Chemical Society Reviews最新文献_第8页

Electrochemical mining of critical metals. 关键金属的电化学开采。

IF 48.3 1区化学

Chemical Society Reviews Pub Date : 2026-08-17 DOI: 10.1039/d6cs00560h

Valery Okatenko, Yuge Feng, Irina L Sinenko, Juan Wang, Ahmad Elgazzar, Zikai Qian, Haotian Wang

{"title":"Electrochemical mining of critical metals.","authors":"Valery Okatenko, Yuge Feng, Irina L Sinenko, Juan Wang, Ahmad Elgazzar, Zikai Qian, Haotian Wang","doi":"10.1039/d6cs00560h","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6cs00560h","url":null,"abstract":"Humanity development has been driven by new materials since the dawn of time. Methods to mine, process, and use metals, as well as their importance for a certain age - their criticality - always evolved in parallel with civilization. With growing demand for resources, supply chain risks and urgent need to transition to a circular economy, it is imperative to develop sustainable, decentralized alternatives to traditional mining of the current critical metals. In this review, we are giving an overview of existing approaches towards critical metals mining, discussing the limitations and risks associated with these methods, and introducing emerging approaches to obtain them. Our key focus is the extraction, separation, and production of critical metals enabled by electrochemical processes, which we define as electrochemical mining. As we introduce the fundamentals behind these methods and discuss their attributes at different scales, from the electrode to the system level, we provide the state-of-the-art use cases of several key element groups such as Li, noble metals, and 3d-metals in electrochemical mining. Overall, this review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the progress obtained so far in this emerging field and identify the key directions for its further development.","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"8454-8497"},"PeriodicalIF":48.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148443563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Antibacterial drug discovery: challenges and preclinical promises from synthetic small molecules. 更正：抗菌药物的发现：来自合成小分子的挑战和临床前承诺。

IF 48.3 1区化学

Chemical Society Reviews Pub Date : 2026-08-17 DOI: 10.1039/d6cs90068b

Guilherme F S Fernandes, Seong-Heun Kim, Jean L Dos Santos, Yuhang Wang, Christelle Soudy, Joanna Redmond, Daniele Castagnolo, Matthew Todd

引用次数: 0

Multiscale cathode design for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. 高温质子交换膜燃料电池的多尺度阴极设计。

IF 48.3 1区化学

Chemical Society Reviews Pub Date : 2026-08-04 DOI: 10.1039/d6cs00242k

Zhuo-Qi Shi, Liang Ding, Ze-Cheng Yao, Tang Tang, Rui Cao, Jin-Song Hu

{"title":"Multiscale cathode design for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells.","authors":"Zhuo-Qi Shi, Liang Ding, Ze-Cheng Yao, Tang Tang, Rui Cao, Jin-Song Hu","doi":"10.1039/d6cs00242k","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6cs00242k","url":null,"abstract":"High temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) are highly promising energy conversion devices featuring the benefits of their superior reaction kinetics, simplified water and thermal management systems, tolerance to CO-containing reactant gases, and being compatible with hydrogen production via industrial fuel reforming processes. However, due to the phosphoric acid (PA)-doped membranes being the primary proton exchange membranes (PEMs) used in HT-PEMFCs, the PA leaching from the membrane during the operation degrades platinum (Pt)-based oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts and the cathode catalyst layer, causing insufficient performance of HT-PEMFCs, which hinders their application. Although extensive research has been conducted to enhance the activity and durability of HT-PEMFCs, there remains a significant gap toward practical implementation, which stems from incomplete fundamental understanding of atomic-scale catalysts, reaction interfacial kinetics, and catalyst layer structure engineering. To fill the aforementioned research gap, this review summarizes recent developments in cathode catalysts, catalytic interface, and catalyst layers from a multiscale view of HT-PEMFCs. Beginning with the fundamental principles, the theoretical insights into PA-induced catalyst poisoning and catalyst layer degradation are first provided. Innovative design in ORR catalysts and catalytic interfaces with enhanced PA resistance and reaction kinetics is then presented. Additionally, approaches to optimizing the cathode catalyst layer are discussed from a practical application perspective. Finally, an outlook on the remaining challenges and prospects in this field is provided, aiming to facilitate the advancement of HT-PEMFCs.","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"8035-8072"},"PeriodicalIF":48.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MOFs, COFs and other porous framework materials for water purification. 用于水净化的mof、COFs等多孔框架材料。

IF 46.2 1区化学

Chemical Society Reviews Pub Date : 2026-07-21 DOI: 10.1039/d6cs00594b

Sahel Fajal,Subhajit Dutta,Kishalay Biswas,Sujit K Ghosh

{"title":"MOFs, COFs and other porous framework materials for water purification.","authors":"Sahel Fajal,Subhajit Dutta,Kishalay Biswas,Sujit K Ghosh","doi":"10.1039/d6cs00594b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6cs00594b","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing prevalence of chemically complex and persistent water contaminants necessitates the development of next-generation remediation technologies that combine selectivity, efficiency, and operational robustness. Porous framework materials, including metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, porous organic polymers, and supramolecular frameworks, have emerged as highly tunable platforms for water purification, enabled by precise control over pore architecture, surface functionality, and framework chemistry. This review critically examines recent advances in the design and application of these materials for the removal and transformation of inorganic and organic pollutants, including heavy metals, oxyanions, radionuclides, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Emphasis is placed on elucidating adsorption and catalytic mechanisms, encompassing electrostatic interactions, coordination chemistry, ion exchange, and coupled adsorption-degradation pathways, alongside kinetic and thermodynamic considerations. The role of structural engineering, defect modulation, and post-synthetic functionalization in enhancing selectivity, capacity, and stability under realistic aqueous conditions is discussed. Furthermore, progress in processable architectures and integrated systems for continuous and scalable water treatment is highlighted. Key challenges related to hydrolytic stability, competitive sorption, regeneration, and practical deployment are addressed, providing a perspective on the translation of porous frameworks from laboratory studies to sustainable water remediation technologies. This review aims to bridge fundamental material design with practical implementation, offering insights into the next generation of molecularly engineered solutions for global water security.","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":46.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148522166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Catalytic CO2 hydrogenation toward net-zero fuels and chemicals. 催化二氧化碳加氢，实现燃料和化学品的净零排放。

IF 46.2 1区化学

Chemical Society Reviews Pub Date : 2026-07-21 DOI: 10.1039/d6cs00131a

Chengsheng Yang,Doudou Hu,Xiyue Yang,Ziyi Wang,Sai Chen,Chunlei Pei,Jinlong Gong

{"title":"Catalytic CO2 hydrogenation toward net-zero fuels and chemicals.","authors":"Chengsheng Yang,Doudou Hu,Xiyue Yang,Ziyi Wang,Sai Chen,Chunlei Pei,Jinlong Gong","doi":"10.1039/d6cs00131a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6cs00131a","url":null,"abstract":"Heterogeneous catalytic CO2 hydrogenation has emerged as a versatile route for converting captured CO2 and renewable H2 into fuels and chemicals, with relevance to carbon circularity, energy storage, and the progressive defossilisation of chemical manufacturing. This review describes CO2 hydrogenation as a complex network capable of delivering CO, methanol, methane, formates, dimethyl ether, and a broad range of C2+ products. We examine how catalyst composition and structure, including metal nuclearity, metal-oxide interfaces, oxygen vacancies, acid-base properties, and pore confinement, govern pathway competition and product selectivity, and we discuss the growing importance of tandem and multifunctional catalytic platforms. Particular attention is given to the dynamic evolution of active phases under reaction conditions, and to the role of in situ and operando characterisation, together with theoretical and kinetic analysis, in establishing meaningful structure-performance relationships. We further consider the emerging contribution of data-driven methods to catalyst screening, descriptor discovery, and optimisation. Beyond catalyst-level advances, this review addresses reactor and process constraints, including transport effects, scale-up, separation, feed variability, and system integration, and examines how life-cycle assessment, techno-economic analysis, and pilot-scale validation are needed to distinguish laboratory performance from deployable value. Taken together, this review provides an integrated framework for evaluating the scientific basis and practical prospects of CO2 hydrogenation in a net-zero context.","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":46.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148522167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gold-based multimetallic catalysis. 金基多金属催化。

IF 48.3 1区化学

Chemical Society Reviews Pub Date : 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1039/d5cs00282f

Arup Jyoti Das, Shivhar B Ambegave, Aliya V Jinilkumar, Kumarjit Sen, Nitin T Patil

引用次数: 0

Advanced fluorine chemistry in >4.2 V high-voltage lithium metal batteries. >4.2 V高压锂金属电池中的先进氟化学。

IF 48.3 1区化学

Chemical Society Reviews Pub Date : 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1039/d6cs00326e

Yu Sun, Junjie Du, Daxian Zuo, Tao Yu, Shaohua Guo, Haoshen Zhou

{"title":"Advanced fluorine chemistry in >4.2 V high-voltage lithium metal batteries.","authors":"Yu Sun, Junjie Du, Daxian Zuo, Tao Yu, Shaohua Guo, Haoshen Zhou","doi":"10.1039/d6cs00326e","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6cs00326e","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium metal batteries (LMBs), operating at high voltage (>4.2 V), exhibit unprecedented energy density (>400 Wh kg-1), but are restricted by uncontrollable Li dendrites, enigmatic interfacial chemistries, and unstable solid electrolyte interfaces (SEIs). Fluorine, with its high stability, non-flammability, and low cost, is playing an increasingly vital role in high-voltage LMBs and is expected to resolve the above obstacles. Unfortunately, there are few reviews that comprehensively summarise the exquisite design of fluorine engineering in high-voltage LMBs, especially in-depth analysis of its action mechanism in LMBs. In this review, we start with the fundamentals of SEI formation and Li nucleation and deposition, systematically dissecting the exquisite engineering of fluorine chemistry in high-voltage LMBs, including fluorinated electrolyte systems (salts, solvents, additives, etc.), fluorinated polymer-based SEIs, fluorinated collectors and separators. Meanwhile, several targeted and sophisticated cases are handpicked to be portrayed in conjunction with the proposed ideas, aiming to clarify the functionality of fluorine engineering in inhibiting dendrite growth, stabilising SEIs, and minimising safety hazards. Additionally, we highlight the obstacles faced by fluorine chemistry in LMBs and point out its future perspectives. This review provides guidance for the engineering of fluorine chemistry in high-voltage LMBs.","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"7766-7813"},"PeriodicalIF":48.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148275321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SORS and SESORS: deep Raman spectroscopy in biomedical analysis and disease diagnosis. 传感器和传感器：深拉曼光谱在生物医学分析和疾病诊断。

IF 48.3 1区化学

Chemical Society Reviews Pub Date : 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1039/d6cs00071a

Priyanka Dey, Nick Stone, Pavel Matousek

{"title":"SORS and SESORS: deep Raman spectroscopy in biomedical analysis and disease diagnosis.","authors":"Priyanka Dey, Nick Stone, Pavel Matousek","doi":"10.1039/d6cs00071a","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6cs00071a","url":null,"abstract":"Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) and its surface-enhanced variant, SESORS, have emerged as transformative techniques in analytical chemistry and biomedical diagnostics, enabling non-invasive, depth-resolved molecular sensing. SORS facilitates the probing of endogenous signals from subsurface layers, while SESORS enhances sensitivity through plasmonic nanostructures, allowing sensitive targeted detection of exogenous diagnostic agents. Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy is now making significant strides in clinical diagnostics. This review focuses on the rapid advancements in the field over the past five years, including applications in cancer diagnosis, monitoring of therapeutic response, bone health assessment, and tracking of neurotransmitters and SERS-labelled nanoparticles through tissue depths exceeding 7 cm in a tissue wrapped mouse model and 14 cm from within a porcine tissue stack. The integration of tailored nanostructures, resonant Raman labels, and advanced optical instrumentation has expanded the versatility of SESORS, with modalities such as transmission, backscattered, and resonance-enhanced configurations offering flexibility across diverse clinical scenarios. Despite challenges in standardisation, biocompatibility, and instrumentation, interdisciplinary progress in optics, nanotechnology, and spectroscopy continues to drive innovation. This review critically examines the recent evolution, classification, and biomedical applications of SORS and SESORS, highlighting their limitations and future potential in translational medical research.","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"7549-7567"},"PeriodicalIF":48.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148025247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radical-promoted "unstrained" C-C and C-N bond cleavage: a blueprint for deconstructive skeletal editing. 激进分子推动的“非张力”碳碳和碳氮键切割：解构性骨骼编辑的蓝图。

IF 48.3 1区化学

Chemical Society Reviews Pub Date : 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1039/d5cs01539a

José Justicia, Sara P Morcillo

{"title":"Radical-promoted \"unstrained\" C-C and C-N bond cleavage: a blueprint for deconstructive skeletal editing.","authors":"José Justicia, Sara P Morcillo","doi":"10.1039/d5cs01539a","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5cs01539a","url":null,"abstract":"Unstrained cyclic scaffolds are commonly regarded as inert backbones; however, recent radical and radical-ion strategies show that their connectivity can be deliberately reprogrammed when appropriate functional gateways are embedded in the ring. This Tutorial Review treats radical-promoted C-C and C-N bond cleavage as a design problem defined by three interdependent elements: the gateway that enables bond scission (alcohols, ketones, and amines), the activation mode that generates oxygen- or nitrogen-centred intermediates (single-electron transfer (SET), proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT), and electron donor-acceptor (EDA) activation), and the downstream interception that determines whether deconstruction evolves into productive skeletal editing. Rather than compiling reactions, we distil practical rules for aligning activation with radical polarity and lifetime, and show how closely related intermediates can be steered toward ring opening and functionalisation or, under tighter kinetic constraints, toward ring contraction and expansion. Particular emphasis is placed on ketone-derived gateways that channel C-C scission through iminyl radicals or pre-aromatic intermediates, and on the direct use of cyclic alcohols via alkoxy radicals, organised through a two-step framework that separates radical generation from the divergent reactivity of the β-scission-derived carbon-centred radical.","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"7438-7464"},"PeriodicalIF":48.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the chemistry of re-emerging proton batteries. 了解重新出现的质子电池的化学性质。

IF 48.3 1区化学

Chemical Society Reviews Pub Date : 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1039/d5cs00746a

Usman Ghani, Farman Ullah, Junying Zhang, Bingqing Ye, Shitong Wang, Xingke Cai, Jun Lu

{"title":"Understanding the chemistry of re-emerging proton batteries.","authors":"Usman Ghani, Farman Ullah, Junying Zhang, Bingqing Ye, Shitong Wang, Xingke Cai, Jun Lu","doi":"10.1039/d5cs00746a","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5cs00746a","url":null,"abstract":"Proton battery (PB) technology has regained attention in recent years as a promising energy storage alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries due to its excellent electrochemical performance, scalability, and environmental friendliness. To assess its potential, we provide a comprehensive review of its re-emergence, including its historical background, construction, working principles, and favorable materials. The growing global demand for energy storage and the role of PBs in addressing this need are highlighted, and the historical background tracing the evolution of PBs, from their early conceptualizations to recent advancements, is covered. Battery components such as electrodes and electrolytes are discussed, and the mechanisms underlying proton conduction, catalytic activity, and surface chemistry at the electrode-electrolyte interfaces are also summarized. Furthermore, various proton-conducting materials and media are examined, along with a discussion on their structural and electrochemical properties. Finally, a SWOT analysis covers the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of PBs and offers valuable perspectives regarding R&D prospects. This review emphasizes the need for continued innovation to unlock the full potential of PBs as sustainable energy storage alternatives.","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"7726-7765"},"PeriodicalIF":48.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148269449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0