Acta Ophthalmologica最新文献

{"title":"Increased prevalence of myopia in Swedish conscripts between 1975 and 1995 - associations with education and verbal ability.","authors":"Tomas Bro","doi":"10.1111/aos.17488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of this study is to examine the trends in the prevalence of myopia in Swedish young men over a 30-year period and identify potential risk factors for myopia development.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This retrospective, cross-sectional study analysed testing results from three cohorts of Swedish military conscripts: 1975, 1985 and 1995. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent (SE) of ≤ -0.5 D and high myopia as SE ≤ -5 D. Myopia prevalence was analysed in combination with physical measures (height, weight and BMI), social measures (theoretical upper secondary school) and cognitive measures (4 different abilities). The results from the cognitive tests used a STANdard NINE scale (stanine or S9), a method of scaling test scores on a nine-point standard scale, with a mean of five and a standard deviation of two.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included a total of 13 075 males aged 17 to 19 years. Adequate data on physical measures and vision were available for 95%-98% of participants. The proportion of individuals with myopia increased significantly from 22% to 29% between 1975 and 1995 (p < 0.001). High myopia increased from 1.9% to 3.3% (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression indicated associations between myopia and year of testing (OR = 1.15), presence of theoretical upper secondary school (OR 1.71, compared to the absence of theoretical upper secondary school), verbal ability (OR 1.08 per stanine) and visuospatial perception (OR 1.05 per stanine).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over the 30-year period from 1975 to 1995, the prevalence of myopia among Swedish conscripts increased from 22% to 29%. A higher level of education and higher verbal and visuospatial ability were risk factors for myopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Italian glaucoma virtual clinics: Developing a consensus for remote patient management.","authors":"Francesco Matarazzo, Carlo Alberto Cutolo, Alessandro Rabiolo, Michele Figus, Antonio Fea, Stefano Gandolfi, Corrado Gizzi, Gianluca Manni, Giorgio Marchini, Giovanni Montesano, Carlo Nucci, Maria Laura Passaro, Dario Romano, Luca Rossetti, Matteo Sacchi, Lucia Tanga, Carlo Enrico Traverso, Giacinto Triolo, Gianni Virgili, Francesco Oddone, Ciro Costagliola","doi":"10.1111/aos.17484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To establish expert consensus on guidelines for implementing glaucoma virtual clinics in Italy, focusing on patient suitability, essential clinical assessments and staffing requirements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A modified Delphi method was used to achieve consensus among selected Italian glaucoma specialists. The steering group developed a structured questionnaire with 66 items across key areas: Patient Categories, Clinical Assessments, Roles and Staffing and Guidelines for glaucoma virtual clinic implementation. A panel of experts reviewed and rated each item across multiple rounds to reach consensus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 19 invited glaucoma specialists, 16 and 11 participated in rounds 1 and 2, respectively. Consensus was achieved on 57.6% of the questions, identifying specific patient profiles suitable for glaucoma virtual clinics, essential diagnostic tests and required roles in a virtual setting. Experts agreed on the importance of standardized assessments and the necessity of support staff such as orthoptists and ophthalmic assistants in the glaucoma virtual clinic structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This Delphi panel provides guidance for implementing glaucoma virtual clinics in Italy, establishing guidelines on patient selection, required assessments and staffing needs. Tailored glaucoma virtual clinics can enhance glaucoma care accessibility, streamline workflows and address the growing demand from healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of reduced visual acuity and undercorrected refractive error in Finland: Results from a nationwide survey.","authors":"Petri K M Purola, Seppo V P Koskinen, Hannu Uusitalo","doi":"10.1111/aos.17482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of reduced distance visual acuity (VA) and undercorrected refractive error in Finland in 2017.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, nationwide health examination survey representing the Finnish adult population aged ≥18 years in 2017. Bilateral, habitual distance VA was measured in the survey. A pinhole test was performed for all participants with reduced VA, that is binocular distance VA logMAR ≥0.3 based on the initial letter chart test. Participants with an improvement of ≥5 letters using the pinhole were considered to have undercorrected refractive error, including also uncorrected errors. Multiple self-reported and register-based variables related to socio-demographic status, lifestyle, health-care use, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and mental health were included in the survey, and their association with reduced VA and undercorrected refractive error was analysed using univariable logistic regression adjusted for age and sex as well as multivariable models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VA was measured from a total of 5937 (58%) survey participants, of which 184 had distance VA logMAR ≥0.3 with a population prevalence of 3.1%. Reduced VA was associated with older age, being single, having basic education only, limited/insufficient income, living in an urban setting, lower work ability, smoking, lower physical activity, lower consumption of vegetables and fruits, and worse HRQoL. A total of 110 (60%) participants showed a ≥5-letter improvement using a pinhole with a population prevalence of 1.8%. Among participants with logMAR ≥0.3, undercorrected refractive error was associated with younger age, better work ability, smoking, higher physical activity, a higher number of nurse visits and worse HRQoL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reduced VA is associated with socio-demographic disadvantage and unfavourable lifestyle. Two out of three persons with reduced VA do not have their spectacles up to date. Inadequately corrected refraction seems to be a complicated phenomenon related to several factors deserving further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic impact of a faricimab vial-sharing protocol in age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular oedema patients.","authors":"J Borrás-Blasco, J Abad, S Cornejo-Uixeda, L Perez Gil, J Zarco Bosquet","doi":"10.1111/aos.17483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17483","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of fundus tessellation, myopic diffuse chorioretinal atrophy and choroidal thickness with visual acuity in myopia.","authors":"Jost B Jonas, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Jie Xu, Wen Bin Wei, Ya Xing Wang","doi":"10.1111/aos.17480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore associations between stages of myopic macular degeneration (MMD) and visual acuity and influencing parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants of the population-based study Beijing Eye Study (n = 3468 participants) underwent a detailed ocular and systemic examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Assessable images were available for 3040 (87.7%) individuals (age: 64.0 ± 9.7 years). In multivariable analysis, worse best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (i.e. higher logMAR values) was associated with higher MMD stage (beta: 0.11; B: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.08; p < 0.001) and thinner subfoveal choroidal thickness (beta: -0.06; p = 0.002), with adjustments for age, sex, educational level, cognitive function, degree of any cataract and prevalence of glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. If only eyes with MMD grade 1 or no MMD were included, worse BCVA was associated (multivariable analysis) with higher prevalence of MMD stage 1 (beta: 0.11; B: 0.07; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.09; p < 0.001) and thinner medium-sized choroidal vessel layer thickness. Correspondingly, BCVA was worse in eyes with MMD stage 1 than in eyes without MMD (0.13 ± 0.27 logMAR vs. 0.04 ± 0.14; p < 0.001). Including only eyes without vision-influencing disorders (except myopia), BCVA was also worse in eyes with MMD stage 1 than in eyes without MMD (0.06 ± 0.13 logMAR vs. -0.01 ± 0.08 logMAR; p < 0.001). In these eyes without vision-influencing ocular disorders, worse BCVA was associated with thinner total subfoveal choroidal thickness (beta: -0.15; R: 0.000; 95% CI: 0.000, 0.000; p < 0.001) and longer axial length (beta: 0.14; R: 0.01; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.02; p < 0.001), or alternatively with higher MMD staging (beta: 0.24; R: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.11; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MMD stage 1 (fundus tessellation) is associated with decreased BCVA and may be considered pathological. Independently of longer axial length, thinner choroidal thickness is a factor associated with lower BCVA in myopic eyes, including eyes with MMD stage 1.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of outdoor time on the spherical equivalent and axial length in childhood myopia: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Clara Martinez-Perez, Miguel Angel Sanchez-Tena, José-María Sánchez-González, Cesar Villa-Collar, Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina","doi":"10.1111/aos.17478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This meta-analysis investigates the effectiveness of outdoor activities in reducing the onset of myopia in children and adolescents by analysing changes in axial elongation and spherical equivalent refractive error. Following PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024592971), the study included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. The eligibility criteria targeted children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years with varying levels of outdoor exposure. Primary outcomes were axial elongation and spherical equivalent change. Studies were assessed for quality using GRADE and AMSTAR-2 tools, and data were analysed using Review Manager 5.4, with random-effects models applied when heterogeneity was significant. Fifteen studies (9 RCTs and 6 observational) were included, with a total of 16 597 participants. Outdoor activities significantly reduced or delayed the onset of myopia, with a mean axial length difference of -0.08 mm per year (95% CI: -0.09 to -0.07) and a spherical equivalent difference of 0.16 diopters per year (95% CI: 0.07 to 0.25). These differences were observed after 1 year of intervention and sustained for up to 3 years, with daily outdoor exposure ranging from 40 to 120 min. Heterogeneity was moderate to high, but sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results. While higher outdoor exposure appeared more effective in reducing myopia progression, the certainty of this evidence was rated as low due to suspected publication bias, as indicated by the GRADE analysis. Outdoor activities, especially with prolonged exposure to intense light, effectively reduce or delay the onset of myopia in children and adolescents. This study emphasizes the importance of light intensity in maximizing the benefits of outdoor interventions and highlights regional differences in effectiveness, suggesting that environmental factors play a significant role in the outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual outcome including visual field defects after treatment of paediatric optic pathway glioma: A nationwide cohort study.","authors":"C A M Bennebroek, J van Zwol, M C Montauban van Swijndregt, S E Loudon, A L W Groot, N J C Bauer, J W Pott, I C Notting, A J van Sorge, M M van Genderen, P de Graaf, A Y N Schouten-van Meeteren, P Saeed, G L Porro","doi":"10.1111/aos.17476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine long-term visual impairment and visual field examination (VF) after diverse treatments for paediatric optic pathway glioma (OPG), and to determine prognostic factors for long-term severe visual impairment or blindness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nationwide retrospective cohort study (1995-2018) was performed on paediatric OPGs that received various (successive) therapies. The analysis of severe VI or blindness was represented by the outcome of both BCVA and VF testing. Prognostic factors for long-term severe VI or blindness were identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data on BCVA and VF were available in 117 of 136 children (86.0%) who received treatment. After a median follow-up of 8.3 years (range: 0.1-23.8 years) after the start of treatment, severe VI or blindness (>1.0 LogMAR) was observed in both eyes in 18.8% of 117 patients and in 34.6% of 234 included eyes. This impairment was more common in sporadic OPGs. Monocular VF defects were present in 80.0% of a subgroup of 110 eyes (47.0%), predominantly represented by hemianopia in 69.3% and various scotomas in 28.4%. Independent prognostic factors for severe VI or blindness included starting therapy under the age of 2 years and hypothalamic involvement of the OPG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, long-term binocular severe VI or blindness appeared in almost one in five patients and in one in three eyes after diverse treatment for paediatric OPG. Visual field data were available in only one in two children; VF defects were present in four out of five eyes. Children starting therapy under the age of 2 years were particularly at risk for long-term severe VI or blindness. Future prospective studies need to include VF analysis as an outcome parameter and should analyse treatment effects on both monocular and binocular BCVA.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semaglutide and non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy: Review and interpretation of reported association.","authors":"Abdullah Amini, Steffen Hamann, Michael Larsen","doi":"10.1111/aos.17473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review covers a seminal study of the relation between exposure to the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonist semaglutide and incident non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in a neuro-ophthalmology clinic setting, subsequent studies in unselected populations, a meta-analysis of clinical trials and pathophysiology studies of the optic disc and retina that may help elucidate the relation between semaglutide and NAION in patients with diabetes or obesity. In the matched cohort study of neuro-ophthalmology patients, those treated using agents other than semaglutide had NAION rates, orders of magnitude higher than a background population, presumably because referral patterns led to the enrichment of the study populations with patients at high risk of NAION. With semaglutide, the rates of NAION were 4.28 and 7.64 times higher for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, respectively, and onset of NAION was within 14 months of treatment initiation, whereas non-semaglutide NAION was evenly distributed over the 3 years of follow-up. Of four health care registry studies, each covering more than 100 000 patients, two found relative rates of NAION two to three times higher with semaglutide than without semaglutide, one found a trend towards semaglutide being associated with NAION in patients with type 2 diabetes only, and one found statistically insignificant imbalances between the two alternatives. The meta-analysis of various GLP-1 receptor agonists versus placebo or active comparator found no significant difference in rates of NAION. Prior reports of long-term glycaemia reduction being associated with early worsening of retinopathy and with NAION indicate that semaglutide may promote such events in proportion to its antihyperglycaemic potency. The association of NAION with small, crowded discs, optic disc oedema and peripapillary exudation suggests that semaglutide-related NAION may result from changes in perfusion that lead to venous dilation and, presumably, to venous congestion during relative hypoglycaemia. Given the retrospective nature of the epidemiological studies, causality cannot be inferred, but a cautious approach to the use of semaglutide and other powerful glycaemia-reducing agents seems warranted, particularly in patients with crowded optic discs, a characteristic that can be identified by proactive eye examination for disc-at-risk characteristics by the use of optical coherence tomography.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choroidal changes and association with Gaussian curvature in high myopic eyes with posterior staphyloma in ultra-wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography.","authors":"Qing Zhao, Linxin Wei, Huan Chen, Yan Luo, Youxin Chen, Zhikun Yang","doi":"10.1111/aos.17477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate choroidal changes in high myopic (HM) patients with posterior staphyloma (PS) and explore their association with Gaussian curvature (K) using ultra-wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography (UWF-OCTA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HM patients with wide macular PS (Type I PS) and without any PS (control) were recruited. Highest K values (K_max) and choroidal parameters-vessel flow density (VFD), choroidal vascularity volume (CVV) and index (CVI), thickness, and volume-were compared in central and peripheral regions, and the fovea-centered 12-mm ETDRS quadrants of 24 × 20 mm UWF-OCTA images. Associations between choroidal parameters and K values in Type I PS eyes were analysed using multiple linear regression analysis, controlling for the confounding effect of AL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Type I PS eyes showed increased K_max in various subregions (p < 0.05), except the 12-mm ETDRS superior quadrant. CVV, choroidal thickness, and volume were higher in the peripheral region of the UWF-SS-OCTA image in Type I PS eyes (p < 0.05). Central CVI and large and medium choroidal vascular layer-VFD were significantly lower in Type I PS eyes (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a negative association between macular K_max and central CVI (p < 0.05). In the peripheral region, K_max showed a positive correlation with choroidal thickness and volume (p < 0.05). These correlations were partially confirmed across several quadrants of the 12-mm ETDRS grid.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Type I PS eyes exhibit attenuated choroidal perfusion and a potentially reorganized choroidal structure and circulation, associated with Gaussian curvature severity. UWF-OCTA shows promise for non-invasive visualization of the choroidal alterations in PS.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary ocular hypertension as an adverse effect of treatment with intravitreal dexamethasone implant: A retrospective Swedish cohort study.","authors":"Imadeddin Abu Ishkheidem, Martin Breimer, Saba Kamal, Madeleine Zetterberg, Abbas Al-Hawasi, Marita Andersson Grönlund","doi":"10.1111/aos.17475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the incidence and risk factors for secondary ocular hypertension (SOHT) following intravitreal dexamethasone implants (Ozurdex®) in patients with diabetic macular oedema (DME) and macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in a Swedish cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 309 eyes from 249 patients treated with Ozurdex® at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden, from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2023. Electronic medical records were reviewed for data including patient demographics, number of injections, incidence of and treatment modalities for SOHT and rate of Ozurdex® discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 309 eyes, 217 (70.2%) were in the DME group and 92 (29.8%) in the RVO group. Overall, 117 eyes (37.9%) developed SOHT (intraocular pressure (IOP) ≥25 mmHg or a rise of ≥10 mmHg from baseline); this included 77 of 217 DME eyes (35.5%) and 40 of 92 RVO eyes (43.5%). Men were more than twice as likely as women to develop SOHT (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.53, p < 0.001). Each unit increase in baseline IOP was associated with an 8% increase in the odds of SOHT (aOR: 1.08 p = 0.025). Of all eyes, 30.5% received IOP-lowering treatment, primarily prostaglandins. None required invasive surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our finding that 30.5% of eyes received IOP-lowering treatment confirms that SOHT is a prevalent complication following intravitreal dexamethasone implants. Male gender and higher baseline IOP were key indicators for developing SOHT after Ozurdex® treatment, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring. Most cases were managed with IOP-lowering eye drops, indicating that while common, SOHT is typically manageable without invasive interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}