Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society最新文献

{"title":"Condensation reactions of 2-((arylamino)methylene)malononitriles with 2-(4-arylthiazol-2-yl)acetonitriles","authors":"Nikolay A. Pakholka,&nbsp;Andrei V. Churakov,&nbsp;Denis V. Nikitenko,&nbsp;Sergey G. Krivokolysko","doi":"10.1007/s13738-026-03610-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-026-03610-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The reaction of 2-((arylamino)methylene)malononitriles with 2-(4-arylthiazol-2-yl)acetonitriles in methanol, mediated by a 1.2-fold excess of sodium methoxide, afforded 3-(arylamino)-2-(4-arylthiazol-2-yl)acrylonitriles in high yields (81–91%). The resulting products were obtained as a mixture of <i>E/Z</i>-isomers in a 1:9–1:10 ratio. The molecular structures of the newly synthesized compounds were unambiguously confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, crystal growth, spectroscopic characterization, NLO response, biological evaluation, and DFT analysis of organic triethylenediaminium hydronium trinitrate (TEDHT) single crystals","authors":"Sahaya Infant Lasalle,&nbsp;Muthu Senthil Pandian,&nbsp;R. Jeeva Govind,&nbsp;S. Selvarani,&nbsp;S. Sriram,&nbsp;D. Saravanakkumar,&nbsp;L. Bruno Chandrasekar,&nbsp;T. K. S. Fayaz","doi":"10.1007/s13738-026-03616-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-026-03616-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study investigated the <i>invitro</i> antioxidant, ant-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of a newly synthesized compound, TEDTH. Antioxidant potential of TEDHT in comparison with the standard antioxidant, ascorbic acid (PC), using DPPH radical scavenging assay, while anti-inflammatory activity was assessed through the inhibition of protein denaturation, and antibacterial efficacy was determined by agar well diffusion method. TEDHT demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in antioxidant activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 143.88 µg/ml, whereas ascorbic acid exhibited a significantly lower IC₅₀ value of 26.20 µg/ml indicating higher potency. In the protein denaturation assay TEDTH showed a lower IC₅₀ value of 181.78 µg/ml, whereas the diclofenac sodium showed 106.04 µg/ml, suggesting moderate anti-inflammatory potential. TEDHT showed selective antibacterial activity, with the most notable effect observed against <i>Micrococcus luteus</i>,<i> Bacillus cereus</i>,<i> Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>,<i> Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. These findings recommend that TEDHT holds moderate biological potential demanding further investigation into its mechanism of action and therapeutic potential. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to investigate the nonlinear optical (NLO) behaviour of the compound. Key properties including molecular stability, charge transfer characteristics, and orbital interactions were systematically analyzed. In addition, parameters such as linear polarizability and hyperpolarizability were evaluated using molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) mapping, Mulliken atomic charge distribution, frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis, and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DFT investigation of the effects of the π-bridge on the optoelectronic properties of carbazole-based dyes for photovoltaic applications","authors":"Sliman Ennehary,&nbsp;Hamid Toufik,&nbsp;Malak Lazrak,&nbsp;Si Mohamed Bouzzine,&nbsp;Fatima Lamchouri","doi":"10.1007/s13738-026-03598-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-026-03598-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to investigate the impact of π-spacer system variations on a series of organic compounds, utilizing Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time-Dependent Becke-Half and Half-Lee–Yang–Parr's (TD-BHandHlyp). The primary goal is to comprehensively elucidate the distinct geometrical and optoelectronic properties of the examined dyes, alongside analyzing their charge transfer dynamics and chemical reactivity parameters. D5, distinguished by its nearly planar structure, demonstrates unique geometrical properties significantly influencing the energy levels of its Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital. Notably, these energy levels are lower compared to the other dyes investigated in this study. Additionally, the presence of thiophene (D1), furan (D2), and thiazole (D4) molecules in the spacer induces a red-shifted absorption spectrum for compounds 1, 2, and 4, respectively. Furthermore, the results indicate that introducing the pyrrole unit (D3) to the π-linker structure of D3 enhances the injection energy (ΔG^inject), regeneration energy (ΔG^reg), and open circuit voltage (Voc).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of mercury ions based on T-Hg2+-T mismatch duplex-induced absorbance-off responses of the DNA templated CuNCs","authors":"Haowen Yin,&nbsp;Shijie Zhou,&nbsp;Yu Bai,&nbsp;Yan Tan,&nbsp;Peng Yu","doi":"10.1007/s13738-026-03612-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-026-03612-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mercury ions (Hg²⁺) are a kind of the cationic pollutants and serve as an indicator of the environmental heavy metal contamination. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to develop a simple, label-free, rapid and cost-effective method for Hg²⁺ detection. Herein, a UV-Vis spectroscopic method was established for the determination of Hg²⁺ based on T-Hg²⁺-T mismatch duplex-induced absorbance-off of copper nanoclusters (CuNCs). In the absence of Hg²⁺, sodium ascorbate (SA) reduced copper ions (Cu²⁺) with the poly(AT-TA) duplex DNA as the template, and the resulting product was CuNCs, which exhibited an obvious absorption peak. However, in the presence of Hg²⁺, the target oxidized CuNCs and disrupted the original base pairing of the duplex template, triggering the formation of the T-Hg²⁺-T mismatch duplex and resulting in the reduction in the amount and the absorption peak of CuNCs. Several important parameters, including reaction time, pH and the concentration of Cu²⁺, were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range for Hg²⁺ detection was 10 µM − 500 µM and the limit of detection was 1.84 µM. Furthermore, owing to the strong redox interaction between Hg²⁺ and CuNCs as well as the strong affinity between Hg²⁺ and thymine, this method demonstrated the good selectivity and the satisfactory recovery for Hg²⁺ detection in tap water. More importantly, the established method holds the great promise for the rapid screening of Hg²⁺, demonstrating the broad application potential in monitoring environmental pollution, analyzing industrial wastewater and screening highly contaminated samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alkoxysalicylaldehyde tetradentate Schiff bases and their metal complexes: a combined experimental, computational, and molecular docking study","authors":"Mehdi Fallah-Mehrjardi,&nbsp;Hadi Kargar,&nbsp;Fatemeh Abyar,&nbsp;Sana Yarahmadi,&nbsp;Khurram Shahzad Munawar","doi":"10.1007/s13738-026-03591-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-026-03591-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents the synthesis of three tetradentate Schiff base ligands (<b>H</b>_<b>2</b><b>Lⁿ</b>) derived from alkoxysalicylaldehydes, along with their nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes. The compounds were characterized using multiple techniques, including elemental (CHN) analysis, FT-IR, and ¹H NMR spectroscopy, though ¹H NMR was not applied to the paramagnetic Cu(II) compounds. To further probe the electronic structure and bonding, analyses including molecular orbitals (MO), molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP), Mulliken charges, and natural bond orbitals (NBO) were conducted. AutoDock Vina software was employed for the computational analyses, providing the lowest binding free energy (ΔG°_b, kcal/mol) and binding constant (K_b) values for the molecular interactions with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). Molecular docking studies were executed to explore the binding of <b>H</b>_<b>2</b><b>L</b>^<b>n</b> ligands and their Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes within the active site of DNA, as well as their interactions with specific amino acid residues in BSA. All relevant bonds and interactions at the active sites of DNA and BSA were analyzed and visually mapped. The resulting Figs. depict the spatial organization of DNA along with critical residues, offering valuable information about the molecular dynamics underlying these interaction mechanisms. Results show that there is no hydrogen bond between Ni complexes with DNA and BSA residues in the active site, and there are only hydrophobic interactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Di and polynuclear cadmium(II) complexes with N,O-donor salicylaldimine ligands: advances in structure and function","authors":"Shouvik Chattopadhyay,&nbsp;Arnab Hati,&nbsp;Sovana Maity,&nbsp;Puspendu Middya","doi":"10.1007/s13738-026-03604-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-026-03604-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cadmium(II) coordination chemistry with salicylaldimine Schiff base ligands has attracted sustained attention owing to the remarkable structural flexibility of these ligands and their ability to support diverse di- and polynuclear architectures. The adaptable N,O-donor coordination environment, combined with the flexible coordination preferences of cadmium(II), enables the formation of complexes with varied nuclearities, bridging motifs, and coordination geometries. This review presents a comprehensive survey of reported di- and polynuclear cadmium(II) complexes derived from salicylaldimine Schiff base ligands, with emphasis on synthetic methodologies, structural diversity, and emerging functional properties. Particular attention is devoted to the influence of ligand denticity, bridging modes, ancillary ligands, and reaction conditions on nuclearity and overall assembly. Structural insights obtained from single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies are systematically analyzed, highlighting common coordination patterns and geometrical preferences as assessed through continuous shape measure analysis. The review further summarizes reported biological activities, including antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and urease inhibitory properties, alongside photoluminescent and semiconductor-like behavior arising from ligand-centered and metal-perturbed excited states. Correlations between structural features and observed physicochemical properties are critically discussed to identify governing design principles. By consolidating current advances in this specialized area of cadmium coordination chemistry, this review provides a useful framework for understanding structure–property relationships and outlines future opportunities for the rational design of multinuclear cadmium assemblies with enhanced functional performance.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div><p>This review represents the synthesis, structure and biological application of di and polynuclear cadmium complexes with salen type Schiff base ligands.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis characterization and invitro biological activities of salen-type ligand and its metal complexes","authors":"R. Jennifer Steffi,&nbsp;F. Paularokiadoss,&nbsp;P. Muthuselvan,&nbsp;Thayalaraj Christopher Jeyakumar","doi":"10.1007/s13738-026-03602-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-026-03602-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The research involved the synthesis of several salen-type metal complexes, CuL, CoL, NiL, and ZnL, prepared from 4-diethylaminosalicylaldehyde (H2L) and 4-nitro-O-phenylenediamine using metal salts and a base. Spectral analysis techniques, including UV-DRS, FTIR, NMR, and ESI–MS, were applied to characterize the ligand and its metal complexes. The DPPH radical scavenging experiment was conducted to test the complexes' antioxidant capabilities. All the complexes and free ligand showed antioxidant properties; however, CoL had greater activity than the rest. The NiL compound had lower activities than the other metal complexes in the DPPH assay. Furthermore, biological studies indicated that the ligand and its complexes exhibited dose-dependent anti-proliferative activity against the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. The ligand and metal complexes also exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against <i>E. coli</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>B. subtilis</i>, and <i>B. cereus</i>, as well as <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and some activity against fungi, including <i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>Aspergillus niger</i>, and <i>Microsporum gypseum</i>, exposing the potential to be utilized as multi-functional antimicrobial agents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sterol-based hybrid nanoparticles loaded with wogonin suppress triple-negative breast cancer through modulation of extracellular matrix remodeling","authors":"Li Liu,&nbsp;Nan Mei,&nbsp;Yalan Deng","doi":"10.1007/s13738-026-03600-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-026-03600-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer and is characterized by early metastasis, poor prognosis, and limited therapeutic options. In this study, a multifunctional sterol-based hybrid nanoplatform, Chol-OH@1@Wog, was developed using microbial-derived sterol Chol-OH as a biocompatible hydrophobic scaffold and the natural flavonoid wogonin (Wog) as the therapeutic cargo. The resulting nanoparticles exhibited favorable physicochemical properties and enhanced the anti-proliferative activity of Wogonin against MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed that Wog-loaded nanoparticles modulated ECM remodeling-related pathways by suppressing TIMP-1 expression and secretion, regulating the MMP-9/TIMP-1 axis, and influencing EMT-associated molecular changes. In addition, the hybrid platform exhibited optical responsiveness toward representative small-molecule antibiotics, including chloramphenicol and oxazolidinones, suggesting its potential application in molecular recognition and visualization. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that Chol-OH@1@Wog is a multifunctional hybrid nanoplatform integrating drug delivery and molecular sensing capabilities, with potential for regulating tumor microenvironment-associated processes in TNBC treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural properties of edaravone tautomers and their docking receptor interactions: a computational insight","authors":"Erfan Shafeie,&nbsp;Binazir Fatemimanesh,&nbsp;Avat Arman Taherpour","doi":"10.1007/s13738-026-03590-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-026-03590-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Edaravone is a synthetic antioxidant that has been clinically used for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke and more recently for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In this study, the Edaravone’s tautomer stabilities, geometry data, HOMO &amp; LUMO orbitals (energy levels and shapes), <i>ΔΕ</i>_{<i>HOMO-LUMO</i>} gaps, Mulliken charges, dipole moments, the properties in H₂O media as an important solvent in biological studies and the selected media (single molecule and Et-OH by PCM solvent model) were studied for the Edaravone tautomers using the DFT method at the B3LYP/6-31G* level. The obtained results demonstrated the adaptability and concurrence of the tautomers and indicated which tautomer (<b>E1</b>–<b>E3</b>) is preferred over the other tautomeric forms for making the predicted interactions. Also, the equilibrium constant was applied to investigate the interconversion equilibrium between the different tautomers of Edaravone (<b>E1</b>, <b>E2</b> and <b>E3</b>) in the discussed media. In this study, the molecular docking interactions of the Edaravone’s tautomers (<b>E1–E3</b>) were also investigated with the discussed receptor to find the best tautomer for docking Edaravone-Receptor interactions. The docking calculations were carried out with AutoDock Vina against the 5-nucleotidase enzyme and gave binding affinities of − 7.0, − 5.9 and − 7.1 kcal·mol⁻¹ for E1, E2 and E3, respectively. The amine form (E3) therefore gave the most favorable predicted binding affinity, followed closely by the keto form (E1), while the enol form (E2) gave the least favorable one.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning–assisted sustainable removal of cationic dyes using Butea monosperm a leaf powder as an eco-friendly biosorbent","authors":"Poonam Mandale,&nbsp;Kavita Kulkarni,&nbsp;Kishor Jadhav,&nbsp;Anand Kulkarni","doi":"10.1007/s13738-026-03589-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-026-03589-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to remove harmful malachite green (MG) and Rhodamine (RB) dye from aqueous media in a batch mode a natural biosorbent (<i>B. monosperm)</i> was examined. The amount of MG and RB adsorption onto <i>B. monosperm</i> reduced with increasing temperature but with increasing acid concentrations pH contact duration and rpm it was increased. The adsorption kinetics of MG and RB might be best described by the pseudo-2nd-order kinetic model according to experimental data. The Langmuir model was found to suitable to match the equilibrium data for both dyes quite well. Langmuir capacities for Rhodamine B(RB) and Malachite green (MG) dye were 69.93 g/mg and 80 mg/g respectively. The outcomes demonstrated that both dyes were successfully eliminated by the bio adsorbent with &gt;80% of the removal efficiency. For RB dye, the Gradient Boosting (GB) model showed the best predictive performance, achieving an R² value of 0.889 for removal efficiency. For MG dye, the XGBoost model performed the best, with an R² value of 0.920 for removal efficiency. The study also verifies that this biosorbent can be reused successfully without endangering the environment. The investigative study demonstrated the ability of biosorbent to remove hazardous substances without causing environmental disruption. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}