Materials and Structures最新文献

Quantitative evaluation of crack size effect on concrete deterioration induced by alkali-silica reaction: an experimental and numerical study

IF 3.4 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02618-9

Xi Ji, Hyo Eun Joo, Yuya Takahashi

{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of crack size effect on concrete deterioration induced by alkali-silica reaction: an experimental and numerical study","authors":"Xi Ji, Hyo Eun Joo, Yuya Takahashi","doi":"10.1617/s11527-025-02618-9","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-025-02618-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quantitative correlations between mechanical degradation, expansion, and crack size distribution have not been identified in previous research on concrete degradation caused by alkali-silica reaction (ASR), limiting the accuracy of numerical modeling for ASR-induced damage. To fill this gap, this study introduces an experimental framework to concurrently monitor mechanical properties, expansion, and crack patterns in four groups of specimens with varying reactive aggregate sizes, during ASR progression. Following continuous expansion measurement under ASR acceleration, each specimen was sliced at different expansion levels. Compression tests and crack observations were conducted on separate portions of the same specimen. To enhance crack pattern visualization, fluorescent resin was applied, and images were captured under ultraviolet light. Utilizing image analysis, the length and width distributions of cracks were quantified, and the size distributions were further converted into <span>(MACRO-crack ratio)</span> for each specimen. Correlating this ratio with expansion revealed a more consistent decline in compressive strength across groups than evaluation based solely on expansion. The integration of <span>(MACRO-crack ratio)</span> into an ASR simulation model significantly enhanced the accuracy of compressive strength prediction. This study proposes a quantitative evaluation method integrating crack pattern analysis with numerical simulation, promising for improved ASR assessment in engineering practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-025-02618-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on the shear multiaxial performance and meso-mechanical mechanism of concrete

IF 3.4 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02613-0

Lihong Wang, Xinjian Sun, Lei Xie, Zhenpeng Yu, Huiheng Lian, Yaojie Lian, Huihui He

{"title":"Research on the shear multiaxial performance and meso-mechanical mechanism of concrete","authors":"Lihong Wang, Xinjian Sun, Lei Xie, Zhenpeng Yu, Huiheng Lian, Yaojie Lian, Huihui He","doi":"10.1617/s11527-025-02613-0","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-025-02613-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Concrete structures are frequently subjected to multi-axial shear loading in practical engineering applications. Addressed the lack of clarity in the motivation for researching on the multi-axial mechanical properties of concrete in shear, this paper aimed to explore the shear multiaxial performance and failure mechanism of concrete by conducting composite compression-shear tests on concrete specimens with three strength grades (C30, C40 and C50) under different axial compression ratios using a compression-shear hydraulic servo machine. The test results indicate that there are significant differences in the failure behavior of concrete as the axial compression ratio increases, with both the shear strength and residual strength exhibiting an approximately linear increasing trend. Specifically, the shear strength corresponding to the three strength grades under various axial compression ratios increased by 135–343%, 147–349% and 137–351%, respectively, compared to the pure shear state. Based on such results, failure criteria for the shear strength of concrete under compression-shear action were proposed. Then, the entire crack evolution process during compression-shear was obtained using the digital image correlation (DIC) technology, and compression-shear performance of concrete was numerically simulated using the discrete element method (DEM). Finally, the compression-shear failure mechanism under different axial compression ratios was elucidated at the meso-level through analysis of the meso-mechanical behavior and crack development inside the concrete specimen. The findings of this paper provide a theoretical basis for the application of concrete materials in practical engineering.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on variable order fractional creep model and creep damage of asphalt mixtures 沥青混合料的变阶分数蠕变模型和蠕变破坏研究

IF 3.4 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02619-8

Xu Guo, Minmin Xiao, Jinchao Sha

{"title":"Study on variable order fractional creep model and creep damage of asphalt mixtures","authors":"Xu Guo, Minmin Xiao, Jinchao Sha","doi":"10.1617/s11527-025-02619-8","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-025-02619-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper establishes a variable order fractional creep model for asphalt mixtures based on rheology and fractional calculus theory and demonstrates the characterization of variable order fractional dashpot's memory effect and creep response on viscoelastic materials. Uniaxial compression creep tests at different stresses are carried out, and the variable viscoelastic mechanical properties and damage evolution of asphalt mixtures are analyzed and interpreted at a mesoscopic level. The order of the variable order fractional creep model is calculated, and the physical significance of the order and the properties of the order function are investigated in conjunction with the damage development curve. The results show that the derived variable order fractional creep model has a simple form and can accurately describe the complex three-stage creep response of asphalt mixtures. During the creep process, the model order always tends to decrease and then increase, which is similar to the development law of asphalt mixture damage, and it is speculated that the order can characterize the evolution of viscoelastic mechanical properties and damage. Normalization shows that the order curves of the three-stage creep at different stresses almost overlap and can be fitted by the quadratic function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the degradation of gypsum subjected to natural aging 石膏自然老化降解评估

IF 3.4 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02621-0

Sheila Daiane de Souza Rodrigues, José Getúlio Gomes de Sousa, Nelson Cárdenas Olivier

{"title":"Evaluation of the degradation of gypsum subjected to natural aging","authors":"Sheila Daiane de Souza Rodrigues, José Getúlio Gomes de Sousa, Nelson Cárdenas Olivier","doi":"10.1617/s11527-025-02621-0","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-025-02621-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research aims to evaluate the properties of gypsum with and without water repellent, with water/gypsum hemihydrate ratios of 0.7 and 0.9, when subjected to natural aging in both indoor and outdoor environments. For this purpose, in addition to the characterization of the materials and evaluation of the microstructure of the samples, the axial compressive strength, total immersion water absorption, mass loss, and capillary absorption of the test specimens were assessed. The properties were evaluated before aging, at zero age, and after 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months of aging. It was observed that the microstructure of the dihydrate presents interwoven prismatic needles. Furthermore, the presence of the water repellent was identified both in the matrix and on the surface of the material, even after 36 months. The test specimens of type GR9 and GH9 exhibited the lowest mechanical strengths and highest absorption, both in indoor and outdoor environments. The mass loss assessed in the material exposed to the outdoor environment increased over time, indicating material dissolution caused by leaching from rainfall. This research concluded that the water/gypsum hemihydrate ratio, the addition of water repellent, and the exposure environment directly influence the percentage of water absorption and the mass loss of the material. Moreover, gypsum exposed to outdoor environments requires greater protection through the combination of water repellent and painting systems to reduce its degradation and early performance loss, contributing to greater durability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation on performance of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete under fatigue load

IF 3.4 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02610-3

Zhennan Li, Feng Yu, Xiaoqian Dai, Aiqin Shen, Xiushan Wang

{"title":"Investigation on performance of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete under fatigue load","authors":"Zhennan Li, Feng Yu, Xiaoqian Dai, Aiqin Shen, Xiushan Wang","doi":"10.1617/s11527-025-02610-3","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-025-02610-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To investigate the performance of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete (BFRC) under fatigue load, a phased fatigue loading test is conducted, and the variation in the mechanical properties with the loading cycles, fiber content, and stress level is discussed. The degradation patterns of pore-structure parameters and pore-size distribution under various loading cycles are investigated, and the relationship between flexural strength and pore structure is established. The results show that the flexural strength, compressive strength, and relative dynamic elastic modulus exhibit an “ascending–descending” tendency at a stress level of 0.5, and that the inflection point of modulus reduction is earlier than that of flexural strength. The values of the mechanical properties decrease continuously at the stress level of 0.7, and the basalt fiber reduces the strength-attenuation amplitude. The average pore diameter of the BFRC reduces by 16.39–21.06% compared with that of ordinary concrete under load, and the linear rising slope of multiple injurious pores decreases, which implies that basalt fiber facilitates improvement to the pore structure during the service period. The porosity and total pore volume exhibit a high correlation coefficient with the flexural strength of BFRC under fatigue load.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fibre-based composite materials for the seismic strengthening of masonry ring beams: cyclic tests on full-scale samples

IF 3.4 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02617-w

Ingrid Boem, Natalino Gattesco, Emanuele Rizzi, Allen Dudine, Matija Gams

{"title":"Fibre-based composite materials for the seismic strengthening of masonry ring beams: cyclic tests on full-scale samples","authors":"Ingrid Boem, Natalino Gattesco, Emanuele Rizzi, Allen Dudine, Matija Gams","doi":"10.1617/s11527-025-02617-w","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-025-02617-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In masonry buildings, ring beams are crucial structural components for preventing out-of-plane failure of walls and fostering global seismic responses. The traditional approach of building reinforced concrete ring beams in existing structures is very invasive, which has motivated present research into new ways of constructing using modern fibre-based composite materials. Two solutions are tested by quasi-static, horizontal bending cyclic tests on full-scale, solid brick and rubble stone masonry. The first solution consists of horizontal Carbon Fibre–Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips externally bonded on the outer masonry surface, while the second comprises embedded Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) meshes in the masonry bed joints. Simplified analytical models are applied to estimate the strength. Although CFRP strips are applied eccentrically, they proved effective for loads in both directions (the fibres fractured in tension) because of the continuity of the reinforcement throughout orthogonal walls. The ring beams with GFRP-reinforced bed joints responded very well, as evidenced by tensile fracture of fibres. In both cases, bending resistance was significantly improved. However, tests also showed the importance of certain details to avoid stress concentrations in the fibres (e.g. rounded masonry corners) and bed joint slippage (e.g. full embedment of the GFRP meshes with the mortar).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-025-02617-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Utilization of biomass waste to produce phenol-rich bio-oil for enhancing the long-term aging resistance of rejuvenated bitumen 利用生物质废料生产富酚生物油，提高再生沥青的长期抗老化性能

IF 3.4 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02620-1

Shinan Liu, Houzhi Wang, Jun Yang

{"title":"Utilization of biomass waste to produce phenol-rich bio-oil for enhancing the long-term aging resistance of rejuvenated bitumen","authors":"Shinan Liu, Houzhi Wang, Jun Yang","doi":"10.1617/s11527-025-02620-1","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-025-02620-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluated the long-term antioxidant performance of bio-oils produced via thermochemical liquefaction (HTL) as bio-rejuvenators for secondary aged bitumen binders. Five types of bio-oils were prepared from different biomass sources using sulfuric acid as a catalyst and polyols as liquefaction solvents. Subsequently, these bio-oils were added to aged bitumen and subjected to secondary aging to test their antioxidant effectiveness. Various tests, including gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), were conducted to assess the chemical composition of the bio-oils. The results demonstrated that bio-oils contain substantial amounts of phenolic compounds, which exhibit antioxidant properties. The rheological testing showed that phenolic-rich bio-rejuvenators can be added to bitumen to increase the phase angle (<i>δ</i>) and decrease the complex modulus (<i>G</i>*). Additionally, some of these bio-rejuvenators improve secondary-aged bitumen’s fatigue performance and low-temperature cracking resistance while also recovering strain recovery (<i>R</i>) and non-recoverable creep compliance (<i>J</i><sub>nr</sub>). The chemical test showed that the carbonyl index, molecular weight, and polydispersity index of secondary-aged bitumen all decrease with the addition of bio-rejuvenators. Furthermore, the correlation analysis between the quantification of phenols in bio-oils and the rheological and chemical indices of bitumen subjected to secondary aging with added bio-rejuvenators shows a significant positive correlation between phenolic compound content and the antioxidant effects on the rheological and chemical properties of secondary-aged asphalt.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Service life model for alternative rendering mortar developed from granite cutting waste

IF 3.4 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02606-z

Mag Raj Gehlot, Sandeep Shrivastava

{"title":"Service life model for alternative rendering mortar developed from granite cutting waste","authors":"Mag Raj Gehlot, Sandeep Shrivastava","doi":"10.1617/s11527-025-02606-z","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-025-02606-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evaluating the service life of rendering mortar is crucial for managing its interaction with the substrate in the building due to various degradation causing factors as it have a significant influence on its repair, maintenance and, life cycle analysis results. This study is intended to predict the service life of the conventional cement sand (GP0) and 20% granite cutting waste incorporated alternative mortar (GP20). The mortars are exposed to a standard accelerated aging environment to simulate the natural field conditioning. Parallelly, the adhesive strength testing is conducted on naturally known aged field mortar samples. The Weibull distribution technique is used to perform life data analysis. The scale and shape parameters are calculated for GP0, GP20, and field samples, respectively. The<i> R</i><sup>2</sup> value determined from the goodness of fit analysis. Modifying factor has been identified to incorporate additional degradation-causing agents other than temperature and humidity. The adhesive strength of laboratory testing and field samples are correlated to predict the service life of the mortar. The finding shown that the strength degradation mechanism follows a non-linear variation of adhesive strength under accelerated and natural aging conditioning. The adhesive strength degradation for both the mixes are studied w.r.t. aging cycles. The GP0 and GP20 mortar mixes mortar-substrate bond failed after 156 and 168 cycles respectively and failed in brittle nature. The reference service life is taken at critical adhesive strength value of 0.3 MPa which is recorded as 17.4 years. However, it is observed that GP20 mortar faced higher aging cycles as compared to GP0, which qualitatively signifies a slight improvement in the service life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Systematic study on mix design optimization and on fresh properties of grouts containing crystalline admixtures

IF 3.4 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02598-w

Suelen da Rocha Gomes, Isabel Santacruz, Luis Sánchez, Mercedes Sánchez Moreno

{"title":"Systematic study on mix design optimization and on fresh properties of grouts containing crystalline admixtures","authors":"Suelen da Rocha Gomes, Isabel Santacruz, Luis Sánchez, Mercedes Sánchez Moreno","doi":"10.1617/s11527-025-02598-w","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-025-02598-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Crystalline admixtures (CA) are often proposed as admixtures for improving self-healing ability of cement-based materials. While significant progress has been made in smart concretes and mortars, the application of self-healing technology in grouts remains underexplored. The design of a grout is complex because any change in its composition will have a significant effect on its properties, especially in the fresh state. This work analyses the effect of the incorporation of the CA on the production of a self-repairing grout. The study focuses on the effects of CA on the fresh and hardened properties of grouts. A comprehensive analysis of grout design highlights the influence of critical parameters such as water/binder (<i>w</i>/<i>b</i>) and sand/binder (<i>s</i>/<i>b</i>) ratios, supplementary materials (fly ash and limestone), and superplasticizer (SP) dosages. Formulating a grout with CA requires greater efforts to achieve an optimal balance between the fresh and hardened properties. CA affected particle dispersion, stability and consistency of grouts. Designing grouts (with and without CA) with similar fluidity required higher SP dosages, which improved the viscosity and delayed the setting time. CA accelerates the hydration of C<sub>3</sub>S and C<sub>3</sub>A hydrates formation and shortens the induction period, but when combined with SP, its contribution is reduced. Compressive strength of grout with CA were higher than reference at all tested ages.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-025-02598-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rice straw ash as supplementary cementitious materials for concrete: optimizing water soaking duration of rice straw to remove alkalis

IF 3.4 3区工程技术

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02616-x

Ali Zarei, Somayeh Nassiri, Ali Azhar Butt, Iyanuoluwa O. Filani, Gandhar A. Pandit, Sabbie A. Miller, John T. Harvey

{"title":"Rice straw ash as supplementary cementitious materials for concrete: optimizing water soaking duration of rice straw to remove alkalis","authors":"Ali Zarei, Somayeh Nassiri, Ali Azhar Butt, Iyanuoluwa O. Filani, Gandhar A. Pandit, Sabbie A. Miller, John T. Harvey","doi":"10.1617/s11527-025-02616-x","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-025-02616-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2016, global cement consumption reached 4.65 billion tonnes, accounting for 8% of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions. Reducing the reliance on cement is an effective strategy for mitigating cement’s climate impacts. This study investigates rice straw ash (RSA) as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) for concrete. To enable large-scale RSA production via rice straw combustion at bioenergy plants, the effect of varying water-soaking durations (3, 6, 24, and 72 h) on the leaching of salts and heavy metals from rice straw was assessed. The resulting leachate was treated by reverse osmosis, producing clean water for irrigation and a potassium-rich fertilizer concentrate. The soaked rice straw was combusted to produce RSA samples (RSA 0 for unsoaked straw, and RSA 3, RSA 6, RSA 24, and RSA 72 for soaked durations) for evaluation as SCM based on physicochemical properties, pozzolanic reactivity and strength activity index (SAI), available alkalis, and alkali-silica reactivity (ASR) mitigation.</p><p>Results revealed that a soaking duration of just 3 h was effective at removing harmful compounds detrimental to combustion systems. All RSA samples exhibited high pozzolanic reactivity (heat release > 335 J/g and calcium hydroxide consumption > 130 g/100 g RSA) and SAI exceeding 120%. Furthermore, soaking was effective in enhancing ASR mitigation, achieving an 85% expansion reduction with RSA 3. This study demonstrates the potential of rice straw as bioenergy feedstock and its ash as a viable SCM for concrete, offering a pathway to reducing cement consumption while creating value-added uses for agricultural residues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-025-02616-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0