Acta Parasitologica最新文献

{"title":"Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Role of Felids as Intermediate Hosts in the Life Cycle of Neospora caninum Based on Serological Data","authors":"Naser Nazari,&nbsp;Mohammad Taghi Khodayari,&nbsp;Yazdan Hamzavi,&nbsp;Saber Raeghi,&nbsp;Seyed Ahmad Karamati,&nbsp;Shahab Falahi,&nbsp;Arezoo Bozorgomid,&nbsp;Mohammad Taha Sajedi","doi":"10.1007/s11686-023-00661-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-023-00661-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Neosporosis is an important widespread parasitic infection caused by <i>N. caninum</i>. It infects a wide range of warm-blooded animals as intermediate hosts and dogs as the definitive host. Nevertheless, there are a number of questions regarding the life cycle and epidemiological aspects of <i>N. caninum</i>. Also, the role of felids (domestic and non-domestic) in the life cycle of <i>N. caninum</i> has been little described. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the global prevalence of <i>N. caninum</i> in domestic and wild felids.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases were searched for articles published on the prevalence of <i>N. caninum</i> in felids until Aprill 2, 2022 and the reference lists of retrieved articles were screened. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated using Cochran’s Q and the <i>I</i>² statistic.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>After exclusion of irrelevant articles and duplication removal, 30 studies were eligible for quantitative analysis including 20 studies on domestic cats and 10 studies on wild felids. The overall prevalence of neosporosis infection in cats was 15% (95% CI 10–21%) that was significantly higher in wild felids (26%, 95% CI 13–38%) than in domestic cats (11%, 95% CI 6–16%) (<i>P</i> = 0.03). There was no significant difference in pooled prevalence between male and female domestic cats (<i>P</i> = 0.75). Regarding continent, the lowest prevalence of neosporosis infection was in Asia (9%, 95% CI 1–20%) and the highest was in North America (43.6%, 95% CI 33.9–53.2%) and Africa (18%, 95% CI 9–46%). Higher prevalence was obtained when using the NAT with 22% (95% CI 7–37%), compared to the IFAT (17%, 95% CI 9–24%) and ELISA (6%, 95% CI 2–9%) (<i>P</i> = 0.01).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings highlighted the importance of felids as potential intermediate hosts of neosporosis despite the fact that the source of the parasite for these animals was unknown. Further studies should be performed to investigate the role of this top predator (felids) in maintaining both domestic and sylvatic cycles of <i>Neospora caninum.</i></p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"68 1","pages":"266 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9110562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomphalaria straminea as an Intermediate Host of a Renal Trematode Species of the Genus Tanaisia (Trematoda: Eucotylidae) in Brazil","authors":"Jordana C. A. Assis,&nbsp;Hudson A. Pinto","doi":"10.1007/s11686-023-00660-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-023-00660-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Eucotylid trematodes are parasites of the urinary system of birds with a cosmopolitan distribution. Despite the importance of these flukes, fundamental aspects of their biology, such as intermediate hosts and larval morphology, are poorly known. Herein, the potential involvement of aquatic mollusks in the transmission of a species of <i>Tanaisia</i> is reported for the first time.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>During the search of non-emergent larval stages of trematodes in mollusks collected from an urban waterbody from Brazil in February of 2021, 1 out of 18 specimens (5.5%) of <i>Biomphalaria straminea</i> was found harboring sporocysts, cercariae and encysted metacercariae morphologically compatible with those described for eucotylid species. Sequences generated for 28S, ITS-2, and <i>cox</i>1 molecular markers were compared with sequences available in GenBank and subjected to phylogenetic analyses.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Molecular analyses revealed parasite affiliation with members of the genus <i>Tanaisia,</i> given it groped in a strongly supported clade with species of this genus included in the 28S phylogenetic tree. The larvae tentatively identified as <i>Tanaisia</i> sp. can be conspecific with an unpublished isolate of <i>Tanaisia valida</i> found in birds in South Brazil (100% similarity in 28S and ITS-2).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><i>Biomphalaria straminea</i> is reported as a natural host of a species of <i>Tanaisia</i> for the first time. This finding highlights the possibility, so far unknown, of transmission of species of the family Eucotylidae in aquatic environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"68 1","pages":"282 - 287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9164793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two New Species of Annulotrema (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) Gill Parasites of Brycinus macrolepidotus Valenciennes, 1849 from Nyong River, Cameroon","authors":"Ivan Ndongo,&nbsp;John Francis Akoumba,&nbsp;Jeannette Tombi,&nbsp;Serge Morand,&nbsp;Abraham Fomena","doi":"10.1007/s11686-022-00645-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-022-00645-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Research on gill monogeneans of Characiform has made it possible to find two new species belonging to the genus <i>Annulotrema</i>. The purpose of this paper is to carry out their morphological description.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Specimens of <i>Brycinus macrolepidotus</i> were captured in the Nyong River at Akonolinga. Each monogenean was mounted between slide and cover slip in a drop of glycerin ammonium picrate mixture. The sclerotized parts of their haptor and reproductive organs were then drawn and measured.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Two new species of <i>Annulotrema</i> were described. <i>Annulotrema ngombiensis</i> n. sp. is morphologically close to <i>Annulotrema tenuicirra</i> Paperna, 1973 and <i>Annulotrema pikei</i> Price, Peebles and Bamford, 1969. However, the new species differs from these other two mainly by the characteristic well-marked terminal cap and the tubiform prostatic reservoir of the accessory part of its MCO, as well as by its dorsal bar with a characteristic triangular piece in the middle of the fork and its ventral bar without filaments. <i>Annulotrema nkengfacki</i> n. sp. is distinguished from all other species previously described as well as from its closest congeners, <i>Annulotrema helicocirra</i> Paperna, 1973 and <i>Annulotrema bouixi</i> Birgi, 1988 by the structure of its MCO whose accessory part is composed of a trapezoid structure surmounted by another which is forked-shaped and by its arched-shaped ventral bar with an inner lining.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><i>Brycinus macrolepidotus</i> from Cameroon can harbour two species of <i>Annulotrema</i>, both described in the current study. This result contributes to the knowledge of the species diversity of this genus in the Nyong Basin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"68 1","pages":"257 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9109635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Larval Digenean Parasitizing Amphibian Hosts from the Argentinian Chaco Region","authors":"M. I. Hamann,&nbsp;M. V. Fernández,&nbsp;C. E. González","doi":"10.1007/s11686-022-00650-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-022-00650-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The diversity of larval digenetic trematodes can provide information on one or more intermediate hosts prior to maturation into the definitive host; on host activity and distribution; and in some cases, on environmental perturbations. In this context, the goal of the present study was to analyse the trematode larvae found in adult amphibians collected from the Argentinian Chaco Region. Few studies have been reported on the systematics of larval digeneans in amphibians.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 167 specimens of frogs (<i>Leptodactylus macrosternum</i>, <i>Leptodactylus latinasus</i>, <i>Lepidobatrachus laevis</i>, <i>Lepidobatrachus llanensis</i> and <i>Lysapsus limellum</i>) and toads (<i>Rhinella bergi</i>) were examined for larval digeneans. Frogs and toads were collected in two Argentinian ecoregions (Dry Chaco and Humid Chaco); between June 2002 and December 2019. Morphology of each taxon was studied in detail using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Fourteen different taxa of the families Diplostomidae (Alariinae gen sp., <i>Didelphodiplostomum</i> sp., <i>Pharingostomoides</i> sp. and <i>Tylodelphys</i> sp.), Proterodiplostomidae (<i>Heterodiplostomum lanceolatum</i>), and Strigeidae (<i>Strigea</i> spp.) were found infecting the body cavity, mesentery, muscle, fluid in the spinal cord canal, and cranial cavity of amphibians. All species are described and illustrated, and their life cycles are briefly discussed.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These infections provide new information on the morphology, morphometry, and composition of the diversity of mesocercariae and metacercariae in amphibians, thus contributing to the knowledge of potential intermediate hosts. In addition, our results serve as an indicator of parasite and host biodiversity in different ecoregions of the Gran Chaco.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"68 1","pages":"194 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9109149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Isospora (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the Dark-Eyed Junco, Junco hyemalis (L.) (Passeriformes: Passerellidae), in West-Central Arkansas, USA","authors":"Chris T. McAllister,&nbsp;John A. Hnida","doi":"10.1007/s11686-022-00649-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-022-00649-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Many passeriform birds are excellent hosts of coccidian parasites but little is known of the coccidians infecting members of the family Passerellidae, particularly from the dark-eyed junco, <i>Junco hyemalis</i> (Linnaeus, 1758). Here, we report from morphometric and mensural data a new species of <i>Isospora</i> from <i>J. hyemalis</i> in Arkansas, USA.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>During November 2020, seven adult <i>J. hyemalis</i> were taken with a mist net from Polk County, Arkansas, USA, and their faecal samples examined for coccidian parasites. Samples were placed in individual vials containing aqueous potassium dichromate. They were examined for coccidia after flotation in Sheather’s sugar solution, measured, and photographed.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A single <i>J. hyemalis</i> (14%) was found to be passing a new species of <i>Isospora</i>. Oöcysts of <i>Isospora pittmani</i> n. sp. were spheroidal to subspheroidal with a smooth bi-layered wall, measured (L × W) 24.8 × 23.8 µm, and had a length/width (L/W) ratio of 1.04; a micropyle and oöcyst residuum was absent but typically one to up to four polar granule(s) was present. Sporocysts are ovoidal to ellipsoidal and measured 15.0 × 10.0 µm, L/W 1.5; a flattened Stieda body was present as well as a barely discernible sub-Stieda body but para-Stieda bodies were absent. The sporocyst residuum was composed of various-sized granules dispersed between and across the sporozoites. A spheroidal to ellipsoidal posterior refractile body and spheroidal anterior refractile body occasionally seen, but a nucleus was not observed. Only two previous isosporans have been reported from passerellid birds and the new species can readily be distinguished from them.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This is the first coccidian reported from <i>J. hyemalis</i> and, more importantly, the first isosporan known from any member of the family Passerellidae in North America.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"68 1","pages":"208 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9109150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Inhibitory Effects and Bioinformatic Analysis of Norfloxacin and Ofloxacin on Piroplasm","authors":"Mohamed Abdo Rizk,&nbsp;Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed,&nbsp;Ikuo Igarashi","doi":"10.1007/s11686-022-00648-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-022-00648-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The <i>in vitro</i> inhibitory effect of two fluroquinolone antibiotics, norfloxacin and ofloxacin, was evaluated in this study on the growth of several <i>Babesia</i> and <i>Theileria</i> parasites with highlighting the bioinformatic analysis for both drugs with the commonly used antibabesial drug, diminazene aceturate (DA), and the recently identified antibabesial drugs, luteolin, and pyronaridine tetraphosphate (PYR).</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The antipiroplasm efficacy of screened fluroquinolones <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> was assessed using a fluorescence-based SYBR Green I assay. Using atom Pair signatures, we investigated the structural similarity between fluroquinolones and the antibabesial drugs.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Both fluroquinolones significantly inhibited (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) the <i>in vitro</i> growths of <i>Babesia bovis (B. bovis), B. bigemina, B. caballi</i>, and <i>Theileria equi (T. equi)</i> in a dose-dependent manner. The best inhibitory effect for both drugs was observed on the growth of <i>T. equi</i>. Atom Pair fingerprints (APfp) results and AP Tanimoto values revealed that both fluroquinolones, norfloxacin with luteolin, and ofloxacin with PYR, showed the maximum structural similarity (MSS). Two drug interactions findings confirmed the synergetic interaction between these combination therapies against the <i>in vitro</i> growth of <i>B. bovis</i> and <i>T. equi</i>.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study helped in discovery novel potent antibabesial combination therapies consist of norfloxacin/ofloxacin, norfloxacin/luteolin, and ofloxacin/PYR.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"68 1","pages":"213 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9110729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant Mouse Prolactin Confers Partial Protection Against Toxoplasma gondii Infection in a Pre-treated Experimental Murine Model","authors":"Amany F. Atia,&nbsp;Engy V. N. Beshay,&nbsp;Samar K. Fath-Allah,&nbsp;Dina Sweed,&nbsp;Samar A. El-Refai","doi":"10.1007/s11686-022-00651-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-022-00651-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Toxoplasmosis is one of the most important health-threatening diseases with worldwide distribution and global impact. It is caused by <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (<i>T. gondii</i>), an intracellular apicomplexan parasite that can evade the host immune responses and establish a chronic infection. The available treatments are not efficient against this stage and have many adverse effects. There are no available effective vaccines, apart from Toxovax^®, which is used in sheep to prevent abortion. Studies documented that prolactin (PRL) had <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> anti-<i>Toxoplasma</i> effects. Detailed research was recommended about the mechanisms of such inhibitory effects.</p><h3>Aim</h3><p>This study was designed to assess the possible protective role of the recombinant prolactin (rPRL) against <i>T. gondii</i>.</p><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>Sixty experimentally infected mice with <i>T. gondii</i> were used. The treated mice received rPRL for five days before infection. Serum prolactin levels were measured; survival rate was monitored; number, size, and DNA of <i>T. gondii</i> cysts in the brain were measured; and histopathological and immunological studies were done.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>There was a significant increase in the survival rate of the rPRL-treated mice, a significant decrease in the number, size, and DNA amount of <i>T. gondii</i> cysts in the brain with a noticeable improvement of histopathological lesions in the brain and liver tissues when compared to the infected untreated group. These effects seem to be achieved through stimulating humoral and cell-mediated immune responses that were evident by the significant rise in serum levels of anti-<i>Toxoplasma</i> IgM, IFN-γ, and TNF-α.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The rPRL elicited robust immune responses, which provided efficient protection against murine <i>T. gondii</i> infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"68 1","pages":"182 - 193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9115914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Hemorrhagic Anemia Caused by Hookworm Infection: A Case Report","authors":"Baisheng Li,&nbsp;Shihong Chen,&nbsp;Xiangming Cui,&nbsp;Ming Dai,&nbsp;Wenying Meng,&nbsp;Qiong Wu,&nbsp;Huiming Sheng","doi":"10.1007/s11686-022-00653-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-022-00653-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Hookworm infection is one of the causes of long-term chronic hemorrhagic anemia in patients. This article reports a case of chronic severe anemia caused by hookworm infection.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The capsule endoscopy showed that there were a large number of hookworms in the small intestine of a patient. At the same time, using the technique of saturated brine floatation and the automatic stool analyzer, hookworm eggs were detected.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The patient’s anemia was caused by hookworm infection and was significantly improved after anti-hookworm treatment.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Hookworm infection cannot be ignored in the differential diagnosis of patients with chronic anemia. Capsule endoscopy combined with stool detection haves an important clinical value for the diagnosis of hookworm disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"68 1","pages":"288 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9164249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Infection of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in Bandicota bengalensis Inhabiting Commensal Areas of Punjab, India: Prevalence, Risk Factor Analysis, Molecular Identification and Phylogenesis","authors":"Shivani Rara,&nbsp;Neena Singla,&nbsp;Sukhmanpreet Kaur Brar,&nbsp;Dimple Mandla,&nbsp;Lachhman Das Singla","doi":"10.1007/s11686-022-00652-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-022-00652-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The present study aimed to record the prevalence, risk factors, molecular identification, and phylogeny of <i>Nippostrongylus brasiliensis</i> found in the small intestine of the lesser bandicoot rat, <i>Bandicota bengalensis,</i> a wild rodent species.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 100 bandicoot rats live trapped at two commensal urban locations (50 each), i.e., a fish market and railway station, in Ludhiana, Punjab State (India), from November 2020 to October 2021, were analysed for the presence of <i>N. brasiliensis,</i> a nematode parasite of zoonotic importance.</p><h3>Result</h3><p>Overall, the small intestine of 43.00% of the rats was found severely infected with bright red coloured adult <i>N. brasiliensis</i> of both sexes (total of 1439 specimens). Faecal samples contained ellipsoidal and thin-shelled eggs measuring 62.25–74.70 m in length and 33.20–37.35 m in breadth. No significant (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05) effect of host age, sex, or season was observed on the rate of infection. The parasite intensity and mean abundance ranged from 27.68–38.04 and 10.52–18.26, respectively, indicating a high risk of disease transmission. Based on the morphology, the nematode parasite was identified as <i>Nippostrongylus</i> sp. Molecular identification was confirmed through PCR amplification of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene, which showed a single band of approximately 355 bp. A comparison of the present isolate with the available sequences of <i>Nippostrongylus</i> species across the globe showed 100% nucleotide homology with <i>N. brasiliensis</i> sequences available in GenBank from Japan (AP017690), the USA (U57035), and New Zealand (NC033886).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study indicates that <i>B. bengalensis</i> inhabiting commensal urban areas is a reservoir host for <i>N. brasiliensis,</i> which if transmitted to humans and animals visiting the area may pose a potential health risk. The study thus suggests proper rodent population management close to human habitations to avoid the transmission of disease-causing agents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"68 1","pages":"172 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9110717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description and Phylogenetic Relationships of Anhingatrema n. gen. (Digenea: Diplostomidae) with Two New Species from New World Anhingas (Aves: Anhingidae)","authors":"Tyler J. Achatz,&nbsp;Clara A. Burkman,&nbsp;Alan Fecchio,&nbsp;Eric E. Pulis,&nbsp;Vasyl V. Tkach","doi":"10.1007/s11686-022-00643-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-022-00643-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The Diplostomidae is a globally distributed family of digeneans that parasitize a wide variety of tetrapod definitive hosts. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have revealed unknown diplostomid diversity in avian hosts throughout the New World. Herein, we provide descriptions of a novel genus of diplostomids with two new species.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Two species of diplostomids belonging to the new genus were collected from anhinga birds in Mississippi (USA) and Brazil. Partial nuclear 28S ribosomal and mitochondrial <i>cox</i>1 genes were sequenced. Ribosomal data were used for phylogenetic inference.\u0000</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Both species of <i>Anhingatrema</i> n. gen. were positioned in a 100% supported, monophyletic clade in the phylogenetic tree. The molecular phylogenetic position and a combination of morphological features (e.g., presence of pseudosuckers, testes shape and orientation) supported erection of the new genus. <i>Anhingatrema overstreeti</i> n. sp. and <i>Anhingatrema cararai</i> n. sp. are morphologically similar, but differ in size of and ratios associated with pseudosuckers. The two species differ by 2% of 28S sequences and 13.8% of <i>cox</i>1 sequences. Comparison of DNA sequences revealed that Diplostomidae gen. sp. in GenBank (MZ314151) is conspecific with <i>An. overstreeti</i> n. sp.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><i>Anhingatrema</i> n. gen. is the sixth genus of diplostomids known from anhingas worldwide. <i>Anhingatrema cararai</i> n. sp. is the first diplostomid to be reported from anhingas in South America. Combined with previous studies, the molecular phylogenies revealed at least two host switches to anhingas from other birds during the evolutionary history of the Diplostomidae.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"68 1","pages":"159 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9103019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}