Materials and Structures最新文献_第10页

Recommendation of RILEM TC 281-CCC: RILEM CPC-18R1—guideline for measuring the carbonation depth of hardened concrete using a pH indicator solution RILEM TC 281-CCC建议：RILEM cpc - 18r1 -使用pH指示剂溶液测量硬化混凝土碳化深度的指南

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-026-02966-0

Susan A. Bernal, Ueli M. Angst, John L. Provis, Charlotte Thiel, Gregor J. G. Gluth, Yury Villagran-Zaccardi, Nele De Belie

{"title":"Recommendation of RILEM TC 281-CCC: RILEM CPC-18R1—guideline for measuring the carbonation depth of hardened concrete using a pH indicator solution","authors":"Susan A. Bernal, Ueli M. Angst, John L. Provis, Charlotte Thiel, Gregor J. G. Gluth, Yury Villagran-Zaccardi, Nele De Belie","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-02966-0","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-02966-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This recommendation provides a procedure for determining the carbonation depth on the surface of concrete by applying a pH indicator. This includes definitions of carbonation, carbonation depth and carbonation front, as well as descriptions of the different pH indicator solutions that can be used. Recommendations for testing laboratory-prepared specimens and those obtained from concrete structures are also given. This involves guidelines for sample preparation and/or extraction, CO<sub>2</sub> exposure duration, carbonation depth determination and reporting of results. A section on data interpretation is also provided, as carbonation results are used for determining durability of concrete, as well as a criterion for materials selection or for carbon uptake calculations. The new Recommendation CPC-18R1 is intended to supersede the former RILEM recommendation CPC-18, particularly when prescribed as the preferred method for evaluating and reporting carbonation depths.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-026-02966-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147362825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Publisher Correction: Reactivity and reaction kinetics of calcium aluminosilicate glasses 出版者更正：钙铝硅酸盐玻璃的反应活性和反应动力学

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-026-02995-9

Subhashree Panda, Luis Ruiz Pestana, Prannoy Suraneni

引用次数: 0

Nonlinear finite element modeling of RC beams strengthened with prestressed near-surface mounted (NSM) CFRP bars 预应力近表面安装CFRP筋加固RC梁的非线性有限元建模

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-026-03031-6

Abeer A. Al Dalou, Wasim S. Barham, Nasser Al-Huthaifi

{"title":"Nonlinear finite element modeling of RC beams strengthened with prestressed near-surface mounted (NSM) CFRP bars","authors":"Abeer A. Al Dalou, Wasim S. Barham, Nasser Al-Huthaifi","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03031-6","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03031-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nowadays, researchers have focused on strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) beams with prestressed fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite over the conventional non-prestressed systems. This study presents a detailed nonlinear finite element modeling (FEM) of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with prestressed near-surface mounted (NSM) carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars. The numerical models were developed using ABAQUS software, incorporating concrete damage plasticity to capture cracking, crushing, and stiffness degradation, while CFRP-bar rupture was modeled using Extended Finite Element Modeling (XFEM). The models were then validated using experimental test results published in a well-known journal. Then, the validated FEM were used in a comprehensive parametric study investigating the behavior of control, strengthened with non-prestressed and prestressed CFRP rods, demonstrating good agreement in load–deflection behavior, failure modes, and ultimate capacities. Parametric analyses were conducted to assess the effects of concrete compressive strength, steel reinforcement ratio, number of FRP rods, level of prestressing, and type of FRP rod. The findings confirm that concrete compressive strength, steel reinforcement ratio, and the number of FRP rods significantly enhanced the yield and ultimate strength. Whereas, the level of prestressing of the CFRP rod showed a significant improvement in the cracking and yield strength. The developed FEM approach provides a reliable and versatile tool for optimizing strengthening designs of RC beams using prestressed NSM CFRP bars.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147362826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermally induced moisture transport in concrete with different types of blended Portland cement studied by 1H-NMR relaxometry 采用核磁共振弛豫仪研究了不同类型硅酸盐水泥混合混凝土的热诱导水分输运

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-026-03025-4

Tim Pittrich, Simon Peters, Günther Meschke, Frank Weise, Ludwig Stelzner

{"title":"Thermally induced moisture transport in concrete with different types of blended Portland cement studied by 1H-NMR relaxometry","authors":"Tim Pittrich, Simon Peters, Günther Meschke, Frank Weise, Ludwig Stelzner","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03025-4","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03025-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Clinker-reduced cements are gaining in popularity as part of efforts to lower the construction industry’s CO<sub>2</sub> footprint. Past studies showed that utilization of these cements negatively influences the fire-induced spalling behavior of concrete, which is highly influenced by thermohydraulic damage mechanisms. Therefore, thermally induced moisture transport in normal strength concretes made with different types of blended cements (CEM I, CEM II/A-LL, CEM III/A and CEM II/B-Q) was investigated by means of <sup>1</sup>H-NMR relaxometry in combination with supportive side investigations concerning permeability and porosity. In addition, a numerical model was used to analyze in-situ moisture development during high temperature exposure. The results show that the cement type influences both initial moisture content and pore size-specific moisture distribution. This was primarily reflected in an increased water content in CEM III/A and CEM II/B-Q concretes as well as a comparable high gel pore water fraction in CEM II/B-Q concrete before heating. After heating, a similar degree of pore coarsening from gel to capillary pore was observed in all samples. Although the measurements were only conducted after, not during, high temperature exposure, the depth of the drying front and the extent of the moisture clog could be determined. With the additional numerical analysis, it can be assumed that during high temperature load, the drying front is less advanced and the moisture clog even more pronounced. In conclusion, it can be stated that the increased spalling susceptibility in blended cement concrete is caused by the lower initial permeability and increased moisture content.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-026-03025-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Publisher Correction: Viscoelastic mechanical models analysis in asphalt concrete with sintered aggregate of calcined clay 出版者更正：粘弹性力学模型分析沥青混凝土与煅烧粘土烧结骨料

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-026-03012-9

Carlos Eduardo Neves de Castro, Antonio Cleiton Lopes da Silva, Anne Karollynne Castro Monteiro, Leandro Aparecido Pocrifka, José Costa de Macêdo Neto, Consuelo Alves da Frota

引用次数: 0

Mechanical properties and micromorphology of coal gasification coarse slag based cementitious materials and mechanism of heavy metal solidification 煤气化粗渣基胶凝材料的力学性能、微观形貌及重金属凝固机理

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-026-03030-7

Lijuan Su, Bo Liang, Xiangdong Zhang, Bing Liang

{"title":"Mechanical properties and micromorphology of coal gasification coarse slag based cementitious materials and mechanism of heavy metal solidification","authors":"Lijuan Su, Bo Liang, Xiangdong Zhang, Bing Liang","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03030-7","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03030-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a novel ternary low-carbon cementitious materials (LCCMs) was prepared by using modified CGCS (Coal Gasification Coarse Slag), ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) as precursors and water glass and sodium hydroxide as alkaline exciters. The effects of CGCS dosage, water glass modulus, and alkali equivalent on the fluidity, setting time, and uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of the LCCMs were systematically studied using response surface methodology with a Box-Behnken Design (BBD). The optimal ratio was determined by regression. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) revealed the strength formation mechanism of LCCMs and the heavy metals solidification mechanism. The results showed that each factor had a significant effect on the response variables, and the interactions of some factors had a significant effect. The regression coefficients (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup>) values of all models were greater than 0.99. The optimal conditions were a LCCMs composition of 60% CGCS, 30% GGBS, and 10% MSWI FA, water glass modulus of 1.14, and alkali equivalent of 7.98%, which yielded a 28-d UCS of 26.85 MPa. The LCCMs polymerization products were mainly C-A-S-H gel. The C-A-S-H gel gradually changed from an oligomeric state to a hyperpolymeric state with the increasing curing age and finally formed a dense gel matrix structure. The leaching concentrations of various heavy metals in LCCMs met standard limits. These findings offer technical support for the utilization of CGCS and MSWI FA resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147335762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanolime dispersions as active agents in self-healing lime mortars for durable heritage preservation 纳米粒分散体在自愈石灰砂浆中的活性研究

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-026-03007-6

C. De Nardi, J. Annear, E. Gualini, S. Morrocchesi, R. Giorgi

{"title":"Nanolime dispersions as active agents in self-healing lime mortars for durable heritage preservation","authors":"C. De Nardi, J. Annear, E. Gualini, S. Morrocchesi, R. Giorgi","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03007-6","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03007-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Built heritage is facing growing exposure to diverse and severe risks as the impacts of climate change intensify. To address these challenges, historic masonry repair techniques must evolve to support more resilient and durable preservation strategies. In this context, recent advances in self-healing concrete technologies offer promising pathways to adapt and transfer these approaches to heritage conservation, particularly for lime-based materials used in historic masonry. This study investigates the potential of nanolime dispersions as self-healing agents for natural hydraulic lime (NHL) mortars, applied through vascular network systems specifically designed to be fully integrated within mortar joints while ensuring chemo-physical and mechanical compatibility with the host material. Two water–ethanol formulations (50:50 and 80:20 ratios) were evaluated for their impact on mechanical performance and physicochemical compatibility with NHL matrices. Healing efficacy and compatibility were examined using three-point bending tests, FT-IR, XRD, and SEM analyses. Although no autogenous healing was observed, the nanolime treatments achieved up to 12% strength recovery, while stiffness recovery remained negligible. Notably, this nanolime-induced healing effect persisted for up to 280 days, highlighting its long-term potential. FT-IR and XRD results indicated possible formation of C-S-H phases, and SEM imaging confirmed morphological compatibility with the NHL matrix. Overall, the findings support the application of nanolime dispersions as a viable agent of self-healing strategies for the durable and compatible repair of lime-based heritage mortars.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-026-03007-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147335763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved freeze–thaw resistance and mechanical properties of engineered geopolymer composites with silica fume 硅粉提高工程地聚合物复合材料的抗冻融性能和力学性能

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2026-02-28 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-026-03028-1

Yan Liu, Jinzhu Zhang, Yucheng Fan, Chen Ge, Chuang Feng

{"title":"Improved freeze–thaw resistance and mechanical properties of engineered geopolymer composites with silica fume","authors":"Yan Liu, Jinzhu Zhang, Yucheng Fan, Chen Ge, Chuang Feng","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03028-1","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03028-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Freeze–thaw cycles, which are prevalent in cold and high-latitude regions, pose a significant challenge to the durability of cement-based materials. Engineered geopolymer composites (EGC) have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional cement-based materials in freeze–thaw environments due to their excellent mechanical properties and environmental benefits. In this study, EGC with different silica fume (SF) contents are prepared to investigate the influence of SF on mechanical performance and freeze–thaw resistance. The results show that incorporating 5 wt% SF significantly improves the mechanical properties of EGC, achieving a compressive strength of 52.9 MPa and a tensile strain of 7.24%. After 150 freeze–thaw cycles, the sample containing 5 wt% SF shows the lowest mass loss and a favorable distribution of multiple microcracks, indicating superior freeze–thaw resistance. MIP analysis reveals that adding 5 wt% SF reduces total porosity from 42.9 to 37.8% and shifts the peak pore size from 13 to 9 nm, resulting in a denser matrix. However, excessive SF content increases porosity and leads to a decline in mechanical properties. This study aims to improve the durability and mechanical strength of EGC with optimal SF content and revealed mechanisms that underpin the observations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147342407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on performance improvement of solvent asphalt based on microbial digestion 基于微生物消化的溶剂沥青性能改善研究

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2026-02-28 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-026-03017-4

Ying Wang, Junyan Yi, Claudio Lantieri, Ang Li, Zhongshi Pei, Riccardo Ceriani, Xinman Ai, Ke Xu, Decheng Feng

{"title":"Study on performance improvement of solvent asphalt based on microbial digestion","authors":"Ying Wang, Junyan Yi, Claudio Lantieri, Ang Li, Zhongshi Pei, Riccardo Ceriani, Xinman Ai, Ke Xu, Decheng Feng","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03017-4","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03017-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solvent-based cold-mix asphalt features low energy consumption and reduced emissions but suffers from insufficient early-age stiffness due to slow solvent volatilization. This study proposes a biological enhancement strategy in which a hydrocarbon-degrading strain (Acinetobacter halotolerans) is applied to the binder surface to accelerate the removal of light hydrocarbons. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis shows that the microorganisms selectively digest C<sub>6</sub>–C<sub>9</sub> hydrocarbons, significantly reducing the total solvent content, with enhanced efficiency when glucose is supplied as a co-substrate. Rheological measurements confirm that microbial digestion markedly accelerates stiffness development and improves high-temperature deformation resistance during curing. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) further indicates an increase in oxygenated functional groups, consistent with a compositional shift toward heavier fractions after microbial action. Minor softening effects from microbial metabolites were observed, but their influence on the overall mechanical response is limited. These findings demonstrate a sustainable and effective bio-assisted pathway to enhance the early-age performance of solvent-based cold-mix asphalt.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147342419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alkali release from two alkali releasing aggregates during the RILEM AAR-8 test method: effect of aggregate grading, filler properties and mineralogy RILEM AAR-8试验方法中两种碱释放骨料的碱释放：骨料级配、填料性能和矿物学的影响

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2026-02-28 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-026-03021-8

Tobias Danner, Carla Daut, Jan Lindgård, Harald Justnes, Barbara Lothenbach, Petter Hemstad, Marit K. Haugen, Bård M. Pedersen, Stian Bakken, Terje F. Rønning, Børge J. Wigum, Klaartje De Weerdt

{"title":"Alkali release from two alkali releasing aggregates during the RILEM AAR-8 test method: effect of aggregate grading, filler properties and mineralogy","authors":"Tobias Danner, Carla Daut, Jan Lindgård, Harald Justnes, Barbara Lothenbach, Petter Hemstad, Marit K. Haugen, Bård M. Pedersen, Stian Bakken, Terje F. Rønning, Børge J. Wigum, Klaartje De Weerdt","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03021-8","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03021-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alkali-silica reaction is a major durability issue of concrete structures in many countries. The main drivers considered for reaction are the aggregate type, moisture, and alkalis from the binder. However, it has been shown that aggregates themselves can also contribute to the free alkalis in pore solution of concrete. To account for that in standards, the real alkali contribution from aggregates needs to be understood. This investigation covers the alkali release from one Norwegian “low releasing” aggregate and one Canadian “high releasing” aggregate in alkaline solution according to the RILEM AAR-8 method. Besides the entire sample (0–4 mm), different single fractions, grading curves of filler and varying solid/liquid ratio were investigated. Fineness of particles and the specific surface area is shown to be the dominant factor for alkali release. The mineralogical composition played a minor role in the investigated aggregates. When summing up the measured alkali release from the four single fractions (2–4, 0.5–1, 0.125–0.25 and < 0.125 mm), the values were in all cases (both aggregates and cations) considerably higher than the measured alkali release from the created “SUM” sample comprising the same fractions and the entire AAR-8 sample. Increasing the amount of filler fines four-fold in the same amount in solution, led to approx. a doubling of the alkali released. Depletion of the added Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> in the alkaline solution is suggested as a potential explanation for the limited alkali release.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-026-03021-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147342406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0