{"title":"Solitary Electrohydrodynamic Waves with Submerged Point Vortices","authors":"Tingting Feng, Haihan Yang","doi":"10.1007/s00021-026-01011-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00021-026-01011-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider the existence of two-dimensional solitary gravity-capillary wave solutions propagating under a normal electric field with submerged point vortices. While some literature has discussed the incompressible Euler equations with spatially localized vorticity, little is known about the extent to which the combined effects of electrohydrodynamics influence the flow. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating the impact of a normal electric field on the behavior of point vortex system. By applying the implicit function theorem, we construct a continuous curve of small-amplitude solitary gravity-capillary wave solutions to the point vortex system. Notably, the solutions exhibit a surface depression at the origin, induced by the submerged point vortex. This depression becomes more pronounced as the vortex approaches the free surface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":649,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Explicit Two-Dimensional Solution for a Model of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current","authors":"Shan Li, Fei Chen, JinRong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00021-026-01008-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00021-026-01008-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper is concerned with the explicit solutions for a class of geophysical gyre models. Under the relevant physical conditions, the current model can be regarded as a governing equation of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). For the linear oceanic vorticity case, we derive some explicit two-dimensional solutions which depend on solving the associated Fuchs type equation, Hypergeometric equation, and Legendre’s differential equation, respectively. These explicit solutions provide a framework for analyzing the influence of various parameters on the flow field and offer valuable insights into the characteristics of the ACC. Our simulations under constant vorticity capture the trend of the ACC’s velocity increasing with latitude. Finally, for the nonlinear vorticity case, we establish the existence of nontrivial solutions to this equation by introducing energy functionals and imposing appropriate assumptions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":649,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determination of Time Dependent Source Terms for Stokes Systems in Unbounded Domains","authors":"Adel Blouza, Léo Glangetas, Yavar Kian, Van-Sang Ngo","doi":"10.1007/s00021-025-00996-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00021-025-00996-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article is devoted to the analysis of inverse source problems for Stokes systems in unbounded domains where the corresponding velocity flow is observed on a surface. Our main objective is to study the unique determination of general class of time-dependent and vector-valued source terms with potentially unknown divergence. Taking into account the challenges inherent in this class of inverse source problems, we aim to identify the most precise conditions that ensure their resolution. Motivated by various fluid motion problems, we explore several class of boundary measurements. Our proofs are based on different arguments, including unique continuation properties for Stokes systems, approximate controllability, complex analysis, and the application of explicit harmonic functions and explicit solutions for Stokes systems. This analysis is complemented by a reconstruction algorithm and examples of numerical computations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":649,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147340110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal Control of a Navier–Stokes–Cahn–Hilliard System for Membrane-fluid Interaction","authors":"Andrea Signori, Hao Wu","doi":"10.1007/s00021-026-01004-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00021-026-01004-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider an optimal control problem for a two-dimensional Navier–Stokes–Cahn–Hilliard system arising in the modeling of fluid-membrane interaction. The fluid dynamics is governed by the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations, which are nonlinearly coupled with a sixth-order Cahn–Hilliard type equation representing the deformation of a flexible membrane through a phase-field variable. Building on the previously established existence and uniqueness of global strong solutions for the coupled system, we introduce an external forcing term acting on the fluid as the control variable. Then we seek to minimize a tracking-type cost functional, demonstrating the existence of an optimal control and deriving the associated first-order necessary optimality conditions. A key issue is to establish sufficient regularity for solutions of the adjoint system, which is crucial for the rigorous derivation of optimality conditions in the fluid dynamic setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":649,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147338923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forward Self-similar Solutions to the MHD Type System in the Half Space","authors":"Yifan Yang","doi":"10.1007/s00021-026-01007-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00021-026-01007-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the existence of forward self-similar solutions to the magnetohydrodynamic type (MHD type) system in the half space <span>(mathbb {R}^{3}_{+})</span>. For any self-similar initial data belonging to <span>(L^{infty }_{loc}(overline{mathbb {R}^{3}_{+}}setminus {0}))</span>, we employ a compactness argument and Leray–Schauder theorem to construct a forward self-similar solution to the MHD type system that is smooth in <span>(mathbb {R}^{3}_{+}times (0,infty ))</span>. Moreover, our results extend the existence theorem of Korobkov and Tsai [25] for the Navier–Stokes equations by relaxing the regularity requirement on the initial data from <span>(C^{1}_{loc}(overline{mathbb {R}^{3}_{+}}setminus {0}))</span> to <span>(L^{infty }_{loc}(overline{mathbb {R}^{3}_{+}}setminus {0}))</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":649,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147338135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"(L^infty ) Bounds Under Optimal Conditions on Integrability of Forces in the Two-dimensional Navier-Stokes System","authors":"Taiki Takeuchi, Michael Winkler","doi":"10.1007/s00021-026-01005-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00021-026-01005-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The two-dimensional Navier-Stokes system </p><div><div><span>$$begin{aligned} left{ begin{array}{l} u_t + (ucdot nabla ) u =Delta u+nabla P + f(x,t), nabla cdot u=0, end{array} right. qquad qquad (star ) end{aligned}$$</span></div></div><p>is considered along with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions in a smoothly bounded planar domain <span>(Omega subset mathbb {R}^2)</span>. By assuming that the initial fluid velocity <span>(u_0)</span> and the external force <i>f</i> are smooth and satisfy <span>(Vert u_0Vert _{L^{infty }(Omega )}+Vert {mathcal {P}}fVert _{L^q( ((t-1)_+,t);L^p(Omega ))})</span><span>( le M)</span> for all <span>(t in (0,T))</span>, and that (<i>u</i>, <i>P</i>) is a classical solution of (<span>(star )</span>) on <span>(Omega times (0,T))</span>, it is shown that <span>(Vert uVert _{L^{infty }(Omega times (0,T))}<infty )</span> under the condition that <span>(p in (1,infty ])</span> and <span>(q in [1,infty ])</span> fulfill either </p><div><div><span>$$begin{aligned} q>1 qquad text{ and } qquad frac{1}{p} + frac{1}{q} <1, end{aligned}$$</span></div></div><p>or </p><div><div><span>$$begin{aligned} q=1 qquad text{ and } qquad p=infty . end{aligned}$$</span></div></div><p>In addition, given any <span>(x_0 in Omega )</span> and <span>(T>0)</span>, certain smooth <i>f</i> and <span>(u=(u_1,u_2))</span> are constructed which are such that <span>(Vert fVert _{L^q((0,T);L^p(Omega ))}<infty )</span> for any <span>(p in [1,infty ))</span> and <span>(q in (1,infty ])</span> fulfilling </p><div><div><span>$$begin{aligned} frac{1}{p}+frac{1}{q} ge 1, end{aligned}$$</span></div></div><p>that <i>u</i> solves (<span>(star )</span>) in <span>(Omega times (0,T))</span> with some suitable <i>P</i>, but that </p><div><div><span>$$begin{aligned} u_1(x_0,t)rightarrow + infty qquad text{ as } tnearrow T. end{aligned}$$</span></div></div></div>","PeriodicalId":649,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147337458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global Stability and Non-Vanishing Vacuum States of the 3D Full Compressible Navier–Stokes equations","authors":"Yang Liu, Guochun Wu, Xin Zhong","doi":"10.1007/s00021-026-01003-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00021-026-01003-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We are concerned with the global stability and non-vanishing vacuum states of large strong solutions to the full compressible Navier–Stokes equations on the torus <span>({mathbb {T}}^3)</span>, and the main goal of this work is twofold. First, it is shown that the global strong solutions converge to an equilibrium state exponentially in <span>(L^2)</span> in the presence of vacuum provided that the density <span>(rho )</span> and the temperature <span>(theta )</span> are bounded uniformly in <span>(L^infty )</span>. This improves the previous related works in (Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré C Anal. Non Linéaire, 37 (2020), no. 2, 457–488) and (J. Math. Fluid Mech., 24 (2022), no. 2, Paper No. 31), where both <span>(rho (x, t))</span> and <span>(theta (x, t))</span> possess uniform-in-time positive lower and upper bounds, and <span>(rho (x,t))</span> is bounded uniformly in the Hölder space <span>(C^alpha )</span> for some <span>(0<alpha <1)</span>. Moreover, we remove the extra restriction <span>(2mu >lambda )</span> in their results. Second, by employing some new ideas, we show that the density and temperature converge to their equilibrium states exponentially in the <span>(L^infty )</span>-norm if additionally the initial density has positive lower bound, which extends the isentropic case in (SIAM J. Math. Anal., 55 (2023), no. 2, 882–899) to the non-isentropic case. As a by-product, we get that the vacuum state will persist for any time as long as the initial density contains vacuum.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":649,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146099148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global Well-Posedness and Exponential Decay for the Two-Phase Model with a Magnetic Field","authors":"Xueyuan Qi","doi":"10.1007/s00021-025-00989-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00021-025-00989-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we study a two-phase model with a magnetic field in periodic domain <span>(mathbb {T}^{N} (N=2,3))</span>, which was first derived by Wen and Zhu (J.Differ.Equ., 2018). By introducing a new quantity and utilizing the intrinsic structure of the system, we overcome the difficulty arising from the lack of dissipation for density of fluid and density of particles in the mixture, and establish the existence of global strong solutions in Sobolev spaces <span>(H^{3})</span>. Furthermore, we obtain the exponential decay of solutions. Our results considerably improve upon the recent works by Wen and Zhu (J.Differ.Equ., 2018) and Chen and Zhu(J.Differ.Equ., 2019).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":649,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147335745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Dispersion Relation of Tollmien-Schlichting Waves","authors":"Dongfen Bian, Shouyi Dai, Emmanuel Grenier","doi":"10.1007/s00021-026-01006-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00021-026-01006-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is well-known that shear flows in a strip or in the half plane are unstable for the Navier-Stokes equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions if the viscosity <span>(nu )</span> is small enough, provided the horizontal wave number <span>(alpha )</span> lies in a small interval, between the so called lower and upper marginal stability curves. The corresponding instabilities are called Tollmien-Schlichting waves. In this article, we give a simple presentation of the dispersion relation of these waves and study its mathematical properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":649,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147335816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Weak Elasticity on the Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability","authors":"Binqiang Xie, Boling Guo, Bin Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s00021-025-00983-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00021-025-00983-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we present an analysis of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in two-dimensional ideal compressible elastic flows, providing a rigorous confirmation that weak elasticity has a destabilizing effect on the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. There are two critical velocities, <span>(U_{text {low}})</span> and <span>(U_{text {upp}})</span>, where <span>(U_{text {low}})</span> and <span>(U_{text {upp}})</span> represent the lower and upper critical velocities, respectively. We demonstrate that when the magnitude of the rectilinear solutions satisfies <span>(U_{text {low}}+cepsilon _{0}le |dot{v}^{+}_{1}| le U_{text {upp}}-cepsilon _{0})</span>, the linear and nonlinear ill-posedness of the piecewise smooth solutions of the Kelvin-Helmholtz problem for two-dimensional ideal compressible elastic flows is established uniformly with respect to the background velocity in the interval <span>([U_{text {low}}+cepsilon _{0}, U_{text {upp}}-cepsilon _{0}])</span>, where <i>c</i> is the sound speed and <span>(epsilon _{0})</span> is some small enough positive constant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":649,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147335815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}