Acta Ophthalmologica最新文献

{"title":"Fundus autofluorescence lifetimes in age-related macular degeneration versus healthy controls in a pseudophakic population.","authors":"Jana Oertel, Dominik Fischer, Melih Tarhan, Daniel Meller, Martin Hammer","doi":"10.1111/aos.17519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To check whether prolonged fundus autofluorescence (FAF) lifetimes in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) could be an artefact resulting from lens fluorescence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) was performed in pseudophakic intermediate AMD as well as healthy controls. The median values of FAF lifetimes in the centre, the inner and the outer ring of the ETDRS grid, obtained as amplitude-weighted mean of the lifetimes from a three-exponential fit of the fluorescence decay over time in two spectral channels, as well as peak emission wavelengths (PEW) were compared between patients and controls. The age dependence of FAF lifetime was checked per group. In the patient cohort, FAF lifetimes of individuals with and without subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD) were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-four AMD patients (mean age 80.0 ± 6.0 years) and 26 controls (mean age 73.0 ± 10.2 years) were included. The FAF lifetimes of a subgroup of patients (N = 25, mean age 76.3 ± 5.6 years), age-matched to the controls, were significantly longer than those of the controls (all grid areas and spectral channels p < 0.001). FAF lifetimes increased with age in the controls (p = 0.006-0.03), but not in the patients. Patients with SDD had longer FAF lifetimes than those without (p = 0.003-0.068). PEW neither showed significant group differences nor age dependence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although long fluorescence lifetimes of the lens can affect FAF lifetime measurements, prolonged FAF lifetimes in AMD are specific to the disease and not a lens artefact as shown in pseudophakic eyes. The effect of AMD on the lifetimes outweighs that of age. Patients with SDD, who have a higher risk of AMD progression, also show longer FAF lifetimes.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of central serous chorioretinopathy in Denmark.","authors":"Ida N Frederiksen, Danson V Muttuvelu, Rodrigo Anguita, Lasse J Cehofski, Nathalie S Eriksen, Carsten Faber, Mads K Falk, Lorenzo Ferro Desideri, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Jakob Grauslund, Michael Stormly Hansen, Josef Huemer, Morten B Larsen, Ligor P Kiruparajan, Chris B Søndergaard, Andrea Taloni, Tobias E Torp-Pedersen, Elon H C van Dijk, Marie L R Rasmussen, Yousif Subhi","doi":"10.1111/aos.17520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a prevalent maculopathy, but epidemiological studies are few. In this study, we determined the prevalence of CSC for the first time in a Scandinavian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was based on nationwide opportunistic retinal examination from 79 high street chain optician stores in Denmark. Retinal imaging was made using non-mydriatic colour fundus photography. Any abnormal result in the optometrist-facilitated retinal examination was referred to tele-ophthalmologic evaluation, which was performed by experienced consultant ophthalmologists who diagnosed CSC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the 4-year study period, a total of 968 610 unique individuals underwent retinal examination, which corresponded to 16.3% of the entire population of Denmark. Of these, 113 individuals were diagnosed with CSC, which corresponded to a prevalence of 14 per 100 000. Individuals with CSC presented at a mean age of 48.2 ± 12.3 years; however, CSC was present in a large age range as both teenagers and the elderly with CSC were identified. Male biological sex was a statistically significant risk factor (odds ratio: 2.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.64-3.33, p < 0.0001). By extrapolating prevalence numbers to population statistics, we estimate that 219 females and 511 males had CSC in Denmark in December 2022.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified a prevalence of 14 per 100 000, confirmed male biological sex as a significant risk factor for CSC, and found that the disease most commonly occurs among individuals aged 30-60 years. Further studies with multimodal imaging including optical coherence tomography are warranted for better accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143951864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of posterior staphyloma morphology on macular hole closure patterns in highly myopic eyes.","authors":"Matteo Mario Carlà, Laura De Luca, Giorgia Campaniello, Francesco Mottola, Mattia Cusato, Gianmarco Oreste, Emanuele Crincoli, Fiammetta Catania, Gloria Gambini, Tomaso Caporossi, Elise Philippakis, Aude Couturier, Stanislao Rizzo, Carlos Mateo","doi":"10.1111/aos.17521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine how posterior staphyloma morphology affects macular hole closure patterns in highly myopic eyes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study analysing 188 highly myopic macular holes (MMH) with axial length ≥ 26.5 mm that underwent surgery with either internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling or inverted flap technique over a 10-year period. Posterior staphylomas were classified as: none, wide macular, narrow macular or peripapillary. Closure patterns were categorized according to Rossi's classification (0A-C, 1A-C, 2A-D). Statistical analysis examined associations between staphyloma types and closure patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ILM peeling and inverted flap showed similar overall anatomical success rates (97.4% vs. 97.3%). Type 1 closure predominated with ILM peeling (97.4% vs. 57.3%), while Type 2 closure was exclusive of ILM inverted flap (40.0%). Staphyloma morphology significantly influenced closure patterns in the ILM inverted flap group. Eyes with wide macular staphyloma had lower odds of Type 2 closure (OR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06-0.53, p = 0.002), while the peripapillary one was associated with higher risk (OR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.13-5.92, p = 0.029). In multivariate analysis, narrow and peripapillary staphylomas remained independent predictors of Type 2 closure. Specific closure subtypes showed distinct associations with staphyloma types: narrow macular with Type 2A closure and peripapillary with Type 2A and 2C closure. Larger MMH (≥400 μm) in eyes with peripapillary staphyloma had the highest rate of Type 2 closure (80.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Posterior staphyloma morphology significantly influences MMH closure patterns in highly myopic eyes, especially with the ILM inverted flap technique. The posterior segment geometry likely affects gas-retina contact during recovery, resulting in different closure patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individuals with severe visual field loss from stroke and glaucoma could have on-road driving safety comparable to normally sighted drivers.","authors":"Tomas Bro, Jan Andersson","doi":"10.1111/aos.17512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vision is a critical component of safe driving, yet establishing effective legal vision requirements for driver licensing remains challenging. Current EU regulations mandate minimum standards for visual acuity and visual fields, but also allow exemptions based on practical driving tests. This study investigates the on-road driving performance of individuals with visual field loss (VFL) who regained their licences after passing a simulator-based assessment, compared to age-matched and younger, normally sighted controls.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included 72 individuals with VFL who had successfully completed a simulator test and regained their driver's licences. Each participant was matched with an age- and gender-matched normally sighted control and a younger normally sighted control (in total 212 participants). All participants underwent a standardized on-road driving test administered by certified examiners blinded to group allocation. The test evaluated vehicle knowledge, eco-driving, adherence to traffic rules and traffic safety/behaviour using the Swedish national driving test protocol. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess factors influencing pass rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with VFL achieved a pass rate of 68%, comparable to the age-matched controls (66%) but lower than the younger controls (81%). No significant differences were observed in the proportions of passed tests, test elements, driving habits or interventions across groups. Within the VFL group, neither diagnosis type (e.g., glaucoma, stroke) nor the extent of visual field loss predicted test outcomes. While older groups (VFL and age-matched controls) received more remarks regarding observational competence compared to younger controls, no differences emerged in risk identification or other competence areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that individuals with VFL can drive as safely as age-matched, normally sighted controls. Simulator and on-road tests are critical tools for individualized assessment, challenging the sole reliance on perimetry for licensing decisions. These findings support the inclusion of practical on-road driving tests as a regulatory option for individuals with VFL, promoting mobility while maintaining road safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of anticholinergic eye drops on intraorbital, periorbital and brain pulsation power.","authors":"Seyed Mohsen Ebrahimi, Niko Huotari, Ville Saarela, Marja Honkamo, Lauri Raitamaa, Vesa Korhonen, Johanna Tuunanen, Janne Kananen, Vesa Kiviniemi","doi":"10.1111/aos.17510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The study aims to investigate the effect of pharmacologically reducing parasympathetic activity on ocular and cerebral pulsations, inspired by recent discoveries of a glymphatic-like system in the eye driven by physiological pulsations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-six healthy volunteers were subjected to fMREye imaging, with 23 receiving topical tropicamide and 23 serving as controls. Additionally, 83 healthy volunteers were scanned using 3D whole-brain magnetic resonance encephalography (MREG). Ocular pulsation power across very low-frequency, respiratory and cardiac bands was quantified in each individual.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Topical tropicamide significantly reduced physiological pulsation power throughout the eye, including the cornea, lens, vitreous body, retina and optic nerve. Similar reductions were observed in the untreated eye, indicating potential systemic effects. In the brain, significant pulsation changes were noted in the venous sinus and internal carotid artery following tropicamide application.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest parasympathetic activity is crucial in modulating physiological pulsations in both ocular and cerebral glymphatic pathways. This interplay may have implications for conditions involving impaired fluid dynamics, such as glaucoma and traumatic brain injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidermal growth factor receptor antibody and axial elongation in experimental myopia.","authors":"Li Dong, Wen-Da Zhou, Yu-Hang Yang, Ru-Heng Zhang, Han-Qing Zhao, Chu-Yao Yu, He-Yan Li, Shan-Shan Wang, Hao-Tian Wu, Jiao-Yue Dong, Xu-Han Shi, Ze-Tong Zheng, Jost B Jonas, Wen-Bin Wei","doi":"10.1111/aos.17516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effect of intraocularly applied epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody panitumumab on axial elongation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a preclinical, safety, and efficacy experimental study. Guinea pigs aged 2-3 weeks were fitted with bilateral plano lenses (Group I; n = 10) or underwent bilateral lens-induced myopization (LIM) (Group II; n = 10) with no intravitreal injections. Animals with LIM of Groups III (n = 15), IV (n = 15) and V (n = 15) received three 4-weekly intravitreal injections of panitumumab at doses of 25, 50 and 100 μg, respectively, into their right eyes, and of phosphate-buffered saline into their left eyes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inter-eye differences in axial elongation (right eye minus left eye at study end) decreased (p < 0.001) from 0.00 ± 0.02 mm (Group I) and - 0.01 ± 0.02 mm (Group II) to -0.09 ± 0.03 mm (Group III), -0.12 ± 0.03 mm (Group IV) and - 0.17 ± 0.05 mm (Group V). Interocular choroidal thickness differences (measured by optical coherence tomography) increased (p < 0.01) from Groups I and II to Groups III-V. Western blot analysis showed an increase (p < 0.05) in expression levels of EGFR and its downstream phosphorylated signalling molecule, p-PI3K, in Group II compared to Group I and a decrease in Groups III-V compared to Group II (all p < 0.01). Interocular differences in retinal thickness did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between the groups. TUNEL staining revealed no significant differences in retinal apoptotic cell density among any groups (all p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intravitreally administered panitumumab in young guinea pigs with LIM resulted in a dose-dependent and treatment frequency-dependent reduction in axial elongation, supporting the role of EGFR signalling in axial elongation.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of treatment routine using aflibercept: Strict vs. relaxed retreatment regimen (TOLERANT study)-A non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Damian Jaggi, Lieselotte E Berger, Sandrine Zweifel, Matthias D Becker, Stephan Michels, Odile Stalder, Joel-Benjamin Lincke, Oussama Habra, Sebastian Wolf, Martin S Zinkernagel","doi":"10.1111/aos.17514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This trial evaluated the noninferiority of a relaxed compared to a strict treat-and-extend treatment strategy in patients with neovascular Age-related macular degeneration (AMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multicenter, randomized, controlled, phase IV, non-inferiority clinical trial. Patients with treatment-naïve nAMD were randomized 1:1 to a relaxed or strict treat-and-extend treatment regimen. Aflibercept 2 mg/0.05 mL was used. In the relaxed regimen, up to 100 μm subfoveal subretinal fluid was tolerated, vs. no tolerance of any fluid in the strict regimen. The primary outcome was the change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA; ETDRS letters) from baseline to the end of the study at week 104 and its difference between the two treatment arms, with a 5-letter non-inferiority margin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We randomized 150 patients. The full analysis showed non-inferiority of the relaxed treatment, with a mean difference of -0.12 letters (95%-CI: -3.45 to infinity, H0; mean. diff. ≤ 5 letters: p = 0.008), and a visual acuity gain of 7.3 (4.82; 9.78) vs. 7.01 (3.67; 10.36) letters in the strict vs. relaxed regimen, respectively. Many patients deviated from the protocol due to Covid-19. Per-protocol analysis showed a mean difference of -1.78 letters (95%-CI: -6.61 to infinity, H0; mean. diff. ≤ 5 letters: p = 0.136). Fewer injections were needed in the relaxed regimen, with a mean difference of -2.34 (95%-CI: -4.11 to -0.56, p = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tolerating up to 100 μm subfoveal subretinal fluid achieves good visual outcomes in our 24-month follow-up period, in patients treated with aflibercept for nAMD, with significantly fewer injections needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fast protocol for photodynamic therapy in exudative choroidal circumscribed hemangioma: Early laser irradiance after end of verteporfin infusion.","authors":"Paul Dubar, Thibaud Mathis, Emilie Hucteau, Juliette Thariat, Maxime Nhari, Célia Maschi, Carsten Faber, Jens Folke Kiilgaard, Carlo Mosci, Catherine Favard, Sarah Tick, Anh-Minh Nguyen, Jean-Pierre Caujolle, Marie-Noëlle Delyfer, Laurence Rosier","doi":"10.1111/aos.17513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of the study is to compare the risk of first-line photodynamic therapy (PDT) failure according to the PDT protocol performed in patients with exudative choroidal circumscribed hemangioma (CCH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively included patients from 11 European centres in France, Italy and Denmark. Two groups were established: patients treated with Standard Protocol PDT (SP-PDT) and patients treated with a 'Fast' Protocol PDT (FP-PDT), characterised by laser irradiation without delay after the end of the verteporfin infusion (8 min after start of infusion). We analysed groups on the risk of exudative CCH recurrence requiring a second line of treatment, defining the first-line PDT failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 111 patients were included in the study: 76 treated with the SP-PDT and 35 with the FP-PDT. First-line PDT failure was observed for 45 patients (59%) in the SP-PDT group and 9 patients (26%) in the FP-PDT group, with a median follow-up of 3.5 [1.7-6.7] years and 2.3 [0.8-3.9] years, respectively. Final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improvement did not differ between groups (p = 0.49). A multivariate survival analysis including initial CCH thickness and initial BCVA was performed over a two-year follow-up period: FP-PDT as first-line treatment was significantly associated with a lower risk of PDT failure [HR = 0.27, 95%CI (0.11-0.65)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FP-PDT shows encouraging results in the treatment of CCHs, as it is associated with a lower risk of PDT failure. It may therefore represent an interesting avenue for optimised PDT parameters, although these results need to be confirmed by randomised trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and safety of repeated photodynamic therapy in recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy.","authors":"F M van den Tillaart, A Komrojan, C B Hoyng, J P Martinez Ciriano, S Yzer","doi":"10.1111/aos.17511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate anatomical and functional outcomes after a second photodynamic therapy (PDT) in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), who had a recurrence of subretinal fluid (SRF) after a previously successful PDT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this multicentre retrospective cohort study, we included patients with CSC who underwent a second PDT because of a recurrence of SRF after an effective first PDT with complete SRF resolution. Diagnosis of CSC was based on multimodal imaging. We evaluated the complete resolution rate of SRF after a second PDT with reduced settings. Also, visual acuity (VA), subfoveal ellipsoid zone (EZ) and subfoveal external limiting membrane (ELM) integrity before and after the first and the second PDT were studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 88 patients were studied, of whom 18% were female. The mean age was 51.3 ± 10.5 years at the second PDT. At the first follow-up visit after the second PDT (median of 44 days [IQR 40-51] after PDT), a complete resolution of SRF occurred in 64% of eyes. The median VA was 0.15 LogMAR before the second PDT and improved to 0.05 LogMAR (p < 0.001) after PDT. The EZ was continuous in 3% of patients before the second PDT, and EZ continuity increased to 27% at the first follow-up visit after PDT. No new atrophy was observed after the second PDT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A second PDT with reduced settings in recurrent CSC is effective and safe in the short term, as significant anatomical and functional improvement was observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term follow-up of eight patients with long chain 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.","authors":"Magdalena Hubert, Maciej Gawęcki","doi":"10.1111/aos.17517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.17517","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143956992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}