Acta Parasitologica最新文献

{"title":"Molecular Identification, Multigenic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Ctenocephalides Canis Fleas from Humans and Domestic Animals in Iran","authors":"Shahin Seidi,&nbsp;Mousa Tavassoli,&nbsp;Farnaz Malekifard,&nbsp;Mourad Ben Said","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00846-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00846-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Fleas belonging to the Pulicidae are prevalent ectoparasites infesting mammals and birds in Iran. This study focused on genetically identifying and characterizing <i>Ctenocephalides canis</i> collected both off-host and infesting humans and various domestic animals in the country.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 918 adult flea samples were collected from 10 sites in western and northwestern Iran between April 2018 and May 2019. Out of these, 71 specimens were found off-host, while the remaining fleas were collected from humans (121), sheep (126), goats (184), and dogs (416). Morphological identification at the genus level was performed on all fleas, and ten selected specimens selected based on the sampling sites and hosts were subjected to molecular detection at the species level by using partial amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2, as well as the cytochrome oxidase I (COXI) markers.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The morphological identification confirmed all fleas as <i>Ctenocephalides</i> spp. Alignment and phylogenetic analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial partial sequences confirmed the presence of <i>C. canis</i>. However, molecular divergence was observed among the ten isolates based on the ITS1 and ITS2 with diversity rates estimated at 0.15% and 3.36%, respectively. Notably, the analysis of the COXI marker revealed no molecular divergence among the partial sequences representing the ten studied isolates from <i>C. canis</i>.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study explores the diversity of <i>C. canis</i> in the western and northwestern regions of Iran, providing insights into their molecular taxonomy and potential role as disease vectors in these areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"69 2","pages":"1219 - 1230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echinococcus granulosus Sensu Stricto and Echinococcus multilocularis in a Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) in Turkey: Further Evidence for Increased Risk of Alveolar Echinococcosis in Urban Areas","authors":"Muzaffer Akyuz,&nbsp;Ridvan Kirman,&nbsp;Esin Guven,&nbsp;Ibrahim Balkaya,&nbsp;Hamza Avcioglu","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00842-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00842-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of this study was to identify <i>Echinococcus</i> species by morphological and molecular means.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A dead gray wolf (<i>Canis lupus</i>) was found near Erzurum province and brought to the parasitology laboratory. Sedimentation and counting technique (SCT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis were conducted.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The SCT implications indicated that the wolf had a substantial worm burden (62,720 and 49,280 parasites) due to a co-infection of <i>E. granulosus s.l.</i> and <i>E. multilocularis.</i> Genus/species-specific PCR was used to analyze DNA extracted from adult worms and confirmed as <i>E. granulosus s.s.</i> and <i>E. multilocularis</i>, utilizing COI and 12S rRNA gene sequence analysis, respectively.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This report presents the first co-detection of <i>E. granulosus s.s.</i> and <i>E. multilocularis</i> in a gray wolf found in an urban area in a highly endemic area for human echinococcosis in northeastern Turkey. The results emphasize that AE is not only a problem of rural areas, but also occurs in urban areas, which may pose a threat to public health. Therefore, surveillance in urban areas is crucial. The need to develop new control strategies for domestic and wildlife in the study area is also highlighted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"69 2","pages":"1319 - 1323"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11686-024-00842-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Sex as a Potential Route for Toxoplasma Gondii Transmission: Experiment with Human Semen and Laboratory Mice Model","authors":"Jana Ullmann,&nbsp;Petr Kodym,&nbsp;Jaroslav Flegr,&nbsp;Dagmar Berenová,&nbsp;Simona Jirsová,&nbsp;Šárka Kaňková","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00848-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00848-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> is one of the most widespread parasites in the human population globally. Several modes of its transmission have been proposed: some are well-researched and confirmed, others remain unconfirmed. One unconfirmed hypothesis pertains to potential transmission of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> via oral sex (fellatio) in humans. A recent study found tissue cysts in the semen of men with latent toxoplasmosis. Therefore, we aimed to test the hypothesis of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> transmission through oral sex experimentally.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Eighty-two laboratory mice were orally administered semen samples from 41 men with latent toxoplasmosis. These semen samples were examined for the presence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> DNA using PCR.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>We detected <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> DNA in three of the 41 semen samples from men with latent toxoplasmosis. Oral administration of semen samples to laboratory mice did not result in parasite transmission.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We have not demonstrated the transmission of <i>Toxoplasma</i> to mice by oral exposure to semen from infected men. While this does not conclusively rule out the possibility of such transmission in humans, the results suggest that, if it does occur, this mode of transmission is likely infrequent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"69 2","pages":"1314 - 1318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140656997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Efficacy of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles for Treatment of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection Through Their Immunomodulatory, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Potency","authors":"Qais A.H. Majeed,&nbsp;Sultan F. Alnomasy,&nbsp;Abdullah F. Shater,&nbsp;Abdullah D. Alanazi","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00845-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00845-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present experimental survey designed to green synthesis, characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo anti<i>-Toxplasma gondii</i> activity of silver nanoparticles (SLN) green synthesized by <i>Lupinus arcticus</i> extract. SLN were green synthesized based on the reducing by <i>L. arcticus</i> extract through the precipitation technique. In vitro lethal effects of SLN on <i>T. gondii</i> tachyzoites, infectivity rate, parasites inside of the human macrophage cells (THP-1 cells), nitric oxide (NO) triggering, and iNOS and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) expression genes were evaluated. In vivo, after establishment of toxoplasmosis in BALB/c mice via <i>T. gondii</i> ME49 strain, mice received SLN at 10 and 20 mg/kg/day alone and combined to pyrimethamine at 5 mg/kg for 14 days. SLN exhibited a spherical form with a size ranging from 25 to 90 nm. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) value of SLN and pyrimethamine against tachyzoites was 29.1 and 25.7 µg/mL, respectively. While, the 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC₅₀) value of SLN and pyrimethamine against THP-1 cells was 412.3 µg/mL and 269.5 µg/mL, respectively. SLN in combined with pyrimethamine obviously (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) decreased the number and size of the <i>T. gondii</i> cysts in the infected mice. The level of NO, iNOS and IFN-γ genes was obviously (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) upregulated. SLN obviously (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) decreased the liver level of oxidative stress and increased the level of antioxidant factors. The findings displayed the promising beneficial effects of SLN mainly in combination with current synthetic drugs against latent <i>T. gondii</i> infection in mice. But we need more experiments to approve these findings, clarifying all possible mechanisms, and its efficiency in clinical phases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"69 2","pages":"1201 - 1211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140630959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthelmintic Activity of Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch. Against Ascaridia galli, a Pathogenic Nematode in Poultry: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies","authors":"Fayaz Hussain Mir,&nbsp;Syed Tanveer,&nbsp;Pooja Bharti,&nbsp;Bilal Ahmad Para","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00837-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00837-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim of the study</h3><p>The growing resistance of helminth parasites to currently available commercial anthelmintic drugs, combined with apprehensions regarding detrimental chemical residues in livestock products, has sparked an interest in exploring medicinal plants as an alternative strategy for treating helminthiasis. As a result, this study was designed to investigate the anthelmintic activity of crude methanolic extracts (CME) of <i>Saussurea costus</i> root on <i>Ascaridia.galli</i>, a pathogenic nematode of poultry.</p><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p><i>In vitro,</i> the anthelmintic effect of <i>Saussurea costus</i> root was evaluated in comparison to commercial anthelmintic, levamisole on the adult nematode parasites, <i>A.galli</i> using worm motility inhibition (WMI) test. The CME of <i>S.costus</i> was also evaluated for <i>in vivo</i> anthelmintic activity in chickens experimentally infected with <i>Ascaridia galli</i>. For the <i>in vivo</i> study, one hundred-day-old chickens were orally infected with embryonated eggs of <i>A. galli</i> worms<i>.</i> The efficacy of the plant extract as an anthelmintic was assessed through two tests: faecal egg count reduction (FECR) test and worm count reduction (WCR) test. The study investigated three distinct doses of plant extract under <i>in vivo</i> setup: 500 mg kg⁻¹ body weight (bw), 1000 mg kg⁻¹ bw, and 2000 mg kg⁻¹ bw.</p><h3>Results</h3><p><i>In vitro</i>, all the tested concentrations of <i>S.costus</i> (25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, and 100 mg/ml) showed a significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) anthelmintic effects on live adult <i>A. galli</i> worms in terms of inhibition of worm motility at different hours post-treatment. At the highest concentration of the extract, we observed worm motility inhibition of 100% at 24 h post-exposure. On day 14 post-treatment, all birds were slaughtered, and adult <i>A. galli</i> worms were subsequently retrieved from their small intestines. Birds treated with CME extract of <i>S. costus</i> root exhibited a significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) reduction in faecal egg count. However, the administration of the extract at the dosage of 500 mg kg⁻¹bw to the birds did not reveal any significant (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05) differences in the worm count compared to the negative control group. The CME of <i>S. costus</i> at a dose of 2000 mg kg⁻¹bw showed the highest anthelmintic activity by inducing 83.10% FECR and 76.47% WCR.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In conclusion, the root extract of <i>S. costus</i> has a promising anthelmintic activity on <i>A. galli</i> as demonstrated by the results of the present experiment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"69 2","pages":"1192 - 1200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140593734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piroplasmid Infections Among Domestic Dogs in the Mountain City of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","authors":"João Pedro Siqueira Palmer,&nbsp;Gilberto Salles Gazêta,&nbsp;Marcos Rogério André,&nbsp;Priscila Alves Fialho,&nbsp;Laís Lisboa Corrêa,&nbsp;José André Lessa Damasceno,&nbsp;Carolina Bistritschan Israel,&nbsp;Rafael Rempto Pereira,&nbsp;Alynne da Silva Barbosa","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00843-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00843-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The aim of the present study was to analyze the frequency of the piroplasmids in blood from dogs and ticks recovered from these animals in Teresópolis city, located in the mountain region of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. In addition to the clinical and hematological profile.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 400 dogs attended in a veterinary clinic in this city between 2020 and 2021 were included. The blood was collected from the dogs, along with ticks and information on these dogs was obtained through a questionnaire applied to the owners. Thin-smear analyses and complete blood counts were performed. All forms characteristic of piroplasmids were measured and classified morphologically. The blood was also subjected to PCR assays based on the genes 18S rRNA and <i>hsp70</i>. In addition, the ixodid ticks were classified morphologically and subjected to PCR for piroplasmids research. The amplified products were sent for gene sequencing.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Piroplasmids were detected in 2.3% of the dogs. The variables statistically associated with infections in these animals were hemorrhage/bleeding, jaundice, anisocytosis, activated monocytes and macroplatelets (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). Piriform, ring-shaped, oval and aberrant structures were viewed in erythrocytes, neutrophils and monocytes, with lengths greater than and less than 2.5 µm. The nine positive samples from these dogs were characterized as due to <i>Rangelia vitalii</i>. However, one sequence from <i>B. vogeli</i> was detected in a single adult specimen of <i>R. sanguineus</i>.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Although circulation of two species of piroplasmids potentially infective for domestic dogs has been observed in the mountain city of Rio de Janeiro, infection due to <i>R. vitalii</i> was mostly seen in the dogs of the present study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"69 2","pages":"1172 - 1191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140593222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population Genetics of Culex tritaeniorhynchus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Türkiye","authors":"Fatma Bursali,&nbsp;Fatih Mehmet Simsek","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00844-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00844-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Mosquitoes are important vectors of pathogens that can affect humans and animals. <i>Culex tritaeniorhynchus</i> is an important vector of arboviruses such as Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus among various human and animal communities. These diseases are of major public health concern and can have huge economic and health burdens in prevalent countries. Although populations of this important mosquito species have been detected in the Mediterranean and Aegean regions of Türkiye; little is known about its population structure. Our study is to examine the population genetics and genetic composition of <i>Cx. tritaeniorhynchus</i> mosquitoes collected from several localities using cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 genes (ND5). This is the first extensive study of <i>Cx. tritaeniorhynchus</i> in the mainland Türkiye with sampling spanning many of provinces.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this study, DNA extraction, amplification of mitochondrial COI and ND5 genes and population genetic analyses were performed on ten geographic populations of <i>Culex tritaeniorhynchus</i> in the Aegean and Mediterranean region of Türkiye.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Between 2019 and 2020, 96 samples were collected from 10 geographic populations in the Aegean and Mediterranean regions; they were molecularly analyzed and 139 sequences (50 sequence for COI and 89 sequence for ND5) were used to determine the population structure and genetic diversity. For ND5 gene region, the samples produced 24 haplotypes derived from 15 variable sites and for COI gene region, 43 haplotypes were derived from 17 variable sites. The haplotype for both gene regions was higher than nucleotide diversity. Haplotype phylogeny revealed two groups present in all populations. AMOVA test results show that the geographical populations were the same for all gene regions. Results suggest that <i>Cx. tritaeniorhynchus</i> is a native population in Türkiye, the species is progressing towards speciation and there is no genetic differentiation between provinces and regions.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study provides useful information on the molecular identifcation and genetic diversity of <i>Cx. tritaeniorhynchus;</i> these results are important to improve mosquito control programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"69 2","pages":"1157 - 1171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11686-024-00844-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140593369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Chagas a Neglected Tropical Disease in Rural Communities of the Colombian Caribbean, CHAGCOV Study","authors":"Margarita M Ochoa-Diaz,&nbsp;Daniela Orozco-Garcia,&nbsp;Ronald S. Fernandez-Vasquez,&nbsp;Melisa Eyes-Escalante","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00833-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00833-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Chagas disease (CD) a Neglected Tropical Diseases is an important public health issue in countries where is still endemic, included in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Traditionally restricted to rural areas with diverse routes of transmissions from vectorial to oral with acute manifestations but being more common diagnosed in chronic stages. The aim of this investigation was to characterize the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) related to Chagas disease (CD) in two rural settlements of the Colombian Caribbean with previous records of the disease and/or the parasite.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional descriptive study was made in two rural settlements in Colombia and surveillance instrument was developed to measure Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) related to Chagas disease (CD).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In a population with &gt; 60% women and access to social security around 66.5%; 81,6% were homeowners with access to water and electricity &gt; 90% but only 9% of sewerage. The level of knowledge about CD was around 62% but lack of specificity about comprehension of transmission routes (74,6%), and symptoms (85,3%) were found; concluding that 86% of the surveyed sample had very poor level of knowledge about the disease despite preventive campaigns carried out in the two communities studied.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Despite of a low frequency of CD in this Caribbean areas, the presence of vector, risk factors plus poor level of knowledge about the disease justify that public health intervention strategies should be implemented and monitored over time to maintain uninterrupted surveillance of Chagas Disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"69 2","pages":"1148 - 1156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11686-024-00833-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140593365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Interaction Effect of Artemisia cina n-hexane Extract and Tagetes lucida Ethyl Acetate Extract on Haemonchus Contortus","authors":"Itzel Santiago-Figueroa,&nbsp;Manases González-Cortazar,&nbsp;Julieta Gertrudis Estrada-Flores,&nbsp;Jorge Alfredo Cuéllar-Ordaz,&nbsp;María Eugenia López-Arellano,&nbsp;Francisco Javier González-Reyes,&nbsp;Agustín Olmedo-Juárez,&nbsp;Rosa Isabel Higuera-Piedrahita","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00839-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00839-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>We analysed the possible synergistic activity among active extracts from <i>Artemisia cina</i> and <i>Tagetes lucida</i> combinations on <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>, a nematode parasitising sheep.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The work was carried out in vitro on eggs and infective larvae (L3) of <i>H. contortus</i>. The results were analysed with SAS 9.1, applying the ANOVA and Tukey test, and the lethal concentration (LC) values LC50 and LC90 were determined with regression analysis, employing Proc Probit of SAS 9.1. Additionally, the lethal concentration (LC) was calculated with LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ to determine the synergistic effect.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The results demonstrated a high efficacy of the two plants studied on both nematode eggs and L3 larvae as well as of their combinations. The highest egg hatching inhibition was obtained with a 50/50 combination, and the best larvae mortality was obtained with 25% <i>A. cina</i> and 75% <i>T. lucida</i> at 10 mg/mL. Additionally, this combination showed a synergistic effect.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The two plant species studied here can be applied as natural anthelmintic alternatives due to their high bioactive effect and synergistic response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"69 2","pages":"1132 - 1140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11686-024-00839-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140593321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Composition and Acaricidal Activity of Essential Oil of Lavandula dentata L. on Engorged Females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)","authors":"Cicera Maria de Oliveira Xavier,&nbsp;Eduardo Henrique Amorim Silva,&nbsp;Ivaldo Victor Mota de Siqueira,&nbsp;Lucia Oliveira de Macedo,&nbsp;Vanderson Barbosa Bernardo,&nbsp;Henrique Fonseca Goulart,&nbsp;Antônio Euzébio Goulart Santana,&nbsp;Rafael Antonio Nascimento Ramos,&nbsp;Pedro Gregório Vieira Aquino,&nbsp;Gílcia Aparecida de Carvalho","doi":"10.1007/s11686-024-00835-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-024-00835-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose </h3><p><i>Rhipicephalus</i> (<i>Boophilus</i>) <i>microplus</i> is one the most significant ectoparasite in cattle farming in tropical and subtropical regions, causing problems to livestock health worldwide. The control of this ectoparasite primarily relies on the use of synthetic acaricides. However, the emergence of acaricide resistance has stimulated the search for new control alternatives, including phytocompounds with acaricidal and insecticidal potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acaricidal potential of <i>Lavandula dentata</i> essential oil against the engorged females of <i>R</i>. (<i>B</i>.) <i>microplus</i>.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Engorged females were obtained from infested bovines in dairy farms in Pernambuco, Brazil. <i>L. dentata</i> essential oil was extracted, and adult immersion test assays were performed using the following oil concentrations: 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1%.</p><h3>Results </h3><p><i>L. dentata</i> essential oil at a concentration of 1% was lethal to all engorged females, and concentrations of 0.6% and 0.8% caused mortality of 98.6% and 99.1%, respectively. These concentrations disrupted the reproductive capacity of engorged females, reducing oviposition by more than 90% and preventing egg hatching by over 87%.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The data revealed that <i>L. dentata</i> essential oil possesses effective pharmacological properties against <i>R</i>. (<i>B</i>.) <i>microplus</i> and could be used for tick control following in vivo evaluation, thus contributing to mitigating the negative impacts of synthetic acaricide use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"69 2","pages":"1141 - 1147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140593225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}