中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)最新文献

{"title":"A Historical Analysis on Turkey’s Multilateralism of Foreign Policy","authors":"Tao Zan","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2015.12023265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023265","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Turkey is a medium-sized regional power with strong military and economic strength. Historically, Turkey has had two types of foreign policies: pro-West policy, allying with Western powers, and pro-East policy, focusing on regional interests. Since the founding of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, Kemalists, Turkey’s ruling elites have adopted a strong pro-Western stance, namely, learning from Europe and fully embracing European civilization. However, overall, Turkey has maintained a foreign policy of isolationism over the two decades following the founding of the country. After the end of World War II, Turkey carried out the pro-Western policy, and joined the Western camp. Since the 1980s, when Özal came to power, Turkey began to adjust its foreign policy strategy: it increasingly emphasized playing a more important and active role in regional affairs, Turkey has started the transition to a diversified and multi-dimensional pattern in its foreign policy strategy. In the early 2000s, Turkey’s AKP’s government has basically finalized a multi-dimensional foreign policy strategy, with more emphasis on an all-round and balanced foreign policy.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59949855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Africa or Morocco? A Historical Perspective on the Resolution of the Contrived Stalemate over the Western Sahara Decolonization Process","authors":"E. Mordi","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2015.12023260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023260","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The stalemated decolonization process in Africa’s last colony, Western Sahara, was investigated in its historical context. Deploying the critical-analytic methodology of contemporary history and examining available sources on the subject, the paper posits the Saharawi right to self-determination and independence, within the framework of the UN Charter as a non-self-governing territory which is not in dispute. It concludes that the stalemate is Morocco’s contrivance to further its dream of a “Greater Morocco”, and that the reactivation of Saharawi armed struggle, complemented with diplomatic efforts under the strategic leadership of the African Union, would present the United Nations with a choice between Africa and Morocco, and reinvest the world body with the political will for its early resolution.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59950171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Middle East Upheavals and Democratic Transition of Arab Countries","authors":"Zhongmin Liu","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2015.12023262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023262","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Prior to the Middle East upheavals, democratic transitions in Arab countries could be roughly divided into three stages, namely, the early constitutional reform, the third wave of democratization and democratic reforms under the impact of the end of the Cold War, and during the democratization process under pressure from the US “Greater Middle East” initiative in the new century. The Middle East upheavals are part of political and social movements that involve the whole Arab world. They have not only some common features, but also huge differences; the long-standing problems in Arab countries in the political, economic and social areas are the fundamental causes of Middle East upheavals. However, in addition to this, they are also affected by the US “Greater Middle East” initiative and other external factors. Democratic reforms and transitions undoubtedly constitute an important part of the Middle East upheavals. Arab countries are currently carrying out democratic reforms, but meanwhile they are also facing many challenges. The core elements that affect the progress of democratic transitions include three factors: Islam, military intervention and geopolitical factors. With respect to the relationship between Islam and democratic transition, the conflicts between religious and secular forces will continue to have an impact on the democratic transition of the Arab countries. 0n the other hand, moderate Islamic forces will explore democratization with Islamic characteristics. The relationship between Islam and democracy will be developing in diversified ways, and consecutively adjusting and remodeling. In terms of relationship between military intervention and the democratic transition, there will be a long way to eliminate the impact of military intervention in Arab countries, and a long process from the starting of democracy to democratic consolidation, and eventually to democratic functioning. This also depends on the normalization of relations between religious and secular forces after a long period of interaction and accommodation. On the relationship between geopolitics and democratic transition, complicated internal religious, sectarian and ethnic conflicts, contradictions among Arab countries, ideological competition and regional leadership competition, as well as the military intervention and exports of democracy from Western powers, have exacerbated the turbulence in the Arab democratic transition.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023262","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59949770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rise of the Middle East Sovereign Wealth Funds: Causes, Consequences and Policies","authors":"Li Yang","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2015.12023263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023263","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The basic purpose of sovereign wealth fund is pursuing a stable and sustainable economic development. The Middle East is the first region to set up sovereign wealth funds in the world. It is a resource-based sovereign wealth fund aiming to eliminate the potential impact of oil price fluctuations on the domestic fiscal and monetary policies, and balance the foreign exchange earnings. The sovereign wealth funds in the Middle East have developed rapidly in recent years and have exerted impact on regional economic development and macroeconomic policy. But the sovereign wealth funds in the Middle East are not able to cooperate with the domestic fiscal policy and balance the domestic economic fluctuations. Therefore, in order to play a more important role, the sovereign wealth funds in the Middle East need an improvement in investment, rules and target.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59949829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing “One Belt and One Road” and Enhancing the China-GCC Cooperation","authors":"Sike Wu","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2015.12023264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023264","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: China and the Middle East are located in the east and west side of Asia, and have long friendly relations. The construction of “One Belt and One Road” joined by China and GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) will lead the mutual strategic cooperation relationship in the future, and it will be the main stream of China and the GCC relations under the new situation, and will enhance the mutual cooperation in economy, trade, energy, infrastructure and high technology to a higher stage, thus giving vitality and dynamics into China and GCC relations.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59949844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment on the New Round of Middle East Turbulence","authors":"Wenlin Tian","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2015.12023261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023261","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: After several years’ unrest, “turbulence” becomes the main characteristic of current Middle East situation. Firstly, democracy transformation fails to pave a new way for the Middle East states, and these states have to continue to search for a suitable governance model in the future; Secondly, gamble of regional power emerges as a New Cold War, which is “geopolitics competition plus sectarian conflict”. Thirdly, the rise of “Islamic State” shakes the basis of regional system. Finally, US’s existing plan is disrupted and faces a dilemma. In the near future, the Middle East will come into a period of turbulence.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59950188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancement and Development of Women’s Rights in Light of the Legal System Reforms in Iran","authors":"M. Lajevardi","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2015.12023255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023255","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Women’s rights have long been discussed in academic circles and used as a yardstick against which the performance of the governments is evaluated. As societies flourished and economy thrived, the welfare and cultural growth of the families were positively affected and raised awareness and a state of awakening among women. As a result, the women’s rights movements tipped the balance into increased for women. In this regard, the role of international institutes and organizations should not be undermined. Their decisions, though not binding on national legislatures, have had an undeniable impact. Discrimination against women and disregarding their rights can portray a country as the violator of women’s rights and besmirch its international picture. Although the legal system reforms in Iran have not fulfilled the needs of this segment of the population, they are deemed positive and forward in many respects. Accordingly, the current research seeks to find answers to the question as to whether the developments in Iran’s legal system, especially in recent years, has moved toward humanizing and enhancing women’s rights.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59950084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis on the Potential of Strategic Cooperation between China and OIC under the “Silk Road Strategy” Framework","authors":"Lirong Ma, Yuxiang Hou","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2015.12023258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023258","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The Organization of Islamic Cooperation has a unique influence in the global governance, such as Middle East issues and International Islamic development, and has become the most active international multilateral platform for Islam. Based on the context of the establishment of the organization and its development process, particularly, the agenda items and resolutions of the organization since 2000, this study clarifies the path of the OIC to advance agenda items and exert political influence on Islamic countries; this study also tracks the history of both official and civil exchanges between China and the OIC, proposes to seize the historic opportunity of the “Silk Road strategy”, and build a model of cooperation between China and the Arab-Islamic countries as the “natural partners of the Silk Road” and the “Silk Road Community”.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59950132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CNPC, CNOOC and SINOPEC in Iraq: Successful Start and Ambitious Cooperation Plan","authors":"Haider Hamood Radhi Al-SHAFIY","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2015.12023256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023256","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: When China started to look for oil overseas in the 1990s, Iraq was struggling against the economic sanctions after the first Gulf War. At that time, China and Iraq had no chance for oil cooperation until the second half of the 1990s when the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) adopted the program of oil for food in 1996, which was in the signing of the first oil contract on the Al-Ahdab oil field. But this deal faced many problems due to the conflict between the Iraqi government and the UNSC at that time. The real beginning was after American invasion of Iraq in 2003, when the Chinese oil companies participated in the first and second biddings offered by the Iraqi Oil Ministry and the Chinese oil companies. Especially CNPC won very important contracts, when it signed contracts on big oil fields in the southeastern and southern parts of Iraq. In addition, the Chinese importing oil from Iraq started to increase rapidly during the last few years, and it is expected to reach high levels in the near future.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59950094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis on the Trends of the Middle East Turmoil","authors":"Hui-Su An","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2015.12023259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023259","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The extremist organization “IS” brought additional chaos to the Middle East. It is expected that Egypt will restore order. The main hot spot issues have witnessed some changes but are still hard to solve. The US is the producer of the Middle East turmoil. Internal disputes in the Middle East are still prevalent. China still has great potential to develop the friendship and cooperation with Middle East countries.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2015.12023259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59950141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}