{"title":"Kelvin Waves, Mutual Friction, and Fluctuations in the Gross–Pitaevskii Model","authors":"Giorgio Krstulovic, Marc E. Brachet","doi":"10.1007/s10909-023-02985-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-023-02985-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, we first briefly review some of the mutual friction effects on vortex lines and rings that were obtained in the context of the truncated Gross–Pitaevskii equation in references Krstulovic and Brachet (Phys Rev E 83(6):066311, 2011; Phys Rev B 83:132506, 2011), with particular attention to the anomalous slowdown of rings produced by thermally excited Kelvin waves. We then study the effect of mutual friction on the relaxation and fluctuations of Kelvin waves on straight vortex lines by comparing the results of full 3D direct simulations of the truncated Gross–Pitaevskii equation with a simple stochastic Local-Induction-Approximation model with mutual friction and thermal noise included. This new model allows us to determine the mutual friction coefficient <span>(varvec{alpha })</span> and <span>(varvec{alpha '})</span> for the truncated Gross–Pitaevskii equation.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"212 5-6","pages":"321 - 341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10909-023-02985-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5083005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial for the Special Issue in Honor of Joe Vinen","authors":"Carlo F. Barenghi, Ladislav Skrbek","doi":"10.1007/s10909-023-02988-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-023-02988-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"212 5-6","pages":"153 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5083004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taolue Yang, Shi Liu, Yi Yang, Xinran Guo, Tao Tao
{"title":"Optimized Cryogenic FBG Sensitivity Coefficient Calibration for High-Precision Thermal Expansion Measurements","authors":"Taolue Yang, Shi Liu, Yi Yang, Xinran Guo, Tao Tao","doi":"10.1007/s10909-023-02980-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-023-02980-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Under conventional temperature regimes, optical fiber sensors (OFS) have been extensively utilized for real-time monitoring of strain and temperature responses in transportation, energy, and civil engineering structures. However, in low-temperature environments, OFS applications confront challenges such as poor adhesion, diminished sensitivity, weak signal transmission, and complex compensation requirements. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct in-depth research on the high-precision calibration characteristics of strain and temperature in cryogenic conditions. In this study, we propose an enhanced calibration technique for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain/temperature sensitivity, covering a low-temperature range of 77–296 K. Employing a custom-designed low-temperature testing apparatus, we calibrated the thermo-optic coefficients, temperature, and strain sensitivity coefficients. Subsequently, this improved method was applied to measure the coefficient of thermal expansion of various materials. The results confirm the accuracy of the proposed method and present the strain/temperature measurement properties of FBG. This research provides guidance for the precise use of FBG in low-temperature environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"213 1-2","pages":"107 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5346582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Humam B. Ghassib, Ahmad M. Alkurdi, Ayman S. Sandouqa
{"title":"Scattering- and Binding Properties of Two 133Cs Atoms in Free Space and in an Ultracold, Low-Dense 133Cs Vapor","authors":"Humam B. Ghassib, Ahmad M. Alkurdi, Ayman S. Sandouqa","doi":"10.1007/s10909-023-02987-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-023-02987-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The scattering- and bound-state properties of two <sup>133</sup>Cs atoms, in free space as well as in low-dense Cs vapor, are calculated for both electronic singlet and triplet states. In free space, standard scattering theory is used; specifically, the Lippmann–Schwinger t-matrix equation is solved by a matrix-inversion technique. The output is the phase shifts, from which the corresponding (total, viscosity, [complex] spin-exchange, and average) cross sections are computed. In the vapor, a generalized scattering theory is invoked, the key equation being the Galitskii–Migdal–Feynman T-matrix equation. This is solved by the same technique to obtain the cross sections in the <i>medium</i>. Likewise, the t- and T-matrix equations are solved for negative definite energy eigenvalues—again, by matrix inversion, albeit after symmetrizing the kernel in the integral equation involved—to determine the respective binding energies of the Cs<sub>2</sub> dimer in free space and in the vapor. Sharp resonance peaks, representing ‘quasi’ bound states, appear in the cross sections. In the triplet total and viscosity cross sections, quantum effects appear as undulations. The results obtained for the complex spin-exchange cross sections are particularly highlighted, because of their importance in the spectroscopy of the <sup>133</sup>Cs<sub>2</sub> dimer. So are the results for the binding energy of this dimer, which are important in the physics of ultracold molecules. In calculating this quantity, as many relative partial waves as necessary (<i>ℓ</i> = 0–7 and 0–8 in free space and the medium, respectively) are taken into account to guarantee ‘convergence’. The role of the medium is given special attention throughout. Most of the quantities considered here are calculated for the first time; but whenever available, comparison is made with previous results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"213 1-2","pages":"1 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10909-023-02987-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4825291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ju-Song Ryom, Gang-Yong Ri, Nam-Chol Kim, Myong-Chol Ko, Il-Hyang Choe, Su-Ryon Ri
{"title":"Entanglement Generated in Quantum Dot-Cavity Coupled System Mediated by Plasmonic Waveguide","authors":"Ju-Song Ryom, Gang-Yong Ri, Nam-Chol Kim, Myong-Chol Ko, Il-Hyang Choe, Su-Ryon Ri","doi":"10.1007/s10909-023-02982-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-023-02982-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We theoretically study the entanglement between two quantum dots (QDs) with dipole–dipole interaction (DDI) in the composite quantum system composed of a plasmonic waveguide and two cavities. The analytical expressions of the pairwise concurrence as a measure of entanglement are obtained by determining the excitation probability amplitudes with real space formalism. The properties of the entanglement are discussed in detail under the control of physical parameters such as detuning and coupling strengths. We demonstrate the DDI can improve the entanglement in short distance and highly entangled states can be obtained in the cases of symmetric and asymmetric coupling.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"213 1-2","pages":"80 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4828766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. R. Joudeh, A. S. Sandouqa, O. T. Al-Obeidat, A. F. Al-Maaitah, H. B. Ghassib
{"title":"4He Gas in the Temperature-Range 1 mK–5 K: Thermodynamic Properties from the Quantum Second Virial Coefficient","authors":"B. R. Joudeh, A. S. Sandouqa, O. T. Al-Obeidat, A. F. Al-Maaitah, H. B. Ghassib","doi":"10.1007/s10909-023-02986-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-023-02986-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The quantum second virial coefficient B<sub>q</sub> of low-dense <sup>4</sup>He gas is calculated over the temperature range 1 mK–5 K. This is the first step in determining, according to standard expressions, the thermodynamic properties of the system, namely, the virial equation of state, compressibility factor, total internal energy, specific heat capacity, and entropy. These are compared to previous results wherever available. A large negative B<sub>q</sub> is obtained. It is argued that this is intimately related to the formation of small clusters. Based on the semi-quantitative analysis, the cluster formation is predicted to occur in the present system at a fairly low temperature ~ 0.049 to 2.254 K. It is found that: (1) as the temperature decreases, the second virial coefficient deviates more and more from the classical behavior, thanks to quantum effects; and (2) from the pressure (P)-temperature (T) behavior, it is deduced that P is negative in the T-range 0.04 K < T < 0.17 K. In the negative-P regime, the system becomes unstable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"213 1-2","pages":"28 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4681106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unconventional Temperature-Dependent Critical Current in the Fe-Based Hybrid Josephson Junction with a Metallic Barrier","authors":"Huili Zhang, Duo Zhang, Weihua Shao, Wanghao Tian","doi":"10.1007/s10909-023-02984-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-023-02984-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We use the multiband Fe-based superconductor (FeSC) Ba<sub>0.5</sub>K<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>As<sub>2</sub> and the conventional superconductor Nb to fabricate a hybrid Josephson junction where an Al layer serves as a highly transparent barrier. Detailed electrical transportations are studied including the Shapiro steps and the Fraunhofer-like pattern, which indicate strong Josephson effects. An unusual temperature-dependent critical current was observed, which cannot be well described by the conventional Ambegaokar–Baratoff relation. We utilize a model considering both multiband properties in the FeSC and the conventional superconductor/normal metal/superconductor Josephson junction theory, proving that this temperature dependence on critical current is attributed to the barrier transparency of the Josephson junction. We hope our studies can be a reference for the applications or physics research of FeSC Josephson junctions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"213 1-2","pages":"70 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10909-023-02984-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4423960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Šimon Midlik, Maximilián Goleňa, Marek Talíř, David Schmoranzer
{"title":"Vibrating Microwire Resonators Used as Local Probes of Quantum Turbulence in Superfluid (^{4})He","authors":"Šimon Midlik, Maximilián Goleňa, Marek Talíř, David Schmoranzer","doi":"10.1007/s10909-023-02983-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-023-02983-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report the use of a 60 <span>(upmu)</span>m thick superconducting NbTi vibrating wire resonator as a local probe of quantum turbulence in superfluid <span>(^{4})</span>He (He II). Wire resonance is driven via magneto-motive force, exclusively in the laminar hydrodynamic regime. For the detection of quantized vortices, changes in the probe resonant frequency and peak amplitude are measured in reaction to the applied external counterflow. Calibration of the device response is obtained in thermal counterflow in the temperature range from 1.45 to 2.1 K against second sound attenuation data. The main motivation of this work is the development of local probes of quantum turbulence suitable for use in non-homogeneous systems such as flows with spherical or cylindrical symmetry. The frequency response of the devices is described with good accuracy at lower temperatures by considering the balance between viscosity and mutual friction and its effect on the boundary layer. Under the experimental conditions, the fluid–structure interaction cannot be modeled reliably by an effective turbulent viscosity and agrees better with a model of the boundary layer modified by mutual friction. The obtained results may be extended to the interaction of nanoscale devices with sufficiently dense vortex tangles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"212 5-6","pages":"168 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4165704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jia-Hui Chen, Jian-Tao Che, Chen-Xiao Ye, Hai Huang
{"title":"Boundary Effect and Critical Temperature of Two-Band Superconducting Films: Application to MgB(_2)","authors":"Jia-Hui Chen, Jian-Tao Che, Chen-Xiao Ye, Hai Huang","doi":"10.1007/s10909-023-02981-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-023-02981-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on the two-band Bogoliubov–de Gennes theory, we study the boundary effect of an interface between a two-gap superconductor and an insulator (or vacuum). New boundary terms are introduced into the two-band Ginzburg–Landau free energy, which modifies the boundary conditions for the corresponding order parameters of the superconductor. A microscopic analysis of these terms is also given and the characteristic length scale of the boundary effect can be estimated. The theory allows for a simple calculation of the critical temperature suppression with the decrease in film thickness for the typical two-band superconductor magnesium diboride. Our numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data observed in this material.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"212 3-4","pages":"113 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4799058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Low-Threshold Detectors for Low-Mass Dark Matter Searches with a p-Type Germanium Detector Operated at Cryogenic Temperature","authors":"Mathbar Singh Raut, Dongming Mei, Sanjay Bhattarai, Rajendra Panth, Kyler Kooi, Hao Mei, Guojian Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10909-023-02979-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-023-02979-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates new technology for enhancing the sensitivity of low-mass dark matter detection by analyzing charge transport in a p-type germanium detector at 5.2 K. To achieve low-threshold detectors, precise calculations of the binding energies of dipole and cluster dipole states, as well as the cross sections of trapping affected by the electric field, are essential. The detector was operated in two modes: depleted at 77 K before cooling to 5.2 K and cooled directly to 5.2 K with various bias voltages. Our results indicate that the second mode produces lower binding energies and suggests different charge states under varying operating modes. Notably, our measurements of the dipole and cluster dipole state binding energies at zero fields were <span>(8.716pm 0.435)</span> meV and <span>(6.138pm 0.308)</span> meV, respectively. These findings have strong implications for the development of low-threshold detectors for detecting low-mass dark matter in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"212 3-4","pages":"138 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4799059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}