Materials and Structures最新文献

{"title":"Compressive capacity of hollow glued bamboo scrimber columns: experimental and numerical analysis of construction measure effects","authors":"Xian Yu,&nbsp;Gang Yao,&nbsp;Yang Yang,&nbsp;Lin Guo","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03126-0","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03126-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hollow Glued Bamboo Scrimber (HGBS) columns can enhance load-bearing capacity while improving material use efficiency by increasing the cross-sectional area. The connection detailing is crucial for ensuring structural reliability. To systematically evaluate the influence of three key construction measures—adhesive type (PUR adhesive vs. 101 adhesive), nail connections, and stiffeners—on the axial compression performance of HGBS columns, this study designed 10 groups totaling 20 specimens for axial compression tests. The research characterized the failure mechanisms, elastic modulus, yield load, ultimate bearing capacity, ductility index, and strain distribution patterns. A comparative analysis revealed the influence of different construction measures on strength and ductility. The results indicate that specimens bonded with PUR adhesive exhibited a higher compressive bearing capacity than those bonded with 101 adhesive, but the latter group demonstrated better ductility. Under the same adhesive conditions, the compressive bearing capacity of specimens with nail connections decreased by approximately 17% compared to specimens without nails. The stiffener configuration contributed to some improvement in both compressive bearing capacity and ductility. Based on a finite element model validated against experimental results, a parameter analysis involving different column lengths and plate thicknesses was conducted, leading to the proposal of modification factors for different connection methods. This study breaks through the assumption of material homogeneity and establishes an axial compression bearing capacity model for HGBS columns that considers the effects of discontinuous construction details.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the long-term corrosion behavior and inhibition mechanisms of calcium nitrite and N,N-dimethylethanolamine in reinforced concrete under chloride exposure","authors":"Mengzhu Chen,&nbsp;Chao Xu,&nbsp;Tingyu Hao,&nbsp;Bo Ran,&nbsp;Kefei Li,&nbsp;Linwen Yu","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03119-z","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03119-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To improve the durability of reinforced concrete in chloride-rich environments, the corrosion inhibition performance and mechanisms of N,N-dimethylethanolamine (DMEA) and calcium nitrite (CN) were systematically investigated. Their effectiveness was evaluated in simulated concrete pore (SCP) solutions and in reinforced concrete specimens subjected to laboratory wet–dry cycles and marine splash zone exposure. Electrochemical measurements demonstrated that both inhibitors delayed chloride-induced de-passivation of steel, increased the critical chloride threshold, and enhanced passive film stability. Optimal dosages were identified as 1.5 wt% for DMEA and 3.0 wt% for CN. These dosages increased the charge-transfer resistance (<i>R</i>_ct) from 8.34 × 10³ Ω·cm² (control) to 2.49 × 10⁶ and 3.08 × 10⁶ Ω·cm², respectively, achieving high corrosion inhibition efficiencies of approximately 99.7%. Furthermore, the critical chloride threshold was increased from 0.17 to 0.34 M for 1.5% DMEA and 1.44 M for 3.0% CN, representing improvements of 1.0 and 7.4 times relative to the control. Surface analyses revealed that DMEA forms a thin, hydroxyl-rich organic layer through surface adsorption, whereas CN promotes the development of a dense, oxide-enriched passive film. Quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations further elucidated their distinct inhibition mechanisms: DMEA strongly adsorbs via hydroxyl coordination, forming a physical barrier, while CN facilitates Fe²⁺ oxidation to Fe³⁺, thereby stabilizing the passive film. These findings advance the understanding of organic and inorganic corrosion inhibitors in reinforced concrete and provide both theoretical and experimental support for their rational application in aggressive environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of ornamental rock sludge and calcium carbonate sludge in the production of limestone calcined clay cement","authors":"Francisco Roger Carneiro Ribeiro,&nbsp;Ivo de Castro Carvalho,&nbsp;Lucas Goldenberg Py,&nbsp;Regina Célia Espinosa Modolo,&nbsp;Ana Paula Kirchheim","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03039-y","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03039-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to evaluate the use of sludge from the processing of ornamental rocks and calcium carbonate sludge as filler, replacing limestone up to 15%, in limestone calcined clay cement (LC³), to minimize the extraction of non-renewable natural resources and the environmental impacts caused by the incorrect disposal of these industrial solid wastes. For this purpose, isothermal calorimetry, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, rotational rheometry, compressive strength, and environmental analyses were performed on cement pastes. The results showed that the waste did not affect the hydration process, behaving similarly to limestone with a filler effect. There is greater formation of monocarboaluminate after 1 day in formulations with CCS, due to the greater availability of carbonates resulting from their higher purity. The yield stress and viscosity of the pastes decreased progressively with increasing substitution levels up to 10%. Regarding the microstructure, all pastes presented similar compact matrices and porosity. Compressive strength was altered due to the physical characteristics of the filler materials. The reductions in ECO_2eq. and embodied energy was substantial, indicating greater material potential than OPC. Therefore, the feasibility of reusing the above waste materials is satisfactory, contributing to the production of more sustainable binders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-026-03039-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic bio-calcification: dual bacterial strains for deep crack repair and permeability reduction in concrete","authors":"Qi Fan,&nbsp;Liang Fan,&nbsp;Wai-Meng Quach,&nbsp;Jizhou Duan","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03115-3","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03115-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation is limited by the surface carbonate accumulation during concrete crack repair, and its long-term sealing performance requires improvement. The present study aimed to enhance the repair depth, bond strength, and volume stability by using a combined culture of urea-hydrolytic and carbon-fixing bacteria. The optimum volume ratio of the mixed bacterial solutions was determined to be 6:4 between the urea-hydrolyzing bacteria (<i>Sporosarcina pasteurii</i> ATCC 11859) and carbon-fixing bacteria (<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> CMCC 63501), based on the maximum precipitation rate and first-order rate coefficient. The repair quality of the mixed bacterial solution was enhanced with a permeability coefficient reduced by 99.6%. Moreover, the median deposition depth increased from 1.75 cm in the urea hydrolytic bacteria group to 2.8 cm in the mixed bacteria group. Meanwhile, the precipitation induced by the mixed bacteria showed an improved bond strength, attributed to a shift in crystal form from vaterite-dominated to calcite-dominated. The sustained carbonate ion supply by carbon fixing bacteria promoted the vaterite-to-calcite transformation, yielding denser precipitation and superior volume stability under wet–dry cycling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of C-(A)-S-H nanostructure on viscoelasticity","authors":"William A. Hunnicutt,&nbsp;Paramita Mondal,&nbsp;Leslie J. Struble","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03074-9","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03074-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Experiments were performed to determine nanostructure characteristics that influence viscoelastic behavior of calcium-(alumino)-silicate-hydrate (C-(A)-S-H) and elucidate viscoelastic mechanisms. C-(A)-S-H was synthesized with different nanostructures, characterized with x-ray diffraction, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and creep nanoindentation. C-(A)-S-H with different <span>(frac{textrm{Ca}}{mathrm{Si+Al}})</span> produced specimens with varying degrees of crosslinking, mean chain length, and basal spacing. Creep nanoindentation experiments indicate differences in elastic and time-dependent behavior with different nanostructures. The results support the hypothesis that micro-sliding of C-(A)-S-H sheets relative to each other at interlayer sites is a source of viscoelastic behavior. Higher bonding forces across the interlayer reduces the amount of time-dependent deformation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical properties and constitutive model of waste stone powder-incorporated alkali-activated slag concrete","authors":"Wenwei Yang,&nbsp;Jianlin Zhu,&nbsp;Tongkuai Wang,&nbsp;Jianping Yang","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03113-5","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03113-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address the resource utilization of waste stone powder (WSP) and expand its application pathways, this study focuses on the insufficiency of damage constitutive models considering damage factors in the initial loading stage and under multi-factor conditions for concrete. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of waste stone powder on the mechanical properties of alkali-activated concrete, with waste stone powder replacing slag and fine aggregate as research parameters. Through uniaxial compression tests on specimens, the variations in mechanical performance characteristics were comparatively analyzed. The results indicate that the concrete mainly exhibits typical splitting failure. As the replacement of fine aggregate with waste stone powder increases from 10 to 50%, the deformation performance of the specimens improves. The axial strain–hoop strain curves of the specimens show a bilinear variation, and the curve equations were fitted using piecewise functions, with R² values ranging between 0.927 and 0.999. For specimens with waste stone powder replacing slag, the axial peak stress fc0 decreases with increasing replacement content. In contrast, for specimens with waste stone powder replacing fine aggregate, the peak strain gradually increases with higher replacement content, and the peak stress does not show a significant reduction, although the lateral deformation performance deteriorates. The specimen with 30% waste stone powder content exhibits the highest peak stress <i>f</i>_<i>c0</i> and demonstrates the best mechanical performance compared to other specimens. Furthermore, a plastic damage constitutive model considering the plastic deformation and energy dissipation of the material was proposed, and the accuracy of the model was validated. This study provides data and theoretical foundations for promoting the practical application of alkali-activated slag concrete incorporating waste stone powder in engineering projects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive effect of sulfate carrier and triethanolamine on the sulfate balance of metakaolin blended cement","authors":"Zichen Lu,&nbsp;Zhiwei Liu,&nbsp;Liheng Zhang,&nbsp;Lingbo Wang,&nbsp;Zhenping Sun","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03112-6","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03112-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Effect of triethanolamine and sulfate carriers on sulfate balance of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and metakaolin blended cement (MKC) was investigated through calorimetry, compressive strength, XRD and pore solution analysis. Results show that anhydrite is better than hemihydrate for OPC to achieve sulfate balance with the addition of triethanolamine, while the opposite phenomenon is found for MKC. In OPC, fast dissolution of hemihydrate promotes the formation of ettringite, which in turn can consume hemihydrate rapidly and not have enough SO₄²⁻ left to passivate the hydration of aluminate-containing phase. While anhydrite can continuously supply SO₄²⁻ to maintain sulfate balance due to its low dissolution rate. In MKC, SO₄²⁻ released from hemihydrate can be adsorbed on MK’s surface instead of forming ettringite, leading MK to become another sulfate source to maintain sulfate balance after the depletion of hemihydrate. The activated MK’s dissolution by triethanolamine and slow supply of SO₄²⁻ from anhydrite benefit ettringite’s formation, leaving fewer SO₄²⁻ for adsorption, which makes anhydrite less effective than hemihydrate to maintain sulfate balance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations in conductive mortars for durable corrosion protection of reinforced concrete structures: a comprehensive review","authors":"Zicheng Huang,&nbsp;S. Ali Hadigheh,&nbsp;Yunyun Tao,&nbsp;Hamid Fatemi,&nbsp;Georgius Adam","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03107-3","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03107-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Corrosion of steel reinforcement within concrete structures can undermine their long‐term durability, spurring the development and implementation of cathodic protection (CP) systems to mitigate deterioration and extend service life. Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) has demonstrated superior long-term performance and adaptability, particularly in aggressive marine environments. Despite its advantages, ICCP implementation is constrained by several challenges related to the acidification of backfill mortar, anode degradation, and loss of interfacial bonding between the mortar and substrate, which critically affect its service life and effectiveness. However, existing studies have predominantly focused on anode materials and system configurations, while the role and optimisation of anode backfill mortars remain comparatively underexplored. The apparent absence of specific guidelines concerning anode backfill mortar also creates uncertainty in design and implementation. Furthermore, a comprehensive understanding of how conductive mortar compositions influence the electrochemical performance and durability of ICCP systems is still lacking. These limitations demand a deeper investigation into the backfill mortar material properties. Therefore, this study first examines the integration of ionic and electronic conductive mortars in ICCP systems. Various additives, such as carbon-based materials, ion exchange resins, and layered double hydroxides, are incorporated to enhance ICCP performance by improving mechanical, conductivity, and durability properties. This review then further examines the practical applications of the mortars, highlighting how innovative design in conductive mortar formulations can substantially improve ICCP system efficiency. Future research directions are proposed, focusing on optimising additive compositions, incorporating advanced nano-structured materials, and leveraging innovative fabrication methods to enhance mortar performance. Furthermore, strategies to improve the durability and long-term reliability of ICCP systems are discussed. These insights emphasise the need for standardisation to support the continued advancement of ICCP technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-026-03107-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic mechanical properties and numerical research of concrete under different cooling methods after high temperature","authors":"Jun Zhang,&nbsp;Linsong Shen,&nbsp;Shuai Peng,&nbsp;Zhenpeng Yu,&nbsp;Xingfei Yan,&nbsp;Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Zili Dai,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Du","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03104-6","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03104-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The high temperature from the fire can significantly deteriorate the mechanical properties of concrete, and the cooling process after extinguishing the fire will further change the internal crack evolution and dynamic response of the concrete. Therefore, understanding the dynamic response of concrete after high temperature is crucial for evaluating and analyzing the safety of concrete structures after a fire. This paper takes ordinary concrete as the research object and uses two cooling methods after high temperature: natural cooling and water immersion cooling. Static tensile tests, separated Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) dynamic tensile tests, and numerical simulation studies are carried out. The coupled influence of temperature, cooling method, and strain rate on the dynamic splitting tensile performance of concrete is systematically analyzed. The results show that as the temperature increases, the dynamic tensile strength and elastic modulus of concrete generally decrease. When the strain rate is 3.5 s⁻¹, the dynamic tensile strength decreases from 9.54 MPa at room temperature to 3.85 and 4.23 MPa after 600 ℃. Under the same temperature and cooling method conditions, as the strain rate increases, the dynamic tensile strength of concrete significantly increases, and the rate effect is more obvious as the temperature increases. The cooling method has a significant impact on the strength degradation pattern. The maximum increase in dynamic tensile strength of concrete can reach 2.33 times. At 600 ℃, the dynamic tensile strength of the water immersion cooling specimens is slightly higher than that of the air cooling specimens. The numerical simulation results show that the modified K&amp;C model can better reflect the dynamic tensile failure mode and stress–strain response of concrete after high temperature, with the peak stress and peak strain errors controlled within 5%. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the numerical calculation and safety assessment of fire-resistant concrete structures subjected to strong dynamic loads.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in mitigating oxidative ageing in bitumen using zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDC) as antioxidant: evidence from phase 2B of a global interlaboratory investigation","authors":"Yongping Hu,&nbsp;Georgios Pipintakos,&nbsp;Antonio Roberto,&nbsp;Dheeraj Adwani,&nbsp;Sophie Stüwe,&nbsp;Johannes Mirwald,&nbsp;Yudi Wang,&nbsp;Ramez Hajj,&nbsp;Justine Cantot,&nbsp;Emmanuel Chailleux,&nbsp;Xu Yin,&nbsp;Meng Guo,&nbsp;Lina M. Chilito,&nbsp;Silvia Caro,&nbsp;Wei Si,&nbsp;Shi Xu,&nbsp;Nikhil Saboo,&nbsp;Muskan Verma,&nbsp;Gordon D. Airey,&nbsp;Amit Bhasin,&nbsp;Anand Sreeram","doi":"10.1617/s11527-026-03114-4","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-026-03114-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of antioxidants presents a promising strategy to slow oxidation of bitumen, thereby enhancing the durability of asphalt pavements. While previous interlaboratory collaborative efforts have established first evidence that antioxidants such as Zinc Diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDC) can mitigate bitumen oxidation, an in-depth evaluation is needed to solidify the findings. This study offers a systematic assessment of internationally coordinated efforts in advancing bitumen antioxidation research. ZDC was incorporated at dosages of 3% and 5% using different bitumen samples from diverse geographical regions. High-temperature performance grading, multiple stress creep recovery, frequency sweep, and bending beam rheometer tests were conducted. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the significance of ZDC’s effects. On average, the addition of ZDC increased the nonrecoverable compliance by 0.37 kPa⁻¹ at the dosage of 3% and 0.15 kPa⁻¹ at 5%, but this effect was statistically insignificant. The addition of ZDC mitigated the hardening and relaxation deterioration simultaneously, thereby improving bitumen’s low-temperature performance. Furthermore, ZDC significantly reduced the Glover-Rowe (G-R) parameter, which is associated with extended service life of asphalt pavements. The average ageing index (based on the G-R parameter) of bitumen modified with 3% ZDC was reduced to 36% of that of the unmodified bitumen and further decreased to 30% at a 5% dosage. Beyond this study, it is suggested to investigate the blending temperature, antioxidation mechanism, extended ageing, mixture performance and environmental impact of antioxidants in future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-026-03114-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}