Hanan Al-Ghamdi, Nada Alfryyan, Norah A.M. Alsaif, Ebrahim A. Mahdy, H. A. Abo-Mosallam, Islam M. Nabil, Y. S. Rammah
{"title":"Assessment of γ-ray and neutron safeguard competence of phosphate glasses containing potassium tungstate: comparative study","authors":"Hanan Al-Ghamdi, Nada Alfryyan, Norah A.M. Alsaif, Ebrahim A. Mahdy, H. A. Abo-Mosallam, Islam M. Nabil, Y. S. Rammah","doi":"10.1007/s41779-024-01081-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-024-01081-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Here, a glassy based on 20K<sub>2</sub>O–(20–X)Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–XK<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub>–60P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> system (X = 0.0 (GW-0.0), 2.5 (GW-2.5), 5.0 (GW-5.0), 10.0 (GW-10.0), 15.0 (GW-15.0), and 20.0 (GW-20.0) mol%) was synthesized by the melt-quenching technique. The structural characteristics, neutron and γ-ray attenuation competence of the prepared glasses were examined using the MCNP5 simulation code and Phy-X/PSD (Phy) software in the photon energy (Eγ) 0.015-15 MeV. XRD analysis established the non-crystalline nature of the glassy samples. The linear (µ) and mass (µ<sub>m</sub>) attenuation coefficients possessed the order: GW-0.0 < GW-2.5 < GW-5.0 < GW-10.0 < GW-15.0 < GW-20.0. The GW-20.0 sample which has the highest content of K<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub> possessed the lowest values half/tenth value layers, and mean free path. Within the studied energy range, the effective atomic number (<span>(:{text{Z}}_{text{e}text{f}})</span>) verified the values: 19.587–12.543 for GW-0.0, 23.165–13.233 for GW-2.5, 26.447–13.903 for GW-5.0, 32.258–15.187 for GW-10.0, 37.243–16.400 for GW-15.0, and 41.567–17.549 GW-20.0 glasses, respectively. Commercial glasses were found to have a lower fast neutron removal cross-section than the GW-X glasses. Among the prepared GW-X glasses, the GW-20.0 displays the best neutron shielding capability and the GW-0.0 the best gamma radiation shielding capability.</p>","PeriodicalId":673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synergizing additive manufacturing and machine learning for advanced hydroxyapatite scaffold design in bone regeneration","authors":"Atefeh Zarei, Ashkan Farazin","doi":"10.1007/s41779-024-01084-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-024-01084-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Additive manufacturing (AM) methods have sparked interest within the tissue engineering domain due to their adaptability and capacity to fabricate constructs featuring intricate macroscopic shapes and specific patterns. Recently, composite materials, characterized by distinct phases a continuous phase (matrix) and a reinforcing phase (filler)—have emerged as viable inks for AM processes, enabling the creation of scaffolds with enhanced biomimetic and bioactive properties. Notably, significant attention has been directed towards hydroxyapatite (HA)-reinforced composites, particularly for bone tissue engineering applications, leveraging HA’s chemical resemblance to native mineralized tissue components. This review delves into the utilization of AM techniques for processing HA-reinforced composites and biocomposites to fabricate scaffolds embedded with biological matrices, including cellular tissues. It examines recent research findings concerning the morphological, structural, and in vitro/in vivo biological characteristics of these materials. The review also categorizes the approaches based on the matrix nature used to incorporate HA reinforcements and fabricate tissue substitutes, offering a critical analysis of the current state of research and future prospects. This comprehensive overview aims to elucidate the strategies explored and challenges faced in this evolving field of materiomics.</p>","PeriodicalId":673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gege Sun, Guohua Li, Lin Tian, Changfa Jiao, Shudan Deng
{"title":"Effect of triethanolamine on the synthetic process of porous magnesia lightweight aggregates","authors":"Gege Sun, Guohua Li, Lin Tian, Changfa Jiao, Shudan Deng","doi":"10.1007/s41779-024-01079-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-024-01079-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Magnesia lightweight aggregates were synthesized by direct foaming method with light burned magnesia powder as raw material, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) as foaming agent and triethanolamine (TEA) as dispersant. Aqueous foams and magnesia foam slurry with foaming agent content of 3 wt% were prepared. The effects of different contents TEA (0.6 wt%, 1.0 wt%, 1.4 wt%, 1.8 wt%, and 2.2 wt%) on Zeta potential, viscosity, expansion ratio, contact angle, and surface tension of magnesia foam slurry were studied. The microstructure of aqueous foams and magnesia foam slurry were observed by optical microscope. After sintering at 1600 °C, the number and distribution of pores in the magnesia lightweight aggregates were analyzed by SEM. In aqueous foams, with the increase of TEA contents, the bubble liquid film became thicker and the shape became circle. In the magnesia foam slurry, when the TEA content was 1.4 wt%, the Zeta potential was 28.19 mV, the contact angle was 62.3°, and the surface tension was 45.2 mN∙m<sup>− 1</sup>. The adsorption free energy of magnesia particles was about 7.3 × 10<sup>− 9</sup> J. The bubble size distribution was 31.48 μm to 114.30 μm. In magnesia lightweight aggregates, the average pore size was 30.98 μm to 95.43 μm.</p>","PeriodicalId":673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nur Nasyita Binti Kamaruddin, Syed Bahari Ramadzan Syed Adnan, Zainal Abidin Ali, Gopinath Venkatraman, Maryam Mohammed Mashghan
{"title":"Structural, mechanical and antibacterial properties of Mg2Sio4-clay based nanoparticles for biomedical application","authors":"Nur Nasyita Binti Kamaruddin, Syed Bahari Ramadzan Syed Adnan, Zainal Abidin Ali, Gopinath Venkatraman, Maryam Mohammed Mashghan","doi":"10.1007/s41779-024-01080-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-024-01080-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Clay based Forsterite (Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>-clay based) was synthesized using Halloysite nanotube clay via sol-gel method. The resultant materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size analysis (PSA), and hardness analysis. The formation of Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>-clay based nanoparticles was confirmed using X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared analysis. Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>-clay based nanoparticles were treated at different high temperatures which are from 850 °C to 1050 °C. It was revealed that crystalline Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>-clay based was formed at the lowest temperature (850 °C) and the different temperatures do not significantly affect the FTIR peaks. Moreover, the hardness and fracture toughness of Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>-clay based was found to be higher than synth-Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4,</sub> which are 1.03 ± 0.07 GPa and 5.7 ± 0.21 MPa m<sup>1/2,</sup> respectively. It was also found that the fracture toughness of Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>-clay based was higher than a few types of cortical bones and synthetic Hydroxyapatite. Other than that, Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>-clay based displayed remarkable antibacterial properties which is critical criteria for implant materials. These findings suggest that the Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>-clay based possesses good structural, mechanical, and antibacterial properties and might be suitable for potential bioimplant materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermodynamic research of the reaction mechanism for TiB2 synthesized by carbothermal reduction","authors":"Xingguo Wang, Xin Li, Bin Chen, Jian Tang, Shilun Chang, Chen Xu","doi":"10.1007/s41779-024-01074-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-024-01074-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The reaction mechanism of TiB<sub>2</sub> synthesized by carbothermal reduction is unclear due to a lack of thermodynamic research. In this work, the phase diagrams of TiO<sub>2</sub>-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-C system were analyzed at a large temperature range (900–1800 °C), illustrating that Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, and TiC were the main intermediate products. According to the Gibbs free energy minimum principle, the synthesis pathways of the main intermediate products and the target product TiB<sub>2</sub> were discussed, respectively. Based on the thermodynamic research, the reaction mechanism of TiO<sub>2</sub>-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-C system was proposed and verified by experimental research at 900–1500 °C. X-ray-pure TiB<sub>2</sub> powder was synthesized at 1500 °C for 30 min and the possible reaction mechanism could be divided into three stages: TiO<sub>2</sub>(anatase)→TiO<sub>2</sub>(rutile)→Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, TiC →TiB<sub>2</sub>.</p>","PeriodicalId":673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical properties and microstructure evolutions of alkali-activated slag materials subjected to centrifugation with different rotation rates","authors":"Yue Li, Jiale Shen, Hui Lin","doi":"10.1007/s41779-024-01078-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-024-01078-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper studies the effect of centrifugation rotation rate on the compressive strength and microstructure of alkali-activated slag (AAS) paste. The results indicate that the compressive strength gradually improves with increase in centrifugation rotation rate and the maximum compressive strength is 71.8 MPa at 5000 rpm with increasing amplitude of 133.8% compared to the AAS paste without centrifugation. The flower clusters gels of C(N)-A-S-H including large proportion of N-A-S-H appear in the AAS paste with centrifugation rotation rates of 0 r/min. The layered gels mainly including the hydrotalcite phase and C(N)-A-S-H are found under the centrifugation rotation rates of 1000 r/min. The globule gels of C-A-S-H including small proportion of N-A-S-H appear in the AAS paste with centrifugation rotation rates of 3000 r/min and 5000 r/min. The more generation of large size globule gels of C-A-S-H is conducive to improving compressive strength of AAS paste. Furthermore, the increase in centrifugation rotation rate promotes the reaction of slag and generation of gel products, and improves the polymerization and cross-linking degree of gel products, causing the lower porosity and higher bulk density, eventually leading to the enhancement of compressive strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Gopi, I. Saravanan, A. Devaraju, M. Karthikeyan
{"title":"Experimental investigation on tribological behavior of titanium nitride-coated 316 L stainless steel under simulated body fluid","authors":"R. Gopi, I. Saravanan, A. Devaraju, M. Karthikeyan","doi":"10.1007/s41779-024-01075-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-024-01075-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study discusses the effect of a hard titanium nitride (TiN) coating deposited on the stainless steel (SS) 316 L substrate using the cathodic arc deposition (CAD) technique. The hardness, X-ray diffraction, and roughness of the coating properties of as-received, and ceramic coated samples were studied. The osbornite phase increased in the coated specimen due to TiN which is observed from X-ray diffraction analysis. The SS 316 L sample showed a hardness of 217.66 HV, and the cathodic arc deposition coating samples increased five times compared to uncoated disc in hardness. The bio tribological testing of the hard TiN coated 316 L stainless steel was carried out using a ball-on-disc tribometer under simulated body fluid (SBF). The specific wear rate and its mechanism were carried out for the testing conditions of 2, 4, and 6 N with the counterpart of stainless steel. Scanning electron microscopy observation of the worn surfaces revealed the wear mechanisms of the contact surfaces. The 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and cell viability tests were conducted in order to confirm the biocompatibility with the normal cell line on the ceramic coated SS 316 L specimen. The present study focused on the demand for stainless steel 316 L and the usage of CAD coatings to suppress wear in bioimplant applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jihen Ben Slimen, Samira Jebahi, Luís Javier Del Valle, Mustapha Hidouri
{"title":"Structural and biological properties of hydroxyfluorapatite containing sodium and potassium and substituted with carbonates bioceramics for bone tissue engineering","authors":"Jihen Ben Slimen, Samira Jebahi, Luís Javier Del Valle, Mustapha Hidouri","doi":"10.1007/s41779-024-01066-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-024-01066-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Calcium phosphates are extensively utilized in the biomedical domain, specifically in dentistry and orthopedics, owing to their chemical resemblance to the mineral constituent of hard tissue. Ions substitutions within the apatite lattice play a vital role in cell-biological interaction and organ metabolism. Here, a serial of hydroxyapatite bioceramics has been ions-substituted with sodium (Na<sup>+</sup>), potassium (K<sup>+</sup>), carbonate (CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup>), and fluoride (F<sup>−</sup>). The general formula for the compounds is Ca<sub>(9.75−y/2)</sub>(Na, K)<sub>0.25</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6−y</sub>(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>y</sub>OHF (HFAp) with (0 ≤ y ≤ 1). After undergoing analysis and characterization using numerous methods and techniques, the obtained samples were confirmed to be pure apatite. The HFAp structure was found to contain the necessary amounts of introduced substituted ions. The thermal analysis of the samples revealed that the apatite phase was the primary component from room temperature to 1000 °C, whereas the formation of β-Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> occurred at a temperature of 750 °C. The pressureless sintering process resulted in achieving a densification ratio of 93% for the samples. The biocompatibility of the samples was studied in-vitro. The interaction between cells and materials was studied using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay with human osteosarcoma cells MG-63 and Saos-2. The biological response resulted in cell proliferation on the materials’ surface. The in vitro bioactivity investigations conducted on materials submerged in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) demonstrated a remarkably bioactive nature, as indicated by the enhanced mineralization of a new apatite layer. The synthesized biomaterial shows potential for repairing and reconstructing sick body components.</p>","PeriodicalId":673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141935298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Basic oxygen furnace slag: a sustainable approach to SiO2-Na2O-B2O3-CaO-F glass-ceramic coating production","authors":"İremnur Ceylan, Büşra Karakaş, Gamze Öztürk, Buğra Çiçek","doi":"10.1007/s41779-024-01069-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-024-01069-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, basic oxygen furnace slag (BOF) was utilized as a substitute for calcium carbonate (CaCO<sub>3</sub>) and red iron oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) in the production of frit, which serves as the precursor material for glass-ceramics. Two different raw material batches for SiO<sub>2</sub>-Na<sub>2</sub>O-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CaO-F frit were prepared. The batches underwent a melting-quenching process and were classified as frit (F-STD) consisting of 100 wt% commercial raw materials and frit (F-BOF) containing 4.81 wt% BOF slag in its composition. The chemical content, crystalline structure, and thermal behavior of the frits were investigated. F-STD exhibited a T<sub>G</sub> of 599.8 °C, with corresponding T<sub>C1</sub> and T<sub>C2</sub> values of 642.2 °C and 871 °C, respectively. F-BOF displayed a T<sub>G</sub> of 592.9 °C, along with T<sub>C1</sub> and T<sub>C2</sub> values measured at 636.6 °C and 861 °C. The powdered frits were applied on steel substrates (DC04EK) using the wet spray method and subsequently heat-treated at 840 °C for 4.5 min to obtain a reference (GC-STD) and partially sustainable (GC-BOF) glass-ceramic coatings. The phase formation, microstructure, adherence, and chemical corrosion resistance of the coatings were compared. The coatings were found to be in the optimum adhesion class, numbered 1, according to the BSI EN10209 standard. Analysis of the GC-STD, with an average bubble size of 29.12 μm, and GC-BOF, with an average bubble size of 34.2 μm, revealed fewer and larger diameter bubbles in the sustainable composition. Fluorite (CaF<sub>2</sub>) and fluorapatite (Ca<sub>5</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>F) crystal phases were detected in both samples. The compatibility of BOF slag in glass-ceramic coating formulation was demonstrated by identical characteristics exhibited by GC-STD and GC-BOF.</p>","PeriodicalId":673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141935336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structural investigations, enhanced dielectric and electrical characteristics of iron-doped Bi2O3 thin films designed for high-frequency applications","authors":"A. F. Qasrawi, Samah S. Atari","doi":"10.1007/s41779-024-01072-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-024-01072-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Herein thin films of bismuth oxide are doped with iron by the thermal deposition technique under a vacuum pressure of 10<sup>–5</sup> mbar. The doping content varied in the range of 3.0 wt.% to 13.0 wt.%. It is found that undoped and Fe-doped Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> films exhibited monoclinic structure with lattice parameters of <span>(a=7.9765;oversetcirc A,;b=7.1253;oversetcirc A,;c=4.5964;oversetcirc A)</span> and <span>(beta =102.203^circ)</span> and space group <span>(8/Lc140)</span>. Fe-doping below the solubility limit (13.0 wt %) resulted in smaller crystallites, larger strains and larger defect densities. Above the solubility limits orthorhombic Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> occupied 30.6% of the total phase of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> films. Fe-doped Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> films showed lower dielectric constant value, lower electrical conductivities and larger microwave cutoff frequencies. Analyses of the ac conductivity spectra indicated that the ac conduction is dominated by the correlated barrier hopping. The increased doping level below the solubility limit decreased the density of localized states near Fermi level and increased the correlated barrier height. It is also observed that 3.0 wt% of Fe can improve the cutoff frequency from 133 to 160 GHz. The cutoff frequency spectra of pure and doped samples displayed values that suits 6G waveguides, field effect transistors, and other high-frequency applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society","volume":"380 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141935262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}