Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Study on the dynamic migration behaviour of plutonium in compacted clay","authors":"Jianzheng Zang,&nbsp;Guorun Jiang,&nbsp;Yu Wang,&nbsp;Haibo Yao,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Jie Chen,&nbsp;Hui Xu","doi":"10.1007/s10967-026-11053-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-026-11053-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dynamic migration behaviour of plutonium (Pu) in compacted clay was investigated by using a self-developed experimental apparatus under three distinct seepage pressures. The results demonstrate that Pu migration is governed by the water flow velocity and Pu speciation. Water flow exerts a dual influence: (i) it physically transports Pu, thereby accelerating its migration with increasing flow velocity; and (ii) dissolved oxygen within the flow could promote the oxidation of Pu(IV) to the more mobile species Pu(V) and Pu(VI). Notably, the dynamic adsorption distribution coefficien (<i>K</i>^<i>d</i>_<i>d</i>) of Pu in compacted clay was found to be an order of magnitude lower than its static adsorption distribution coefficient (<i>K</i>^<i>d</i>_<i>d</i>). Consequently, (<i>K</i>^<i>d</i>_<i>d</i>) must be incorporated into safety assessments for Pu-containing waste disposal under hydrologically active scenarios to avoid significant underestimation of Pu migration potential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"335 8","pages":"5613 - 5620"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yield optimization of (^{236})Np and quantification of long-lived Np isotopes produced in proton-irradiated DU","authors":"Brian M. Bucher,&nbsp;Peter R. Zalupski,&nbsp;Jared J. Horkley,&nbsp;Michael E. Fassbender,&nbsp;Travis S. Grimes,&nbsp;Ellen M. O’Brien,&nbsp;Christiaan E. Vermeulen,&nbsp;E. Paige Abel,&nbsp;Kevin P. Carney,&nbsp;Magen E. Coleman,&nbsp;Tony D. Jones,&nbsp;Kelly M. McCary,&nbsp;Warren J. Oldham,&nbsp;Cortney M. Pincock,&nbsp;Michael A. Reichenberger,&nbsp;John D. Stanek,&nbsp;Andrew J. Zillmer","doi":"10.1007/s10967-026-11048-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-026-11048-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The isotopic production and chemical purification of neptunium as a possible source for analytic reference material is reported. The aim was to maximize <span>(^{236})</span>Np (<span>(T_{1/2})</span> = 155 ky) yield from a proton irradiation of a depleted uranium target and evaluate the relative production of the other long-lived isotopes <span>(^{237})</span>Np (<span>(T_{1/2})</span> = 2.14 My) and <span>(^{235})</span>Np (<span>(T_{1/2})</span> = 396 d). An efficient chemical purification procedure was developed to isolate the transmutated neptunium from the uranium target matrix and high-activity irradiation and decay products. Based on gamma and mass spectrometric analyses, the final neptunium product contained a <span>(^{236})</span>Np mass of 6.15 <span>(mu)</span>g indicating a production yield from the <span>(^{238})</span>U(<i>p</i>, 3<i>n</i>) reaction of 125 ng/mA<span>(cdot)</span>h/g<span>(cdot)</span>cm<span>(^{-2})</span> DU. The <span>(^{237})</span>Np:<span>(^{236})</span>Np and <span>(^{235})</span>Np:<span>(^{236})</span>Np production ratios, the former reported for the first time, were 11.5 and 1.91, respectively. Comparisons to expected production amounts based on literature cross sections showed good agreement between the isotopic ratios, however total masses indicated an underproduction in the present experiment by 50%. Higher <span>(^{236})</span>Np isotopic purity may be achieved in future efforts if transmutated <span>(^{237})</span>U (<span>(T_{1/2})</span> = 6.75 d) could be separated from the neptunium product shortly following the irradiation.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"335 8","pages":"5555 - 5568"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of uranium and heavy metals in cigarettes and tobacco plants; health risk assessment","authors":"Süleyman Cankurt,&nbsp;Panagiotis Tsamos,&nbsp;Fotini Noli","doi":"10.1007/s10967-026-11039-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-026-11039-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tobacco plants accumulate radionuclides and heavy metals in different parts (leaves, stems, root). In this study determination of uranium isotopes and heavy metals was undertaken in some of the most popular brands of cigarettes as well as in tobacco leaves and in soil samples from Turkey. The activity concentrations of U-238 and U-234 were measured by α-spectrometry, and the effective annual dose was estimated. The metals concentrations such as As, Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni, Cd, were determined by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Transfer factors and risk assessment were calculated, indicated that the concentration of heavy metals range in normal values but show a significant potential health risk to users.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"335 8","pages":"5569 - 5576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10967-026-11039-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Cs retention in superabsorbent polymers via preferential Ca removal by CO2 bubbling in fly-ash aqueous systems","authors":"Shogo Higaki,&nbsp;Toru Oishi","doi":"10.1007/s10967-026-11051-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-026-11051-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we aimed to safely treat fly ash generated during the incineration-based volume reduction of ¹³⁷Cs-contaminated waste from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident by applying SAP to the fly-ash washing process. To enhance the Cs⁺ retention capacity of SAP, we investigated the removal of the interfering element Ca from fly-ash aqueous solutions by inducing CaCO₃ precipitation via CO₂ bubbling. When CO₂ bubbling adjusted the solution pH to an appropriate range, Ca²⁺ concentrations decreased through CaCO₃ precipitation, thereby decreasing the distribution coefficient for Ca and enhancing that for Cs. This method is advantageous because it does not require chemical modification of SAP and avoids increasing the electrolyte concentration, which would otherwise reduce SAP water-absorption capacity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"335 8","pages":"5527 - 5541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10967-026-11051-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiological signatures as indicators of radioactive mineralization in economically promising syenogranites of Gebel Ras El Kharit–Wadi Khashir area, Southeastern Desert, Egypt","authors":"Shimaa. Kh. El Wafaa,&nbsp;W. H. El-Abbady,&nbsp;G. M. Saleh,&nbsp;Mona M. Fawzy,&nbsp;M. G. El Feky,&nbsp;A. M. Ismail","doi":"10.1007/s10967-026-11034-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-026-11034-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The syenogranite of Gebel Ras El Khashit–Wadi Khashir area represents a significant uranium-bearing granitoid system within the Eastern Desert of Egypt. This study provides an integrated, multi-disciplinary assessment demonstrating that radiological signatures can be effectively used as quantitative and diagnostic indicators of uranium mineralization within altered granitoids, offering a refined approach to uranium exploration in the region. Twenty representative syenogranite samples were analyzed using calibrated high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometry to determine the activity concentrations of equivalent uranium (eU), equivalent thorium (eTh), radium (Ra), and potassium (K). The samples exhibit a wide range of uranium enrichment, spanning background to strongly mineralized levels. Multivariate statistical analysis reveals that uranium-series radionuclides constitute the principal source of variability within the dataset, whereas potassium displays an independent geochemical behavior. The results show markedly elevated eU values, high eU/eTh ratios, and weak correlations between uranium and thorium, collectively indicating significant uranium mobilization under open-system conditions. Uranium isotopic disequilibrium and elemental ratios further confirm repeated uranium redistribution associated with post-magmatic hydrothermal processes and secondary enrichment and depletion events. A key outcome of this work is the clear spatial and genetic association between radiometric anomalies and hydrothermal alteration assemblages, including alkali metasomatism, sericitization, muscovitization, hematitization, and fluoritization, which exert primary control on uranium concentration and redistribution. Mineralogical investigations identify uranophane as the dominant uranium-bearing phase, with minor thorite, while zircon, fluorite, and aluminosilicate phases contribute to uranium accommodation mainly through micro-inclusions and surface coatings. The integration of radiometric data with mineralogical and alteration evidence demonstrates that radiological signatures can serve as a robust predictive exploration tool for delineating uranium-fertile zones. By establishing a direct genetic and quantitative linkage between radiometric anomalies, isotope disequilibrium, and mineral-scale uranium hosting, this study advances radiological methods from descriptive mapping tools to predictive exploration vectors in granitoid-hosted uranium systems and highlights the economic potential of Gebel Ras El Kharit–Wadi Khashir syenogranites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"335 8","pages":"5467 - 5491"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case study on the use of carbon sticky tabs for microbeam uranium isotope measurement with an emphasis on understanding the influence of subtle variations in substrate composition","authors":"N. Alex Zirakparvar,&nbsp;Benjamin T. Manard,&nbsp;Brian Monteleone,&nbsp;Hunter Andrews,&nbsp;Brian Ticknor,&nbsp;Shalina Metzger,&nbsp;Daniel R. Dunlap,&nbsp;Toya Beiswenger,&nbsp;Cole R. Hexel","doi":"10.1007/s10967-026-11047-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-026-11047-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper we integrate laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), large geometry secondary ion mass spectrometry (LG-SIMS), laser ablation—multi collector—inductively coupled plasma—mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS), and trace elemental compositions obtained by bulk digestion from a suite of commercially available carbon sticky tabs to determine if subtle variations in the tab’s composition can be tied to shifts in the observed uranium isotopic composition of the IRMM-2020 standard relative to its ‘true’ value. The results suggest that, although clear differences exist in the relative abundances of carbon and hydrogen across the various carbon sticky tabs examined, as well as differences in their trace elemental and total uranium concentrations, these differences do not appear to influence the LG-SIMS or LA-MC-ICP-MS uranium isotope ratio measurements, or the appearance of the uranium mass spectrum scans. Instead, the quality (i.e., precision and accuracy) of the LG-SIMS and LA-MC-ICP-MS results are directly proportional to the observed signal intensity at the time of analysis. For the LG-SIMS measurements, there does appear to be a direct correlation between ²³⁵U¹H hydride formation rates and vacuum conditions within the instrument’s analytical chamber. Furthermore, none of the carbon sticky tabs examined by LG-SIMS displayed evidence of elevated background uranium content. While a preliminary correlation was observed between the uranium isotope background signal during LA-MC-ICP-MS and the total uranium concentrations determined by isotope dilution, none of the tabs displayed a high enough analytical background to affect the isotope ratio measurements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"335 8","pages":"5507 - 5526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear dry cleaning. Removal of radionuclides in 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5–decafluoropentane medium","authors":"Alexey M. Fedotov,&nbsp;Artem Y. Nikolaev,&nbsp;Nadezhda E. Mishina,&nbsp;Andrey A. Murzin,&nbsp;Vasiliy A. Babain","doi":"10.1007/s10967-026-11046-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-026-11046-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is shown that 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5–decafluoropentane (HFC-4310mee) can be used as a medium for decontamination of personal protective clothes. Extraction systems based on HFC-4310mee with the addition of perfluorocarboxylic acid, water and a ligand (PEG or crown ether) can extract up to 98% of cesium in one contact. In the presence of N,N,N',N'-tetra-n-octyl diglycolamide (TODGA), it is possible to extract up to 93% of europium, 90% of americium, and 84% of plutonium in the HFC-4310mee medium. The kinetics of decontamination was studied. A large proportion of radionuclides is removed within the first 12 min of decontamination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"335 8","pages":"5543 - 5553"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of automated radionuclide separation at the National Physical Laboratory","authors":"Alexandre Tribolet,&nbsp;Annabel Sumeray,&nbsp;Jenny Laird,&nbsp;Ben Russell","doi":"10.1007/s10967-026-11023-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-026-11023-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rapid, reproducible and cost-effective separation of radionuclides from interferences prior to measurement is a key stage of radioanalytical procedures. Extraction chromatography separations are well established for selective separation of radionuclides for different applications. Automation of these separations has been considered as an approach to further improve reproducibility and reduce manual intervention. In this study, four application areas were explored using the HIDEX Q‑ARE 50 automated separation system: high precision, low‑flow rate lanthanide separation for development of high purity radiopharmaceuticals, separation and pre-concentration of ⁹⁰Sr and ²²⁶Ra from high volume environmental samples, tandem separation of ⁹⁰Sr for decommissioning applications, and coupling the separator to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for time-resolved monitoring of separations. Across all applications, recoveries with the automated system were generally in agreement with those achieved using vacuum‑box methods. The advantages and limitations of the automated approach are discussed for the different application areas, as well as recommendations for further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"335 8","pages":"5493 - 5505"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10967-026-11023-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing improvements in sensitivity and measurement timescales using gamma-gamma coincidence spectrometry for assay measurements","authors":"T. C. Stokes,&nbsp;M. A. Goodwin,&nbsp;M. J. Jackson,&nbsp;A. J. Boston","doi":"10.1007/s10967-026-11045-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-026-11045-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A gamma-gamma (<span>({{upgamma }}-{{upgamma }})</span>) coincidence spectrometer was modelled using the Geant4 toolkit and validated against experimental measurements. Incorporation of a decay-time estimation method enabled the generation of time-stamped list mode (T-List) data, facilitating a quantitative assessment of the performance advantages of high-resolution <span>({{upgamma }}-{{upgamma }})</span> coincidence spectrometry relative to conventional high-resolution <span>({{upgamma }})</span>-spectrometry. The detection limit sensitivity for specific radionuclides of interest in the presence of a specified contaminant were investigated and the relative benefits of coincidence analysis discussed. The detection limit for <span>(^{text {134}})</span>Cs, using the 605-795 keV signature, is shown to be independent of <span>(^{text {137}})</span>Cs activity but sensitive to <span>(^{text {132}})</span>I due to the presence of abundant high-energy coincident photons. Similarly, the potential acceleration of analytical timelines through the combination of partial radiochemical separation and <span>({{upgamma }}-{{upgamma }})</span> coincidence spectrometry is explored. For example, <span>(^{text {156}})</span>Eu is predicted to be detectable in fission product matrices containing other lanthanide radionuclides using <span>({{upgamma }})</span>–<span>({{upgamma }})</span> coincidence spectrometry, despite remaining below conventional <span>({{upgamma }})</span>-spectrometric detection limits, with quantifiable results obtainable several hours earlier than via full radiochemical separation followed by standard <span>({{upgamma }})</span>-spectrometry. In the analysis of compositionally complex samples, this approach also enables the identification of radionuclides that adversely affect detection limits, thereby highlighting candidates for removal by radiochemical separation.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"335 8","pages":"5577 - 5586"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10967-026-11045-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recommended cross sections for emerging medical imaging radionuclides and co-produced radionuclidic impurities","authors":"A. Hermanne,&nbsp;F. Tárkányi,&nbsp;A. V. Ignatyuk,&nbsp;F. Ditrói,&nbsp;R. Capote","doi":"10.1007/s10967-026-11033-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-026-11033-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Twenty-five reactions for efficient production of six emerging radionuclides for medical imaging and co-production of relevant radionuclidic impurities were selected and evaluated: ⁶⁸Ga (by protons on Zn targets) and ^66,67Ga impurities, ⁷¹As and ⁷⁴As on Ge targets, ⁷²Se from ⁷⁵As targets, ^117,119Sb from Sn targets and ¹²²Sb impurity, ¹⁹¹Pt on Ir and Pt targets, ²⁰³Pb and impurities on ²⁰⁵Tl targets. Moreover, fourteen reactions for co-produced radionuclidic impurities of the medical radionuclides with recommended cross sections already available in the IAEA database are evaluated, too. The reference isotopes are: ^44,44mSc (protons on Ca targets), ⁵²Mn (protons on Cr), ⁵⁵Co (protons and deuterons on Ni and Fe), ⁸⁶Y protons on Sr targets. Sets of experimental data were selected for the Padé fit providing recommended values. Only the nuclear reactions with at least two independent experimental data sets in a wider overlapping energy region were considered for further processing. Integral production yields were deduced from the recommended data. Data were compared with TALYS-code predictions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"335 8","pages":"5333 - 5409"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10967-026-11033-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}