{"title":"(Trialkylsilyl-cyclopentadienyl)titanium(iv) dichloride complexes containing ketimide ligands, Cp′TiCl2(NCtBu2) (Cp′ = Me3SiC5H4, Et3SiC5H4), as efficient catalysts for ethylene copolymerisation with norbornene and tetracyclododecene†","authors":"Minaho Kawatsu, Taiga Fujioka, Simona Losio, Incoronata Tritto and Kotohiro Nomura","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00160A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00160A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Trialkylsilyl-substituted half sandwich titanium complexes containing ketimide ligands, (RC<small><sub>5</sub></small>H<small><sub>4</sub></small>)TiCl<small><sub>2</sub></small>(N<img>C<small><sup><em>t</em></sup></small>Bu<small><sub>2</sub></small>) (R = SiMe<small><sub>3</sub></small>, SiEt<small><sub>3</sub></small>), especially the SiEt<small><sub>3</sub></small> analogue, exhibited superior catalytic activities with efficient norbornene (NBE) incorporation (25 700–91 400 kg polymer per mol Ti h<small><sup>−1</sup></small>; NBE 36.2–72.7 mol%) in the ethylene/NBE copolymerisation at 50 °C to afford high molecular weight copolymers with high NBE contents (NBE > 60 mol%). These complexes also displayed superior capability for efficient synthesis of ethylene copolymers with tetracyclododecene (TCD) at 50 °C, and synthesis of high molar mass copolymers with high glass transition temperatures (<em>T</em><small><sub>g</sub></small> = 255 °C, TCD 52.3 mol%) has been achieved. Efficient synthesis of high molar mass cyclic olefin copolymers (COCs) possessing high <em>T</em><small><sub>g</sub></small> values has been demonstrated by using these catalysts.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 9","pages":" 2757-2765"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peng Zhang, Fozia Sultana, Tongtong Li, Xiaojun Qin, Meijie Shi, Tong Wei, Kaicheng Qian, Mingwu Tan, Zhixue Li, Jianming Bai and Renhong Li
{"title":"Regulating Ni2P electronic structure and morphology with cobalt: a one-step route to enhanced electrocatalytic urea oxidation and water splitting†","authors":"Peng Zhang, Fozia Sultana, Tongtong Li, Xiaojun Qin, Meijie Shi, Tong Wei, Kaicheng Qian, Mingwu Tan, Zhixue Li, Jianming Bai and Renhong Li","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00008D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00008D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The effectiveness of electrochemical hydrogen production is predominantly impeded by the slow kinetics associated with the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Nevertheless, the method of urea-assisted energy-efficient alkaline hydrogen production has surfaced as a viable alternative strategy. In this study, a highly efficient Ni<small><sub>2</sub></small>P/NiCoP/NF electrocatalyst, featuring a unique combination of nanosheet and nanoneedle structures, is fabricated by fine-tuning the synthesis process. When employed as a catalyst, Ni<small><sub>2</sub></small>P/NiCoP/NF demonstrated exceptional catalytic efficiency, achieving a current density of 100 mA cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small> at a notably low potential of 1.31 V (<em>vs.</em> RHE) in the urea oxidation reaction (UOR). Notably, this potential was 210 mV lower than that required for the OER. Moreover, the system demonstrated excellent stability, maintaining a stable performance for over 36 hours. Theoretical calculations suggested that cobalt incorporation could facilitate the relocation of the d band center of Ni<small><sub>2</sub></small>P/NiCoP/NF towards the Fermi level, thereby enhancing electron transport efficiency. This adjustment enhanced the electron transport and increased urea adsorption, thereby accelerating the urea oxidation reaction (UOR). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a highly uniform and well-distributed nanostructure, whereas electrochemical measurements indicated significant enhancement in performance. Both of these outcomes directly resulted from the precise control of the synthesis parameters. This study showcases the successful integration of hybrid structure formation and morphology control strategies to design cost-effective catalysts for electrochemical conversion processes, thereby offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach towards energy-efficient hydrogen production.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 9","pages":" 2733-2744"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chiara Pischetola, Luca Artiglia, Frank Krumeich and Jeroen A. van Bokhoven
{"title":"Tailored support reduction of Cu/SrTiO3 catalysts for enhanced methanol production†","authors":"Chiara Pischetola, Luca Artiglia, Frank Krumeich and Jeroen A. van Bokhoven","doi":"10.1039/D4CY01487A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CY01487A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Copper supported on strontium titanate is explored as a catalyst in the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to methanol. We used combined H<small><sub>2</sub></small>-TPR, O<small><sub>2</sub></small>-TPO, XPS, and STEM-EDX to identify the support defects, tailored by the activation procedure. Strontium titanate forms oxygen vacancies under high-temperature reductive treatments. The extent of its reduction is a function of the copper content and of the pressure; the highest extent is achieved at 2 wt% copper and 20 bar hydrogen. The catalytic data agree with a direct relationship between the methanol selectivity and the concentration of the oxygen vacancies, with the best results being: 90% (10% towards carbon monoxide) and an associated methanol space time yield of 0.49 g<small><sub>MeOH</sub></small> g<small><sub>cat</sub></small><small><sup>−1</sup></small> h<small><sup>−1</sup></small>. The selectivity is higher than that achieved on a typical copper catalyst on zinc oxide alumina, while keeping the competitive productivity value, despite having thirty times lower copper content. <em>Post</em>-reaction characterisation suggests that these sites are stable under reaction conditions. We propose a dual-site surface mechanism based on oxygen vacancies formed at the copper–support interface and <em>via</em> long-distance hydrogen spillover.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 9","pages":" 2722-2732"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/cy/d4cy01487a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chou-Yi Hsu, Safia Obaidur Rab, Farag M. A. Altalbawy, Vicky Jain, Soumya V. Menon, Mamata Chahar, Zahraa Ahmed Taha and Wael Dheaa Kadhim
{"title":"EDTA-Co(ii) complex functionalized magnetic nanoparticles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles","authors":"Chou-Yi Hsu, Safia Obaidur Rab, Farag M. A. Altalbawy, Vicky Jain, Soumya V. Menon, Mamata Chahar, Zahraa Ahmed Taha and Wael Dheaa Kadhim","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00099H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00099H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this study, we report the synthesis of an EDTA coordinated cobalt complex [EDTA-Co(<small>II</small>)] immobilized on the surface of Fe<small><sub>3</sub></small>O<small><sub>4</sub></small> magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) <em>via</em> a three-step post-synthetic modification approach. The structure of the prepared catalytic nanocomposite was comprehensively characterized using a suite of spectroscopic, physical, morphological, and elemental analytical techniques. The catalytic efficiency of this nanocomposite was evaluated in the synthesis of 5-substituted 1<em>H</em>-tetrazoles <em>via</em> the [3 + 2] cycloaddition of sodium azide to nitriles at 120 °C in polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as a green solvent. This approach yielded the desired products with excellent yields and selectivity in short reaction times. Hot filtration, leaching and reusability studies confirmed the catalyst's high stability and recyclability with negligible loss of activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 9","pages":" 2745-2756"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the o-aryl halogen effects of α-diimine Pd(ii) catalysts on ethylene (co)polymerization†","authors":"Yan Wang and Shengyu Dai","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00187K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00187K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Recently, we delved into the impact of <em>o</em>-aryl halogen effects on nickel α-diimine-catalyzed ethylene polymerization and uncovered some intriguing findings. Building on this work, we now further explore the influence of such substitution on the performance of palladium α-diimine catalysts on both the branching density and catalytic activity in ethylene (co)polymerization. To begin, we synthesized and characterized a range of dibenzhydryl α-diimine palladium catalysts, featuring a butyl backbone adorned with diverse <em>o</em>-aryl halogen substituents. These catalysts exhibited high activity (level of 10<small><sup>5</sup></small> g mol<small><sup>−1</sup></small> Pd h<small><sup>−1</sup></small>) in ethylene polymerization, yielding highly branched (70–83/1000C) polyethylenes with tunable molecular weights (0.9–44.2 kg mol<small><sup>−1</sup></small>). Significantly, the molecular weight of the resultant polyethylene was critically influenced by the size of the <em>o</em>-aryl halogen substituent, wherein larger halogens contributed to a substantial increase. Interestingly, the effect of halogen substitution on both the branching density and catalytic activity was relatively subtle, likely due to the counteracting forces of steric hindrance and electronic effects. In the copolymerization of ethylene with MA, we observed similar trends with respect to the influence of <em>o</em>-aryl halogen substitution on the molecular weight and branching density. Furthermore, we discovered that bulkier halogens hindered MA incorporation, resulting in copolymers with lower MA insertion ratios, yet they surprisingly boosted the copolymerization activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 9","pages":" 2822-2828"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xing Zhao, Haojie Xie, Jing Zuo, Jihe Wang, Mei-Xin Zhao and Jun Zhang
{"title":"PCCP ligands with a semi-rigid backbone for chromium-catalyzed selective ethylene tri-/tetramerization†","authors":"Xing Zhao, Haojie Xie, Jing Zuo, Jihe Wang, Mei-Xin Zhao and Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00152H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00152H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A series of semi-rigid PCCP ligands (R′′PhPC(<img>CRR′)CH<small><sub>2</sub></small>PPhR′′′) containing a rigid olefinic moiety and a flexible methylene moiety within the ligand backbone was prepared, and their application to chromium-catalyzed selective ethylene tri-/tetramerization has been explored. These PCCP ligands could be easily modified at both the olefinic moiety and two <em>P</em>-substituents. Among the ligands bearing two PPh<small><sub>2</sub></small> groups, <strong>L</strong><small><sup><strong>3</strong></sup></small>, with a phenyl substituent at the olefinic site of the ligand backbone, in combination with chromium exhibited the highest activity (644 kg g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> Cr h<small><sup>−1</sup></small>) and the highest 1-C<small><sub>6</sub></small> selectivity, as well as the highest combined 1-C<small><sub>6</sub></small>/1-C<small><sub>8</sub></small> selectivity at 60 °C. Complex <strong>3</strong>, based on <strong>L</strong><small><sup><strong>3</strong></sup></small>, also exhibited high thermal stability, giving a high activity of 1259 kg g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> Cr h<small><sup>−1</sup></small> at 100 °C. Complex <strong>4</strong>, containing <strong>L</strong><small><sup><strong>4</strong></sup></small> with a PPhCy group adjacent to the rigid olefinic site, showed improved activity compared to its PPh<small><sub>2</sub></small> counterpart <strong>1</strong>. At 80 °C, complex <strong>4</strong> exhibited a high combined 1-C<small><sub>6</sub></small>/1-C<small><sub>8</sub></small> selectivity of 91.0 wt%, with almost no PE formation. The addition of hydrogen was shown to be capable of significantly improving the catalytic performance. In the presence of hydrogen, the catalytic activity increased 2.3–3.2-fold for <strong>3</strong> and <strong>4</strong>, giving a very high activity of up to 2160 kg g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> Cr h<small><sup>−1</sup></small> with significantly reduced PE formation (0.2 wt%).</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 9","pages":" 2713-2721"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jieqi Zhou, Liang Guo, Junwei Xu, Rumeng Ouyang, Xiaomei Yu, Xiuzhong Fang, Jiating Shen and Xiang Wang
{"title":"Fluorite phase La–M–O (M = Zr and Ce) composite oxides for oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane at low or high temperatures: redox sites vs. lattice oxygen†","authors":"Jieqi Zhou, Liang Guo, Junwei Xu, Rumeng Ouyang, Xiaomei Yu, Xiuzhong Fang, Jiating Shen and Xiang Wang","doi":"10.1039/D4CY01484G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CY01484G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >La<small><sub>0.5</sub></small>Zr<small><sub>0.5</sub></small>O<small><sub>1.75</sub></small> (LZ) without redox sites and La<small><sub>0.5</sub></small>Ce<small><sub>0.5</sub></small>O<small><sub>1.75</sub></small> (LC) with redox sites, both possessing disordered defect fluorite phases, were successfully synthesized using a glycine nitrate combustion method. As oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (ODHE) catalysts, LC and LZ exhibit good reaction performance at low and high temperatures, respectively. LC can achieve a C<small><sub>2</sub></small>H<small><sub>4</sub></small> yield of 18.1% at 500 °C, while LZ can achieve a C<small><sub>2</sub></small>H<small><sub>4</sub></small> yield of 39.4% at 700 °C. While both have intrinsic disordered oxygen vacancies, the Ce<small><sup>3+</sup></small>/Ce<small><sup>4+</sup></small> oxygen storage cycle on the LC surface promotes oxygen mobility, thereby reducing the exchange temperature between gas-phase oxygen and binuclear reactive oxygen species O<small><sub>2</sub></small><small><sup>−</sup></small> and O<small><sub>2</sub></small><small><sup>2−</sup></small>. The lattice oxygen of LZ is less active than that of LC, so it exhibits good high-temperature reaction performance. When designing and preparing A<small><sub>2</sub></small>B<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>7</sub></small>-type catalysts for ODHE, the presence of redox sites in the fluorite phase is beneficial for low-temperature reaction performance, while the less active lattice oxygen in the fluorite phase enhances high-temperature reaction performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 9","pages":" 2829-2837"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi Miao, Shuzhe Zheng, Jiaqi Qi, Mingyi Xiao, Mingwu Tan, Zhongting Hu, Xiaonian Li, Jinshu Tian and Yihan Zhu
{"title":"Deactivation mechanisms and mitigation strategies for nickel-based acetylene semi-hydrogenation catalysts†","authors":"Yi Miao, Shuzhe Zheng, Jiaqi Qi, Mingyi Xiao, Mingwu Tan, Zhongting Hu, Xiaonian Li, Jinshu Tian and Yihan Zhu","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00098J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00098J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Acetylene semi-hydrogenation is a crucial reaction in the ethylene purification industry, and nickel-based catalysts are widely studied due to their low cost and excellent hydrogenation activity. However, the catalytic stability of these catalysts remains a significant challenge, with unclear deactivation mechanisms and a lack of effective strategies. In this paper, we used techniques such as hydrogen-programmed temperature reduction coupled with on-line mass spectrometry (H<small><sub>2</sub></small>-TPR-MS), <em>in situ</em> Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (<em>in situ</em> FT-IR) under reaction conditions, and Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy with CO as a probe molecule (CO-DRIFTS) to uncover a non-classical deactivation mechanism for supported nickel-based catalysts. Specifically, we discovered that the active Ni component interacts with hydroxyl groups on the support surface under reaction conditions, leading to the formation of inactive NiO<small><sub><em>x</em></sub></small> species. This interaction alters the electronic structure of the active Ni sites, affecting the adsorption and activation of acetylene, and ultimately results in gradual catalyst deactivation. Based on these findings, we proposed a strategy to modify the support surface and weaken this interaction, which enabled the design of highly stable nickel-based catalysts.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 9","pages":" 2838-2843"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chang Sun , Yuyan Liu , Zhaolei Liang , Qingqing Li , Yaping Du , Jin-Cheng Liu , Yahui Cheng , Feng Luo
{"title":"Activating PtRu with rare earth alloying for efficient electrocatalytic methanol oxidation reaction†","authors":"Chang Sun , Yuyan Liu , Zhaolei Liang , Qingqing Li , Yaping Du , Jin-Cheng Liu , Yahui Cheng , Feng Luo","doi":"10.1039/d4cy01514b","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4cy01514b","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is limited by the slow kinetics of anodic methanol oxidation (MOR), and Pt-based materials have been recognized as the most promising catalysts for MOR. Alloying Pt with other transition metals is an effective strategy for improving the catalytic performance of Pt-based catalysts. Rare earth (RE) metals are considered favorable elements for modulating catalytic activity owing to their unique electronic structures and electronegativity. In this work, a series of Pt–Ru–RE ternary alloys was synthesized <em>via</em> a potassium vapor reduction method, and the mass activity of the Pt<sub>2.7</sub>Ru<sub>0.3</sub>Sc alloy was observed to be 1.03 A mg<sub>pt</sub><sup>−1</sup>, which is almost four times that of Pt<sub>9</sub>Ru alloy (0.21 A mg<sub>pt</sub><sup>−1</sup>) and more than twice that of Pt<sub>3</sub>Sc alloy (0.42 A mg<sub>pt</sub><sup>−1</sup>). Moreover, the Pt<sub>2.7</sub>Ru<sub>0.3</sub>Sc alloy exhibited superior stability that could be activated repeatedly. Experiments and theoretical calculations revealed that Sc regulates the electronic structure of the Pt<sub>2.7</sub>Ru<sub>0.3</sub>Sc alloy and promotes the d-band center of superficial Pt downward, weakening the Pt–CO binding strength. Additionally, Ru was favorable for *OH adsorption, which was beneficial for the removal of the poisonous intermediate (*CO), and the synergistic effects enhanced the activity and stability of Pt<sub>2.7</sub>Ru<sub>0.3</sub>Sc alloy catalyst for MOR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":"15 8","pages":"Pages 2473-2481"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The rhodium riddle: computational insights into competitive β-hydride vs. β-fluoride elimination†","authors":"Bijan Mirabi , Mark Lautens , Mu-Hyun Baik","doi":"10.1039/d4cy01495b","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4cy01495b","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal-catalyzed β-eliminations are elementary reaction mechanisms commonly leveraged in organometallic processes, including the renowned Mizoroki–Heck reaction. Although β-hydride elimination has traditionally been the focus of study, β-heteroatom elimination, in particular β-fluoride elimination, has seen a significant rise in contemporary organic methodologies. Intriguingly, rhodium(<span>i</span>) and palladium(<span>ii</span>), which are isoelectronic, display opposite chemoselectivity for β-hydride <em>vs.</em> β-fluoride elimination. We investigated the origin of preferential β-fluoride over β-hydride elimination under rhodium(<span>i</span>) catalysis using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our modelling indicates that the kinetic preference is to undergo β-hydride elimination, but the observed chemoselectivity arises due to the reversible nature of the reaction. Additional modelling reveals that a Curtin–Hammett scenario enabled by reversibility of β-hydride elimination under the employed reaction conditions accounts for the enantioselectivity observed experimentally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":"15 8","pages":"Pages 2482-2492"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}