Acta Ophthalmologica最新文献

{"title":"Acute versus late endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy in treatment of acute dacryocystitis: A prospective randomised trial with an 18-month follow-up","authors":"Markus Lilja,&nbsp;Tiina Leivo,&nbsp;Marita Uusitalo,&nbsp;Seija Vento,&nbsp;Paula Virkkula,&nbsp;Karin Blomgren","doi":"10.1111/aos.15752","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.15752","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare the long-term symptom resolution and use of resources of performing endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (enDCR) in acute or delayed phase in patients with acute dacryocystitis (AD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective, randomised controlled trial was conducted in Helsinki University tertiary Eye and Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospitals between September 2013 and January 2019. Fifty patients aged 18 and above presenting with AD in the emergency care were randomised into acute and delayed enDCR surgery groups, performed in 1 week or 4 months from the diagnosis of AD. The follow-up time was 18 months. Outcome measures were subjective epiphora, lacrimal symptoms and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores, the number of hospitalised and unhealthy days, use of medication and openness in lacrimal syringing and dye test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EnDCR was performed on 24 patients in the acute and 19 in the delayed group. There were no significant differences between the groups in follow-up lacrimal symptoms, syringing test, dye test or use of resources. At the 18 months' follow-up, 21/23 (91.3%) in the acute group and 12/13 (92.3%) in the delayed group had no disturbing lacrimal symptoms. When reoperations and dropouts are considered, beneficial outcome was 22/24 (91.7%) in the acute and 12/16 (75%) (<i>p</i> = 0.195) in the delayed group. The acute group had significantly fewer pain medication days than the delayed group, 3 versus 10.5 (<i>p</i> = 0.03).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute enDCR is associated with fewer pain medication days and equal resolution of lacrimal symptoms and use of resources.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"102 4","pages":"441-447"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10236037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual function in Norwegian children aged 5–13 years with prenatal exposure to opioid maintenance therapy: A case–control study","authors":"Anne Kathinka Aslaksen,&nbsp;Gro Horgen Vikesdal,&nbsp;Marit Torbergsen Voie,&nbsp;Megan Rowlands,&nbsp;Jon Skranes,&nbsp;Olav H. Haugen","doi":"10.1111/aos.15764","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.15764","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess various aspects of visual function in school children prenatally exposed to opioid maintenance therapy (OMT) and to explore possible outcome differences between prenatal methadone and buprenorphine exposure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a cross-sectional case–control study, 63 children aged 5–13 years with prenatal OMT exposure were compared with 63 age- and gender-matched, non-exposed controls regarding important visual parameters, such as visual acuity, orthoptic status, refractive state, colour vision, and visual field.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The OMT-exposed children had significantly poorer visual acuity, both for the best eye, the worst eye and binocularly. Two children had mild visual impairment. Manifest strabismus was more frequent in the OMT group, 30%, vs. 4.8% in the control group. The most frequent types of strabismus were accommodative esotropia and intermittent exotropia. Manifest nystagmus was present in 10 (16%) of the exposed children compared to one among the non-exposed children. The accommodative amplitude was decreased in the OMT group compared to the controls. After adjusting for polydrug exposure and SGA (small-for-gestational-age), the between-group differences in visual acuity, strabismus, and nystagmus remained. The methadone-exposed children had poorer visual acuity, increased frequency of strabismus and a higher percentage of nystagmus, hypermetropia and astigmatism compared to the buprenorphine-exposed children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>School-age children exposed to methadone or buprenorphine in utero had a higher prevalence of strabismus and nystagmus, and a lower visual acuity and accommodation amplitude. Buprenorphine exposure was associated with more favourable results than methadone exposure on most visual outcome measures and should be the preferred substance in OMT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"102 4","pages":"409-420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.15764","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10572634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The level of education and the risk for retinal detachments and breaks: A registry-based case–control study","authors":"Albert Pettersson,&nbsp;Ing-Liss Bryngelsson,&nbsp;Karim Makdoumi","doi":"10.1111/aos.15758","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.15758","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myopia is the most important risk factor for developing retinal tears and retinal detachment (RD). Due to altered lifestyle factors myopia is increasing in the world. In this study, the correlation between educational level and risk for retinal detachment were analysed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A case–control registry study was conducted including a total of 10 268 individuals. Data were collected from registries of the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare as well as the Swedish Central Bureau of Statistics. Cases were defined as ICD-10 H33 (retinal detachments and breaks). For each case, a matched control was selected with the same age and sex, living in the same county at the time of diagnosis. The study population was divided into seven groups with regard to educational level and compared using conditional logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the total population, the odds ratio (OR) increased in a proportional fashion with a higher level of education. The odds ratio for the total population at the highest education level was 1.77 and increased to 2.00 when excluding individuals with diabetes. Out of the 5134 cases, 72% were men and 28% women. A statistically significant difference between sexes was only confirmed for the second highest education level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with a longer education have a significantly higher risk for retinal complications in the form of RD and breaks. Higher education is a risk factor for retinal complications in both sexes but seemingly more strongly in men.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"102 4","pages":"462-468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.15758","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10590738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intense pulsed light treatment in meibomian gland dysfunction: Past, present, and future","authors":"Fredrik Fineide,&nbsp;Morten S. Magnø,&nbsp;Ayyad Zartasht Khan,&nbsp;Xiangjun Chen,&nbsp;Jelle Vehof,&nbsp;Tor P. Utheim","doi":"10.1111/aos.15759","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.15759","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dry eye disease is a highly prevalent condition, which can substantially impair quality of life, work productivity, and vision. It is considered an inflammatory disease and the most common cause is meibomian gland dysfunction. Despite many treatment alternatives being available, including artificial tears, warm compresses, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory therapy, lasting treatment effects are rare. Over the last two decades, intense pulsed light therapy, after being well established in dermatology, has been gradually introduced to the field of ophthalmology to treat meibomian gland dysfunction. The purpose of the current article is to critically review the clinical studies assessing the use of intense pulsed light to treat meibomian gland dysfunction published to date. The vast majority of the included studies demonstrated improved symptoms and signs, although the degree of efficacy and its duration varied greatly depending on concomitant treatment, number of treatment sessions, and other factors. Several possible mechanisms of action concerning disease propagation and treatment efficacy are discussed. There is still a need for larger, randomised, longitudinal studies to define the most efficacious treatment regime and to predict which patients may benefit the most. More studies are needed on implementing biochemical analyses and machine learning algorithms. Such studies may prove beneficial in predicting treatment effects, defining optimal treatment regimens, and furthering our understanding of the mechanisms of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"102 4","pages":"e414-e442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.15759","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10215359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular and systemic associations and heritability of retinal arterial wall-to-lumen ratios in a twin cohort","authors":"Christopher Voigt Carstensen,&nbsp;Jakob Bjerager,&nbsp;Mohamed Belmouhand,&nbsp;Christina Eckmann-Hansen,&nbsp;Simon P. Rothenbuehler,&nbsp;Sami Dabbah,&nbsp;Christine Dalgård,&nbsp;Poul Laigaard,&nbsp;Michael Larsen","doi":"10.1111/aos.15755","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.15755","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate ocular and systemic factors associated with the retinal arterial wall-to-lumen ratio (WLR) and to determine the relative contribution of genetic and environmental variation to WLR in healthy adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional twin study included 78 monozygotic and 67 dizygotic same-sex twin pairs aged 58.4 ± 9.8 (mean ± SD) years. Lumen diameter (LD) and outer diameter (OD) of a superotemporal retinal artery were measured using adaptive optics fundus photography, and the WLR was calculated. Linear mixed model regression analysis of associations with WLR comprised the descriptive variables ocular axial length (AL), intraocular pressure (IOP), height, weight, body mass index (BMI), smoking, blood pressure, high density (HDL), low density (LDL) and very low density (VLDL) lipoproteins, total cholesterol and triglycerides. The relative influence of genes and environment on WLR was calculated through polygenetic modelling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increasing age and arterial blood pressure were associated with a higher WLR, while increasing retinal artery OD and ocular AL were associated with a lower WLR. Sex, smoking status, BMI, IOP, cholesterol levels or triglycerides had no detectable impact on the WLR. Broad-sense heritability of WLR was 21% (95% CI: 1–41%), while environmental factors accounted for the remaining 79% of the interindividual variance (95% CI: 59–99%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retinal artery wall thickness was closely linked to increasing age and higher arterial blood pressure, the latter being mediated by the environment over genes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"102 4","pages":"e493-e499"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.15755","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10225265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment patterns and visual acuity change of AMD patients, before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns: A large cohort","authors":"Dana Barequet,&nbsp;Reut Shor,&nbsp;Ori Segal,&nbsp;Eran Greenbaum,&nbsp;Omer Trivizki,&nbsp;Anat Loewenstein,&nbsp;Gilad Rabina","doi":"10.1111/aos.15756","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.15756","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the impact of the changes in treatment patterns before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in previously treated neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A multi-centre, retrospective, observational study of consecutive nAMD patients during 2019–2021. Data collected included demographics, BCVA, dates of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections and clinic visits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 1652 eyes of 1652 nAMD patients were included, out of which 850 eyes were assessed in 2019 (pre-COVID-19), 630 eyes were assessed in 2020 (COVID-19) and 974 eyes were assessed in 2021 (post-COVID-19). During the COVID-19 period, the mean number of anti-VEGF injections was significantly lower than the corresponding pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 periods (5.55 compared to 6.13 and 6.60, respectively <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). A constant lower ratio of injections per patient/month was observed during COVID-19 compared to previous and following years, with a notable decline during March–April, reaching a ratio of 0.4 in 2020 versus 0.65 in 2019 and 0.62 in 2021 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Baseline BCVA (0.825, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), number of injections (−0.007, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), gender (−0.027, <i>p</i> = 0.037) and age (0.004, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were shown to be significant predictors of final BCVA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During the COVID-19 period, patients were treated with significantly less intravitreal anti-VEGF injection compared to the previous year with compensation in the following year. These changes in treatment patterns did not have a significant impact on BCVA outcomes. Age, gender, baseline BCVA and number of injections are predictors of final visual outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"102 3","pages":"e322-e327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.15756","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10216618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring quality of vision including negative dysphotopsia","authors":"Natalia Y. Makhotkina,&nbsp;Marjan D. Nijkamp,&nbsp;Tos T. J. M. Berendschot,&nbsp;Bart van den Borne,&nbsp;Moniek Aelen-van Kruchten,&nbsp;Luc van Vught,&nbsp;Jan-Willem M. Beenakker,&nbsp;Edwin Krijgh,&nbsp;Tariq Aslam,&nbsp;Konrad Pesudovs,&nbsp;Rudy M. M. A. Nuijts","doi":"10.1111/aos.15762","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.15762","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To adapt the Quality of Vision Questionnaire (QoV) for measuring negative dysphotopsia and to validate the original and modified versions in the Dutch population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The QoV was translated into Dutch according to standardized methodology. Negative dysphotopsia items were constructed based on focus group interviews, literature review and clinical data. The questionnaire was completed by 404 subjects, including contact lens wearers, patients with cataract and after cataract surgery (95.5% with a monofocal, 4.5% with a multifocal intraocular lens). Rasch analysis was applied for evaluation of reliability and validity of the original QoV and modified version, Negative Dysphotopsia QoV (ND-QoV).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The frequency, severity and bothersome scales of the QoV and ND-QoV demonstrated good measurement precision, good fit statistics for all but one item, but significant mistargeting of more than one logit. Item estimations were stable across the study groups and scales were unidimensional with more than 50% of variance explained by the measurements. There was a positive correlation between questionnaire scores and best corrected visual acuity (<i>r</i> = 0.3, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). The quality of vision measured by all three scales was significantly poorer (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) in patients with negative dysphotopsia compared to asymptomatic pseudophakic patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Dutch version of the QoV questionnaire has shown good psychometric properties comparable to the native version as well as good reliability and validity. The addition of negative dysphotopsia items is a valuable modification for the reliable assessment of quality of vision in pseudophakic patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"102 4","pages":"e510-e519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.15762","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10211169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of glaucoma medications on subsequent Schlemm's canal surgery outcome: Cox proportional hazard model and propensity score-matched analysis","authors":"Mina Okuda-Arai,&nbsp;Sotaro Mori,&nbsp;Fumio Takano,&nbsp;Kaori Ueda,&nbsp;Mari Sakamoto,&nbsp;Yuko Yamada-Nakanishi,&nbsp;Makoto Nakamura","doi":"10.1111/aos.15750","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.15750","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The impact of various preoperative glaucoma medications on Schlemm's canal surgery outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of preoperative glaucoma medications on the postoperative 1-year outcomes of μTLO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed the medical records of 218 patients who underwent their first μTLO to investigate the 1-year postoperative outcomes. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed with surgical failure as the dependent variable and each type of preoperative medication as the independent variable. We also compared the 1-year outcomes of μTLO between users and non-users of specific medications using propensity score matching. Surgical success was defined as a postoperative intraocular pressure ranging from 5 to 21 mmHg, a ≥20% reduction in IOP from baseline, and no additional glaucoma surgery within 1 year postoperatively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that all drugs that do not increase the conventional outflow exhibited hazard ratios greater than 1.0, and the preoperative use of β-blockers and oral CAI was a significant surgical risk factor (hazard ratio: 2.65 and 2.45, <i>p</i> = 0.04 and &lt;0.001). In the propensity score matching analysis, success rates at 1 year postoperatively were 55/85, 54/79, 60/73, and 40/76% for users/non-users of β-blockers, topical CAIs, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, and an oral CAI, respectively. Kaplan–Meier survival curves in these comparisons also demonstrated that preoperative β-blockers and oral CAI use were significant surgical risks (<i>p</i> = 0.01, &lt;0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study suggests that preoperative medications that do not involve conventional pathway outflow have a detrimental effect on subsequent Schlemm's canal surgery outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"102 2","pages":"e178-e184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10211174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment for retinopathy of prematurity in Sweden 2008–2021: Reduced gestational age of treated infants and remaining differences in treatment type and recurrence rates between hospitals","authors":"Gerd Holmström,&nbsp;Ann Hellström,&nbsp;Kristina Teär Fahnehjelm,&nbsp;Lotta Gränse,&nbsp;Karin Sandgren Hochhard,&nbsp;Birgitta Sunnqvist,&nbsp;Kristina Tornqvist,&nbsp;Despoina Tsamadou,&nbsp;Agneta Wallin,&nbsp;Eva Larsson","doi":"10.1111/aos.15751","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.15751","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate various aspects of treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Sweden over the past 14 years, nationally and at a hospital level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data on screening and treatment for ROP in infants born in Sweden from 2008 to 2021 were extracted from the national ROP register, SWEDROP. During this period, Swedish screening guidelines were reduced from gestational age (GA) &lt; 32 weeks to &lt;31 weeks in 2012 and to &lt;30 weeks in 2020.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Altogether, 10 959 infants were screened and 600 infants treated for ROP during the study period. Parallel to changed guidelines, the number of screened infants decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.000) and the incidence of ROP and frequency of treatment increased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), while both remained similar in infants with a GA below 30 weeks. Among treated infants, GA and BW were reduced over the years (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Laser treatment (85.2% of primary treatments) became less common and anti-VEGF injections (13.6%) became more common over time (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Altogether 16 eyes were treated with the encircling band and 13 with vitrectomy. The total frequency of retreatment (32.7% of treated eyes) remained similar over time but was more common after primary anti-VEGF injection (67.7%) than laser treatment (27.2%). There were differences between the seven university hospitals regarding type of treatment and number of retreatments (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The frequency of treatment and retreatment for ROP remained similar over time, but the type of treatment changed and anti-VEGF injections became more common. Differences between treating hospitals emphasize the importance of centralizing the most severe cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"102 4","pages":"401-408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.15751","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10214416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myopia outcome study of atropine in children: Two-year result of daily 0.01% atropine in a European population","authors":"James Loughman,&nbsp;Emmanuel Kobia-Acquah,&nbsp;Gareth Lingham,&nbsp;John Butler,&nbsp;Ekaterina Loskutova,&nbsp;David A. Mackey,&nbsp;Samantha S. Y. Lee,&nbsp;Daniel I. Flitcroft","doi":"10.1111/aos.15761","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.15761","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Myopia Outcome Study of Atropine in Children (MOSAIC) is an investigator-led, double-masked, randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy and safety of 0.01% atropine eye drops for managing myopia progression in a predominantly White, European population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children aged 6–16 years with myopia were randomly allocated 2:1 to nightly 0.01% atropine or placebo eye drops in both eyes for 2 years. The primary outcome was cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) progression at 24 months. Secondary outcomes included axial length (AL) change, safety and acceptability. Linear mixed models with random intercepts were used for statistical analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 250 participants enrolled, 204 (81.6%) completed the 24-month visit (136 (81.4%) treatment, 68 (81.9%) placebo). Baseline characteristics, drop-out and adverse event rates were similar between treatment and control groups. At 24 months, SE change was not significantly different between 0.01% atropine and placebo groups (effect = 0.10 D, <i>p</i> = 0.07), but AL growth was lower in the 0.01% atropine group, compared to the placebo group (−0.07 mm, <i>p</i> = 0.007). Significant treatment effects on SE (0.14 D, <i>p</i> = 0.049) and AL (−0.11 mm, <i>p</i> = 0.002) were observed in children of White, but not non-White (SE = 0.05 D, <i>p</i> = 0.89; AL = 0.008 mm, <i>p</i> = 0.93), ethnicity at 24 months. A larger treatment effect was observed in subjects least affected by COVID-19 restrictions (SE difference = 0.37 D, <i>p</i> = 0.005; AL difference = −0.17 mm, <i>p</i> = 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Atropine 0.01% was safe, well-tolerated and effective in slowing axial elongation in this European population. Treatment efficacy varied by ethnicity and eye colour, and potentially by degree of COVID-19 public health restriction exposure during trial participation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"102 3","pages":"e245-e256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.15761","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10200789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}