Journal of Rubber Research最新文献

{"title":"The effects of silver nitrate as antimicrobial agent in rubber latex films to reduce hospital acquired infections","authors":"CA Ruslimie,&nbsp;M Asrul,&nbsp;MY Norhanifah","doi":"10.1007/s42464-024-00254-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42464-024-00254-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The influence of silver nitrate as an antimicrobial agent on natural rubber (NR) and nitrile butylene rubber (NBR) latex films were investigated. The NR and NBR latex films were prepared using coagulant dipping with an additional dipping procedure was performed prior to wet gel leaching to deposit the silver nitrate solution onto rubber films. Different concentrations of silver nitrate solution were used in the range of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5 and 15.0 mM, respectively. The degree of microbial inhibition efficiency of the antimicrobial NR and NBR on <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) which is a common nosocomial pathogen in combating hospital acquired infections (HAIs) were evaluated. The field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analyses showed an obvious morphological transition of the silver particle structures were observed as the concentration of silver nitrate increased. On the other hand, the microbial inhibition study using free diffusion and dissipative equations are suggested to determine minimum inhibition concentration (MIC). The antimicrobial study suggested that silver nitrate deposited on the NR and NBR latex films were not influenced by the morphology of silver microstructure which yielded from different concentrations of silver nitrate deposited on latex films surface. Hence, the study effectively demonstrates that antimicrobial inhibition on different antimicrobial latex films results different of MIC values. The tensile strength results of silver nitrate treated NR and NBR latex films also showed no significant reduction on unaged and aged of film’s tensile strength, modulus at 300% (M300) and elongation at break (EB). These results indicated that the deposition of silver ion latex films had no negative effect on film’s integrity of the NR as well as NBR latex films.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rubber Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"383 - 397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140928456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent development of poly (lactic acid) blends with a thermoplastic elastomer compatibilised for fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing","authors":"Nik Intan Nik Ismail,&nbsp;Dayang Habibah Abang Ismawi Hashim,&nbsp;Siti Salina Sarkawi,&nbsp;Yen Wan Ngeow,&nbsp;Suhawati Ibrahim,&nbsp;Kok Chong Yong","doi":"10.1007/s42464-024-00252-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42464-024-00252-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study involves the fabrication of Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) blends with natural rubber (NR) or epoxidised natural rubber with 25% and 50% epoxidation levels (ENR 25 and ENR 50) respectively to produce flexible PLA filaments for fumed deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing. Styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene-grafted maleic anhydride (SEBS-g-MA) as a compatibiliser was used in the PLA/NR, PLA/ENR 25, and PLA/ENR 50 blends with a fixed blend ratio of 80/20. The effects of SEBS-g-MA content ranging from 5 to 15 parts per hundred polymer (php) in the PLA/NR, PLA/ENR 25 and PLA/ENR 50 blends on the thermal properties, tensile strength, elongation at break, melt flow index (MFI) and morphological analysis were studied. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that the glass transition temperature (<i>T</i>_<i>g</i>) and melting point temperature (<i>T</i>_<i>m</i>) of PLA shifted to a higher temperature as the SEBS-g-MA content increased in the PLA blends. Furthermore, a change in the degree of crystallinity was noted as the SEBS-g-MA content increased from 5 to 15 php, directly affecting the elongation at break of the compatibilised PLA blends. Relatively, the PLA/ENR 25/SEBS-g-MA blends have a much lower <i>T</i>_<i>m</i>, enthalpy, and crystallisation degree, indicating higher compatibility than the other compatibilised PLA blends. The results are consistent with the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, which revealed a possible interaction between the MA moiety, SEBS and rubber component functional groups. The MFI is gradually reduced with the addition of SEBS-g-MA up to 15 php; however, the value is comparable to the commercial PLA filament, which is sufficient for printability study. Overall, the PLA/ENR 25 containing 15 php SEBS-g-MA achieved optimal printability as a flexible PLA filament for 3D printing, as evidenced by a tenfold increase in elongation at break of the 3D-printed parts compared to the commercial filament.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rubber Research","volume":"27 2","pages":"177 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cerato-Platanin gene, rmcp, from Rigidoporus microporus was stably expressed during infection of Hevea brasiliensis","authors":"Nor Afiqah Maiden,&nbsp;Safiah Atan,&nbsp;Nusaibah Syd Ali,&nbsp;Khairulmazmi Ahmad,&nbsp;Mui-Yun Wong","doi":"10.1007/s42464-024-00253-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42464-024-00253-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rubber tree (<i>Hevea brasiliensis</i>) is vulnerable to infections by various fungal pathogens. White root disease infection is one of the most prevalent diseases of rubber in Malaysia. This disease is caused by the fungus <i>Rigidoporus microporus</i>. Delayed management of this disease can cause considerable reduction in total tree stand and ultimately decreased land productivity. The utilisation of elicitor proteins to heighten host plant resistance represents a sustainable approach to disease control by reducing the use of chemical fungicides. The cerato-platanin protein family is the most widely reported class of elicitor proteins. This study isolated a member of the cerato-platanin family from <i>R. microporus</i> and evaluated its expression during <i>H. brasiliensis</i> infection. Total RNA was extracted from the mycelial sample of <i>R. microporus</i> followed by cDNA synthesis, isolation and cloning of the cerato-platanin transcript referred to as <i>rmcp</i>. In silico characterisation of the obtained sequence was then conducted and the relative expression of the gene was evaluated using RT-qPCR. A transcript of 438 bp encoding 145 amino acids protein, denoted as RmCP, was isolated and cloned. RmCP is composed of a cerato-platanin domain and a predicted N-terminal signal peptide. Phylogenetic analysis grouped RmCP into a cluster together with cerato-platanin proteins originating from basidiomycetes. The expression of <i>rmcp</i> gene was consistent throughout the study period and was not significantly different from axenic culture. This suggests the gene to have a fundamental function in the life cycle of <i>R. microporus</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rubber Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"373 - 382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latex, colloidal and film properties of concentrated skim latex prepared using membrane filtration process","authors":"Manroshan Singh Jaswan Singh,&nbsp;Nurul Hayati Yusof,&nbsp;Fatimah Rubaizah Mohd Rasdi","doi":"10.1007/s42464-024-00251-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42464-024-00251-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For a long time, skim latex has been regarded as waste from the latex centrifugation process. To recover the rubber, skim latex is coagulated using strong acid due to the high presence of non-rubbers, resulting in products of low quality and unpleasant odour. Additionally, the acid discharged into effluent ponds causes malodour and adversely affects the health of nearby residents. Considering this, a novel method employing a membrane filtration system was utilised, successfully recovering and concentrating skim latex while removing water-soluble non-rubbers. The resulting latex concentrate was then compared to raw skim latex in terms of latex, colloidal, and film properties. Latex properties, namely total solids content (TSC), dry rubber content (DRC), alkalinity, nitrogen content, and gel content were determined. For the colloidal properties, particle size and distribution, zeta potential, and rheological properties (flow and viscoelastic behaviours), were characterised. The film properties assessed included the swelling index, appearance, and tensile properties. Significant improvements in latex properties after concentrating were observed, with both TSC and DRC increasing to 42% and 36%, respectively, while alkalinity, nitrogen, and gel contents decreased to 0.61%, 2.23%, and 54%, respectively. Particle size distribution in raw skim latex (RSL) exhibited a tri-modal distribution, but after membrane filtration, concentrated skim latex (CSL) showed a bi-modal distribution with particle sizes ranging from 0.03 to 0.3 µm and 0.3 to 5 µm and average sizes of 0.07 and 1 µm, respectively. Changes were also noted in zeta potential and rheological behaviour after membrane filtration. The isoelectric point of zeta potential shifted to a higher pH, from 4.2 for RSL to 4.9 for CSL, and the absolute zeta potential values decreased with increasing pH values. CSL also demonstrated a different flow behaviour, fitting well to the Herschel-Bulkley model, unlike RSL, which conformed to the Bingham model. Membrane concentration resulted in significant increases in CSL yield stress, consistency index, and shear thinning behaviour, leading to higher moduli values and indicating increased interaction between CSL particles. Conversely, CSL films prepared via casting swelled more in toluene, approximately two times more than RSL films. Nevertheless, RSL films were more opaque and only became transparent after leaching, indicating high non-rubber contents. Regarding tensile properties, both unleached and leached CSL films exhibited a similar tensile versus elongation profile, with ultimate tensile strength and elongation at break values ranging between 1.4 and 1.6 MPa and 650 and 700%, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rubber Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"357 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photodegradation of natural rubber latex by singlet oxygen generated from methylene blue","authors":"Suhawati Ibrahim,&nbsp;Nadras Othman","doi":"10.1007/s42464-024-00249-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42464-024-00249-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Methylene blue undergoes decomposition upon the exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light and oxygen to release reactive species such as singlet and triplet oxygen. These reactive species have adequate energy to oxidise and degrade organic materials including natural rubber (NR). In this work, NR latex was exposed to UV in the presence of methylene blue and hydrogen peroxide to produce low molecular weight NR latex. The Mn of NR was reduced from 544 × 10³ g/mol to about 6 × 10³ g/mol with low gel content. During the photodegradation, the NR chain was cleaved at both C = C and C-C bonds. The molecular structure of LNR was similar to that of the NR but with new functional groups of hydroxyl and carbonyl, resulting from oxidation and chain cleavage. The rubber particles were originally pear-shaped but changed to spherical after the degradation reaction, although their size remained largely similar.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rubber Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"341 - 355"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140662436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-heating in rubber components: experimental studies and numerical analysis","authors":"Mohamed Abdelmoniem,&nbsp;Bülent Yagimli","doi":"10.1007/s42464-024-00250-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42464-024-00250-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The temperature change in rubber components during operation results in a change in its transfer function and affects service life. In this study, the phenomenon of self-heating and its effect on the resulting forces is examined experimentally under different loading conditions using a test rig that applies a rotating shear load. The observed phenomenon from the tests was modelled using a finite viscoelastic model based on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient. The simulation results of the surface temperature and the resulting forces using the implemented material model showed good agreement with experimental results. The test rig and the simulation model can be used to characterise rubber materials and therefore, allow the prediction of the temperature distribution and the transfer function of rubber components under operational conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rubber Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"71 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42464-024-00250-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of carbon black-loaded natural rubber/carboxymethyl cellulose semi-IPN nanocomposite for effluent treatment","authors":"Manju R Nath,&nbsp;A. Mohanan","doi":"10.1007/s42464-024-00248-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42464-024-00248-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Semi-IPN composites of natural rubber (NR), hydrophilic sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and carbon black (CB) with different compositions have been created by solution casting process in an attempt to develop a novel adsorbent under various pH ranges for the cationic dye methylene blue (MB). The produced NR/CMC film can be employed as an adsorbent of MB dye, according to the results, which demonstrate that composites with 2% CMC and 0.2 g CB displayed a maximum adsorption capacity of 1.72 mg/g and a dye removal efficiency of 85.22% at pH 9. The semi-IPNs were characterised using X-ray diffraction, Thermogravimetry, FTIR, and SEM methods. The NR/CMC semi-IPN composites' SEM micrographs showed a continuous, homogenous and porous structure. The films' equilibrium swelling characteristics were examined. For the NR98%CMC2% polymeric composition, containing 2% glutaraldehyde (GA) and 0.02 g CB loading, a maximum tensile strength of 3.3 MPa was achieved. In a 12-month period with 2% CMC, the NR/CMC semi-IPN showed a 70% biodegradation rate, while the pure NR showed only a 20% degradation rate. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the addition of CMC reduces the crystallinity of natural rubber.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rubber Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"323 - 340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140601303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The opportunities and challenges associated with developing rubber plantations as carbon sinks in China","authors":"Zhensheng Ma,&nbsp;Lei Liu,&nbsp;Dongling Qi,&nbsp;Zhixiang Wu,&nbsp;Min Tang,&nbsp;Chuan Yang,&nbsp;Qingmao Fu,&nbsp;Yingying Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42464-024-00247-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42464-024-00247-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rubber plantations are among the most important in the world's tropical regions. They play a positive role in carbon sequestration and in delaying climate change, supplying strategic resources of natural rubber (NR), and aiding in poverty alleviation and rural revitalisation. This paper reviews six methods of research on carbon sinks in rubber plantations: the biomass inventory method, the biomass conversion factor continuous function method, the trade potential of carbon sinks method, the calculation method for carbon storage of rubber latex, the eddy covariance method, and the remote sensing image model method. This study clarifies the carbon sink assessment and enhancement model for rubber plantations and describes the composition of the carbon pool, which includes the aboveground and belowground vegetation biomass carbon pools, litter carbon pool, latex carbon pool, and soil carbon pool. It also examines influencing factors such as tree age, global climate change, and human disturbance, as well as improvement pathways including afforestation, fertilisation, irrigation, and tapping, and evaluation methods like field surveys, positional observations, remote sensing monitoring, and model simulation. Research on carbon sequestration in rubber plantations faces challenges, including the unclear dynamics of carbon sources and sequestration, uncertain spatial and temporal patterns, and the long-term lack of accurate monitoring of carbon sinks and technologies for increasing sinks and reducing emissions. Future research should focus on the methodology of rubber plantation carbon sequestration projects, the dynamics of carbon sequestration, and the spatial allocation pattern of carbon sequestration in rubber plantations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rubber Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"309 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140600984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics and underlying mechanisms of ecosystem respiration in rubber plantations: a case study in Hainan Island","authors":"Yinghe An,&nbsp;Zhixiang Wu,&nbsp;Yichen Wang,&nbsp;Runqing Zhang,&nbsp;Lan Wu,&nbsp;Wenjie Liu,&nbsp;Peng Wang,&nbsp;Zhongyi Sun","doi":"10.1007/s42464-024-00245-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42464-024-00245-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rubber plantations are an important component of tropical forest ecosystems and are emerging as crucial contributors to carbon sequestration in the tropics. However, ecosystem respiration (RECO), which constitutes an essential constraint on the carbon fixation capacity of rubber plantations, and its driving mechanisms remains unclear. Therefore, this study developed a data-driven semi-empirical model to simulate rubber plantations RECO utilising eddy covariance flux measurements and was upscaled to Hainan Island using remote sensing images and climatic data. Numerical simulations experiments analysed direct and indirect of climatic factors impacts on rubber plantations RECO. The results showed that the model accurately captured RECO trends and seasonality (R² = 0.87, RMSE = 1.27 g C m⁻² d⁻¹); in the past 19 years, RECO showed a noticeable increase, particularly in the late rainy season and the seasonality of RECO has shown a delayed pattern. The RECO in the central region (52% area) exhibited multimodal enhancement while northern and southern regions (37% area) showed oscillations or decreases. Temporally, RECO is higher in the rainy season compared to the dry season, and spatially, RECO is higher in the southern region than in the northern region. Among the climatic factors, water conditions (rainfall and air humidity) have been emerged as dominant factors (5.38%) influencing RECO, surpassing temperature (3.96%) and radiation (3.81%). In addition, climatic factors make a positive overall contribution during the dry season but perform oppositely in the rainy season. This study offers theoretical and technical insights into high carbon sink management in rubber plantations and carbon sequestration in tropical forests ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rubber Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"283 - 298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140601074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of a novel rubber degrading strain Brucella sp. BA23","authors":"Munzer Ullah,&nbsp;Amjad Hussain,&nbsp;Muhammad Imran,&nbsp;Muhammad Sajid,&nbsp;Rashid Riaz,&nbsp;Ahmad Kaleem Qureshi,&nbsp;Muhammad Adnan Ayub,&nbsp;Muhammad Ibrahim,&nbsp;Azka Parvaiz,&nbsp;Muhammad Tahir Saleh","doi":"10.1007/s42464-024-00244-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42464-024-00244-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the current study, samples were taken from the sewage treatment plant to isolate rubber-degrading microbial strains. The sludge samples were screened for rubber degradation microbes and later on, each strain was separately characterised for rubber degradation. Initially, strain BA23 showed half the rubber degradation ratio in mineral salt medium. The isolated microbial strains were identified based on 16SrRNA gene sequence analysis, morphological and biochemical characteristics and named <i>Brucella</i> sp. belonging to the genus <i>Bacillus.</i> Later on, the medium conditions for strain BA23 were optimised based on carbon, nitrogen sources, pH, temperature and incubation period. After optimising various environmental and nutritional conditions, the rubber degradation increased twice when inorganic nitrogen sources (aammonium nitrate) used 1 g/L in the medium at pH 7.5. Furthermore, the structural changes that occurred in the rubber polymer associated with the rubber polymer were analysed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the breakdown of important functional groups such as aldehyde, ketone ester and carboxylic acid was observed. Finally, the gravimetric weight loss of CO₂ during rubber degradation was 42.88 g/L, showing CO₂ evolution greatly when the rubber degradation occurred in the mineral salt medium. It was concluded that strain BA23 has a maximum potential for rubber degradation when it is used for future solid waste management of rubber and its products for a long period in the environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rubber Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"275 - 282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140300437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}