcinomas (LGUC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PPAR-γ immunocytostaining was performed for 37 UC cases and 26 benign cases. Among the UC cases, 22 cases were of the papillary proliferation type, not including the mixed type comprising both papillary and flat growth. Fifteen LGUC cases of all papillary proliferation types were included. For comparison, the same samples were also immunocytostained for p53 and Ki-67.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the UC cases, 25 of 37 were positive for PPAR-γ, while 24 of the 26 benign cases were PPAR-γ-negative. Regardless of histological grading, 13 of the 22 UC cases with papillary proliferation were PPAR-γ-positive. In particular, PPAR-γ immunocytostaining showed higher sensitivity for LGUC cases than that of the other biomarkers. Regarding LGUC specifically, 4 of 10 cases not identified by primary cytology were detected by PPAR-γ immunocytostaining.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PPAR-γ immunocytostaining enhances the accuracy of urine cytodiagnosis. Furthermore, PPAR-γ is a more useful immunobiomarker in urine cytology than p53 and Ki-67, the commonly used immunobiomarkers for malignant cell detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"60-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138440090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Risk of Malignancies of the Diagnostic Categories Proposed by the World Health Organization System for Reporting Lung Cytopathology: A 2-Year Single Institutional Experience.","authors":"Wei-An Lai, Chien-Chin Chen","doi":"10.1159/000539154","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The WHO System of Reporting Lung Cytopathology proposed a 5-tiered system in 2023. We report the risk of malignancies (ROMs) of bronchial washing/lavage and percutaneous fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens. We also evaluated the change of ROMs when image correlation is required.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lung cytology cases in 2021 and 2022 with histologic follow-up were included. CT reports were reviewed to identify cases with a solid nodule/tumor but benign cytological findings. These were reassigned from the \"benign\" to \"non-diagnostic\" category, and the ROMs were re-estimated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,031 bronchial washing/lavage and 206 FNAs were identified. The ROMs of bronchial washing/lavage were \"non-diagnostic\" 56.5% (13/23), \"benign\" 41.9% (320/764), \"atypical\" 71.7% (71/99), \"suspicious for malignancy\" 94.7% (72/76), and \"malignant\" 100% (70/70). The ROMs of FNAs were \"non-diagnostic\" 66% (33/50), \"benign\" 58.2% (39/67), \"atypical\" 70% (28/40), \"suspicious for malignancy\" 96.2% (25/26), and \"malignant\" 100% (70/70). When image finding was considered, cases initially assigned as \"benign\" were re-classified to \"non-diagnostic\" with decreases in ROMs for the \"benign\" category.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Malignancy risks associated with the WHO System of Reporting Lung Cytopathology diagnostic groups were reported. Image correlation for the \"benign\" category led to a decrease in case number and ROM.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"351-358"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Message from the International Academy of Cytology.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000539290","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539290","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":"68 2","pages":"171-172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140890994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dr. George N. Papanicolaou (1883-1962) and the Art of Modern Numismatics.","authors":"Ioannis N Mammas, Demetrios A Spandidos","doi":"10.1159/000539906","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539906","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"339-341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141426025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viral Cytopathic Changes in Sputum Cytology in a Patient with Known Human Metapneumovirus.","authors":"Eva Tang, Andrew Peter Gador-Whyte, Marsali Ruth Newman","doi":"10.1159/000540184","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Viral cytopathic changes seen in sputum cytology have been described in association with infection by viruses such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), adenovirus, and even measles. However, viral cytopathic changes due to human metapneumovirus (hMPV) have not yet been well described in cytology. hMPV is a relatively new entity, discovered in 2001. It is known to cause upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children, the elderly, and immunocompromised patients.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We describe the viral cytopathic changes seen in sputum in a 63-year-old male patient with known hMPV. These changes include multinucleation, nuclear enlargement, homogenised nuclei, basophilic nuclear inclusions with perinuclear halos, and small eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We aim to raise awareness that hMPV can cause viral cytopathic changes and to describe these cytological features, which have been elucidated in only 1 case report thus far. Distinction from other viruses with similar changes, such as HSV and CMV, is important due to their differing clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"374-378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141533271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Kymi Odyssey Honorary Ceremony and the Future G.N. Papanicolaou Museum: A Personal Appeal for Support, Enrichment, and Visitation.","authors":"Nikolaos Chantziantoniou","doi":"10.1159/000535394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535394","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":"68 1","pages":"6-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142455443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Image Comparison of Cellular Yield in Bronchial Brushing: Pre- and Post-Biopsy Lavage Cytology.","authors":"Joshua Jing Xi Li, Joanna Ka Man Ng, Christopher Chan, Charlotte Ho Ying Lau, Joyce Ka Ching Ng, Rachel Lai Ping Lo, Wing Ho Yip, Jenny Chun Li Ngai, Ka Pang Chan","doi":"10.1159/000539567","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bronchoscopy is a useful diagnostic tool capable of performing core biopsy, forceps biopsy, bronchoalveolar lavage, and bronchial brushing. This study compares the cellularity of bronchial cytology including pre- and post-biopsy lavage by digital image analysis, aiming to increase diagnostic and tumor yield by optimizing the sequence and combination of bronchial biopsy and cytology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Alveolar macrophage, bronchial epithelium, and tumor cell cellularity from liquid-based cytology preparations of bronchial brushing and pre-biopsy and post-biopsy bronchoalveolar lavage were annotated on digitized whole-slide images and compared. Secondary analysis on the relationship of tumor cell and non-lesional cell yield was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 118 cytology specimens from 43 patients were retrieved in total. Bronchial epithelium count was higher in pre-biopsy than post-biopsy lavage (p &lt; 0.01) but not for alveolar macrophages nor tumor cell (p &gt; 0.05). Tumor cell count was higher for bronchial brushing cytology samples than lavage (p = 0.018). The alveolar macrophage count was higher in post-biopsy lavage than bronchial brushing (p = 0.033); otherwise, brushing showed consistently higher bronchial epithelium and tumor cell counts. There were 33 false negative (tumor cell absent) specimens, and the combination of bronchial brushing and pre-biopsy lavage yielded the lowest false negative cases. Correlation between bronchial epithelium and alveolar macrophage counts with tumor cell count was weak (correlation coefficient = -0.168-0.203) except for post-biopsy lavage (correlation coefficient = 0.412-0.479, p &lt; 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bronchial brushing yields a greater amount of tumor cell than lavage, and timing lavage before or after core biopsy does not affect tumor cell yield. Combining bronchial brushing and pre-biopsy lavage results in the lowest false negative rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"368-373"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141260519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytology Ode.","authors":"Lisa Choudhrie","doi":"10.1159/000535695","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535695","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"4-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Endometrial Cytology Identify Patients Who Would Benefit from Immunotherapy?","authors":"Shintaro Yanazume, Yukari Kirita, Yusuke Kobayashi, Ikumi Kitazono, Toshiaki Akahane, Mika Mizuno, Shinichi Togami, Akihide Tanimoto, Hiroaki Kobayashi","doi":"10.1159/000538288","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patients with polymerase epsilon (POLE) mutation (POLEmut) subtype, MMR-deficient (MMR-d) subtype as classified by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and a high tumor mutation burden (TMB-high) potentially benefit from immunotherapy. However, characteristics of the cytological morphology within these populations remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues was subjected to next-generation sequencing analysis. Genomic mutations related to gynecological cancers, TMB, and microsatellite instability were analyzed and were placed in four TCGA classification types. The following morphological cytological investigations were conducted on endometrial cancer using a liquid-based preparation method, prior to the commencement of initial treatment: (i) cytological backgrounds; (ii) differences between each count of neutrophils and lymphocytes as described below.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Insignificant differences in the cytological background patterns of TCGA groups and TMB status were found. Although there was no significant difference in neutrophil count (p = 0.955) in the TCGA groups, POLEmut and MMR-d had significantly higher lymphocyte counts than no specific molecular profile (NSMP) (p = 0.019 and 0.037, respectively); furthermore, p53mut also tended to be significant (p = 0.064). Lymphocyte counts in TMB-high were also significantly greater than TMB-low (p = 0.002). POLEmut showed a positive correlation between TMB levels and lymphocyte counts. For predicting patients with POLEmut plus MMR-d, lymphocyte counts demonstrated a superior diagnostic accuracy of area under the curve (AUC) (0.70, 95% CI: 0.57-0.84), with a cutoff value of 26 high-power field.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lymphocyte count using liquid-based cytology for patients with endometrial cancer may predict POLEmut plus MMR-d of TCGA groups and TMB-high in those who can benefit from immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"128-136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140108701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of UroVysion Fluorescence in situ Hybridization in Improving the Diagnostic Performance of Urine Cytology.","authors":"K C Sharan, Radhika Srinivasan, Radha Uppal, Manish Rohilla, Pranab Dey, Nandita Kakkar, Ravimohan S Mavuduru","doi":"10.1159/000540070","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The atypical urothelial cell (AUC) category in The Paris System (TPS) in urine cytology (UrCy) is a challenging area. This study aimed to evaluate the UroVysion fluorescence in situ hybridization (U-FISH) assay in predicting the outcome of AUC. Additionally, we explored the association of abnormal U-FISH results in high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) concerning muscularis propria invasion (MPI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective study, and U-FISH was done on archived Papanicolaou-stained smears. Four cohorts were included: non-neoplastic AUC (AUC-NN), neoplastic AUC (AUC-N), muscle-invasive HGUC (HGUC-MI), and muscle-free HGUC (HGUC-MF) outcome on histopathology (HPE) and with clinical follow-up of 12-29 months. U-FISH was evaluated for diagnostic purposes, and MPI and tumor stage prediction by urine FISH score (UFS; high vs. low) based on copy number gain of chromosomes (Chr).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>U-FISH was performed on 70 cases (20 AUC-NN, 20 AUC-N, 15 HGUC-MI, and 15 HGUC-MF) and was successful in 58/70 (82.85%) cases. All UC cases showed polysomy of ≥2Chr, and all the AUC-NN cases reported non-neoplastic on HPE were negative for U-FISH. U-FISH picked up all carcinoma cases in the AUC-N cohort. Chr 3 polysomy was statistically significant in differentiating HGUC-MI from HGUC-MF and low-grade urothelial carcinoma cases. Chr 3 signals with a cut-off of 6 signals could identify MPI with a sensitivity of 80.95% and specificity of 41.94%. The UFS of the HGUC-MI group was significantly higher than HGUC-MF.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>U-FISH successfully identified all cases of AUC with neoplastic outcomes. In the HGUC group, there was a difference in cases with and without MPI, which requires further confirmation in a larger prospective cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"423-435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}