Materials and Structures最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing pavement structural resilience: analyzing the impact of vehicle-induced dynamic loads on RAP-recycled cement-stabilized crushed stone pavements with tip cracks","authors":"Tengfei Nian,&nbsp;Maomin Wang,&nbsp;Shuwang Li,&nbsp;Piyi Li,&nbsp;Jiaqi Song","doi":"10.1617/s11527-024-02439-2","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-024-02439-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Most of the roads constructed in the early days have entered the phase of repair and maintenance, leading to an accumulation of large stockpiles of recycled asphalt pavement material (RAP) and posing significant challenges for environmentally sound disposal. Moreover, the low rate of reuse of RAP contributes to the excessive waste of pavement materials. This study focuses on the use of RAP in recycled cement-stabilized aggregates as the primary research subject. Proportion designs for RAP and the base course with inorganic recycled aggregates (RAI) are conducted at ratios of 1:1 (1# recycled base), 1:2 (2# recycled base), and 1:4 (3# recycled base), respectively. Subsequently, mechanical parameters are tested. Using ABAQUS software, a structural model of the reclaimed base course with cement-stabilized aggregate is created. The mechanical properties of the reclaimed base course with varying amounts of cement are analyzed under the influence of dynamic vehicle loading, taking into consideration the potential for cracking at the tip of the base course. The results indicate that under dynamic loading, the vertical stress of the recycled subgrade with 4% cement is significantly better than that of the recycled subgrade with 5% and 6% cement. Among the various recycled base cement, the 4% recycled base exhibits superior shear resistance and the lowest peak horizontal stress at the crack tip, making it less prone to cracking. In terms of vertical strain, shear strain, and horizontal strain of the recycled base layer with different cement dosages for 1# under dynamic load, the strain gradually increases as the distance between the dynamic load and the crack tip of the recycled base layer decreases, reaching the maximum value at the top of the crack tip. The sensitivity of vertical, shear, and horizontal strains at the crack tip to dynamic vehicle loading increases with the cement dosage, with larger strains occurring at a cement dosage of 6%. Therefore, while increasing the amount of cement does not effectively enhance strain at the crack tip, reasonable control of the cement amount can improve the integrity of the base course and reduce crack expansion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"57 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of waste glass powder on quartz sand autoclaved material: strength, hydration products and microstructure","authors":"Yaomin Gao,&nbsp;Jiwei Cai,&nbsp;Gelong Xu,&nbsp;Qing Tian,&nbsp;Weiguo Shen,&nbsp;Ruixue Liu,&nbsp;Jiaqi Zhang","doi":"10.1617/s11527-024-02445-4","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-024-02445-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Waste glass is a high-quality siliceous material for autoclaved material, but its effect as the substitution for quartz sand is variable and not sufficiently clarified. To better apply the waste glass in the autoclaved material, the single and combined effect of waste glass and quartz sand as siliceous material on compressive strength is evaluated, and the transformation of hydration products and microstructure is ascertained based on the comprehensive analysis of XRD, FTIR, TG-DSC and ²⁹Si NMR tests. The results indicate that the compressive strength of the autoclaved materials with waste glass is generally higher than that with quartz sand, and the optimum Ca/Si ratio for the waste glass autoclaved material is 0.7, lower than 0.9 for quartz sand autoclaved material. As a single siliceous material, waste glass inhibits the formation of tobermorite and benefits the production of amorphous and highly polymerized C-S–H. At the fixed Ca/Si ratio of 0.7, the partial substitution of waste glass improves the compressive strength of quartz sand autoclaved material by increasing the yield of tobermorite, and the compressive strength reaches the maximum value at the substitution ratio of 20%. A higher waste glass replacement ratio will then be adverse to the formation of tobermorite and decrease the compressive strength. With the increase of the waste glass replacement ratio, the compressive strength presents a three-stage development process. Boosting the formation of tobermorite at a low replacement level of waste glass or highly polymerized C-S–H at a high enough replacement level of waste glass are two feasible approaches to enhancing the strength of autoclaved materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"57 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the performance of ATP grafting basalt fiber based on the plant root bionic idea and its adsorption characteristics with asphalt","authors":"Chengcheng Yang,&nbsp;Li Liu,&nbsp;Zhaohui Liu,&nbsp;You Huang,&nbsp;Houxuan Pan,&nbsp;Da Yang,&nbsp;Longke Zhang","doi":"10.1617/s11527-024-02433-8","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-024-02433-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nano-attapulgite (ATP) is a layered silicate mineral with abundant reserves, large specific surface area, and low cost. The unique structure of ATP has attracted wide attention in the field of adsorption. In this study, a preparation technology of ATP grafting basalt fiber (BF) was proposed by chemical grafting method based on the idea of plant root bionics. The optimal preparation process of ATP grafting BF was determined through the tests of asphalt absorption performance, thermal stability performance, and segregation dispersion performance. The mechanism of ATP grafting BF was analyzed by micro-morphology, functional group changes, and elemental composition. Finally, the adsorption performance of ATP grafting BF was investigated on the basis of adsorption kinetics model and molecular dynamics simulation. The study results indicated that ATP-BF_HCl had better compatibility and wettability with asphalt. The quasi-second-order kinetic equation could better fit the adsorption process of ATP-BF_HCl on asphaltene, which indicated that ATP-BF_HCl adsorbed asphaltene with chemisorption or ion exchange. The diffusion coefficient and diffusion activation energy of the saturate and the aromatic were larger, indicating a smaller molecular weight and faster movement, and lightweight components of asphalt are more easily adsorbed on the surface of ATP. The diffusion activation energy of asphaltene is the smallest and the reaction is the easiest to take place, which indicates that it is the first to react during temperature increase. The research results can provide a theoretical basis and technical support for BF surface treatment technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"57 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of recycled concrete aggregates developed through integrated thermomechanical treatment process","authors":"Bhartesh,&nbsp;Gyani Jail Singh","doi":"10.1617/s11527-024-02431-w","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-024-02431-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study determines how untreated recycled concrete aggregates (URA), thermally treated recycled concrete aggregates (TRA), and recycled concrete aggregates developed through an integrated thermomechanical treatment process (T_mRA) perform in concrete relative to each other. A concrete composed of 100% recycled aggregates (RCA) with Portland pozzolana cement has been successfully developed in the present study. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, fracture energy, and modulus of elasticity of T_mRC is observed higher than URC by 18.62%, 8.20%, 40.72%, 24.18%, and 54.99%, and those TRC by 7.54%, 28.57%, 29.78%, 24.12%, and 34.35%, respectively. The split tensile strength, flexural strength, fracture energy, and modulus of elasticity of these concretes are strongly correlated with their compressive strength. T_mRC material properties match NAC, standard requirements, and reported values closely. URC and TRC chloride-ion penetrations are around 3.51- and 2.42-times greater than T_mRC. Among these concretes, only T_mRC meets corrosion protection requirements like NAC. The abrasion resistance of T_mRC is observed 52.03% greater than URC and 43.07% greater than that of TRC. T_mRC has substantially lower sorptivity compared to URC and TRC and is close to NAC. T_mRC has around 32.65% and 16.67% less weight loss in drying than URC and TRC, respectively. URC and TRC have around 1.99- and 1.82-times less abrasion resistance than T_mRC. An optimal reduced adhered-mortar volume, the minimized porosity and microcracks, dense and uniform surface texture, strengthened interfacial transition zones leads the performance of T_mRA superior to URA and TRA, and close to or superior to parent aggregates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"57 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performance of RC frames with masonry infills retrofitted by precast ultra-lightweight insulated cementitious composites plates","authors":"Ning Ning,&nbsp;Zhongguo John Ma,&nbsp;Jigang Zhang,&nbsp;Yue Ding","doi":"10.1617/s11527-024-02435-6","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-024-02435-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents an investigation on the seismic behavior of RC frames with masonry infills retrofitted by precast Ultra-Lightweight Insulated Cementitious Composites plates under cyclic loading. The objective was to provide an easy retrofit approach for concurrent seismic behavior and energy efficiency upgrading of existing RC frames. Three scaled RC frames were built including a control frame and two frames with different retrofit schemes. The experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of different retrofit schemes over the failure patterns, hysteretic curves, energy dissipation abilities, skeleton curves, and characteristic loads and displacements. The retrofitted RC frames provided higher carrying capacities, energy dissipation abilities, and displacement ductility. Retrofit schemes proposed can prevent severe damage of masonry infills, and alleviate shear failure of columns significantly. Based on the test results, ULICC plates influenced on the flexural moments of columns and beams, and base shear distribution were analyzed. Interactions between retrofitted infills and surrounding frames were discussed. A theoretical model based on equivalent strut was proposed to obtain initial lateral stiffness and carrying capacity of retrofitted RC frames. The experiments have demonstrated that precast ULICC plates retrofit strategy can enhance the seismic performances under low-frequency cyclic loading.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"57 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory evaluation of the rejuvenation efficiency of biomass-derived phenolic oil on the asphalt binder with various aging conditions","authors":"Peixin Xu,&nbsp;Qisheng Hu,&nbsp;Jinbiao Tang,&nbsp;Derun Zhang,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Cai,&nbsp;Shangxian Xie","doi":"10.1617/s11527-024-02434-7","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-024-02434-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rejuvenators are critical for restoring the performance of recycled asphalt pavement produced with a high dosage of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) materials. In this study, a biomass-derived phenolic oil (BDPO) recycled from biomass pyrolysis was proposed as a novel rejuvenating agent. Its rejuvenation efficiency and mechanism on the asphalt binder aged with three laboratory-aging conditions, including the rolling thin-film oven (RTFO) aging, pressure aging vessel (PAV) aging, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation aging, were investigated systemically. The chemical components of BDPO were first identified through the Gas-Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. The rejuvenation efficiency was subsequently evaluated on the laboratory-aged asphalt binders using typical physical-rheological properties tests and compared with two commercial rejuvenators. The rejuvenation mechanism of BDPO was finally revealed by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) test. Results indicated that the BDPO can balance the unstable colloidal structure and restore the physical-rheological properties of aged asphalt binders, whose optimal dosages were determined as 1.5%, 3%, and 8% for the selected asphalt binder aged under RTFO, PAV, and UV aging conditions, respectively. Compared with commercial rejuvenating agents, the BDPO-rejuvenated asphalt exhibits performance properties similar to those of unaged asphalt in terms of high-temperature rutting resistance, fatigue cracking resistance, and low-temperature cracking resistance. FTIR spectra identified that the rejuvenation process of aged asphalt binders using BDPO involves complicated chemical reactions, which are beneficial to alleviate the aging degrees. These findings confirm the potential of BDPO as a promising rejuvenator for recycled asphalt pavements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"57 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Effect of matrix self-healing on the bond-slip behavior of micro steel fibers in ultra-high-performance concrete","authors":"Salam Al-Obaidi,&nbsp;Shan He,&nbsp;Erik Schlangen,&nbsp;Liberato Ferrara","doi":"10.1617/s11527-024-02380-4","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-024-02380-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"57 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-024-02380-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of cementitious systems containing calcined clay in a chloride-rich environment: a review by TC-282 CCL","authors":"Yuvaraj Dhandapani,&nbsp;Alisa Machner,&nbsp;William Wilson,&nbsp;Wolfgang Kunther,&nbsp;Sumaiya Afroz,&nbsp;Taehwan Kim,&nbsp;Franco Zunino,&nbsp;Shiju Joseph,&nbsp;Fragkoulis Kanavaris,&nbsp;Arnaud Castel,&nbsp;Karl-Christian Thienel,&nbsp;Edgardo F. Irassar,&nbsp;Shashank Bishnoi,&nbsp;Fernando Martirena,&nbsp;Manu Santhanam","doi":"10.1617/s11527-024-02426-7","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-024-02426-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this review by TC- 282 CCL, a comprehensive examination of various facets of chloride ingress in calcined clay-based concrete in aggressive chloride-rich environments is presented due to its significance in making reinforced concrete structures susceptible to chloride-induced corrosion damages. The review presents a summary of available literature focusing on materials characteristics influencing the chloride resistance of calcined clay-based concrete, such as different clay purity, kaolinite content and other clay minerals, underscoring the significance of pore refinement, pore solution composition, and chloride binding mechanisms. Further, the studies dealing with the performance at the concrete scale, with a particular emphasis on transport properties, curing methods, and mix design, are highlighted. Benchmarking calcined clay mixes with fly ash or slag-based concrete mixes that are widely used in aggressive chloride conditions instead of OPC is recommended. Such comparison could extend the usage of calcined clay as a performance-enhancing mineral admixture in the form of calcined clay or LC2 (limestone-calcined clay). The chloride diffusion coefficient in calcined clay concrete is reported to be significantly lower (about 5–10 times in most literature available so far) compared to OPC, and even lower compared to fly ash and slag-based concrete at early curing ages reported across recent literature made with different types of cements and concrete mixes. Limited studies dealing with reinforcement corrosion point out that calcined clay delays corrosion initiation and reduces corrosion rates despite the reduction in critical chloride threshold. Most of these results on corrosion performance are mainly from laboratory studies and warrant field evaluation in future. Finally, two case studies demonstrating the application of calcined clay-based concrete in real-world marine exposure conditions are discussed to showcase the promising potential of employing low-purity calcined clay-based concrete for reducing carbon footprint and improving durability performance in chloride exposure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"57 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11266254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag as an additive in sodium carbonate-activated slag cements","authors":"Laura Stefanini,&nbsp;Brant Walkley,&nbsp;John L. Provis","doi":"10.1617/s11527-024-02425-8","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-024-02425-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) is a high-volume waste resulting from the production of steel from pig iron. Due to its high free lime content, BOFS is difficult to recycle and/or include into conventional cement systems. Alkali-activation technology offers a pathway to transform industrial wastes such as BOFS into low-carbon cements. Alternative precursors for cement systems are needed as the reliance on commonly used materials like ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) is becoming unsustainable due to decreasing availability. This study investigates alkali-activated cements incorporating 20 and 30 wt.% of naturally weathered BOFS as a replacement for GGBFS, in both sodium silicate- and sodium carbonate-activated systems. A fraction of BOFS subject to mechanical activation is compared against the untreated BOFS in the 20 wt.% systems. It is observed that in naturally weathered BOFS, a significant portion of the free-lime is found to convert to portlandite, which accelerates alkali-activation kinetics. In sodium silicate-activated systems, the high pH of the activator results in incomplete reaction of the portlandite present in BOFS. The sodium carbonate-activated system shows near complete conversion of portlandite, causing an acceleration in the kinetics of reaction, setting, and hardening. These findings confirm the viability of sodium carbonate activated GGBFS-based systems with only a minor loss in strength properties. BOFS can be utilised as a valuable cement additive for the production of sustainable alkali-activated cements utilising sodium carbonate as a less carbon-intensive activator solution than the more commonly used sodium silicate. Mechanical activation of BOFS offers further optimisation potential for alkali-activation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"57 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-024-02425-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141739873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imbibition in kaolinite plaster under finite water amounts","authors":"Wenqiang Zuo,&nbsp;Youssef Bazi,&nbsp;Patrick Belin,&nbsp;Emmanuel Keita","doi":"10.1617/s11527-024-02428-5","DOIUrl":"10.1617/s11527-024-02428-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study addresses the imbibition kinetics of finite water amounts in kaolinite plasters. Using an X-ray tomograph with in-situ liquid addition, 2D radiograph images precisely measure the water imbibition and distribution. Two distinct regimes are observed in the presence of a limited water reservoir. Following a classical penetration scaling with the square root of time, the progression continues slowly. The addition of sand minimally impacts these kinetics, only modifying the porosity volume. Imbibition front kinetics is described by analyzing unsaturated flow under limited water conditions, particularly in scenarios where water availability is restricted. The study underscores the importance of investigating imbibition under finite water amounts, a common degradation scenario. The physical understanding aims to contribute to the enhanced design of earthen plaster.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"57 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141739998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}