Marine Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"A Multi-omics Atlas of Gonadal Sex Differences and Characterization of the dmrt1 Gene in Gymnocypris Eckloni Herzenstein","authors":"Luo Lei,&nbsp;Yinhua Zhou,&nbsp;Qing Liu,&nbsp;Hejiao Li,&nbsp;Wuga Sha,&nbsp;Chaoyang Li,&nbsp;Suxing Fu,&nbsp;Yuting Duan,&nbsp;Rongrong Liao,&nbsp;Can Liu,&nbsp;Dapeng Gu,&nbsp;Linzhen Li,&nbsp;Haiping Liu,&nbsp;Chaowei Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10126-025-10541-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-025-10541-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Gymnocypris eckloni Herzenstein</i> (<i>G. eckloni</i>), an economically important species within the subfamily Schizothoracinae, exhibits significant sexual dimorphism, rendering all-female aquaculture highly profitable. However, the molecular mechanisms governing sex regulation in this species remain poorly understood. This study employed integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of mature male and female gonads to uncover sex-related differences in <i>G. eckloni</i>. Metabolomic profiling in both positive (POS) and negative (NEG) ion modes revealed distinct metabolite profiles, identifying 204 and 261 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), respectively. These DEMs were enriched in key pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism (POS) and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids (NEG). Transcriptome sequencing revealed 18,687 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including prominent sex-related genes such as <i>dmrt1</i>,<i> foxl2</i>, and <i>sox9b</i>. Integrated KEGG pathway analysis of DEGs and DEMs highlighted shared pathways, including biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and parathyroid hormone synthesis, secretion and action. Among the DEGs, we focused on “<i>dmrt1</i>”, a gene widely associated with male gonad development in vertebrates. Our analysis revealed that its coding sequence (CDS) is 780 bp, encoding 260 amino acid residues. Phylogenetic and structural analyses confirmed the evolutionary conservation of <i>dmrt1</i> among teleosts. qRT-PCR results indicated significantly higher dmrt1 expression in testes compared to other tissues (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Chemical in situ hybridization (CISH) localized dmrt1 mRNA primarily to spermatogonia. Hormonal treatments revealed that <i>dmrt1</i> expression was significantly upregulated in both female and male gonads following methyltestosterone (MT) injection, peaking at 24 h (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), whereas estradiol (E2) treatment led to downregulation. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-related biology in <i>G. eckloni</i>, providing valuable insights for potential sex control strategies in aquaculture and advancing sex differentiation studies in Schizothoracinae fishes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147281551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 Regulates Skeletal Muscle Development in Spotted Sea Bass (Lateolabrax maculatus)","authors":"Jing Yang,&nbsp;Chengtian Li,&nbsp;Jianshuang Li,&nbsp;Xuanhan Zhang,&nbsp;Chenpeng Zuo,&nbsp;Haishen Wen,&nbsp;Yun Li,&nbsp;Xin Qi","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10588-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10588-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is a conserved member of the insulin superfamily, playing essential roles in growth and skeletal muscle development in vertebrates. However, its molecular functions in marine teleosts remain largely unexplored. In this study, we cloned and characterized the <i>igf2</i> gene from the spotted sea bass (<i>Lateolabrax maculatus</i>), a commercially important aquaculture species. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the IGF2 protein contains conserved structural domains and forms a phylogenetically clade with teleost IGF2b sequences. Tissue expression profiling and in situ hybridization confirmed strong hepatic expression of <i>igf2</i>, with localized cytoplasmic signals in hepatocytes. In skeletal muscle, expression analyses further indicated differential expression patterns among IGF receptors, with <i>igf1ra</i> transcripts prominently localized to the subsarcolemmal region of muscle fibers. To assess its function, recombinant IGF2 (rIGF2) was expressed and purified in <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Functional assays demonstrated that rIGF2 significantly enhanced myoblast proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, as evidenced by EdU incorporation and CCK-8 assays. Furthermore, rIGF2 promoted myotube formation and upregulated the expression of myogenic regulatory factors (<i>myod</i>, <i>myog</i>) and mitochondrial dynamics-related genes (<i>mfn1b</i>, <i>mfn2</i>, <i>opa1</i>, and <i>fis1</i>), suggesting a role in both differentiation and mitochondrial remodeling. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into IGF2 function in teleost skeletal muscle development and offer a molecular basis for future studies on growth regulation and selective breeding in marine aquaculture species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147281588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of Biopharmaceutical Proteins from Scallop Hemocytes as a Bioreactor Using Improved Transfection Conditions","authors":"Taro Tsuda,&nbsp;Akari Sakaguchi,&nbsp;Kazue Nagasawa","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10583-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10583-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the widespread use of protein-based biopharmaceuticals, conventional production systems using mammalian cells and <i>E.coli</i> have some limitations, including the absence of post-translational modifications and potential risk of viral contamination. To address this, we investigated a novel platform using primary hemocyte culture from Yesso scallop (<i>Mizuhopecten yessoensis</i>) as a bioreactor, leveraging the strong activity of the OsHV-1 promoter in bivalve cells. The optimal condition for cell culture and transfection in a 12-well plate were established by adjusting the Penicillin-Streptomycin concentration, seeding cell number, hemolymph-to-medium ratio, and the volume of transfection reagent to 20 U/mL, 2 × 10⁶ cells/well, 600 µL of diluted hemolymph to 300 µL of L-15 × 2, and 200 µL of X-tremeGENE transfection component into 900 µL of culture medium, respectively. Under these optimized conditions, recombinant human growth hormone (hGH) was successfully expressed in scallop hemocyte culture and its expression was confirmed at both mRNA and protein levels. The yield of hGH extracted from hemocyte cultures was up to 13.92 ± 4.77 pg/1 × 10⁶ cells in a 12-well plate. We also achieved expression and secretion of human erythropoietin (hEPO) into the culture medium. This study is the first to demonstrate not only human gene expression in molluscan cells but also propose a new platform using molluscan cells for in vitro biopharmaceutical production.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12924854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146257008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diketopiperazines with In vivo Antimalarial Activity from Sponge-derived Streptomyces sp. 13-12-16","authors":"Loganathan Karthik,&nbsp;Arivarasan Vishnu Kirthi,&nbsp;Anirban Sengupta,&nbsp;Tarun Keswani,&nbsp;Yingxin Li,&nbsp;Shivakumar Banakar,&nbsp;Arindam Bhattachariya,&nbsp;Zhiyong Li","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10587-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10587-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Marine microbes are a significant source of natural products (NPs) with marine drug development potential. In this study, we investigated NPs with antimalarial activity from <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. 13-12-16 derived from the sponge <i>Smenospongia aurea aurea</i>. Cyclo [L-Leu-F 4-hydroxy-L-Pro] (Compound A), Cyclo- 4-OH-(L)-Pro-(L)-Phe (Compound B) were isolated from <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. 13-12-16. <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> ANKA (PbA)-infected mice showed a reduction in blood parasitaemia (nearly 20% survival at 12 dpi) and an increase in body weight (60%) in the presence of the compounds Cyclo [L-Leu- 4-hydroxy-L-Pro], Cyclo [4-OH-(L)-Pro-(L)-Phe] (i.e. LK16F3 and LK3-1), the M1 subtype of peritoneal macrophages returned to normal, with an increase in phagocytic capacity and a decrease in pro-inflammatory response. TNFa-l levels were reduced after treatment with compounds LK16F3 and LK3-1, leading to a decrease in inflammation-driven immune responses. Thus, diketopiperazines compounds Cyclo [L-Leu- 4-hydroxy-L-Pro], Cyclo [4-OH-(L)-Pro-(L)-Phe](i.e. LK16F3 and LK3-1) possess enormous potential as antimalarial therapeutic regimens for cerebral malaria infection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146256950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of an Enhanced Phage Display Library of Artificially Randomized vNARs from Cloudy Catshark (Scyliorhinus Torazame) and Screening against Miamiensis Avidus","authors":"Eun Gyeong Lee,&nbsp;Mariem Bessaid,&nbsp;Jun Soung Kwak,&nbsp;Ki Hong Kim","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10585-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10585-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Single-domain antibodies (sdAbs), particularly variable new antigen receptors (vNARs) from cartilaginous fish, represent promising tools for therapeutic and diagnostic applications due to their small size, high stability, and binding versatility. In this study, we developed a semi-synthetic, open reading frame (ORF)-enriched vNAR library from the cloudy catshark (<i>Scyliorhinus torazame</i>) and optimized it for efficient expression in <i>Escherichia coli</i> through codon optimization. To improve the precision of selection, a β-lactamase-based ORF filtering system and a trypsin-sensitive helper phage packaging system were incorporated to minimize non-functional clones and helper phage contamination. The resulting vNAR library exhibited high diversity and functionality, as demonstrated by successful biopanning against both model (hen egg white lysozyme) and pathogenic (<i>Miamiensis avidus</i>) targets. Screening against <i>M. avidus</i> resulted in the isolation of vNAR-displaying phage clones with robust and specific surface-binding activity, as validated by ELISA and live-cell binding assays. These results highlight the utility of synthetic vNAR libraries in developing specific molecular binders and suggest their potential application in controlling scuticociliatosis in aquaculture.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146256977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome Resequencing Reveals the Sex Determination System and Develops a Sex-specific Marker in Fat Greenling (Hexagrammos otakii)","authors":"Duan Liao,&nbsp;Yangqing Zhang,&nbsp;Chunlong Miao,&nbsp;Shuo Li,&nbsp;Weijing Li,&nbsp;Chen Li,&nbsp;Ivana Felipe da Rosa,&nbsp;Lucas Benites Doretto,&nbsp;Yuyan Liu,&nbsp;Qian Wang,&nbsp;Kaiqiang Liu,&nbsp;Hong-Yan Wang,&nbsp;Changwei Shao","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10578-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10578-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Teleost fishes display remarkable diversity in sex determination mechanisms, yet this aspect remains uninvestigated in the family Hexagrammidae. In this study, we performed whole-genome resequencing of <i>Hexagrammos otakii</i> to characterize its sex determination system. Genome-wide association studies and population differentiation index analysis identified chromosome 9 as the sex chromosome, supporting a male heterogametic (XY) system. A 3.11 Mb sex-determining region (SDR) was delineated, containing the potential candidate gene <i>gdf6a</i>. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the <i>H. otakii</i> sex chromosome is non-homologous to those reported in other Cottioidei species, suggesting an independent origin and a dynamic evolutionary trajectory. In addition, we identified a 99 bp male-specific deletion within the SDR and developed a PCR-based marker that successfully differentiates sex with 100% accuracy. This study provides the first characterization of a sex chromosome in Hexagrammidae and offers a practical tool for sex-controlled breeding and germplasm management in <i>H. otakii</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146211837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stronger Adaptability of Eukaryotic Communities than Prokaryotes in Seawater across an Extensive Salinity Gradient","authors":"Shan Gao,&nbsp;Wei Zhao,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Guan,&nbsp;Zelong Zhao,&nbsp;Bai Wang,&nbsp;Yao Xiao,&nbsp;Guohan Zhang,&nbsp;Yongjia Pan,&nbsp;Hongjuan Sun,&nbsp;Pingzhe Jiang,&nbsp;Rui Mi,&nbsp;Jingwei Jiang,&nbsp;Zunchun Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10584-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10584-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Researching microbial ecology in extreme environments is crucial for advancing the basic ecological theory and exploring their potential applications in biotechnology. The salt drying system provides an accessible but harsh environment that covers a maximum salinity gradient. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the salinity adaptation and assembly mechanisms of prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities in several salt drying tanks using high-throughput amplicon sequencing and multiple ecological analyses. The beta diversity analysis, based on the unweighted and weighted Unifrac distances, revealed significant variations in microbial community compositions along the salinity gradient, with stronger influences on prokaryotes. Species turnover was the primary mechanism driving the beta diversity patterns, which was regulated by the local species pool. Further comparisons of multiple niche and adaptation indices indicated that seawater eukaryotic communities exhibited stronger salinity adaptability than prokaryotes. In addition, the beta deviation index suggested that heterogeneous processes shaped the microbial communities. Moreover, the neutral community model showed higher dispersal ability of eukaryotes than prokaryotes. Also, they were stochastic and deterministic dominant communities along the salinity gradient, respectively. Overall, our findings contributed significantly to understanding the microbial ecology in relation to salinity gradients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal Molecular Mechanism in Hybrid Crucian Carp (Carassius cuvieri♀ × Carassius auratus Red var♂) after Gut Infection with Aeromonas hydrophila L3-3","authors":"Fei Wang,&nbsp;Wei-Sheng Luo,&nbsp;Zi-Le Qin,&nbsp;Jian Li,&nbsp;Si-Ze Xiao,&nbsp;Sheng-Wei Luo","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10577-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10577-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> is an important etiologic agent that can pose a significant threat to the health of aquatic animals. Nonetheless, the immunometabolic crosstalk of hybrid crucian carp (WR, <i>Carassius cuvieri</i>♀ × <i>Carassius auratus</i> red var♂) after gut infection remains largely understudied. In this study, WRs receiving gut infection with <i>A. hydrophila</i> L3-3 displayed increased levels of tissue damage and antioxidant collapse. Then, multiomics analyses indicated that fatty acid metabolism may be considered as the crucial metabolic pathways in midgut of WRs following gut infection with <i>A. hydrophila</i> L3-3, with FFA(14:1) and Ser-Ile-Asn-Lys acting as pivotal biomarkers. These findings may clarify the immunometabolic response and identify the molecular regulatory mechanisms in gut tract of WRs after <i>A. hydrophila</i> L3-3 infection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycine Drives IMP Production in Hybrid Bream (Megalobrama Amblycephala ♀ × Culter Alburnus ♂) Via Concerted Action: Activating glycyl-tRNA Synthetase and Fueling the Pentose Phosphate Pathway","authors":"Zhehua Xu,&nbsp;Weiting Zhang,&nbsp;Ruijie Zhan,&nbsp;Jiefan Zhou,&nbsp;Man Chen,&nbsp;Yonghua Zhou,&nbsp;Fufa Qu,&nbsp;Rong Zhou,&nbsp;Shaochun Liu,&nbsp;Shenping Cao,&nbsp;Jianzhou Tang,&nbsp;Zhen Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10579-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10579-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inosine monophosphate (IMP), a pivotal umami-enhancing nucleotide abundant in fish muscle, significantly influences palatability. This study investigates the dual regulatory mechanism by which glycine (Gly) promotes IMP biosynthesis in primary myoblasts of hybrid bream (<i>Megalobrama amblycephala</i> ♀ × <i>Culter alburnus</i> ♂, BBTB). We demonstrate that Gly activates glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GARS) and fuels the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) to synergistically enhance IMP de novo synthesis. Molecular characterization revealed a 2256 bp <i>gars</i> cDNA sequence encoding a 751 amino acid protein in BBTB, with molecular docking confirming Gly-GARS binding. Treatment with 800 µM Gly significantly increased intracellular IMP content and upregulated mRNA expression of eight core IMP biosynthesis genes (<i>gars</i>, <i>gart</i>, <i>paics</i>, <i>adsl</i>, <i>atic</i>, <i>ppat</i>, <i>hprt</i>, <i>ampd1</i>). Crucially, siRNA-mediated <i>gars</i> knockdown in myoblasts completely abolished Gly-induced IMP synthesis and the de novo synthesis pathway, demonstrating that functional GARS is essential for this regulation. Furthermore, Gly enhanced pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux by facilitating the synthesis of glutathione (GSH), thereby ensuring the provision of IMP precursors. These findings unveil a novel dual-pathway mechanism: Gly orchestrates IMP biosynthesis through concurrent GARS activation and PPP-driven precursor provision, providing a theoretical foundation for designing amino acid-based feed additives to improve umami quality in aquaculture.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146140768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The microRNA Targeting Cu/Zn-SOD Increases the Susceptibility To WSSV Under Ammonia Stress in Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Dehui Sun,&nbsp;Xiuke Ouyang,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Fengjuan Jiang,&nbsp;Qing Nie,&nbsp;Xia Lu","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10571-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10571-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The high concentration of ammonia from deteriorated aquaculture environments and intensive culture system increases the susceptibility to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and causes high mortality in Pacific white shrimp <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>. However, its molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. In the present study, small RNA sequencing was performed for understanding the molecular mechanism of acute ammonia toxicity increasing susceptibility to WSSV in Pacific white shrimp with the individuals under normal conditions (LC group), ammonia stress (LA group), WSSV infection (LV group), and WSSV infection with ammonia stress (LAV group). Compared with other groups, more significantly upregulated differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified in the LAV group, which targeted to the immune-, energy metabolism-, and ROS scavenging-related genes. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the target genes of the DEMs in LA and LAV groups (both with ammonia stress) were specially involved in viral carcinogenesis, and those in LAV group were also specially involved in hippo signaling pathway and chemokine signaling pathway. The copper zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) was predicted as the target gene of the specific DEMs of novel_59 and novel_71 in the LAV group. The mRNA expression and enzyme activity of Cu/Zn-SOD was significantly lower in the LAV group than other groups, but the ROS production rate was the highest in the LAV. This study provides new insights for understanding the molecular mechanism of high WSSV-infection under ammonia toxicity in shrimps from the post-transcriptional perspective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146140754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}