Afsaneh Farokhi, Sophia Lipinski, Luca M. Cavinato, Hashem Shahroosvand, Babak Pashaei, Soheila Karimi, Sebastiano Bellani, Francesco Bonaccorso and Rubén D. Costa
{"title":"Metal complex-based TADF: design, characterization, and lighting devices","authors":"Afsaneh Farokhi, Sophia Lipinski, Luca M. Cavinato, Hashem Shahroosvand, Babak Pashaei, Soheila Karimi, Sebastiano Bellani, Francesco Bonaccorso and Rubén D. Costa","doi":"10.1039/D3CS01102J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3CS01102J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of novel, efficient and cost-effective emitters for solid-state lighting devices (SSLDs) is ubiquitous to meet the increasingly demanding needs of advanced lighting technologies. In this context, the emergence of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials has stunned the photonics community. In particular, inorganic TADF material-based compounds can be <em>ad hoc</em> engineered by chemical modification of the coordinated ligands and the type of metal centre, allowing control of their ultimate photo-/electroluminescence properties, while providing a viable emitter platform for enhancing the efficiency of state-of-the-art organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). By presenting an overview of the state of the art of all metal complex-based TADF compounds, this review aims to provide a comprehensive, authoritative and critical reference for their design, characterization and device application, highlighting the advantages and drawbacks for the chemical, photonic and optoelectronic communities involved in this interdisciplinary research field.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 1","pages":" 266-340"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/cs/d3cs01102j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pengyuan Fang, Wing-Ka Pang, Shouhu Xuan, Wai-Lun Chan and Ken Cham-Fai Leung
{"title":"Recent advances in peptide macrocyclization strategies","authors":"Pengyuan Fang, Wing-Ka Pang, Shouhu Xuan, Wai-Lun Chan and Ken Cham-Fai Leung","doi":"10.1039/D3CS01066J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3CS01066J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Recently, owing to their special spatial structures, peptide-based macrocycles have shown tremendous promise and aroused great interest in multidisciplinary research ranging from potent antibiotics against resistant strains to functional biomaterials with novel properties. Besides traditional monocyclic peptides, many fascinating polycyclic and remarkable higher-order cyclic, spherical and cylindric peptidic systems have come into the limelight owing to breakthroughs in various chemical (<em>e.g.</em>, native chemical ligation and transition metal catalysis), biological (<em>e.g.</em>, post-translational enzymatic modification and genetic code reprogramming), and supramolecular (<em>e.g.</em>, mechanically interlocked, metal-directed folding and self-assembly <em>via</em> noncovalent interactions) macrocyclization strategies developed in recent decades. In this tutorial review, diverse state-of-the-art macrocyclization methodologies and techniques for peptides and peptidomimetics are surveyed and discussed, with insights into their practical advantages and intrinsic limitations. Finally, the synthetic-technical aspects, current unresolved challenges, and outlook of this field are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 24","pages":" 11725-11771"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/cs/d3cs01066j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Youxin Fu, Xing Zhang, Luling Wu, Miaomiao Wu, Tony D. James and Run Zhang
{"title":"Bioorthogonally activated probes for precise fluorescence imaging","authors":"Youxin Fu, Xing Zhang, Luling Wu, Miaomiao Wu, Tony D. James and Run Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D3CS00883E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3CS00883E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Over the past two decades, bioorthogonal chemistry has undergone a remarkable development, challenging traditional assumptions in biology and medicine. Recent advancements in the design of probes tailored for bioorthogonal applications have met the increasing demand for precise imaging, facilitating the exploration of complex biological systems. These state-of-the-art probes enable highly sensitive, low background, <em>in situ</em> imaging of biological species and events within live organisms, achieving resolutions comparable to the size of the biomolecule under investigation. This review provides a comprehensive examination of various categories of bioorthogonally activated <em>in situ</em> fluorescent labels. It highlights the intricate design and benefits of bioorthogonal chemistry for precise <em>in situ</em> imaging, while also discussing future prospects in this rapidly evolving field.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 1","pages":" 201-265"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/cs/d3cs00883e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Catherine Sand, Jennifer L. M. Rupp and Bilge Yildiz
{"title":"A critical review on Li-ion transport, chemistry and structure of ceramic–polymer composite electrolytes for solid state batteries†","authors":"Sara Catherine Sand, Jennifer L. M. Rupp and Bilge Yildiz","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00214H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00214H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In the transition to safer, more energy-dense solid state batteries, polymer–ceramic composite electrolytes may offer a potential route to achieve simultaneously high Li-ion conductivity and enhanced mechanical stability. Despite numerous studies on the polymer–ceramic composite electrolytes, disagreements persist on whether the polymer or the ceramic is positively impacted in their constituent ionic conductivity for such composite electrolytes, and even whether the interface is a blocking layer or a highly conductive lithium ion path. This lack of understanding limits the design of effective composite solid electrolytes. By thorough and critical analysis of the data collected in the field over the last three decades, we present arguments for lithium conduction through the bulk of the polymer, ceramic, or their interface. From this analysis, we can conclude that the unexpectedly high conductivity reported for some ceramic–polymer composites cannot be accounted for by the ceramic phase alone. There is evidence to support the theory that the Li-ion conductivity in the polymer phase increases along this interface in contact with the ceramic. The potential mechanisms for this include increased free volume, decreased crystallinity, and modulated Lewis acid–base effects in the polymer, with the former two to be the more likely mechanisms. Future work in this field requires understanding these factors more quantitatively, and tuning of the ceramic surface chemistry and morphology in order to obtain targeted structural modifications in the polymer phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 1","pages":" 178-200"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/cs/d4cs00214h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metal–organic framework-based hybrids with photon upconversion","authors":"Xiaokai Chen, Xiaodong Zhang and Yanli Zhao","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00571F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00571F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Upconversion materials (UCMs) featuring an anti-Stokes type emission establish them as an important category of photoluminescent materials. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are rapidly gaining prominence as a class of versatile materials with favourable physical and chemical properties, including high porosity, controllable pore size, flexible design, and diverse functional sites. To endow MOFs with upconversion capability and improve the properties and performance of UCMs, the hybrids integrating UCMs and MOFs are proven to be successful. This review focuses on the research advancements of upconverting MOF-based hybrids, encompassing classifications, luminescence mechanisms, designs, properties, and applications in energy, catalysis, and biomedical fields. The analyses on the functions of upconversion and MOFs, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various upconverting MOF-based hybrids, are included. Future research directions spanning from properties and performance to applications are explored. This review will be valuable in highlighting the research accomplishments, inspiring more ideas, facilitating deeper investigations in diverse avenues, and further advancing the research field.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 1","pages":" 152-177"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142609945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Barker-Rothschild, Jingqian Chen, Zhangmin Wan, Scott Renneckar, Ingo Burgert, Yong Ding, Yi Lu and Orlando J. Rojas
{"title":"Lignin-based porous carbon adsorbents for CO2 capture","authors":"Daniel Barker-Rothschild, Jingqian Chen, Zhangmin Wan, Scott Renneckar, Ingo Burgert, Yong Ding, Yi Lu and Orlando J. Rojas","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00923A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00923A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A major driver of global climate change is the rising concentration of atmospheric CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>, the mitigation of which requires the development of efficient and sustainable carbon capture technologies. Solid porous adsorbents have emerged as promising alternatives to liquid amine counterparts due to their potential to reduce regeneration costs. Among them, porous carbons stand out for their high surface area, tailorable pore structure, and exceptional thermal and mechanical properties, making them highly robust and efficient in cycling operations. Moreover, porous carbons can be synthesized from readily available organic (waste) streams, reducing costs and promoting circularity. Lignin, a renewable and abundant by-product of the forest products industry and emerging biorefineries, is a complex organic polymer with a high carbon content, making it a suitable precursor for carbon-based adsorbents. This review explores lignin's sources, structure, and thermal properties, as well as traditional and emerging methods for producing lignin-based porous adsorbents. We examine the physicochemical properties, CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> adsorption mechanisms, and performance of lignin-derived materials. Additionally, the review highlights recent advances in lignin valorization and provides critical insights into optimizing the design of lignin-based adsorbents to enhance CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> capture efficiency. Finally, it addresses the prospects and challenges in the field, emphasizing the significant role that lignin-derived materials could play in advancing sustainable carbon capture technologies and mitigating climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 2","pages":" 623-652"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/cs/d4cs00923a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tongrui Zhang, Jiangtao Yu, Haoyang Guo, Jianing Qi, Meihong Che, Machuan Hou, Peixin Jiao, Ziheng Zhang, Zhenhua Yan, Limin Zhou, Kai Zhang and Jun Chen
{"title":"Sapiential battery systems: beyond traditional electrochemical energy","authors":"Tongrui Zhang, Jiangtao Yu, Haoyang Guo, Jianing Qi, Meihong Che, Machuan Hou, Peixin Jiao, Ziheng Zhang, Zhenhua Yan, Limin Zhou, Kai Zhang and Jun Chen","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00832D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00832D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >As indispensable energy-storage technology in modern society, batteries play a crucial role in diverse fields of 3C products, electric vehicles, and electrochemical energy storage. However, with the growing demand for future electrochemical energy devices, lithium-ion batteries as an existing advanced battery system face a series of significant challenges, such as time-consuming manual material screening, safety concerns, performance degradation, non-access in the off-grid state, poor environmental adaptability, and pollution from waste batteries. Accordingly, incorporating the characteristics of sapiential life into batteries to construct sapiential systems is one of the most engaging tactics to tackle the above issues. In this review, we introduce the concept of sapiential battery systems and provide a comprehensive overview of their core sapiential features, including materials genomics, non-destructive testing, self-healing, self-sustaining capabilities, temperature adaptation, and degradability, which endow batteries with higher performance and more functions. Moreover, the possible future research directions on sapiential battery systems are deeply discussed. This review aims to offer insights for designing beyond traditional electrochemical energy, meeting broader application scenarios such as ultra-long-endurance electric vehicles, wide-temperature energy storage, space exploration, and wearable electronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 24","pages":" 12043-12097"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ming-Lei Sun, Hao-Yu Wang, Yi Feng, Jin-Tao Ren, Lei Wang and Zhong-Yong Yuan
{"title":"Electrodegradation of nitrogenous pollutants in sewage: from reaction fundamentals to energy valorization applications","authors":"Ming-Lei Sun, Hao-Yu Wang, Yi Feng, Jin-Tao Ren, Lei Wang and Zhong-Yong Yuan","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00517A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00517A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The excessive accumulation of nitrogen pollutants (mainly nitrate, nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, hydrazine, and urea) in water bodies seriously disrupts the natural nitrogen cycle and poses a significant threat to human life and health. Electrolysis is considered a promising method to degrade these nitrogenous pollutants in sewage, with the advantages of high efficiency, wide generality, easy operability, retrievability, and environmental friendliness. For particular energy devices, including metal-nitrate batteries, direct fuel cells, and hybrid water electrolyzers, the realization of energy valorization from sewage purification processes (<em>e.g.</em>, valuable chemical generation, electricity output, and hydrogen production) becomes feasible. Despite the progress in the research on pollutant electrodegradation, the development of electrocatalysts with high activity, stability, and selectivity for pollutant removal, coupled with corresponding energy devices, remains a challenge. This review comprehensively provides advanced insights into the electrodegradation processes of nitrogenous pollutants and relevant energy valorization strategies, focusing on the reaction mechanisms, activity descriptors, electrocatalyst design, and actuated electrodes and operation parameters of tailored energy conversion devices. A feasibility analysis of electrodegradation on real wastewater samples from the perspective of pollutant concentration, pollutant accumulation, and electrolyte effects is provided. Challenges and prospects for the future development of electrodegradation systems are also discussed in detail to bridge the gap between experimental trials and commercial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 24","pages":" 11908-11966"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142580188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuna Qian, Jiayi Ding, Rui Zhao, Yang Song, Jiyoung Yoo, Huiyeon Moon, Seyoung Koo, Jong Seung Kim and Jianliang Shen
{"title":"Intrinsic immunomodulatory hydrogels for chronic inflammation","authors":"Yuna Qian, Jiayi Ding, Rui Zhao, Yang Song, Jiyoung Yoo, Huiyeon Moon, Seyoung Koo, Jong Seung Kim and Jianliang Shen","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00450G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00450G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The immune system plays a pivotal role in maintaining physiological homeostasis and influencing disease processes. Dysregulated immune responses drive chronic inflammation, which in turn results in a range of diseases that are among the leading causes of death globally. Traditional immune interventions, which aim to regulate either insufficient or excessive inflammation, frequently entail lifelong comorbidities and the risk of severe side effects. In this context, intrinsic immunomodulatory hydrogels, designed to precisely control the local immune microenvironment, have recently attracted increasing attention. In particular, these advanced hydrogels not only function as delivery mechanisms but also actively engage in immune modulation, optimizing interactions with the immune system for enhanced tissue repair, thereby providing a sophisticated strategy for managing chronic inflammation. In this tutorial review, we outline key elements of chronic inflammation and subsequently explore the strategic design principles of intrinsic immunomodulatory hydrogels based on these elements. Finally, we examine the challenges and prospects of such immunomodulatory hydrogels, which are expected to inspire further preclinical research and clinical translation in addressing chronic inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 1","pages":" 33-61"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuanwei Wang, Ke Ma, Miaomiao Kang, Dingyuan Yan, Niu Niu, Saisai Yan, Panpan Sun, Luzhi Zhang, Lijie Sun, Dong Wang, Hui Tan and Ben Zhong Tang
{"title":"A new era of cancer phototherapy: mechanisms and applications","authors":"Yuanwei Wang, Ke Ma, Miaomiao Kang, Dingyuan Yan, Niu Niu, Saisai Yan, Panpan Sun, Luzhi Zhang, Lijie Sun, Dong Wang, Hui Tan and Ben Zhong Tang","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00708E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00708E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The past decades have witnessed great strides in phototherapy as an experimental option or regulation-approved treatment in numerous cancer indications. Of particular interest is nanoscale photosensitizer-based phototherapy, which has been established as a prominent candidate for advanced tumor treatment by virtue of its high efficacy and safety. Despite considerable research progress on materials, methods and devices in nanoscale photosensitizing agent-based phototherapy, their mechanisms of action are not always clear, which impedes their practical application in cancer treatment. Hence, from a new perspective, this review elaborates the working mechanisms, involving impairment and moderation effects, of diverse phototherapies on cells, organelles, organs, and tissues. Furthermore, the most current available phototherapy modalities are categorized as photodynamic, photothermal, photo-immune, photo-gas, and radio therapies in this review. A comprehensive understanding of the inferiority and superiority of various phototherapies will facilitate the advent of a new era of cancer phototherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 24","pages":" 12014-12042"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}