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Political Changes and the Middle Class in Egypt 埃及的政治变革和中产阶级
中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版) Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/19370679.2012.12023203
Xiaoqi Dai
{"title":"Political Changes and the Middle Class in Egypt","authors":"Xiaoqi Dai","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2012.12023203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023203","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This paper analyzes the structure of Egyptian society in different periods, and explains the reasons of the social changes experienced in 2011. It is believed that the Sadat-Mubarak administrations' political and economic policies have led to distortions in the Egyptian social structure, and caused a 'fall' of the middle classes, that has destabilized Egyptian society. This paper will briefly consider the basic trajectory of the changes seen in Egypt and why the middle classes ultimately submitted to the Mubarak regime. This paper not only looks at the internal factors, but the external ones too-i.e. the difficult historical pretext and the huge international pressure on Arab countries like Egypt.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59947111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The Reasons and Consequences of Political and Social Unrest in Arab Countries 阿拉伯国家政治和社会动荡的原因和后果
中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版) Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/19370679.2012.12023200
Hui-Su An
{"title":"The Reasons and Consequences of Political and Social Unrest in Arab Countries","authors":"Hui-Su An","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2012.12023200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023200","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: There are many complex internal causes and external reasons for the intense political and social unrest in the Arab world. The United States and other Western powers are actively involved. The unrest will initiate a new historical chapter seeking a fresh path of development for citizens of the Arab world. The current unrest will last for some time and will undoubtedly have comprehensive impact on the entire configuration of the Middle East. The US dominance of Middle Eastern affairs has diminished, but its overall status has not been shaken.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59947176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Nature, Characteristics & Influence of the Drastic Changes in the Middle East 中东剧变的性质、特点及影响
中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版) Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/19370679.2012.12023201
Lirong Ma
{"title":"The Nature, Characteristics & Influence of the Drastic Changes in the Middle East","authors":"Lirong Ma","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2012.12023201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023201","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The continuously evolving political turbulences and upheavals of the Arab countries can be regarded as an endogenous Arab democratic movement. In this evolving process, “the Islamic Elements\" once again become an important source of spiritual and ideological resources for its social transformation. Now as the situation becomes more and more obvious that various factions of Islamic forces are accelerating their proceedings of “realignment\" and “differentiation\", an extremely intrigue complex of interconnections is emerging between different Islamic factions and between religious politics and geopolitics. This situational evolution is not only influencing the Middle East region, but also affecting the peace and development of the whole world.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59947223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploration of the Hamas Suicide Attacks 对哈马斯自杀式袭击的探索
中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版) Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/19370679.2012.12023205
Tianshe Chen
{"title":"Exploration of the Hamas Suicide Attacks","authors":"Tianshe Chen","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2012.12023205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023205","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The majority of the Hamas suicide attacks were carried out by young fellows. There were various motivations for the suicide attacks, including four social factors. Firstly, the miserable experiences of the Palestinian people became a hotbed for the suicide attackers. Secondly, the wide public sympathy of suicide attackers among the Palestinian people provided support for Hamas and the suicide attacks. Thirdly, the Palestinians turned to violence as a last resort from the disappointment of the Palestinian-Israeli peace process. Finally, the Hamas suicide attacks had many religious factors. The Hamas suicide attack has two effects. One is that it causes the Palestinians and Israelis to fall into a vicious circle of \"violence to violence\"; however it also strengthens Hamas's leading position as a resistant organization. Another is that it has caused the martyrdom culture to become popular in Palestine and inspired many Palestinians to join suicide attacks. In conclusion, the roots of the suicide attacks by Hamas and other Palestinian groups are found in Palestinian despair of the status quo and therefore, the Palestine issue has still not been resolved.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59947524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Origins of Omani-China Friendship: A Historical Review 阿曼-中国友谊的起源:历史回顾
中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版) Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/19370679.2012.12023204
Abdullah Saleh Al Saadi
{"title":"The Origins of Omani-China Friendship: A Historical Review","authors":"Abdullah Saleh Al Saadi","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2012.12023204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023204","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Oman and China are both of importance in world history and in the international system. Therefore the study of the relation between Oman and China and the two countries' historical interactions and present intercourses is of great significance. This paper emphasizes the relations between Oman and China and its influence on each other and the impact of the relations between Oman and China on the international system and international relations from a historical perspective.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59947263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The January Revolution and the Future of Egypt 一月革命与埃及的未来
中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版) Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/19370679.2012.12023202
X. Qian
{"title":"The January Revolution and the Future of Egypt","authors":"X. Qian","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2012.12023202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023202","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In January 2011, a revolutionary movement fighting for political democracy broke out in Egypt, influenced by the Jasmine Revolution that had taken place in Tunisia. With the development of the January Revolution, the democratic movement gave way to an unexpected political Islamic movement, represented by the Muslim Brotherhood which has received broad civil support. In the most recent national presidential election on June 23rd - 24th, Mursi, the chairman of The Freedom and Justice Party and Shafiq, the former Prime Minister, became the candidates for the second round of the presidential election. The failure of Ahbad Sabashi, head of Nasser's side in this competition, shows that the democratization of Egypt still has a long way to go.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59947233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Global Muslim Voices on Islam – Democracy Compatibility and Co-existence: A Study of the Views of Sadek Sulaiman, Louay Safi, Radwan Masmoudi, and Muqtedar Khan 全球穆斯林对伊斯兰的声音——民主兼容与共存:萨德克·苏莱曼、路易·萨菲、拉德万·马斯莫迪和穆克泰达尔·汗观点研究
中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版) Pub Date : 2012-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/19370679.2012.12023198
Tauseef Ahmad Parray
{"title":"Global Muslim Voices on Islam – Democracy Compatibility and Co-existence: A Study of the Views of Sadek Sulaiman, Louay Safi, Radwan Masmoudi, and Muqtedar Khan","authors":"Tauseef Ahmad Parray","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2012.12023198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023198","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Islam-democracy compatibility or Islamic democratic discourse – the relation between Islamic socio-political concepts and institutions and positive features and notions of modern democracy – has gained an impetus from the final decades of 20th century. Democracy in Islam is strongly debated, defined and discussed by the diversity of voices ranging from those who deny a connection between Islam and democracy to those who argue that the Islamic system of government contains a number of ‘concepts and values’ which are present in modern democracy. In this direction, this paper attempts to make an analysis of the views, arguments and observations of four most prominent modernist Muslim intellectuals – ‘Muslim Democrats’ – regarding Islam-democracy compatibility and co-existence. The views of scholars presented here include: Sadek Jawad Sulaiman, Louay M. Safi, Radwan A. Masmoudi, and M.A. Muqtedar Khan. It argues (among others) that more reflection, research, and (re) interpretation is required to reconcile the tenets of Islam with the modern notions of democracy, liberty, justice, equality, and human rights as the Islamic primary sources throw ample light and guidance on these concepts and values.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023198","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59947027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Italian Colonisation & Libyan Resistance to the Al-Sanusi of Cyrenaica (1911 – 1922) 意大利殖民与利比亚对昔兰尼加Al-Sanusi的抵抗(1911 - 1922)
中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版) Pub Date : 2012-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/19370679.2012.12023199
S. Raza
{"title":"Italian Colonisation & Libyan Resistance to the Al-Sanusi of Cyrenaica (1911 – 1922)","authors":"S. Raza","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2012.12023199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023199","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This paper seeks to analyse Italian Colonialism in Libya from 1911-1922 against the backdrop of the anti-colonial Sanusi Order. Part A sets the colonial context and the ambitions of the European powers in North Africa (and the Maghrib). Part B outlines the emergence of the Sanusi resistance as well as the origins and evolution of the Order from the mid-1800’s to a religious-politico organisation by 1911. Part C investigates the Turco-Italian War (1911-12) whereby Italy officially occupied Libya, examines the role of the Sanusi resistance during the first colonial war, subsequent conflicts and the years of the Accords (when a semblance of peace appeared to be on the horizon), and concludes briefly on the impact of the Sanusi Order.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59947123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
On Political Unrest in the Middle East and China’s Diplomacy 中东政局动荡与中国外交
中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版) Pub Date : 2012-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/19370679.2012.12023195
Zhongmin Liu
{"title":"On Political Unrest in the Middle East and China’s Diplomacy","authors":"Zhongmin Liu","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2012.12023195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023195","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: From crisis management to the overall planning, China’s response to the unrest in the Middle East has achieved great success. Today China must understand the influence of the unrest in the Middle East by taking the overall international and domestic situations into consideration, namely, understanding its influence as ’’tests in the external environment’’ and the changes it causes to the international setting of China; China must review its experiences of coping with the unrest in the Middle East and correct any flaws in its present policies; China must work out scientific, mid- and long-term strategies for the Middle East and corresponding measures. In particular, she should better its understanding of the strategic position of the Middle East and enhance her participation in the Middle Eastern affairs while adhering to its traditional diplomatic principles.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59946449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
A Research on the Causes of Turkey-Israel Discord 土耳其与以色列不和的原因研究
中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版) Pub Date : 2012-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/19370679.2012.12023197
Bo Wang
{"title":"A Research on the Causes of Turkey-Israel Discord","authors":"Bo Wang","doi":"10.1080/19370679.2012.12023197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023197","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Turkey and Israel used to be the closest alliance in the Middle East region. But in recent years, the relation between the two nations has totally reversed. The reasons that lead to the deterioration of the two nations’ relation including: the influence of the personal ideology orientation and characteristic of the political leaders, the factors of the social tidal current changing and the political situation developing inside the related nations, and the internationalization and the complication trend of the Kurds problem caused by the regional and international political change after the Iraq War. Especially, the crisis in the relation between Turkey and Israel not only has resulted in the reset of the security alliance among the nations in the region, but will also bring more uncertainties to the future of the Middle East peace process and the development trend of the multinational Kurds problem in this region.","PeriodicalId":63464,"journal":{"name":"中东与伊斯兰研究(英文版)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19370679.2012.12023197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59946940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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